US1660137A - Drilling machine - Google Patents

Description

Feb. 21, 1928.

A. E. ROBINSON ET AL DRILLING MACHINE Filed Feb.2l, 1925 3 Sheets-Sheet v4 l s inlll lllliIlll /N VENTOR.

@Mwah Sheet 2 INVENTORS.

A. E. ROBINSON ET AL DRILLING MACHINE Filed Feb. 2l

Feb. 21, 1928.

5 G 4 8 l Zf/ 1 d ma l ht. 5

Feb. 21, 192s. d 1,660,131

' A. E. ROBINSON ET A1,

DRILLING MACHINE Filed Feb.k2l, 1925 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Iig. w,

Patented Feb. 21, 1928.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ALBERT E.' ROBINSON AND AUGUSTUS ivI. SOSA, or' CINCINNATI, OHIO,ASSIGNORS To TIIE AMERICAN Toor. WORKS COMPANY, or CINCINNATI, OIIIO, A CORPORATION OF OHIO.

DRILLING MACHINE.

Application led February 21, 1925. Serial No. 10,947.

Oui' invention relates to means for driving the drill-spindle of a drilling machine at a plurality of selective speeds, and is an elaboration upon thefinechanism disclosed in Letters Patent of the United States No.1,297 256, granted March ll, 1919, on the application of H. lV. vSchatz and A. M. Sosa, for improvements in drilling machines.

In the device of said patent a relatively Small gear is associated with the drill-spindle for rotating the drill-spindle athigh speeds, and a relatively large gear, exemplified as an internal gear, is associated with the drill-spindle for rotating the drill-spindle at relatively-slow speeds, these relatively high speeds and relatively slowT speeds being multiplied by speed changing mechanism.

l/Ve have found it'desirable under certain conditions to dissociate the relatively large gear from the drill-spindle and its driving means, for instance when employing the drill-spindle for tapping or threading Small holes and similar or other operations in which it is desirabley to rotate the drillspindle at the higher range of speeds and to reverse the rotations ofthe drill-spindle in rapid sequences.

We have also found it advantageous under such relations and during performance of Such functions toy maintain the Vrelatively large gear stationary, and we have further found it advantageous to provide the relatively large gear with elongated bearing means comprising a plurality o-f axially arranged'ball-bearings about the drill-spindle, which aids in centering the relatively large gear about the drill-spindle when the drillspindle is rotated throughthe medium of said relatively large gear, and aids in'maintaining axial alinement of the relatively large gear with the drill-spindle when said relatively large gear is dissociated from rotative connection with the drill-spindle or Aheld in stationary position.

It is the object of our invention, therefore, to provide means whereby such respective advantages may be obtained; further, to provide a relatively small gear and a relatively large gear about a drill-spindle and novel means whereby the relatively large gear is rotatively dissociated from the drillspindle and its driving connections; further, to provide means whereby rotation of the relatively large gear is arrested or held sta-f tionarv upon rotativev dissociation thereof from the drill-spindle; and, further, to provide novel means in mechanism employing a gear of comparatively small diameter and a gear of comparatively large diameter about a spindle for rotating the latter, and meansv whereby the gear of comparatively large Vdiameter about the spindle is supported in non-rotative relation thereto when employing the gear ofcoinparatively smallV diameter for imparting rotations to the spindle.

Our invention will be further readily understood from the following description and claims, and from the drawings, in which latter: n

Fig. lis a side elevation, partly in section and partly broken away, showing a drillhead mounted on the radial-arm of a radial drill, and embodying our invention.

Fig. 2 is a central vertical axialorosssection of the Same. a

Y Fig. 3 is a horizontal cross-section ofa detail of the same, taken in theplane of the irregular line 3f-3 of Fig. 2, exemplifying a rotative reversing mechanism.

vFig. 4l is an enlarged axial-vertical crosssection of an exemplilication of our 'im.

provedrdevice, taken in the plane ofthe line 4 4 of Fig. 6, showing the internal gear in driving relation.

