US1645724A

US1645724A - Electrical regulating system

Info

Publication number: US1645724A
Application number: US693035A
Authority: US
Inventors: Springer Franklin Wesley
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1924-02-15
Filing date: 1924-02-15
Publication date: 1927-10-18
Anticipated expiration: 1944-10-18

Description

F. W. SPRINGER ELECTRICAL REGULATING SYSTEIVIv Oct. 18, 1927.

Filed Feb.

VD] D2 Fig.3

gwuentoz Patented Oct. 18, 1 927.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FRANKLIN WESLEY SPRINGER, OF MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA. Y

ELECTRICAL REGULATING SYSTEM.

1 Application filed February which the relay may be made to function at all times at its maximum efficiency and effectiveness, without precise and troublesome adjustments.

Another object of the invention residesin using in conjunctlon with said relay means whereby -.the current or voltage may be quickly varied .as

required, without changes of the relay.

Another object of the invention is to provide means whereby the character of the delivered current may be changedquicklyas desired-without disturbing the relay adjustments, which meansmay be positioned at the switchboard and operated by .remote control.

A still further object of the lnvent-ion'resides in providing means. whereby a constant current or voltage is delivered to the relay actuating coil from the line to be regulated,

fluctuations of which cause the relay to become operated; and in addition to provide means for varying the current .or potential ot" the sources of electric supply, together with: means for controlling said regulating meansso as to del'ver a normally constant voltage or cuirrent t the coil of said relay.

The full objects and advantages of my invention will be found in the detailed description thereof and are particu'larlypointinvention applied to a constant voltage, di

ed out in the claims.

In the drawings illustrating my "invention in one form: Y I Figure 1 is a wiring diagram showing my invention applied to a constant voltage, al-

. I ternating current system.

Figure 2 1s a wiring diagram showing the invention applied to a constant current 211-' ternating current system.

Figure 3 1s a wiring dlagram showing my rect current system.-

Figure 4 is a wiring diagram showing my 15, 1924. Serial No. 693,035.

invention applied to a constant current, direct current system.

In the regulation of distribution systems em loying a relay for this purpose it is big ly desirable to have the relay operate at the one setting which makes the relay most eflicient and effective and produces the best results. WVhen once this setting has been secured it is preferable not to disturb the same. In ordinary systems if this setting does not give the exact degree of re ulation desired it becomes necessary to read ust the relay until such a re ulation as is desired can be had. It does not always" follow that.

when the desired regulation 1 has been ob tained that the relay is operatlng mostefl'ectively and efficiently. .VVith my invention the" relay may be set to so operate and the current or voltage thereafter "varied to pro; duce the results desired. v Q

My invention is particularly adapted to be used in conjunction with constant voltage, alternating current systems and, may be so applied thata number of different voltages.

may be secured from thesystem, which are at all times maintained constant.

, In the installationshown in Figure 1, I have illustrated a three-phase sup ly line L L and L which'may be .supplie by any three-phase generator,which is well known in the art and need not be illustrated in this application, and which is adapted to supply a substantially constant voltage varying within fixed limits depending upon the in- .herent characteristics of the machine, upon fluctuations of the speed. and upon fluctuations ofthe load taken care of by the same.

' The line L L L is connected to a regulat-ing'transformer R which in turn is connected to a distribution line 'D D and D bymeans of which the electrical energy may be distributed to the oints to which the loads are to be supplied to thegsystem.

The transformer R may be of ordinary construction such. as illustrated in the drawing. This transformer consists of." three airs of primary coils A A ,}B B C and 2 which may be, connected together in-series by means of leads 10, shown in full lines, The coils A '-A B 'B and C -C are mounted in fixed relation within the which are secured to a s'haft*13 and are adapted to be rotated relative to the said I fixed coils so that the relative interlinkage of the lines of force resulting from the field thereof may be varied at will by the rotation of shaft13 to'vary the voltage or current in G forming the primary of the regulating transformer R are energized, which coils through the inductive properties of the transformer transfer the energy .to the coils A, B and C which being connected in the lines L, L and L cause the voltage of the sameto be increased or decreased depending upon the relative position of shaft 13 and t e coils E, F, G to said coils A, B, C. It can readily be seen that by proper positioning of the said shaft that any desired voltage within the range of the device can be produced in line D -D D For operating the shaft 13 an electric motor M is employed, which is diagrammatically indicated in the figure in which it is illustrated as having a gear 22 attached thereto, whichmeshes with a gear 23 fast upon the shaft 13. As motor M rotates therelative positions of the primaryvand secondary coils of transformer R are caused to bevaried so that the regulation desired may be obtained. For starting and stopping the motor M a switch S is employed which has four

fixed contacts

24, 25, 26 and 2'? and two movable contacts 28 and 29' adapted to make contact therewith. The contacts 28 and 29 are insulated from and attached to two plunger-s 30 and 31 which are attracted by two

magnet coils

32 and 33 associated therewith.

