US1665587A - Exhaust-steam injector - Google Patents

Description

J. F. GRIFFIN EXHAUST STEAM INJECTOR 'April 10, 1928.

led May l5. 1926 NNI".

JOSEPH. F fR/PHN. A

ATTORNEY.

Patented Apr. 10, 1928.v

UNITED s1-rares 1,665,581 PATENT -.orti-Cr,.f`

JOSEPH r. GRIFFN, or TEANEGK, NEW JERSEY, AssIGNoR To THE SUPERHEATER COMPANY, or NEW YORK, N. Y. f f Y EXHAUST-STEAM INJECIOR.

Application ledvMay 15,

' whereby live` steam-fof'. .reduced fpressure,

f hereinafter referred to] as auXiIiar'y. steam, i

may be used in 'conjunction with the supplemental steam foroperatingthe injector When'exha'usti steam: is not available.

lInjectorsofthis typeasappliedto loco* motives-are ordinarily Iequipped with v.con-

trol systems by which the` high Yand low pressure-live stea1n,the exhaust steam, andk theavater supplied tot-he injector, are controlled 'fi-oiirtlie locomotive cabby means of valves1 actuatedlfroin a common controlwhereby the exhaust valve will 'be free of.

yling means. v

Typical examples of such injectors and A controlwsystems are 'disclosed in U. S.`Let ters Patents No. f1-,351',O0/1, granted March 211, 1925,v to M. Ll-Iar'chet -al.,and 1,510,999,

" grantedvOctober 7, 1924, to RQ D. Metcalfe,

et alf, andy the ypresent invention has forits general object-the provision of an'improved form of exhaust steam control valve, :for yuse in conjunction with systems Vof fthisgeneral nature. To this end, anobject ofthe invention is the4 provision of positive lock- -ing vmeans forv holding` the exhaust yvalve in closed-position, which-means may be thrown out of engagement with the valve sof-that -theV latter may be free to'move to either closed or open `position under theinliuence of 'steampressurevalone. A furtherlobject of the invention Vis the provision of means.

kthe locking means at all times when the-inkjector is being operated with exhaust and supplemental steam. A further object ofl VIVthe invention is the-provision of a combined closing and locking means which will per mit the Vclosing of the exhaustlvalve and maintenance thereof 1n `lclosed position 'against exhaust steam pressureyby ythe use of a spring or equivalent Vmeans of rela-L tively light strength. A still further object of the invention is theprovision of means vwherebythe' exhaust valve willfbe automate ically closedandvlocked in closed position.:

when the injector is shifted .from .exhaust steam tov-auxiliary steam operation. .Otherm 1926. seriai N6. wasn/i.

and moredetailed'objects of theinvention vwill becorne apparent as Vthe following-,de-

scriptiongofa preferred form of my invention proceeds.- g 1 y sIn the accompanying `drawingsE lghave shownmy invention applied to an injectOFof 4aqslightly modilied form of valve control means. f

Referring now toFig. '1, the injector .showni is of a known,v type, inzvwhichwithin the housing 1 there yare successively .mounted the mam-low pressure steam nozzle 2, vrwater nozzle or cone 3, secondary steam' nozzle/"4;,

ycombining, tube` and deliverytube, IgAs these elementsfof the injector are well l known inthe art andforrn nopart ofthepres'ent invention, itisfnot believednecessarythat I they. be described Ain further detail.y n

i The housing 1 is provided with an exhaust s teamqinlet 7 4communicating with the steam chamber 8, theinlet Tv--being controlled by the exhaust valve 9E pivotally supported from vthe Ipin l.10 by ineansof the arm 11, to which it visyattached by means ofthe rivet Y12, the,

latter being provided withl arounded projectinghead 13. Thevalve 9, armll, and

rivet 12 form aA fixed assemblyv (which may be -madevintegraD- rotatable .aboutpinilO asafcentenand the exhaust valveL will hereinafter `be lconsidered as comprisingfthis assembly. 1 I i y Forward of the exhaust valve, the housing 1f, is formedwith a boss 14: formingabearino for.y thefreception `of a transversely placed pin 15, Awhich at-its opposite endis [supported by a removable bearingflsuitably, secured Ain ythewhousing,1 opposite the boss 14.