Fig. 5 is a similar view,showing the in-v ternal gear in dissociated relation.

Fig. 6 is a horizontal cross-Section of our` improved device, taken in the plane of the line 6 6' of Fig. 4.-, and partly broken away.

Fig. 7 is a detail in vertical section, taken on the line 7 7 of Fig. 6.

Fig. 8 is an axial vertical cross-Section,v

showing a modification of our improved device, and taken in the plane of the line 8-8 of Fig. 9. f-

Fig. 9 isa horizontal cross-section of the same, taken in the plane of the line 9-9 of cludingfa radially extending drill-arm 21v extending radially from the usual column, rotatable about the usual post, extending vertically from the usual base.

Referring to Figs. l1 to-7 inclusive, a drillhead 25 is adjustable lengthwise onv the drillarm and supports the drill-spindle 26, and driving and feeding mechanism therefor. The drill-head supports a usual drilling tool,

or may have a tapping-tool 27 therein, ar-4 ranged to thread a previously drilled hole in a piece of wo1k`28 on the` table 29 of the machine.

The driving and feeding mechanism is actuated'by a usual cross-shaft 31, extending lengthwise of the drill-arm, and rotated in usual manner by means of driving mechanism at the column, usually including speed changing mechanism, all as more fully described in said aforementioned patent.

Thedrill-head is adjustable lengthwise of the drill-arm and the cross-shaft on guideways 32, 33, byl usual means, for instance, as more fully shown and described in the aforementioned patent.

The drill-spindle is rotatable in a non-rotatable sleeve35', sliding in a bearing 36 on the drill-head, end- abutment bearings 37, 38, being located between the sleeve and the drill-spindle. The mechanism for feeding this sleeve, and consequently the drill-spindle endwise by hand or by power is usual, but preferably such as is more fully described in the aforementioned patent.

A sleeve 41 surrounds thespindle and has connection therewith so as-to rotate the same, as by providing the spindle with a splinegroove 42 and providing a` key 43 therein having connection with the sleeve, permitting axial movements of the spindle in the sleeve. The sleeve is journaled' in a bearing 44 in the drill-head.

The mechanism forl rotating the drill-spindle comprises a gear of comparatively small diameter, exemplified as an external spurgear 5l, and a gear of comparatively large diameter, exemplied asan internal gear 52. rIhe external gear is fixedto the sleeve, as by a key'53. The sleeve is held axially in its bearing 45t between said' last-named gearl and a step-bearing 54' located'between an annular shoulder 55 on said sleeveand an annular-shoulder 56 on'said bearing all. The pinion 57, shown xed to the sleeve, is the initial gear of a. usualtrain of power feeding gears for feeding the spindle axially, not more particularly shown.

rI "he external gear. and the internal gear are arranged to be'd'riven at various speeds, for imparting high speed ratios of rotation to the drill-spindle when driven through the medium of said external gear, and for imparting low speed ratios of rotation to the drill-spindle when driven through the Vmedium of said internal gear.

axes of rotation of these gears being located v in the space between the teeth of theinternal gear and the external gear.

The gears 61, 62, are fast with a sleeve 63,

journaled in a bushing 64. The bushing has axial movement in a bearing 65 for selective engagement of the gear 6l with the internalgear 52 or of the gear 62 with lthe external gear 51. The bushing is preferably non-rotative in its bearing. A spline key 66 is held axially to the bushing andis received i-na spline groove 67. Partof this spline groove is 4in said bushing and a mating part .thereof Y is in the bearing 65. (See Figa).

A shaft 7l is journaled in a bearing- 7 2 in the drill-head. The sleeve 63 has spline-key and groove connection73 with said shaft, for maintaining rotative driving connection between them at the various positions of the sleeve on its shaft.- The gear 61 may be moved into the 'bearing' 65 when thedriving gear 62 is caused to mesh vwith'the Aexternal ear.

