US1664788A - Automatic or self-loading small arm - Google Patents

Automatic or self-loading small arm Download PDF

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Publication number
US1664788A
US1664788A US112049A US11204926A US1664788A US 1664788 A US1664788 A US 1664788A US 112049 A US112049 A US 112049A US 11204926 A US11204926 A US 11204926A US 1664788 A US1664788 A US 1664788A
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Prior art keywords
trigger
hammer
sear
breech
pistol
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US112049A
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English (en)
Inventor
Oberhammer Ludwig
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Individual
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Individual
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A19/00—Firing or trigger mechanisms; Cocking mechanisms
    • F41A19/06—Mechanical firing mechanisms, e.g. counterrecoil firing, recoil actuated firing mechanisms
    • F41A19/25—Mechanical firing mechanisms, e.g. counterrecoil firing, recoil actuated firing mechanisms having only slidably-mounted striker elements, i.e. percussion or firing pins
    • F41A19/27—Mechanical firing mechanisms, e.g. counterrecoil firing, recoil actuated firing mechanisms having only slidably-mounted striker elements, i.e. percussion or firing pins the percussion or firing pin being movable relative to the breech-block
    • F41A19/29—Mechanical firing mechanisms, e.g. counterrecoil firing, recoil actuated firing mechanisms having only slidably-mounted striker elements, i.e. percussion or firing pins the percussion or firing pin being movable relative to the breech-block propelled by a spring under tension
    • F41A19/30—Mechanical firing mechanisms, e.g. counterrecoil firing, recoil actuated firing mechanisms having only slidably-mounted striker elements, i.e. percussion or firing pins the percussion or firing pin being movable relative to the breech-block propelled by a spring under tension in bolt-action guns
    • F41A19/34—Cocking mechanisms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
    • C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
    • C22B1/24—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A19/00—Firing or trigger mechanisms; Cocking mechanisms
    • F41A19/06—Mechanical firing mechanisms, e.g. counterrecoil firing, recoil actuated firing mechanisms
    • F41A19/42—Mechanical firing mechanisms, e.g. counterrecoil firing, recoil actuated firing mechanisms having at least one hammer
    • F41A19/43—Mechanical firing mechanisms, e.g. counterrecoil firing, recoil actuated firing mechanisms having at least one hammer in bolt-action guns
    • F41A19/47—Cocking mechanisms