The motor M isillustrated as a threephase motor, This motor M is connected up to the switch S as follows: Three leads 34, 35 and '36 are shown, of which the

leads

34 and 36 are directly connected to the movable contaets 28 and 29. The other lead 35 is directl connected to the lead 1'? which is connecte to the line L The other two terminals of the

lines

16 and 17 have connected to them two leads 37 and 38. The

lead 37 is connected to contact 24 and also to contact 26, while the lead 38 is connected i to contact 27 and to contact 25. With this arrangement it can readily be understood that when the plunger 31 is attracted contacts 28 and 29are caused to come in contact with the

contacts

24 and 25, thereby cans ing the motor M to rotate in one direction, and when the plunger 30 is attracted by the coil 33 the contacts 28 and 29 are causedto come in contact with the contacts 26 and 27, which causes the current in the two- "circuit 38,

r the movable M. to travel in the opposite direction, With this arrangement the primary coils of'thetransformerR may be rotated in either direction to increase or decrease the

compenleads

34 and 36 to be reversed and the motor I sating effect of the secondary coils thereof being arranged at its other end to make contact with either of two

fixed contacts

42 and 43. The coil 41, as will be presently described, becomes actuated upon fluctuations of the line voltage, causing the arm A 39 to make contact with either of the con tacts .42 or 43. In conjunction with the contacts 42 and 43 I employ two

coils

45 and 46 which have connected in series with them a resistance 4} by means of

leads

48 and 49. These coils are further connected by

leads

50 and 51 to the

coils

32 and 33 of the switch S. In addition, two jumper leads 52 and 53 are employed which are connected to the

leads

51 and 50 at their points of contact to

coils

45 and 46 and which connect to the

fixed contacts

42 and 43. By means of these jumper leads circuits can be made when the arm 39 is operated which shunt these-coils and render the same, ineffective for the purpose desired.

Coils

45 and 46 are adapted to attract the ends of the arm 39 when energized and to thereby prevent the device from chattering and maintain either the

contact

42 or 43 closed durlng the period'over which the motor 1% is operating. A circuit 54-- 55 connects the arm 39 and an intermediate point on the resistance-47 with the conductors D and D respectively of the mam line.

As the relayH is operated the following circuits are completed: WVhen arm 39 makes contact with contact 42.current flows from line D through circuit 54, arm 39, contact 42, jumper lead 52, lead 51, coil 33, nd circuit 16 to L the effect of contact with the fixed contacts 27 and 26, thereby causing the motor M to operate and vary the angularity of the movable coils loo llU

Thishas energizing coil 33 which causes" contacts 28 and 29 to come in relative to the fixed coils of the transformer R so as to alter the regulation on the line. At the same time a circuit ma be traced similarly up through coil 33, t rough coil 32, back ,through :lead 50, coil 46, lead 49,

one-half of resistance 47, lead 55, back to line D This circuit, having, both

coils

32 and 46 in it does not sufiiciently energize t either of these coils to actuate the same. At the same time a circuit may be traced through line 54,.arm 39, contact 42,,lead 52,

coil 45, line 48,'one-half of resistance 47 and line 55, back to line D. By means. of

this circuit coil 45 becomes 'suflicie'ntly energizedsothat the arm 39 is attracted thereby and normally maintained closed, thereby I preventing chattering of said arm. As soon coils of transformer R, thereby altering the re lation to the required amount.

or energizing the coil 41 of relay H I employ a circuit 56-57 which is also connected" to a compensating resistance 58.