The shaft 7l is speeds imparted thereto, which are transmitted either to the low speedv or to the high speed gearing aboutthe spindle, for imparting variable speeds to either the low speed o r high speed gearing thereabout.

For accomplishing this a variable-speeddriving connection is provided .between the arranged to have various shaft 71 andl a shaft-7 5. This variable-speed drivingA connection is instancedj as comprising a plurality ofspaced-apart gears 76', 77, of`diffcrentdiameters,fixed to the shaft 71.

Gears 79, 8O,y fast with a sleeve 81, are.

arranged to be selectively brought into meshing relation with the gears76, 7 7', as bymoving said sleeve lengthwise on the shaft 75, parallel with the shaft 71, said sleeve having spline-key and groove connection 82 with said shaft. V

The shaft isjournaled inv bearings 83l vin the drill-head and is Aarranged'to be driven in opposite directions. p

Power reversing mechanism is included in the train of driving mechanism for the drillspindle between the. cross-shaft and the gear-v ing inthe drill-head, and in instanced as comprising friction reversing mechanism.

The shaft 7 5 is provided wit-ha bevel-gear 85 fixed thereto. Bevel-gears 86, *87, are arranged to be placedl in mesh with the bevel-gear 85'at opposite sides of the latter, for selectively rotating the bevel-gearV 85,"

llo

and consequently the drill-spindle, in opposite directions by means of the crossl'shaft 31, or permitting to remain at rest.

The friction reversing mechanism exemplified comprises a sleeve 91, exemplified as having spline-key andfgroove connection 92 with the cross-shaft, and arianged to be moved lengthwise of the crossshaft with the drill-head, as by being journaled inl bearings 93 on the drill-head. The gears 86, 87, are instanced asA loosely mounted on the sleeve, with suitable friction clutching means between said sleeve and Veach of said gears,

said bevel-gear and spindle exemplified as comprising clutch-bands 94,

95, between said bevel-gears and hubs 96, 97, fixed to said sleeve, whereby the gears may be selectively7 connected. with said sleeve by expanding the clutch-bands of the respective clutches.

The clutch-bands are arrangedy to be selecv tively expanded by a. key 98 acting upon suitable expanding levers 99, 100, forexpanding the friction bands in well-known manner, and so arranged that shifting of the key'to the sleeve 91 and secured to the key 98 by a screw 110.

The selective driving connections between the shaft 71 and the drill-spindle, andfbetween the shafts 71 and 75, are preferably independently controlled by mechanism adapted to be manually actuated. Instanc-y ing this arrangement, the sleeve 63 is arranged lo be moved axially on t-he shaft 71 for meshing the gear 61 with the internal gear 52, or the gear 62 with the external gear 51. The proximate end'sof the teeth of the gears 61, 52, are preferably tapered, as

shown 'at 111, 112, said gears. y

This sleeve is exemplified as slidableaxifor avoiding clashing Vof ally on the shaft 71 by means of a fork'115,

received in an annular groove V116 formed in 'the hub lof the Oear 62, the fork being fixed to a sleeve 11i, slidable axially on a rod 118, fixed in the drill-head.y This sleever has a rack 119 thereon, engagedrby a segment-gear 120, on'a rocker-rod 121, journaled in the drill-head and having 1a. seg-VV ment-gear 122, fixed thereon'.

The latter segment-gear ineshed by a rack 123', on a lengthwise movable rod 124,

' slidable in a guideway 125, inea housing 126 on thel drill-head, and having a rack 127 f thereon. This latter rack is engaged by a seginent-gear 128, fixed to a shaft 129,A with which a handle-arin 130 is rigidly connected,

the shaft being journaled'in the housing. yThe handle-'arm comprises a yieldable pullhandle 131, which moves across and is arranged to be held in selective positions on an arc-piece 132, The sleeve` 81 is arranged to be move axially on the shaft 7 5, by being provided with an annular groove 135, in which a fork 136 is received, the fork being operated in manner similar to the operation of the fork 115, by a handle-arm 137, having a resilient pull-handle 138 thereon, and arranged to bei placed in selective positions along the' arcpiece 132, the construction and operation be-v ing similar to the constructionand operation of the means for axially moving the sleeve A63, and all-as more fullyshown and de? scribed in the aforementionedpatent.