Definitions

  • My invention relates to automatic breechloading fire-arms and more particularly to small-arms of the magazine-pistol type in which the several operations of unlocking 5 and opening the breech after firing a shot, ejecting the empty cartridge shell, cocking the percussion member, introducing a fresh cartridge into the cartridge chamber of the barrel and so on are automaticall brought about by the recoil of the breec -bolt for closing the breech or rear end of the said cartridge chamber, and b tubular extension to inc ose the top and sides of the barrel and which is integral with the breech-bolt to form a movable or reciprocating unit therewith.
  • the chief object of my invention is to provide a small-arm of the stated type which will afiord perfect safety inasmuch as a premature or accidental shot cannot occur since the lock mechanism is so constructed as to prevent retained in cocked'position when the breech is manually opened in case of loading or un- 2 loading the pistol, whereas upon the discharge of a cartridge the hammer will be cocked, that isto say, retained in full-cock position, automatically, as usual in arms of the kind,
  • the hammer In case of firing the first shot the hammer is operated by the trigger through the agency of the trigger bar just in the manner of an ordinary pistol of the revolver type.
  • Fire-arms of the stated class as hitherto constructed are objectionable or unsatisfactory inasmuch as by withdrawing the breechblock by hand for the purpose of introducing the first or uppermost cartridge into the 4 cartridge chamber of the barrel, the hammer will be cocked for firing at the same time.
  • the percussion member either a hammer or a percussion bolt
  • the lock mechanism is automatically prevented by the lock mechanism from being moved to full-cock, when the breech-block has been withdrawn by hand; and in case the hammer or the percussion bolt, in consequence of a previous means of a $811111 the percussion member from being and the pistol will be ready for Figure 2 is a shot, is in its full-cock position, the manual withdrawal of the breech-block will cause the same to be uncocked.
  • the pistol although not distinguished in its outer appearance from a self-loading small-arm of the usual type as hitherto constructed, yet afiords, owing to its improved mechanism, the important advantage of being uncooked upon the withdrawal of the breech-block either 'for loadin purposes or just for the purpose of uncoc ing the cocked pistol.
  • the invention resides in the novel construction set forth in the following specification articularly ointed out in the appended c aims and il ustrated in the aceompanyin drawings, it being understood that the right is reserved to embodiments other than those actually illustrated herein to the full extent indicated by the general meaning of the terms in which the claims are expressed.
  • FIG. 1 is an elevation or side view of the pistol with the breech-block and the rear portion of the semi-tubular extension there-' of broken off and with the magazine and the side wall of the handle removed, the parts of the mechanism being shown in the position which they assume upon the operation of the trigger, while the pistol is not loaded: similar view showing the parts in position after the opening and closing of the breech by hand, say for loading the pistol;
  • Figure 3 is a similar view showing the parts with the hammer in the fully-cocked position;
  • Figures 4 and 5 are detail views of 95 parts to be referred to;
  • Figure 6 is a righthand side elevation of the pistol similar to Figure 1, showing the construction in a per-' cussion-bolt operated pistol;
  • Figure 7 is a similar view showing the percussion-bolt and co-operating parts in the cock
  • 1 denotes the handle or grip
  • 2 is the breech-block or, more properly speaking, the semitubular extensionof the block with the latter broken off
  • 3 denotes the trigger-guard
  • 4 is the trigger
  • 5 is the hammer.
  • the trigger bar 6 is shaped to form a three-armed member for the particular purposes hereinafter referred-to.- As will be seen in Figures 1, 2 and 3, the bar 6 has an upper shank or arm 7, a lower arm 8 and a third arm 9 intermediate the'twoaarms 7 and 8, all the three arms extending rear'wards in front of the chamher for the reception of the cartridge maga-'- zine or holder (not shown).
  • the sear 12 has a lateral projection or nose 14 audits lower end is bent to form a lock 'ing hook15, see Figure 5, adapted to engage in a recess 16 of the triggerbar located just. in front of the lower arm- 8,"which latter is stepped and adapted to co-operate with the above mentioned nose 14 of the sear 12.
  • the trigger bar is pivotally connected at its forward end to-the trigger and normally tends to move slightly upward under the influenceofa' small spring (not shown) which is seated in a slot in the trigger and is coiled 7 arm 8. As the turning movement of the sear around the; trigger bar pivot, this spring also tending to move the trigger forward.
  • the third or intermediate arm 9 of the bar 6 is bent and shaped to form a hook which is adapted to engage the pin sear 13 and thus support the bar.
  • the hammer 5 and the arresting or catch lever or sea! 12 are shown separately in Figures 4 and 5, respectively.
  • the hammer has a recess 17 at its lower end for the top end 18 of scar 12 to engage in for holding the hammer in cocked position.
  • 19 is the pivot pinof the hammer. 1 i
  • Figure 1 shows the position of the parts upon the actuation ofth'e trigger when orwhile the pistol is not loaded.
  • the hammer occupies its foremost position in contact with the firing pin
  • the hammer in its cocked position (i. e., at full-cock) and for releasing" the same upon" operation of the trigger, is
  • the trigger bar will be moved rearwards bodily; and its shoulder or recess 11, acting on the hammer nose 10, will turn the latter rearwards until disengagement of the parts "10 and-l1 occurs, wvhereupon the hammer will flyforwar'ds to fire the first shot.
