US1653287A

US1653287A - Fuel-feeding device for internal-combustion engines

Info

Publication number: US1653287A
Application number: US497543A
Authority: US
Inventors: Johnson Eric
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1921-09-01
Filing date: 1921-09-01
Publication date: 1927-12-20
Anticipated expiration: 1944-12-20

Description

Dec. 20,' 1927.

E. JoHNsoN FUEL EEEDING DEVICE FOR 'INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Z" .3 INVENTR:

726 /fsa/i l BY m ATTORNEY vPatented Dec. 20, 1927.

UNITED STATES ERIC' JOHNSON, v0F SEATTLE, WASHINGTON.

FUEL-.FEEDING DEVICE FOR. INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES.

Application led September 1, 1921. Serial 170.497,543.

This invention relatesv to fuel o il injection apparatus for internal combustion engines of the Diesel type, and its object, generally, is the improvement of devices of this character.

Another object of my invention s'to 'provide apparatus which may be adjusted to govern the time and quantity of fuel feed according to the duty of the engine and to l0 regulate its speed'. A

Other objects and advantages of the invention will appear from the following description.

The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which,

Figure 1 is a side sectional elevation of an internal combustion' engine with an embodiment of my invention applied thereto. Fig. 2 is a detail longitudinal sectional view of the fuel oil injector and a portion of the engine cylinder. Fig. 3 is a-side elevation, partly in section, of the oil feed pump and the mechanism for operating and regulating the action of the same. Fig. 4 is a view partly in side elevation and partly in section lof the pressure accumulator which controls the feed inlet valve.

In said drawings, the reference numeral 5 repesents `the cylinder of a vertical engine provided with a reciprocating piston 6 and having the usual lair intake and exhaust valves which may be operated as by means of levers and rods, such as 7 and 8, from a cam shaft 9.

According to the present invention I pro"- vide, preferably in the cylinder head 10, a`

tubular guide or casinY 11 having as shown in Fig. 2, a bore 12 an a counter bore 13.

Supported upon an annular shoulder at the bottom of the bore 12 is a nozzle`14 having 'one or more discharge openings, such as 15, which are closed by means of aV tting in an externally screw threaded bush-y ing 2() engaged for axial adjustments in a threaded aperture of a yoke 21. This yoke is secured, as by means of stud bolts 22 to the cylinder head 10 and serves to retain the casing 1l. in place within said head.

V The accumulator is normally slightly composition may be regulated by suitably adjusting the bushing 20.

Said valve stem yis provided with an oil duct 27 extending from its upper end to branch out1ets'28 adjacent to the Valve and communicating with the chamber of a hol- 'low bellows member 29, hereinafter designated as the fluid pressure accumulator. This fluid pressure accumulator is connected by non-leakable or ground joints at its upper and lower ends respectively with the valve stem and the nozzle and has a contact' bearing against each. As best shown in Fig. 4, the fluid pressure accumulator 29 is of a substantially cylindrical shape formedy with alternating circumferential ridges 30 and grooves 31, said ridges being provided interiorly with recesses 32. The accumulator 29 is resilient and normally contracted, and, by its peculiar nature and shape, it is expansible axially to effect the instantaneous unseating of the valve 16 when the accumulatoris subjected to an internal pressure sufficient to expand 4the same and overcome the power of the spring 23.`A Oil is supplied to the through the duct 27 in the stem 17, which latter is connected by a feed pipe 33 with an oil pump 34.v Said pump is of the type known as force pump having a. plunger 35, see Fig. 3, whose suction strokes in the illusaccumulator' trated embodiment are produced by aretract-ile spring 36 and the oil ejecting strokes by means of a lever 37 which is actuated` through the instrumentality of a cam v38` on the engine cam shaft 9. 39 represents a roller provided on said' lever to' reduce the friction between the lever and cam.

As illustratedthe cam is provided with a periphery including a relatively long surface 40 concentric with the shaft axis and' a recessA 41 into whichl the roller 39 retreats n in the successive rotations of the cam.

The quantity of oil delivered from the pump through the feedpipe 33 is, moreover. dependent upon the' extent of'movement of lever 37 which movement is, in turn, gow

erned by the distance, radially of the cam, which the roller 39 is permitted to enter the recess 4l.

To vary the oil feed I provide the lever With a projection 42 which is engageable by an adjustable stop which is, preferably, in the nature of a set screw 43 extending throu h a controlling arm 44 which is ad- ]ustab y mounted on the pivot support 45 for the lever- 37.. A regulating screw 46 extending through a threaded hole in the arm 44 and against a post 4T serves to position the stop 43 with respect to the-lever projection 42.

48 represents a spring acting in opposition to the regulating screw 46 to enable the lever to be controlled thereby. e

The arm 44 is also provided with a socket 49 for a handle, indicated by broken lines 50, for operating the lever manually to actuate the pump as, for example, to prime the engine preparatory to running the same.

