US1657134A - Apparatus for regulating the mixture of gases - Google Patents

Description

Jan. 24,1928.

T. A. PEEBLES APPARATUS FOR REGULATING THE MIXTURE 0F GASES Filed Dec. 24. 1924 all Y O l II'lllllllllllll t I ////l l/ I, l/ I PATENT OFFICE.

THOMAS A. PEEBLES, OF PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA.

APPARATUS FOR BEGULATING THE MIXTURE OI GASES- Applicatlon filed December 24, 1924. Serial No. 757,958.

' The invention described herein relates to certain improvements in mechanism for ensuring a suflicient supply of air for the combustion of gases in a furnace. Gasesfor heating purposes are obtained from coking ovens, blast furnaces, roducers, etc. As is well known to those s illed in the art, the pressure of'gases from these-sources will vary from time, to time and frequently the change of pressure will be large and occur suddenly, and means must be provided for adjusting the air supply in accordance with such changes of pressure of the gas. For purposes of descrlption, the normal supply pressure of the gas may be considere as our pounds and the pressure of the air for combustion as about two inches water column or aboutone and one-half to two ounces. The type of mechanism in general use for controlling the admixture of gas and air for combustion, when the difference between am and gas is not great, consists of I chine above described, t

two inverted cups having their open ends immersed in a liquid i. e., water or oil, in a tank, the cups being suspended from the ends of a lever so that the movement of one cup will cause an opposite movement of the other. The lever is adapted to control the operation of mechanism forregulatin the flow of the The areas 0 tional to the normal ressure of air and gas on the bells so thatt e pressure in one hell will counterbalance -that in the other and their relative positions will not change exce t on a change of pressure in. one of the be ls. Such a construction cannot be em ployed where the gas has a pressure greatly in excess of that of the air, as if sat a ressure considerably above that o the air e introduced into the as cup of the mal ie water within the will be forcedout and the gas escape hence when using high gas pressure provision must be made for the formation of liquid column outside of the cup of sufiicient height to counterbalance a gas pressure a little greater than the maximum pressure of the gas. If the pressure of gas is four pounds and the cup immersed in water or oil, the cup must be made of such a length that when gas at four pounds is admitted to the cup the column of liquid dueto difference between the levels of the water 'or oil .in and outside of the cup will be sufiicient to counterbalance the gas pressure. In other depth of immersion being dependent on the gas or air. the closed ends 0 the .bells are inversely proporthan the pressure of the air in the words, when water or oil is employed to seal the cup, the latter must have such a length and be immersed to such a depth that by the pressure of the gas in the on a. I!v

water or oil column about nine feet in height will be formed outside of the cup in order to prevent the escape of gas from the cup.

Many objections have been encountered in the manufacture and use of an apparatus 66 embodying the features above described and the object of the invention described herein is to providefor counterbalancing two diifcrin pressures by liquid columns approximate y e ual in height and consists in im- 7 mersing t e cups in liquids difierin in specific gravity proportional to the ifl'erenc'e in pressure of the air and as. The invention is hereinafter more ful y described and 7 claimed. In the accompanying drawings Figure 1 1s a partial sectional view of a re lator con-.

structed in accordance with one orm of this invention and Fi 2 is a diagrammatic view showing the regu ator operatively arranged with gas and air supply pipes.

In the practice of the invention, an inverted cup or bell 1 is immersed for a suitable distance in a liquid, as oil or water, the

pressure of the air admitted to the interior of the cup or hell through a nozzle 2. This bell is suspended from one end of a lever 8 and from the opposite end of said lever is' suspended a bell or inverted cup 4, the parts ends of the bells are inversely proportioned 08 to the respective normal pressures carried in these bells. It will be readily understood that if the bells or cups were immersed, an equal distance into the same liquid, or two li %uids having approximately the same spe- 01 c gravity and the gas admitted into the eater ll 1, the liquid in the hell 4 would be forced out hell 4' at a pressure substantially allowing the gas to escape. In machines of this type, movements of the bells as the pressure changes, should be equal and comparatively small, and it would be impracticable to make the bell 4 of sufiicient length as to permit of its immersion such a distance as to prevent the liquid being forced out of the bell when the pressure of gas is greater -merse than that of the air. In order to prevent the blowin out of the liquid as above stated, the bel 4 in which the higher pressure is maintained is immersed in a liquid having a hi her specific gravity than that of the liqul in which the air bell is immersed. If the liquid for the gas bell has a s ecific gravity greater than that of the other iquid 1n the ratio or the pressures in the air and gas bells, the displacement of the two liquids y the air and gas will form columns of substantially the same height.