  • the hammer moves forward untilit is arrested at half-cock by the engagement of its nose 10 with the recess or shoulder 11 of the trigger bar.
  • the breechblock be opened and closed by hand to unload the pistol, its rearward movement will cause the hammer to cam the sear nose 18 out of engagement with its notch V 17 and to withdraw the hook 15 from recess 16. Then, during the succeeding closing or forward movement of the breech block, the hammer will move forward into its halfcocked position. Consequently, it will be seen that the hammer will always be brought into the position mentioned by a manual opening and closing of the breech, whether the cartridge chamber be loaded or empty at such time. In the former instance, moreover, and assuming that the hammer is at full-cock, the operation in question will change the hammer from full-cock to halfcock or, stated otherwise, will uncock it.
  • the breech-block will act, upon its reap ward movement after. firing a shot, to turn the hammer about its pivot sufficiently to allow the breech to pass over it' and at the subsequent forward movement of the breech under the action of the usual restoring spring the hammer will remain in full-cock position owing to the engagement of the pawllike sear end 18 in the recess 17 of the hammer.
  • the hammer In order to ensure the cocking engagement of the parts 17 and 18, the hammer must be forced rearwards a little beyond the full-cock position. In case, however, the breech is opened by hand, the hammer will be moved likewise a little beyond its fullcock position even if the hammer is cooked or occupies the full-cock position, so that the pawl-like sear-end 18 will not engage in the recess 17 or, as the case may be, will disengage therefrom, but in this eventuality the hooked end 15 of the sear 12 will catch into the recess or notch 16 of the sear, as soon as the latter commences its return move: ment, so that the co-operating parts 18 and 17 cannot engage and the hammer must re turn into its half-cock or restposition shown in Figure 2, simultaneously with the manual operation of closing the breech.
  • Fi re 3 illustrates, as above stated, the positlon of the parts when cooked upon the firing of a shot;
  • the hammer is locked in its turned-down or full-cock-position by the end 18 of the scar 12 engaging in the recess 17 of the hammer, and the hooked end 15 of the sear 12 engages in the recess 16 of the trigger bar so that the sear is locked and cannot turn about its pivot pin 13.
  • the locking of the sear 12 prevents at the same time the co-operating parts 18 and 17 from" disengaging, so that the discharge of a cartridge by inadvertence or accidentally cannot occur and a shot cannot be fired except when the trigger is operated for the purpose.
  • the rearward movement of the trigger bar causes its arm 8 to exert pressure on the lateral projection or nose 140i the sear 12 and the latter will be turned about its pivot pin 13 so as to disengage its pawl-like end 18 from the notch 17 of the hammer, whereupon the released hainmer-Will fly forwards and a shot will be fired.
  • FIG. 6 and 7 shows a pistol having a percusslon bolt in lieu of a hammer, the bolt being designated 20 and shown as provided with a cooking nose or projection 21.
  • the trigger a bar 6 and triggerv l are made in a single piece, or otherwise rigidly connected together, and the former projects at its front end into the path of the breech block, so that when the block is moved rearwards to open the breech it will engage and move the trigger bar with it in the same direction.
  • the said bar is provided with a stud 22 against which the free upper end of the front arm of a spring 23 exerts a constant pressure, and the handle 1 of the pistol is formed with a projection 24 that stud 22 normally rests against, thereby providing a support for the cocking nose 25 of the trigger bar, all as represented in Figure 6.
  • the figure just mentioned shows the parts in 'normal position, with the bolt 20 at halfcock and its nose 21 behind and engaged with the cooking nose 25 on the trigger bar; the bolt being subjected to the action of the firing spring 26, which in this position is expanded, but being prevented from contacting with the primer of the cartridge by the engagement of the parts 25, 21.
  • a recess 16 is formed in the lower edge of the trigger bar, and beyond this recess in turn there is a oeveled head 28 on the bar for coaction with the hook 15 on the sear 12.
  • this form is substantially the same as that of the first form.
  • the breech block 1s first moved rearwards by hand, carrylng with it the trigger bar 6 and the bolt 20, until the head 28 of the bar extends sear hook 15, thus depressing the sear and preventing the pointed end 18 from catching the lug or notch 17 of the bolt.
  • the breech block is then moved forwards to close the breech, during which time the parts 20 and 6 are free. to move in the same direction under the pressure of their respective springs 26 and 23 until the trigger bar is arrested by the engagement of its stud 22 with pro jeetion 24, all parts then being restored to Figure 6 position.
  • the trigger bar On firing the first shot, the trigger bar is pulled all the way back, until its beveled. the pin 27 and is depressed thereby in order to disengage its nose 25 from the nose 21 of the bolt, which latter thereupon flies forwards under the action of its spring 26 to fire the shot.
  • the sear itself is depressed as the head 28 passes over it, but immediately afterwards is raised by its spring 29, its shoulder or hook 15 moving into the recess 16 which is then directly above it. This upward movement of the sear engages the parts 18 and 17 during the succeeding recoil movement of the bolt with the breech block so that the bolt-is thus locked in full-cock position (Figure 7); the trigger being held back, of course, by the pressure of the trigger finger against it.
  • auxiliary bar 30 acts as a connector between the trigger and the sear, just as is the case with the Browning pistol, being pressed rearwards by the trigger and, in turn, depressing the soar to disengage the parts 18 and 17.
