US1658713A - Electrical contact - Google Patents

Electrical contact Download PDF

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Publication number
US1658713A
US1658713A US671785A US67178523A US1658713A US 1658713 A US1658713 A US 1658713A US 671785 A US671785 A US 671785A US 67178523 A US67178523 A US 67178523A US 1658713 A US1658713 A US 1658713A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
contact
copper
base
silver
alloy
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US671785A
Inventor
Truman S Fuller
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
General Electric Co
Original Assignee
General Electric Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by General Electric Co filed Critical General Electric Co
Priority to US671785A priority Critical patent/US1658713A/en
Priority to GB25784/24A priority patent/GB224230A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US1658713A publication Critical patent/US1658713A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00Contacts
    • H01H1/02Contacts characterised by the material thereof
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10S428/922Static electricity metal bleed-off metallic stock
    • Y10S428/9265Special properties
    • Y10S428/929Electrical contact feature
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10S428/922Static electricity metal bleed-off metallic stock
    • Y10S428/9335Product by special process
    • Y10S428/939Molten or fused coating
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S76/00Metal tools and implements, making
    • Y10S76/05Electric welding
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S76/00Metal tools and implements, making
    • Y10S76/11Tungsten and tungsten carbide
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00Metal working
    • Y10T29/49Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49002Electrical device making
    • Y10T29/49117Conductor or circuit manufacturing
    • Y10T29/49204Contact or terminal manufacturing
    • Y10T29/49208Contact or terminal manufacturing by assembling plural parts
    • Y10T29/4921Contact or terminal manufacturing by assembling plural parts with bonding
    • Y10T29/49211Contact or terminal manufacturing by assembling plural parts with bonding of fused material
    • Y10T29/49213Metal
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12771Transition metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12806Refractory [Group IVB, VB, or VIB] metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12812Diverse refractory group metal-base components: alternative to or next to each other
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12771Transition metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12861Group VIII or IB metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12882Cu-base component alternative to Ag-, Au-, or Ni-base component
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12771Transition metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12861Group VIII or IB metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12903Cu-base component
    • Y10T428/1291Next to Co-, Cu-, or Ni-base component

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to electrical make and break contacts, as for example, the vibratory contacts in an ignition system for an internal combustion engine.
  • the brazing of the tip and base by copper 1s carried out by interposing copper as a thm plate between the contact tip and the base and then melting the copper in a hydrogen atmosphere.
  • Althoug copper is entirely satisfactory to produce a strong joint, great care must be exercised not to permit any excess of copper to remain on the contacting face or on the sides of the contact disk of refractory metal as this will cause arcing at the contacts during subsequent operation accompanied by overheating and burning of the contact points.
  • This tendency of copper to cause arcing when present upon the contacting surfaces necessitated a separate grinding operation in the manufacture of make and break contacts.
  • Even a careful removal of copper from the contact disk did not always obviate the dangerof arcing, as copper sometimes worked through cracks in the contact disk to the contact face and caused arcing.
  • brazing metal in an electrical contact is constituted by a suitable alloy of silver and copper that no arcing occurs when the brazing alloys remain on the face of the contact disk, or creeps on the contact face during operation of the contact.
  • the base whereby a contact is attached may consist wholly of soft metal, as silver-copper alloy in the present instance, I shall describe my invention as applied to the manufacture of contacts having a base of other metal.
  • the disk 1 of silver-cop er alloy is interposed between the contact disk 2 and the stem or support 3.
  • the silver alloy may contain from about 15 to 28 per cent copper, the lower content of copper of this range being preferred.
  • the contact disk may consist of tungsten, molybdenum, or other refractory metal.
  • the base 3 ordinarily consists of soft steel, but to advantage may consist of copper or bronze which have a higher heat conductivit than steel.
  • the contact parts thusassemb ed are heated to the melting point of the brazing materials while held on a suitable form or support, preferably consisting of graphite in a furnace provided with an atmosphere of filling of hydrogen, as described in Coolidge Patent 1,181,741.
  • the silver-copper alloy readily wets' both the tip of tungsten or other refractory metal and the base of iron or steel in the presence of a reducing gas.
  • the mechanical properties of the completed contact containing an interjacent brazinglayer of silver-copper alloy are substantially the same as a contact containing a brazing film of copper while as already indicated no grinding or other finishing step is required to remove excess brazing material, and no difficulty is experienced by brazing metal working through cracks of the contact disk to the face of the contact.
  • An electrical make and break contact comprising a contact head having a substantially fiat surface and a parallel, substantially flat backing therefor consisting of an alloy of silver and copper, said backing being joined to said head by fusion.
  • An electrical make and break contact comprising a contact head of refractory metal, a base and an alloy of silver and copper uniting said head and base by fusion said alloy consisting largely of silver and containing not more than 28% of copper.
  • An electrical make and break contact comprising a contact head of refractory metal having a substantially flat surface, a base consisting of cuprous metal, said base having a substantially flat surface, and an alloy of silver and copper interposed between said flat surfaces to unite said head and base.
  • An electrical make and break contact comprising a. contact head of n0n-arcing,'1-efractory material and a backing material consisting of an alloy of 85 to 72% parts silver and about 15 to 28 per cent copper.
  • An electrical make and break contact comprising a head of tungsten, a base of 10 copper and an interjacent layer of silvercopper alloy containing at' least about 72 parts silver.