This compensating resistance is connected by =means of a circuit 59-60 to the secondary 61 of a transformer 62. The primary 63 of transformer 62 is connected by means of a line 64-65 with two current transformers 66-67 which are adapted to be operated in conjunction with the two lines D and D and which are'connected in parallel in the circuit 64-65. 1

In addition to the foregoing the line 56 I is directly connected to a portion of an auto transformer 68 "which is provided with a number of

taps

69 and 70 adapted to make contactwith two

swlnging arms

71 and 72 These arms are connected by means of a line 73-74 to' a transformer 75 .which in turn is connected by a line 76-77 to the lines D and D previously referred to. 'By this meansthe voltage on the line operating through transformer 68 tends to vary the current through the coil- 41 which varies the pull upon the lunger 40, thereby actuating arm 39 as previously described to control motor M. In addition, the two current.

transformers

66 and 67 operating in conjunction with the I transformer 62 and the compensating resistance, 58 serve to modifythe current passing through the coil 41 in roportion to the load carried by the line "-D If desired; the transformer 75 may be embodied in the transformer 68 by the proper design and selec tion of the taps thereof.

In my invention the taps 69 may be ar: ranged so as 'toinclude ten times as many turns as the taps 70, whereby any desired number of turns of transformer 68 may be included between the

arms

71 and 72. By

this means asubstantially' constant voltage may be maintained across the porti'onof the transformer 68 included in line 56, indicated 'at 78. re a'irdle'ss of the voltage of the line In the operation of the invention the re rapidly open and close lay H is first adjusted to secure the'best and most effective-operating results by the adjustment of

thecontacts

42 and 43 rela tive to arm '39 and the other-variable. elements of the same. After this has been attained by selection of the proper transformer 75 and by the manipulatio'n of the

respective arms

71 and 72 any desired volt'-' age can be secured at the end of lines D -D". This is effected as follows; If the

arms

71 and 72 are set for a particular volt-i age less than that secured by L -L -L the "voltage across the portion 78 of transformer 68 becomes considerably less than normal and the arm 39 drops making contact with contact 43. This, as previously described, operates motorM to rotate the rotatable coils of transformer R until a bucking effect is produced upon the line D -D -D which issuliicient to bring the voltage down to the required amount. .As soon as the voltage acrossthe portion. 78 of transformer 68flresumes the normal operating volt-age then the arm. 39 immediately resumes its neutral and normal position. Any fluctuation in the-Voltage delivered to the line l) -D --D immediatly operates relay H in the same manner as when the voltage supplied to these lines is. the same as that received from the lines L -L -L If, on the other hand, a higher voltage than I that normally supplied from the line L- L -L is desired,

arms

71 and 72 are set (accordingly and the reverse action takes lace. v

It'will always be noted thatthe device comes to rest when the voltage across the portion 78 of coil .68 becomes, normal and ,that b "the proper adjusting of the arms 71 an 72 any desired voltage within the range of the equipment can be had at' the ends of these llnes, which is further maintained constant by the regulatin meansand which may also be compensated for as the load is impressed upon the same.

,. In Figure 2 I have shown a system-simi maintaining in an alternating current system a constant current lnstead of a constant voltage as m Figure 1..- I have here shown an alternator 79 having an armature 80 connected with a line 81-82 and a field coil 83' connected to an excitor 84by means of a line 85. In the excitor circuit 85 is interposed a resistance 86 which is connect.- .ed by a circuit 87 to the armature 88 of a relay 89. .-The relay 89, if desired, may be of the vibrating type which is adapted to the circuit 87 and 'to cut in and out the resistance 86' so as to lar to Figure 1 which, however, is used for vary the exciting current to the field coil 83.

The'relay 89 is controlled by its coil 90 which is connected in a circuit 91 operated. through a current transformer 92 which is also connected in the line 82. It will. be

notedthat a variable connection indicated at 93 is made with the current transformer 92 to the circuit 91 so that the number of turns of said current transformer included in this circuit may be varied at will. As

the current in the system varies the action of coil 90 upon armature 88 is varied to secure the proper exciting current in the field coil 83 of generator 79, thereby maintaining a constant current in the line 81- 82. When it is desired to alter the current in this line the movable or variable contact 93 is shifted. This has the effect of changing the current in the coil 90 which acts upon relay 89 to vary the current in the line 81 -82 until the current in line 91 again resumes normal.' Vith this device the same aswith that shown in Figure 1,-

, voltage system similar to that shown in Figure 1 for a direct current system. I 'here employ a line 94-95 connected to the armature 96 of a direct current generator9'7. The field coil 98 of this generator is also connected across the line. 9495 but has connected in series with it a resistance 99. This resistance is adapted to be shunted by a circuit 100 which connects with the armature 1010f aa'elay 102 similar to relay 89. The

coil 103 of this relay. is connected in a circuit 104 which has a movable contact 105 adapted to make contact with a'resistancer106 which resistance is connected across the line 9495 and to the other end of the line 104. .As the voltage of line 9495 varies the current in line 104 varies the same as the current in line 91, thereby actuating relay 102 to cut in and out resistance 99 and so regulate the voltage of the line. Relay 102 is again ad- I justed to the most satisfactory operating position, after which the regulation is se-- cured by varying the contact 105. I