  • ncocking can be effected, as before, by movingthe breech block backwards-by hand far enough to enable a releasing nose 39 on the under side of the bolt to engage the nose 18 of the scar and thereby rock the latter downwards so as to withdraw hook 15 from recess 16 in the trigger bar, at the same time disengaging the parts 18 and 17, so that the moving parts are then free to return to the normal or half-cock position illustrated in Fig. 6.
  • Figure 9 illustrates a further modification in which the releasing nose 39 forms part of or is integral with the bolt portion of the breech block 2.
  • the pistol is shown fully opened so that the nose 39 has lowered or depressed the sear or catch lever 12 so as to prevent the nose 18 of the latter, with-the aid of the arm 15, from engaging with the co-operating nose or recess 17 of the bolt 20.
  • Figures 10 and 11 show separately the percussion bolt 20 with the sear 12 in engaged position (that is, with the bolt cocked) and out of engagement (that is, when the breech is fully opened) respectively.
  • the nose 39 is integral with the percussion bolt.
  • FIGs 12 and 13 illustrate a modification in which a hammer 5 is employed for actuating the percussion bolt or pin and the releasing nose 39 forms part of the breech block 2.
  • a releasing lever 40 is provided to co-operate with a pin 41 on the sear 12 in order to lower or depress the latter into the idle position in which the pawl-like end 18 cannot engage in the notch 17 of the hammer for cocking purposes, as will be seen in Figure 13, whereas Figure 12 shows the parts in cocked position.
  • Figures 14 and 15 illustrate a modification in which the sear 12 is operated by a springcontrolled pin or plunger 42, adapted to oscil late about a transverse axis 43.
  • the spring-controlled pin or plunger 42 is held to occupy a vertical position, but when the trigger is in its rearmost position, as shown in Figure 15, the pin or plunger 42 occupies an inclined position.
  • the trigger 4 is integral with the trigger bar 6 and the springcontrolled pin or plunger 42 is encased in a housing or sleeve 44 having a lateral projection 45 at its upper end.
  • the depending arm 46 of the bar 6 is fitted with a pin 47 adapted to engage the said projection 45 when the trigger is withdrawn from the position shown in Figure 14 to the position illustrated in Figure 15, and to tilt the sleeve 44 with the plunger housed therein, over. to the position shown in Figure 15, whereby the plunger 42 is caused to turn or lift the sear 12 from the position illustrated in Figure 14 to the position shown in Figure 15 with the co-operating parts 17 and 18, Figures 4 and 5, or the like in engagement, so that the pistol will be cocked. To this end the sear 12 has.
  • a recoil-operated element a catch for ho ding it in "fullycooked position; an arm on the catch; a sliding breech block; and a trigger bar provided with means for cooperation with said arm, when the breech block is moved rearward by hand to open the breech, to prevent the catch from arresting the percuss on element in fully-cocked position or, if said small-arms of istol, a percussion catch occupies its arresting position, to move it out of such position and thereby release said element.
  • a percussion element' having a notch therein; a catch having a pointed end engageable in said notch to hold the percussion element at fullcock and also having a locking arm; and a trigger bar cooperative with said catch in cocking and uncocking said element and having a recess for engagement by-said arm.
  • a percussion element having a notch therein; a catch having a pointed end engageable in said notch to hold the percussion element at full-cock and also having a locking arm; a trigger bar cooperative with said catch in cooking and uncocking said element and having a pair of recesses, one of which is adapted'to receive said arm and thereby enable the engagement of said catch end in said notch; and a projection on said percussion element engageable in the other recess in the trigger bar to effect firing of the first shot.
  • a trigger In a recoil-operated pistol, the combination of a trigger; a hammer provided with a nose; a pivotally-mounted catch havmg a projection; and a trigger bar pivoted at one end and provided with three arms, one for cooperation with said nose, another f for cooperation with the pivot of the catch,
  • a striker In a recoil-operated pistol, a striker; a. sear for holding it at full-cock; a trigger; a trigger bar connected to move therewith and engaged by the sear when the striker is cocked; and a sliding breech block operable, when moved by hand to open the breech, to disengage the sear from the trigger bar and uncock the striker.
  • a striker In a recoil-operated pistol, a striker; a scar for holding it at full-cock; a trigger; a trigger bar connected to move therewith and aving a recess engaged b the sear when the striker is cooked; an a sliding breech block operable, whenmoved by hand to open the breech, to disengage the sear from the trigger bar recess and uncock the striker.
  • a striker In a recoil-operated pistol, a striker; a scar for holding it at full cock; a trigger; a trigger bar connected tomove therewith and enagageable by the sear when the trigger is retracted and the striker is cocked; a sliding breech block operable, when moved by hand to open thebreech, to disengage the sear from the trigger bar and uncock' the striker; and means for. automatically moving the trlgger-bar and trigger forwards when such disengagement takes place to prevent reengagement.
  • a trigger for holding it at full-cock
  • a trigger for holding it at full-cock
  • a trigger for holding it at full-cock
  • a trigger for holding it at full-cock
  • a trigger for holding it at full-cock
  • a trigger bar connected to move therewith and having a recess engaged by the sear when the trigger is retracted and the striker is cocked
  • a sliding breech block operable, when moved by hand to open the breech, to disengage the sear from the trigger bar recess and uncock the striker; and meansfor automatically moving the trigger bar and trigge 1' takes place to bring the to prev sear.