Theypiu 15 carries, Lpreferably integrally therewith, a, camfelement 17, the main cam surface of which consistsofV an rarcuate. por-V 'ftionl lying onan arcstruck` from a point shghtlyqabovefthe axis. of pinlgonthe. vline intersecting the axes @.pins lOand 15.

Thecani surface'=.18 lmergesfgradually atv its lowerend into the substantially radial cam surface. 19; l,The position of; pin 15 andI thel radius` of fthe, arcuate portion of thefcam l18 are such* that withk thecam inthe position vshownin Fig. 1, the valve 9 is held in closed "highpressure steam nozzle 25.

position by the cam surface 18 contacting with the head 13. Furthermore it is particularly to be noted that the axes of pins and are so placed that with the cam in the position shown, a line drawn through the axes of pin 10 and the point of contact between elements 13 and 18 is at right angles to a line drawn through the axes of pin 1-5 and the point of contact `between elements 13 and 18. The reason for this relative placing of the elementswill appear morefully hereinafter. 1

The cam 17 is provided opposite the cam surface 18 with a projecting operating lever 20, by means of which the cam 1s rotated to either hold theexhaust valve in closed posi tion or to allow it free movement.

The housing lis formed with an extension r the steam passage 24 and provides high pressure steam for nozzle 25 and the actuation of piston `22.`

Directly Vbelow vcylinder V21 the housing 1 is `suitably webbed to form the cylinder 27, in which is slidably mounted the piston 28 carrying the piston rod29, the latter projecting through the web forming the top of cylinder 27 to engage the lower face of the lever 2O directly oppositethe rod 23. A spring 30, located in cylinder 27, tends to force the Vpiston 28 to the upper end of thecylinder and the force exerted by this spring may be varied by means of a suitably threaded adjusting plug 31. The lower end of cylinder 27 is closed by a suitable plug 32. j

Forward of cylinder 27 the injector housing 1 is suitably webbed to form a steam passage 33, communicating with the cylinder 27 below piston 28 and also through ports 34 with the steam chamber' 8. A steam pipe 35 leading from the control apparatus (not shown) communicates with passage 33 and supplies thereto low pressure auxiliary steam for the operation of the injector and' f also for the actuation of piston 28.

The operation of the device is as follows: Vhen the injector controls are closed so that neither high nor low pressure live steam is admitted to the injector, the cam 17 is held in the positionshown in Fig. 1 by means of the spring 27 acting through piston 28 and rod 29.f `ln this position the exhaust valve is closed and prevents the entrance of ex- .pivot 10, passes through the axis of pin 15 and it `will thus be seen that the cam 17 when .in this positionforms a lock holding the exhaust valve closed. The cam -surface 18 is,'as previously noted, slight-ly oii' center j with respectto the axis of pin 15.- A tangentto the arc at the point of `contact With..

head 13 is, therefore, not Vquite normal to the line of force exerted by the latter. Because ofthis, pressure exerted by head 13 will tend to rotate the cam in counter clockwise direction, but this tendency is so slight thatit is entirely overcome byfriction, and the cam acts as a friction held lock preventing the opening of valve). `The cam surface Al8is offset in order to compensate for wear on the cam surface or.. the face of valve 9, and to assure thev positive seating of the latter as the cam is rotated' to closedposition.

Assuming that exhaust steamis available and it is desired to operate the injector, high pressure live steam isadmitted to the latter through pipe 26 and, as will be readily apparent from an inspection of the ligure, the

Y admission of live steam to the passage 24 will force the piston 22 downwardly against the spring 27 and move cam 17-.into a position which allows the exhaust valve 9 to be opened by the pressure of the exhaust steam in inlet 7. j j Y When it is desired to operate the injector on live steam, the auxiliary low pressure live steam is admitted through pipe 35 to the passage v33, from which it p asses into the steam chamber 8 and also into cylinder 27 below piston 28. In most instances the auxiliary live steam passing into chamber 8 will be sufficient to close the exhaust valve 9 and prevent the escape of live steam through the exhaust passage, but in order to assureithe positive closing of the exhaust valve the area of thepiston 28 and the tension of spring 30 are fixed so that upon the admission of .Sii

iti() llU low pressure steam into cylinder 27, the pressure of the supplemental live steam acting on piston 22 will be overbalanced and the piston 28 forced to the top of lcylinder 27. by the combined forces acting on it. This action will rotate camV 17 to the position shown in the figure, placing the exhaust valve in its closed andlocked position.