The axial movement of thel sleeve 81 en-A gages the gear 79 with the gear 76, or the gear 80 with the gear 77, for vimparting `a plurality of speeds to the shaft 71, and amplifying the'number of speeds of the sleeve 63, and multiplying the speeds impartedby the latter to the drill-spindle. y

In order to support the gear 52 in such manner that it may be connected with the sleeve 41 or dissociated therefrom, we provide said gear with an elongated hub 141, in

"which there is a shell 142, fixed thereto, spaced-apart ball-bearingsj143, I144, beingl located between said gearand its sleeve.` These ball-bearings are combined radial and end-thrust bearings.

The outer raceways of the ball-bearings are separated' by a thimble 145, rand the in ner raceways thereof are separated by a thimble: 146. A nut 147, received about they upper threaded end 148 of the Sleeve, clamps the innerraceways and thethimble therebetween to an annular shoulder 149 on said liu sleeve. This nut is exemplified ashaving an annular protecting flange y15.0 y extending therefrom Labove the ball-bearings to guard the same against'dust and dirt.

A cover-housing 161 is received above the internal gear, and forms a cover for the drillhead, the same being provided with an opening 162 through which the spindle extends.

There is a clutching means between the sleeve 41 and the internal` gear, exemplified asa clutch-collar 164 about the, sleeve, connected withthe sleevel by splinekey and' groove connection 166, and provided with.

clutch-teeth 167, arranged'to engage mating clutch-teeth v168 on the shell 142 of the internal gear.

at 169, 170, to avoid clashing of the teeth.

A clutch-lever171, shown" in the form of The proximate ends of the y .clutch-teeth are preferably beveled, vshown a .yoke received about theV clutch-collar, is* pivoted on aipin 172 to a 1ug173 nsecured to the web-174 ofthe drill-head.

The larms of the yoke-lever are provided with pins Y175 .having rollers 176 thereon located in an annular groove 177 in the clutchcollar, formiiigan operativeV connection between :the clutclrleveryand the clutch-collar.

The `clutch-collar. is operated in unison With the speed changing mechanism for driving thespindlefby means of the external gear or the l internal gear in such manner that,- Whenthe `internal gear is arranged todo the driving, the clutch is kplacedin engagement i and .when the external gear'is arrangedto do the driving, the clutch mechanism' is indis-A connected relation.

Meansare also preferably. provided Whereby 4the operation off-the clutch is automaticallyaccomplished by the shifting mech-A anismrfor effecting speed-change. Thus the; vsleeve 63 is provided with a projection17 9,1A this projection being shown as an extension of tliekey 66,`Which is arranged to engage f 1 theilever 171 Vfor swinging the lat-ter on its pivotv and causing clutchengagement.

Release of the clutch is caused by move ment of the sleeve in the opposite direction.

/ large diameter, namely, the inter-nal` gear,

when the .latter isA unclutched, exemplied as accomplished by a brake 187, shown .comprising a brake-shoe 188 xed tothe clutch-v levcr, and arranged to engage a coactingan-v nular -face 186 onthe web 58 of the internal gear, soas to stop-rotation of `the internal;` gear when the clutch is unclutched', this ,stop-y ping being substantially instantaneous. Thev brake-shoe may be secured to the. lever v171 by screws 189. The brake-shoe nis urged toward the web of the internal gear by the spring 185 acting on the plunger ,181, which engages the web r1741 of the' drill-head. i

. In the modification sho-ivnfinFigs; 8 to 12 inclusive, the comparatively large gear is provided with clutching means at .its upper end.y The various parts ofy the clutching means and of .the mounting means. forthe internal gear are similar to those hereinbefore described, the various parts being designated by similar reference numerals raised to the series 200.