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US112049A 1924-06-17 1926-05-27 Automatic or self-loading small arm Expired - Lifetime US1664788A (en)

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DE1664788X 1924-06-17

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BE (1) BE335693A (zh)
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GB (1) GB274650A (zh)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2535156A (en) * 1948-04-08 1950-12-26 Colt S Mfg Company Semiautomatic firearm with trigger operated cocking mechanism
US2536336A (en) * 1946-05-29 1951-01-02 Watson Arthur Animal killer
US3857322A (en) * 1973-12-10 1974-12-31 P Lichtman Firearm
WO1991009264A1 (en) * 1989-12-08 1991-06-27 Colt's Manufacturing Company, Inc. Improved safety semi-automatic firearms
US5752338A (en) * 1996-01-30 1998-05-19 Ardesa, S.A. Safety device for muzzle-loaded rifle triggers
US7827720B1 (en) 2008-07-28 2010-11-09 Saim Alper Erdem Autoloading handgun
CN111735344A (zh) * 2019-03-25 2020-10-02 赵庆涛 弹性击针击发装置

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2536336A (en) * 1946-05-29 1951-01-02 Watson Arthur Animal killer
US2535156A (en) * 1948-04-08 1950-12-26 Colt S Mfg Company Semiautomatic firearm with trigger operated cocking mechanism
US3857322A (en) * 1973-12-10 1974-12-31 P Lichtman Firearm
WO1991009264A1 (en) * 1989-12-08 1991-06-27 Colt's Manufacturing Company, Inc. Improved safety semi-automatic firearms
US5050480A (en) * 1989-12-08 1991-09-24 Kniarmco Inc. Trigger assembly for a firearm
US5752338A (en) * 1996-01-30 1998-05-19 Ardesa, S.A. Safety device for muzzle-loaded rifle triggers
US7827720B1 (en) 2008-07-28 2010-11-09 Saim Alper Erdem Autoloading handgun
CN111735344A (zh) * 2019-03-25 2020-10-02 赵庆涛 弹性击针击发装置
CN111735344B (zh) * 2019-03-25 2022-08-26 赵庆涛 弹性击针击发装置

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Publication number Publication date
GB274650A (en) 1927-07-28
BE335693A (zh) 1928-08-31
FR620419A (fr) 1927-04-22

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