Because of the fact that the exhaust valve when closed and under exhaust steam pressure `is preventedA by friction from rotating cam 17, the spring 30-holding the cam in closed position may be made comparatively light and consequently the piston 22, which must y'overcome thel of `spring iOto open .the valve, may also be of comparatively small size. y i i ,g

It will be obvious that the same action. as

.that described could be obtained bygadmit- Vting the low` pressure live steam below piston .22.rathen than below piston 28, but the form shown is preferable, 4,as with this arrange# mentneither the piston `22 nor. piston 28 need be a closeor packed fit in its respective cylinder. It willbe 4notedtlratpistons 22 andx-28 are provided withannular .faces 22a and282,01';'theirk lower and uppeiyfacesrespectively,rand .these annular faces, or seats,

eliminated.. t

j f YVhen the'injector isshut off after having '.,been operated with exhaust steam and with exhaust steam Istill available at the inlet 7,

. the cam 1T vis returned to its `closed position from the openposition by the spring 30, which, although` comparatively light, is able to rotate the cam and close the exhaust valve against the exhaust steam pressure because' of the intermittent character of the latter. It ywillbe readily .apparent .that during the lintervals of reduced exhaust*r steam pressure occurring between exhaust pressure impulses from ,the engine cylinders, thespring 30 will gradually rotate the cam,.17'fin va series ofk steps until the head Vl is in engagement with the arcuate portion .18 of the cam surface,

after which thefcam may be rotated with `comparative easeuntil valve 9 is forced to itsrfullylclosed position..

.In Fig. 3 I have 'llustrated a modiiied formofyalve which is, in general, similar to that shown in Fig. 1, butin which the exhaust valve ispositively closed only when thehigh pressure'live steam supply to the injector is shut off. In this form the valve QWispivoted at 10 through lever 11.4 carrying head 13. A cam 17having faces 18 i and 1 9 similar to those previously described Vin connectionwith Fig. 1, is similarlym'ounted in the injector housing and is thrown to open. position by means of a piston `22 and rod 23 actuated by supplemental high pressure steam. The spring acting onY piston 28., lmounted in cylinder 27', lacts to throw the cam to closed position in exactly the` same manner as that heretofore described, but in this .case thenauxiliary steam "passage 33', supplied from pipe 35, is in communication only with the steam chamber 8.

Inrthis form the general operation of the valve is the same as that previously described with the exceptionl that during live steam steamv inlet @pagaron i the injuif, the 'can irais hia in open position ,f by the action of theliigh pressure steam on piston V22', and the exhaust t 7 isclosed only by the action of the low pressure live steam'in chambers V8 acting to close valve 9.

If the operating conditions are suclithat 'a ,positive pressure is assured in thechamber 8 at all times when the injector. is operating wholly on live steam, satisfactory.operation of. the injector may .be secured with 'the more simple modified form. f Y

. ll/Vhen the injector is shut off, the exhaust valve 9 is closed y'and locked yin. closed vponeras inthe preferredform'. i

It is to be understood. that .the'invention is vsiti'on by sp "ing 30', in exactly the sameV mannot to be limited to the illustrative embodt ments herein disclosed, but is; to j. bek con- A sidered as including such changes inform as may fall'within the spirity and scope ofthe appended claims.

I claim:

1. In an injector, the combination .with an exhaust valve opened byexhaustfsteam pressure, of a movable element -engaging'said valve to lock it in 'closed position, resilient means urging said element to lockingposition, and means for moving. said element/out of locking positien against the action of 'said j first named means. j

2. In an injector, the combinationl with a pivoted exhaust valve opened byfexliaust steam pressure, of a rotatable cam in' one position engaging said valve to lockthe latter 1: i

in closed position and in another' position permitting said valve to open, a spring acting to force said` cam to said first named position, and a fluidl actuated piston acting to force y said cam to said last named position against the action of said springl y 3. In an injector supplied with exhaust and supplemental lsteam and having an exhaust valve opened by exhaust steam pressure," a

movable element engaging said valve to lockv it in closed position and'means actuated by the admission of supplemental steanito the injector to move said element out'of locking position.