'lheclutchdever 271 is .shown provided with a fork .receivedabout the clutch-collar.

sleeve 63. is articulated.

shovvninthe form of a shanksecured to the-:sleeve 63-by screws 291, and movable i yceived in slots 295in said fork. Y

The Ilever'iszp'ivoted on :bolts 272 in :lugs 52731l `depen-ding-rom-tthe cover-housing 261.

Thelelver is further provided Vwith a liforlr 278, With which a. projectionl 279 on the This projection is axially in :a guideway 292 in the bearingv 265,

-in which the sleeve has axial movement, thus preventing rotation of the sleeve. The

articulation between the lever and said extension comprises a pin 293 in'said. extension, havi-ngaslide-blocks 294 thereon, re

Thefbrake'` 287. is- Y shown. comprising a a plunger 281,movable axially in a socket 282m said-clutchdever.

a hole 284 in said clutch-lever, a spring 285 in the socket 282 normally urging the brake- Tlie brakef shoe, toward .the Ainternal' gear.

brake-shoe-288,received in, a socket 290 in f The plunger is pro n vided .with a shank-283 extending through shoe lcoacts .with a `coaeting annular face l286 on the internal gear.

8, Ythevclutch for saidinternal gear ismoved out of clutchinglrelation and the braking A nut 296 is threadedlabout the threadedend of said shank, the adjustiiient of the nutlimiting themovement. of the brake-shoe."toward the internal gear..

meansthereforis moved `into engaging rela'- f tion, 'orsarresting rotation ofy the internal gear- When the gear 61 is moved intofmesh With the..internal-v.gear,v the braking mecha" nismvisrfirst released, thereby permitting ready meshingl .between .said gears, especially when the-teeth thereof are provided with .matingend tapering aces and the coactingr teeth of the clutch means are alsojengaged, which y is readily accomplished, especially it `of rotative speed changes, the gear of comparatively large diameter, represented as the internalgean'which is the final gear in the train of gearing .for lrelativelyvlow speed range lof rotations for the spindle, is disconnectedrfroni saidispindley and from its driving agencies, andyits rotation is'further.

arrested, whereby` the strains upon they trains of mechanism, .which Would be dueto such rotations Aofvsaid'. comparatively large gear acting either uponthe spindle or the driving means therefor,l are removed, also relievinggthe reverse. friction i' means, which are f the proximate lends oi' said teeth are tapered, Y the engagements :of 'said gears and said' clutch connecting the internal gear With the large diameter'about the axis of rotation of' saiddrill-spindle, means operatively connecting said gears with saidk drill-spindle for rotating the latter, speed-change gearing for said gears `for driving the latter at various speeds, means operatively dissociating said gear of comparatively large diameter from said spindle and from said speedchange gearing, and braln'ng means for said.

gear of comparatively large diameter.

2. In a drilling machine, the combination of a drill-spindle, a gear of comparatively small diameter and a gear of comparatively large diameter about the axis of rotation o said drill-spindle, means operatively connecting said gears with said drill-spindle for rotating the latter, driving means for said gears comprising power reversing mechanism and speed-changing gearing between the latter and said gears, means operatively dissociating said gear of comparatively large diameter from said spindle and from said driving means, and means arresting rotation of said gear oitl comparatively large vdiameter when the latter is so dissociated.

3. In a drilling machine, the combination of a drill-spindle, va sleeve thereabout rotatively connected with said drill-spindle, an external gear of comparatively small diameter and an internal gear of comparatively large diameter about said sleeve, means rotatively connecting said first-named gear with said sleeve, clutching means between said sleeve and said second-named gear, a

clutch-lever therefor, speed changing means.

for said gears comprising a pair of axially arranged gears of diierent diameters arranged to mesh by axial movements with said respective lirst-named gears, and means for moving said gears axially, said lastnanied means arranged for operative connection with said clutch-lever for-'operating the latter.