As for example, if the bell 1 be immersed in oil and the pressure of air in the bell is two or three ounces, thebell 4 in which a normal gas pressure of four pounds is maintained the liquid in which the hell 4 is imshould have a specific gravity greater than that of the other liquid proportional to the relative pressure of the air and gas, so that two columns of a liquid will be normally substantially equal. In the embodiment of the invention set forth herein, the air bell is immersed in either oil or water which do not differ greatly in specific gravity, and the gas bell 4 is immersed 1n mercury, the specific gravity of which has approximately the same relation ,to that of the water or oil asthe two pressures in the bells.

In the construction shown herein which has been found desirable, the hell or inverted cup is located at one end of a tank 7 containing either oil or water, while the chamber 5 containing mercury, as arranged at the opposite end of thetank, the lever 3 from which the bells are suspended, is secured to a beam arranged transversely of the tank and pivotally supported about mid way of its length. As previously stated, the areas of the closed ends of the respective balls are nearly proportional to the pressures normally maintained therein so that the bells will be approximately in alinement.

The chamber 5 is made of such. a length and so arranged within. the tank that its opgn upper end will project far enough, 9. ve the normal level of the oil or water in the tank," that the displacement of the water or oil in the hell 1 will not raise the water a in the tank above the upper end of the chamber. It is preferred that the chamber 5 and the nozzle 6 should be integrally connected at their lower ends. The gas pipe 8 is connected by suitable means to the lower end of the nozzle which projects upwardly in the chamber a substantial distance above the maximum level attained bythe mercury, by reason of its displacement from the bell.

As the changes in pressure ofthe gas are considerable and occur suddenly, provision should be made for sudden and extreme movements of the hell 4. Suitable means to that end consist of an inverted cup or bell 9 enclosing the chamber 5 and movable with i seem movements of the bells, the bell 9 is provi ed with a et cook 10 whereby the flow of air into and from the hell 9 can be regulated, thereby insuring gradual movements of the bells. In order to effectively transmit the movements of the bells to means controlling the flow of air, the lever 3 is connected to a motor mechanism preferably constructed as shown whereb incremental movements of the air control ing mechanism is ensured.

While any suitable form or construction of mechanism may be employed for connecting the lever 3 to mechanisms controlling the flow of gas and air to the point of mixing, it is preferred to employ the construction shown herein. 7

The regulating mechanism herein illustrated for shifting the valves in the fluid lines for the purpose of varying the pressure of one or the other, or both, of said fluids may be replaced b any suitable regulating mechanism capa le of responding to the movements of a lever such as the lever 3. Such a regulating a paratus has been illustrated and described y me in my Patent No. 1,338,956 of May 4, 1920, and consequently, I have avoided anything but a more or less general description, in this application, since it will be understood that the regulator functions in substantially the same way as the one disclosed inthe patent and controls the valve or similar mechanism in the manner disclosed by the patent.

The lever 3 is connected bya rod*11 to an -arm 12 pivotally supported at 13. On this arm ispivotally mounted a bell crank lever having an arm 14 connected to the valve stem 15 of the pilot valve mechanism 16 while the other arm 17 of the bell crank lever is connected by a link 18 to a swinging post 19. On a change of pressure in either of the bells 1 or 4, the arm 12 will be shifted up or down, carrying with it the bell crank lever whereby the motion will be transmitted through the stem 15 to the movable memberof the valve mechanism 16. This valve mechanism is connected in a suitable manner to opposite ends of the cylinder 20. By the admission of fluid pressure the piston of said cylinder will be moved up or down and as such piston is mechanism controlling the flow of gas or on the respective bells.