4:. In an injecter supplied with exhaust and i' supplemental steam, the combination with a pivoted exhaust valve opened by exhaust steam pressure, of a rotatablec'am in one position engaging said valve to 'lock the latter' iny closed position and in another position permitting said valve tov open, a spring acting Bul juf),

lll)

to force said cam to said 'firstfnamed position,

and a piston actuated by the.admission` of supplemental steam to the injectorl acting to force saidcam to said last named position against the action of said spring.

5. In an injector supplied with exhaust,

supplemental and auxiliary steam andhaving an exhaust valve opened by exhaust steam pressure, a movable element engaging Sald valve to lock it in closed position, means actuated by the admission of supplemental `binationwith a pivoted exhaust valve opened by exhaust steam pressure, of a rotatable cam in one osition ensaoin said valve to lock` the latter in closed position and in another position permitting said valve to open, a spring acting to force said cam to saidiirst named position, a pistonactuatedby the admission of supplemental steam to the injector actingto force said cam to said last named position against the action of said spring,.

and a piston actuated by the admission of auxiliary steam to the injector acting' in conjunction with said spring to ret-urn said cani t0 said rst named position against the action of' said firstV named piston.

7. In an injector having an exhaust valve opened by exhaust steam pressure, valve actuating means for closing said vaive, movable element interposed between said meansand valve, and a mounting for said element, said element being constructed and arranged to transmit the torce exerted by said means to said valve to close the latter, and when in closed position to transmit the force exerted thereon by said valve to said mounting.

8. In an injector having an exhaust valve opened by exhaust steam pressure, an element movable from an open to aelosed position in the latter of which it engages said valve to hold said valve closed against exhaust steam pressure, said element forming, when in closed position, a locking member capable of independently retaining said valve in closed position against exhaust steam pressure, a spring` urging said element to closed position and a Huid pressure actuated piston for moving said element to open position. i

9. In an injector having an exhaust steam valve opened by exhaust steam pressure, a cam element located adjacent said valve and rotatable to close the same, said element comprising a cani surface which, in closed position, is substantially normal to the line oi? the resultant torce exerted by exhaust steam pressure on said valve, whereby the came element forms a friction held locking member for said valve, and means for moving said element into and out of engagement with said valve.

10. InY an injector having an exhaust valve opened by exhaust steam pressure, a rotatablecam element located adjacent said valve, said element comprising a pivot mounted with its axis lying on the line oi the resultant force exerted by exhaust steam pressure on said valve anda cam surface lying on an arcthe center ot which lies on a `line intersecting the axes of said valve and cani pivotsbetween the two'and adjacent the latter, and means for rotating said elenient to bring said cam surface intoor :out of engagement with said valve Vto closelthe latter orpermit its Vfree opening underthe iniiuence of exhaust steam pressure.

11.'In an injector, a housing having a high pressure live steamjinlet and an exhaust steam inlet, a pivotedt flap valve controlling said exhaust steam inlet, a rotatable cam element mounted transversely' of said housing and movable between two positions in one of which it engages said valve onthe iside opposite `said inlet to close thevalve and in the other of which it permits-free movement of the valve, an operating `lever on said camelenient, a cylinder located n said housing, a piston located in said cylinder, and carrying al rod engaging one side of said iever, a spring located in said cylinder and acting on said piston to Close said valve, a second cylinder located in said housing and in communication lwith saidhigh pressure steam inlet, aV piston located in said last named cylinder and carrying a rod engaging the side of said lever opposite said iirstvnained rod. t

l2. In an injector, a housing havinghigli and low pressure live fsteam inlets andan ex-V haust steam inlet, a pivotedf flap valvecontrolling said exhaust steam inlet, a rotatable came element mounted transversely ofsaid housing and movable between two positions in one oit which it engages said valve 0n the side opposite said inlet to close'the valve and in the other of which` it pei'niitsfree movenient of the valve, an operating lever on said cam element, a cylinder locatedin said housing, a piston located in saidcylinder, and carryinga rod engaging one side of said lever, a spring located in said cylinder and acting on said piston to close said valve, a port providing communication between the portion of the cylinder -in whichV the spring is located and said low pressure live steam inlet, a second cylinder located in said housing and in communication with said high pressure steam inlet, a piston located in said last named cylinder and carrying a-rod engaging the side ofsaid lever, opposite said iirst named rod.` i

JosiiPH it GRIFFIN.

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