4. In a drilling machine, the combination of a drill-spindle, a sleeve thereabout rotatively connected with said drill-spindle, a gear of comparatively small diameter and a gear of comparatively large diameter about said sleeve, means rotatively connecting said iirst-named gear with said sleeve, clutching means between said sleeve and said second-named gear, speed changing means for lsaid gears comprising a movable meinber, a clutch-lever for operating' said clutch,

and braking means .for said second-named gear, said movable member arranged for operative connection with said clutch-lever and said braking meansfor engagement of said clutching means and relief of said braking means by movement of said movable member in Vone direction and lrelief of said clutching means and engagement of said braking' means by movement of said movable meinberv in` the opposite direction. u

In af drilling machine, the combination of a drill-head, a drill-spindle therein,`V a sleeve aboutsaid drill-spindle having connection with said drill-spindle for rotating the latter, anV external* gear of comparatively small-diameter and an internal gear of comparatively large diameter about saidA sleeve, means rotatively connecting said first-named gear with ksaid sleeve, clutching mechanism between said sleeve and said internal gear comprising an axially movable collar about said sleeve, a lever pivoted to said head and having operative connection with said collar, speed-changing gearing for said Vfirstnamed gears comprising a movable member having operative connection with said lever, and braking means for said internal gear having operative connection With said movable member. v

6.7In a drilling machine, the combination of a drill-spindle, a sleeve thereabout having connection therewith for rotating the same, an external gear lixed to said sleeve, an internal gear rotative about said sleeve, speedchange means for said gears comprising a movable member, and a clutch and lever for operating the same located within said internal gear, said clutch arranged for clutching engagement with said internal gear, and said movable member arranged for operative connection with said lever.

7 In a drilling machine, the combination of a drill-spindle, a sleeve thereabout having connection therewith for rotating the same, an external gear fixed to vsaid sleeve, an internal4 gear rotative about said sleeve, speed change means for said gears comprising a movable member, a clutch' between said sleeve and said internal gear, a lever for operating said clutch, and a brake on said lever for said internal gear, said movable member arranged to operate said lever.

8. lIn a drilling machine, the combination of a drill-spindle, a sleeve thereabout rotative therewith, an external, gear fixed to said sleeve, an internal gear provided with an elongated hub about said sleeve, axially spaced ball-bearings ,between said hub and said sleeve, clutching means between said sleeve and said internal gear at one end of said ball-bearings, and speed-change means for said gears, said speed-change means comprising a movable member arranged for operative connection with said clutching means for operating the latter.

:9. In a drilling .'niachine, 'the 4combination of 4a :drill-spindle, a sleeve thereabout hav ing connection with said drill-spindle forrotat-ing the latter', a bearing .in said `head for saidsleeve, an external gear fixed 'to rsaid sleeve, an internal gear about said sleeve, clutching means 'between saidisleeve and said internal .gear comprising a -colllar having rotative connection With saidlsleeve, .a yokelever about said collar vhaving vconnection therewithfffor axially moving said collar,

'speed-change means for said gears comprising a movable member arranged for clutch operation, and resilient means for said lever acting counter to the latter.

l0. In a radial drilling machine, 1the combination of a horizontal drill-'aum a driven shaft extending lengthwise of said arm, a

drill-'head slidable laterally oni-said arm, a

ramone# drill-'spindle journaled therein, a lgear 'of comparatively 'small diameter Iand a gear of comparatively large diameter about the axis of yrotation for said .drill-spindle, means operatively connecting said last-named gears with said ydrill-spindle `for rotating ltheV latter, `Spee(1l-change gea-ringen said drill-head arranged for operative connections Wthsaid last-named gears for driving the flatter, means Ioperatively vdissocizusing 'sa-id gear of comparatively vlarge diameter from vsaid drill-spindle and from said speed-Change gearing, and riction reversing mechanismbetween 'the said said shaft.

In testimonywhereof, We have -hereunto signed our names.'

' ALBERT E. ROBINSON. AUGUSTUS M. SOSA.

speedechange gearing and

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