' of each seal being air and thelatter will be shifted towards open or closed position. In order to limit the movement of the frame 22 a compensating mechanism is employed. This compensating mechanism consists of the swing ing post 19 which is connected as hereinbefore described, by ;'a link 18 to the bell crank lever, and. has pivoted thereto an angularlg'y arranged bar 23. This bar is adaptedto slide along a shoe 24 secured to the frame 12. In practice this bar has been adjusted at an angle to the axis of the cylinder dependent upon the incremental movements desired to be imparted to the piston and frame. As the frame moves upward, the shoe will slide along the angularly arranged bar and thereby shift the swinging post to the right or left. By the movement of this post, the bell crank lever will be correspondingly shifted and the valve mechanism in the pilot valve will be moved to a reverse position, i. e., towards closed position, from that imparted to it by the movement of the bells.

\Vhile the invention has been described in connection with the formation of a combustible mixture of gas and air, it will be understood that the apparatus can be employed in forming a mixture or any two gaseous elements. i

I claim herein as my invention:

1. Apparatus for regulating the delivery of one fluid in response to relative variations between the pressure of that and another fluid maintained at a substantially different pressure, comprising a pivoted lever, inverted bells secured to said lever on opposite sides of the pivot point thereof, connections for admitting one fluid pressure to the in-' terior of one bell'and the other fluid pressure to the interior of the other bell, said bells being so proportioned as to eflective area exposed to the fluid pressure therein contained that their efiective areas are approximately inversely proportional to the pressures of the. two fluid pressures acting on the respective bells, a liquid seal for the bell. to which the lower fluid pressure is delivered, and a liqu d seal for the other bell. the liquids of 'saidseals being respec,.

tively such that their specific gravities are approximately proportional to the pressures of the respective fluid, and means actuated by the tilting of said lever for controlling the pressureof one of said fluids.

2. Apparatus for regulating the pressure of a fluid. comprising two counteracting inverted bells, each exposed to a separate fluid under pressure. the effective areas of said bells being approximately inversely proportional to the pressures of the flu ds acting a separate liquid seal of each bell, the liquid such that the specific gravities of the liquids of the seals of the for the lower edge projecting into the li larger bell, and having respectivebells are approximately directly proportional to the flui pressures acting on the respective bells, and means actuated by k the movement of said bells in response to a a variation in one or the other fluid pressure for controlling the variation of pressure of one of said fluids. v

3. Apparatus for regulating the pressure.

comprising two counteracting inverted bells, a separate liquid seal for each bell, and one hell being substantially smaller than the other, an inverted bell inclosin the smaller, moving with both said bells, an

quid of the seal of the a restricted port formed therein above level of said liquid, and means actuated by the movement of said bells for controlling the pressure of the fluid delivered to one of the bells.

4. Apparatus for regulating the pressure of a fluid, comprising two counteracting inverted bells, a separate liquid for sealing the edge of each bell, one bell being substantially smaller than the other, a third bell of substantially the same size as the lar er of said bells and having its ed e sealed %y the sealing liquid of the larger ell, and having an achustable port formed therein above the level of the sealing liquid, a pivoted lever on which all of said bells are mounted, and means actuated by said lever for controlling the pressure of the fluid delivered to one of said bells.

5. Apparatus for regulating the delivery of one of the components of a combustible mixture of gas and air 'where the gas is maintained at a pressure substantially higher than the air, which comprises two counteracting, connected, inverted bells, each projecting into a separate liquid formin a 1i uid seal, the specific gravity of said liqmds being approximately directly means for introducing air under gas under pressure into the bell sealed by the heavier of the two liquids, and means responsive to the movement of the bells occasioned by avariation in the pressure 0 the gas or air for controlling the delivery of one of the two fluids at the point of their mixture.

6. Apparatus for regulating the delivery of i one of the components of a combustible mixture of gas and air where the gaseous fluids constituting said mixture are maintalned at substantially diflerent'pressures, which comprises two -counteracting, connected, inverted bells, each projecting into a separate liquid forming a liquid seal for the edge of the associated bell,

proportional to the pressures of the componentsof the combustible mixture, means or the specific gravities of I, said liquids being substantially directly nee-mu introducing into the bell sealed by the lighter of the two liquids a fluid ressure corresponding to the pressure of t e lowpressure component, means for introducing into the other hell :1 pressure corresponding to the pressure of the high-pressure component, t inversely pro therein norma e effective areas of said bells bemg ortional to the pressures y contained, and means actuated by the movement of the bells in re- 10 sponse to variations in the pressures therein contained for controlling the delivery of one of said components at the point of m xture.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand. i

moms A. PEEBLES.

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