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  • Contacts (AREA)

Description

Feb. 7, 1928. 1,658,713
T. s. FULLER ELECTRICAL CONTACT Filed Oct- 30. 1923 Inventor: Truman '61",
"Us Attorney- Patented Feb. 7, 1928.
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
TRUMAN S. FULLER, OF SCHENECTADY, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO GENERAL ELECTRIC COIPANY, A CORPORATION 01 NEW YORK.
ELECTRICAL CONTACT.
Application filed October 30, 1923. Serial No. 671,785.
The present invention relates to electrical make and break contacts, as for example, the vibratory contacts in an ignition system for an internal combustion engine.
5 When refractory metals such, for example, as tungsten or molybdenum are utilized as tips for make and break contacts, the pellets of refractory metal between which the en'- cuit is broken have been secured by a layer 1 of copper to a base or tack of steel, or other metal suitable for riveting, which solidly binds the tip of refractory metal to the base to make a unitary structure. As described in Coolidge Patent 1,181,741, of May 2, 191$,
the brazing of the tip and base by copper 1s carried out by interposing copper as a thm plate between the contact tip and the base and then melting the copper in a hydrogen atmosphere.
Althoug copper is entirely satisfactory to produce a strong joint, great care must be exercised not to permit any excess of copper to remain on the contacting face or on the sides of the contact disk of refractory metal as this will cause arcing at the contacts during subsequent operation accompanied by overheating and burning of the contact points. This tendency of copper to cause arcing when present upon the contacting surfaces necessitated a separate grinding operation in the manufacture of make and break contacts. But even a careful removal of copper from the contact disk did not always obviate the dangerof arcing, as copper sometimes worked through cracks in the contact disk to the contact face and caused arcing.
I have discovered that when the brazing metal in an electrical contact is constituted by a suitable alloy of silver and copper that no arcing occurs when the brazing alloys remain on the face of the contact disk, or creeps on the contact face during operation of the contact.
The accompanying drawing illustrates a contact embodying my invention, Fig. 1 showing the parts before assembly, and Fig. 2 the completed contact.
Although the base whereby a contact is attached may consist wholly of soft metal, as silver-copper alloy in the present instance, I shall describe my invention as applied to the manufacture of contacts having a base of other metal.
Referring to the drawing, the disk 1 of silver-cop er alloy is interposed between the contact disk 2 and the stem or support 3. The silver alloy may contain from about 15 to 28 per cent copper, the lower content of copper of this range being preferred. The contact disk may consist of tungsten, molybdenum, or other refractory metal. The base 3 ordinarily consists of soft steel, but to advantage may consist of copper or bronze which have a higher heat conductivit than steel. The contact parts thusassemb ed are heated to the melting point of the brazing materials while held on a suitable form or support, preferably consisting of graphite in a furnace provided with an atmosphere of filling of hydrogen, as described in Coolidge Patent 1,181,741.
The silver-copper alloy readily wets' both the tip of tungsten or other refractory metal and the base of iron or steel in the presence of a reducing gas. The mechanical properties of the completed contact containing an interjacent brazinglayer of silver-copper alloy are substantially the same as a contact containing a brazing film of copper while as already indicated no grinding or other finishing step is required to remove excess brazing material, and no difficulty is experienced by brazing metal working through cracks of the contact disk to the face of the contact.
What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is,
1. An electrical make and break contact comprising a contact head having a substantially fiat surface and a parallel, substantially flat backing therefor consisting of an alloy of silver and copper, said backing being joined to said head by fusion.
2. An electrical make and break contact comprising a contact head of refractory metal, a base and an alloy of silver and copper uniting said head and base by fusion said alloy consisting largely of silver and containing not more than 28% of copper.
3. An electrical make and break contact comprising a contact head of refractory metal having a substantially flat surface, a base consisting of cuprous metal, said base having a substantially flat surface, and an alloy of silver and copper interposed between said flat surfaces to unite said head and base. 4. An electrical make and break contact comprising a. contact head of n0n-arcing,'1-efractory material and a backing material consisting of an alloy of 85 to 72% parts silver and about 15 to 28 per cent copper.
5. An electrical make and break contact comprising a head of tungsten, a base of 10 copper and an interjacent layer of silvercopper alloy containing at' least about 72 parts silver. I
In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this 29th day of October, 1923.
TRUMAN S. FULLER.
US671785A 1923-10-30 1923-10-30 Electrical contact Expired - Lifetime US1658713A (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US671785A US1658713A (en) 1923-10-30 1923-10-30 Electrical contact
GB25784/24A GB224230A (en) 1923-10-30 1924-10-29 Improvements in and relating to electrical contacts