As can readily e comprehended, my invention may also be used in conjunction with a constant current, direct. current system, suclr an installation being illustrated in F igure 4. In this case a resistance 107 is employed instead of resistance 106,- Which is connected inseries in the line 94 instead of acrossit As the current through the portion of resistance 107 out in by contact 105 varies, the current through coil 103 varies in like manner, and the 'same regulating effect is produced as with any other formation of the-invention. I

My invention is highly advantageous in that a system may be produced from which anydesirable constant voltage or current may be secured which may at all times be maintained constant regardless of fluctuations of the source of electric supply and the load conditions imparted upon the system. The system provided an installation where by the regulating relay may be operated at all times at its most efiicient and satisfactory operating adjustment so that different currents or voltages may be quickly and positively secured without meddling or interfering with the adjustment of the relay. This insures positive operation and regulation at all times with selectivity of voltages or currents without loss of time or annoyance. It may be further stated that my in vention may be positioned upon the switchboard or in close proximity with the devices with which it is associated and the same operated by remote control.

In accordance with the patent statutesI have described my invention, illustrating the best embodiment thereof, but I desire to have it understood that the inventioncan be carried out by other means and appliedto uses other than those above set forth wit-hinthe scope of the following claims.

I claim:

1. In combination with an electric supply line for alternating current, means for altering the voltage thereof including a relayia circuit for operating said relay, a vcltage transformer energized from said line and 2. In combination with an electrical supply line for alternating current, means for altering the voltage thereof including a relay, a circuit for operating said relay, a variable transformer having a portion of the windingsthereof connected in said circuit, a second circuit, a potential transformer connected across said line and in said second circuit, the variable windings of said "variable transformer being connected in said second circuit, and a "current transformer connected in said line and to said first named circuit.

'3.. In combination with an electrical supply line for alternating current, l neans for altering the voltage thereof including a relay, a circuit for operating. said relay, a variable transformer having a portion of one of the windings thereof connected in series in said circuit, a second circuit, a potential means connected-across said current trans-.

former and in said first named circuit.

4. In combination with an electrical supply line for alternating current, means for altering the voltage thereof including a relay, a circuit for operating said relay. a variable transformer having a variable primary and a fixed secondary, the secondary thereof being connected in said circuit and the primary thereof being energized from said line.

5. In combination with an electrical supply line for alternating current, means for altering the voltage thereof including a relay, a circuit for operating said relay, and a variable potential transformer connected in said circuit and across said line.

6. In combination with an electric supply line for alternating current, .a regulating transformer connected thereto having a movable coil, meansvfor operating said movable coil, a relay for controlling said operating means, a circuit for operating said relay energized from said line, an auto transformer having some of the turns thereof connected in said circuit, a number of taps formed on other of said turns and means for adjustably connecting any of said transformer taps with said'line.

7. In combination with an electric supply line for alternating current, a regulating transformer connected thereto having a movable coil, means for operating said movable coil, a relay for controlling said operating means, a circuit for operating said relay energized from-said line, a transformer connected in said circuit and energized from said line and means for adjusting the ratio of the primary and secondary of said transformer to adjust the action of said relay upon said movable coil {controlling means of said regulating transformer.

8. In combination with an electric supply line for alternating current, means for altering the voltage there f, including a relay, a circuit for opera 'ng said relay energized from said line, an auto transformer havmg some of the turns thereof connected to said circuit, a number of taps arranged lay, a circuit for operating said relay. a voltage transformer, a circuit connected across said line containing the primary of said "oltage transformer. a variable transformer, a circuit containing the primary of said variable transformer and the secondary of said voltage transformer, the secondary of said variable transformer being connected in said relay circuit. a current transformer connected in said line, and' means connected in said relay circuit and to said current transformer for compensating for line load.

10. In combination with an electrical supply line for alternating current, means for altering the voltage thereof including a relay adapted to operate at a fixed voltage, a circuit for operating said relay, and a variable potential transformerconnected in said circuit and across said line.

FRANKLIN WESLEY SPRINGER.