The invention operates as follows: The fuel oil is forced by the pump plunger through the feed pi e 33 andthe duct 27 of the valve stem 1 into the accumulator 29 to ultimately communicate a. suiliciently high pressure within the latter to effect the longitudinal expansion of the accumulator in opposition to the spring 23, thereby unseating the valve 16 to enable a charge of oil to be instantaneously delivered at a high pressure from the accumulator in the form of a spray into the cylinder 5. The pressure under which the oil is discharged must be greater than the contractile power of the accumulator and the effective power of the spring 23 tending to maintain the valve upon its seat.

Immediately after such an ejection of oil, the oil pressure Within the accumulator is reduced, whereupon the resiliency of the accumulator acts to contract the same to permit the closing movement of the valve 16. Such closing movement of the valve is facilitated by the action of the spring 23.

By suitablyadjusting the valve closing spring 23, or the lever stop screw 43 and the regulating screw 46, the accumulator is accordingly influenced to effect the delivery of a charge of fuel oil into the engine cylmder responsive to one or morel delivery strokes selectively' of the pump plunger whereby the fuel charges may be varied as to quantity and occurrence.

By thus adjustin the spring 23 and the plunger-,stroke regu ating means the plunger strokes are rendered effective to fulfill-several important functions, that is to saywith relatively short plunger strokes' more than one delivery stroke is essential to pro-4 duce the requisite pressure in the accumulator to deliver a charge to the engine cyl inder; a longer plunger stroke will supply normal charges to the engine cylinder at or near the termination of every delivery stroke of the plunger; while still' longer plunger strokes may be employed to deliver an abnormally large fuel charge to the engine cylinder during each delivery stroke of the plunger by reason of the influence of the plunger bein extended considerably beyond' It is to be understood, however, that I do not desire to be confined to the specific construction shown and described, for modifications in the details may be made within the scope of the following claims.

What I claim, is,-

1. In a fuel feeding device for internal combustion engines of' the Diesel type, an apertured nozzle,'a spring-seated valve controlling tlie apertures of the nozzle and having a slidably mounted stem formed with an enlargement, and a resilient normally contracted axially expansible fluid pressure accumulator in the form of a bellows surrounding the valve, said fluid pressure accumulator being interposed between and bearing at its ends respectively against the nozzle and the enlargement of the valve stem to have non-leakable joints with the same, said valve stem having a. fuel duct adapted for connection with a source of supply of fuel under pressure and opening within said fluid pressure accumulator, the arrangement being such that a predetermined high pressure of fuel in said fluid pressure accumulator will axially expand the latter to instantaneously move the valve and open the apertures of the nozzle.

2. In a fuel feeding device for internal combustion engines of the Diesel type, a tubular casing adapted to be secured to the engine, an apertured nozzle inde endent of and located in one end of sai casing, a valve controlling the apertures of the nozzle and having a stem slidably guided in the casing, a resilient normally contracted and axially expansible fluidy pressure accumulator in the form of a bellows surrounding the valve within said casing, said fluid pressure accumulator being engaged at one end with said nozzle and operatively connected at its other end to said valve stem, said valve stem having a fuel duct adapted for connection with a source of supply of fuel under pressure and opening within said Huid pressure accumulator, and a spring acting to normally seat the valve for closing the apertures of the nozzle, the arrangement being such that a predetermined high pressure of fuel in said fluid' pressureaccumulator will axially expand the latter to instantaneously move the valve and open the apertures of the nozzle.

'form of a bellows surrounding the valve within said guide, said fluid pressure ac' cumulator being vvinterposed between and bearing at its ends respectively against the nozzle and the enlargement of the valve stem to have non-leakable 'oints with the same, a yoke enga ed with t e other end of said guide and a apted for attachment to the engine to secure the device in operative position, a bushing adjustable through the yoke and through which the va'lve stem slidably projects, and a compression sprin surrounding the valve stem within sai guide and interposed between the enlargement of the valve stem and said bushing to normally seat the valve with a pressure determined by the adjustment of the bushing, said valve stem having a fuel duct adapted for connection with a source of supply offuel under pressure and opening within said fluid pressure accumulator.

4. In a fuel feedin device for internal combustion Iengines o the Diesel t pe, an apertured nozzle, ai spr'ihig-seate valve controlling the apertures of the nozzle and n having a slidably mounted stem, a resilient normally contracted and axially ex ansible fluid pressure accumulator in the orm of al bellows surrounding the valve, said fluid ressure accumulator having non-leakable ]oints at its ends respectively with the noz'- zle and the valve stem, the accumulator and the valve seatin -spring having such contractile power t at a predetermined high pressure is required in the accumulator to cause the same to axially expand to instantaneously move the valve and open the apertures of the nozzle and means to facilitate supply of fuel under pressure into the accumulator and the nozzle.

5. In a fuel feedin device for internal combustion en ines o the Diesel t pe, an apertured nozz e, a spring seated va ve controlling vthe apertures of the nozzle, a resilient normally contracted and expansible fluid pressure accumulator operativelyy associated with the' valve for instantaneously opening the latter when expanded, said fluid pressure accumulator and the valve nseating spring having such contractile power that a predetermined high pressure 1s required in the accumulator to expand the latter and open the valve, and means to facilitate supply of fuel under pressure into the accumulator and the nozzle.

Signed at Seattle, Washington, this 26th day of August, v1921.n

ERIC JOHNSON.