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US671785A US1658713A (en) 1923-10-30 1923-10-30 Electrical contact

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Cited By (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2456933A (en) * 1943-11-25 1948-12-21 Gen Electric Brazing alloy
US2464533A (en) * 1947-05-21 1949-03-15 Thomas R Shearer Positive contact ignition assembly
US2508465A (en) * 1944-03-18 1950-05-23 Westinghouse Electric Corp Lined metal tube and method of manufacture
US2799081A (en) * 1952-09-24 1957-07-16 Gibson Electric Company Electrical contacts
US2922028A (en) * 1957-11-25 1960-01-19 Union Carbide Corp Electric arc electrodes
US3000085A (en) * 1958-06-13 1961-09-19 Westinghouse Electric Corp Plating of sintered tungsten contacts
US3010198A (en) * 1953-02-16 1961-11-28 Gen Motors Corp Joining titanium and titanium-base alloys to high melting metals
US3802062A (en) * 1973-01-23 1974-04-09 Duerrwaechter E Dr Doduco PROCESS OF PRODUCING SOLDERABLE COMPOSITES CONTAINING AgCdO
US3935988A (en) * 1973-07-05 1976-02-03 Eugen Durrwachter Doduco Process of producing solderable composites containing AgCdO
US4017266A (en) * 1974-04-24 1977-04-12 General Instrument Corporation Process for making a brazed lead electrode, and product thereof
US4053728A (en) * 1975-10-24 1977-10-11 General Electric Company Brazed joint between a beryllium-base part and a part primarily of a metal that is retractable with beryllium to form a brittle intermetallic compound
US4246321A (en) * 1978-12-20 1981-01-20 Chugai Denki Kogya Kabushiki-Kaisha Ag-SnO Alloy composite electrical contact
US4417119A (en) * 1981-06-22 1983-11-22 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Liquid joint process
US4499778A (en) * 1981-02-03 1985-02-19 Northrop Corporation Flexure mount assembly for a dynamically tuned gyroscope and method of manufacturing same
US4633567A (en) * 1983-01-03 1987-01-06 Amerace Corporation Method and apparatus for making a tool
US5367195A (en) * 1993-01-08 1994-11-22 International Business Machines Corporation Structure and method for a superbarrier to prevent diffusion between a noble and a non-noble metal
CN104117748A (en) * 2014-08-19 2014-10-29 郑州机械研究所 High-voltage power transmission and transformation contact and welding method thereof
USD863222S1 (en) * 2019-07-30 2019-10-15 Twisted Ideas, Inc. Conductive pin
US10756453B2 (en) 2018-08-20 2020-08-25 Twisted Ideas, Inc. Quick connection system
USD931217S1 (en) * 2015-04-08 2021-09-21 Sonos, Inc. Power plug
US12592507B2 (en) 2022-03-28 2026-03-31 Antronix Inc. High frequency receptacle for cable TV pin connector

Cited By (24)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2456933A (en) * 1943-11-25 1948-12-21 Gen Electric Brazing alloy
US2508465A (en) * 1944-03-18 1950-05-23 Westinghouse Electric Corp Lined metal tube and method of manufacture
US2464533A (en) * 1947-05-21 1949-03-15 Thomas R Shearer Positive contact ignition assembly
US2799081A (en) * 1952-09-24 1957-07-16 Gibson Electric Company Electrical contacts
US3010198A (en) * 1953-02-16 1961-11-28 Gen Motors Corp Joining titanium and titanium-base alloys to high melting metals
US2922028A (en) * 1957-11-25 1960-01-19 Union Carbide Corp Electric arc electrodes
US3000085A (en) * 1958-06-13 1961-09-19 Westinghouse Electric Corp Plating of sintered tungsten contacts
US3802062A (en) * 1973-01-23 1974-04-09 Duerrwaechter E Dr Doduco PROCESS OF PRODUCING SOLDERABLE COMPOSITES CONTAINING AgCdO
US3935988A (en) * 1973-07-05 1976-02-03 Eugen Durrwachter Doduco Process of producing solderable composites containing AgCdO
US4017266A (en) * 1974-04-24 1977-04-12 General Instrument Corporation Process for making a brazed lead electrode, and product thereof
US4053728A (en) * 1975-10-24 1977-10-11 General Electric Company Brazed joint between a beryllium-base part and a part primarily of a metal that is retractable with beryllium to form a brittle intermetallic compound
US4246321A (en) * 1978-12-20 1981-01-20 Chugai Denki Kogya Kabushiki-Kaisha Ag-SnO Alloy composite electrical contact
US4499778A (en) * 1981-02-03 1985-02-19 Northrop Corporation Flexure mount assembly for a dynamically tuned gyroscope and method of manufacturing same
US4417119A (en) * 1981-06-22 1983-11-22 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Liquid joint process
US4633567A (en) * 1983-01-03 1987-01-06 Amerace Corporation Method and apparatus for making a tool
US5367195A (en) * 1993-01-08 1994-11-22 International Business Machines Corporation Structure and method for a superbarrier to prevent diffusion between a noble and a non-noble metal
US5420073A (en) * 1993-01-08 1995-05-30 International Business Machines Corporation Structure and method for a superbarrier to prevent diffusion between a noble and a non-noble metal
CN104117748A (en) * 2014-08-19 2014-10-29 郑州机械研究所 High-voltage power transmission and transformation contact and welding method thereof
CN104117748B (en) * 2014-08-19 2016-10-19 郑州机械研究所 A kind of high voltage power transmission and transforming contact and welding method thereof
USD931217S1 (en) * 2015-04-08 2021-09-21 Sonos, Inc. Power plug
US10756453B2 (en) 2018-08-20 2020-08-25 Twisted Ideas, Inc. Quick connection system
US11264738B2 (en) 2018-08-20 2022-03-01 Twisted Ideas, Inc. Quick connection system
USD863222S1 (en) * 2019-07-30 2019-10-15 Twisted Ideas, Inc. Conductive pin
US12592507B2 (en) 2022-03-28 2026-03-31 Antronix Inc. High frequency receptacle for cable TV pin connector

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB224230A (en) 1925-06-04

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