US1642842A - Support and backing for terra cotta or other facing blocks - Google Patents

Support and backing for terra cotta or other facing blocks Download PDF

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US1642842A
US1642842A US1642842DA US1642842A US 1642842 A US1642842 A US 1642842A US 1642842D A US1642842D A US 1642842DA US 1642842 A US1642842 A US 1642842A
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concrete
wall
blocks
terra cotta
facing
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/14—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements stone or stone-like materials, e.g. ceramics concrete; of glass or with an outer layer of stone or stone-like materials or glass
    • E04F13/142—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements stone or stone-like materials, e.g. ceramics concrete; of glass or with an outer layer of stone or stone-like materials or glass with an outer layer of ceramics or clays
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/14—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements stone or stone-like materials, e.g. ceramics concrete; of glass or with an outer layer of stone or stone-like materials or glass

Definitions

  • PATEN V PATEN V, ⁇ F"RniniR-ICK C. DAvIs, or sAN FRANCISCO, CALiFoRNIA.
  • invention relates to ksupports and x backing for terra .cotta and other facing blocks, 'and the object/is to improve the present methodsfof supporting and holding in place: terra cotta, artiicial stone, cement orzconcrete blocks, etc..in front of cementl or Vconcrete fwall surfaces previously inj stalled, such asireinforced concrete, concrete,
  • This 'obj ect l accomplish by the provision of iive new units to be used individually or yThelirst unit consists of-a U-shaped staple embeddedin the wall on frequent horizontal centers and serving the new and useful duty of receivingk the: vertical load rfrom the usual adjustable"hangershooked around a horizontalrodfor pin. 'This-vU-shaped staple also acts-'as a vdowel'y support to the added load above.4 f
  • the third unit consists of-dowels onfrequent" centers embedded in the wall. These dowels receive the kvertical'load from above Y r and from hangershooked'around horizontal rodsor pins below asA welllas to" Vdowel the concrete. groutito"the.,.fa ⁇ ce of the concrete Vwall,.etc.rv i y
  • the fourth unit' consists of a combination of afloop, a brace, a dowel,l and an anchor embedded in lthe vwall on ⁇ frequent centers, and 'usually referred toas a loop-braceanchor. VThe principal use' ot this loopbrace-anchor istohorizontally tie, hook or anchor the blocks to the concrete face ofthe wall.
  • the fifth unit consists vof yextensions yof wires or rods to be placed over the above mentioned dowels, anchors and U-shaped staples and,A thus act .as additional ⁇ ties and reinforcements in the concrete grout.
  • Fig. 1 shows a tionV of abuilding .embodying Y my invention.
  • K. Fig. 2 shows arperspective viewv of a ⁇ por-y tionofthe sairleLw-f.V
  • sions 14 through the use of the ty unit consists of grooves or Fig.'3 shows avertical section of the concrete wall and -wooden forms.
  • FIG. 4 shows a horizontal section'through the wall.
  • the concrete wall is indicated at 10 and' the terra cotta facing is indicated at 11;.
  • U-sliaped staple 16 is adapted to receive a hanger 25 whichmayl or may not extend through a notch 26 in the terra cotta block and has a hooked end 19 to engage a rod 20, the rod being extended through horizontal holes in the webs and ends of the terra Cotta blocks...
  • This hanger 25 may be either ad l justable through a nut and washer 21 thread- -dowels also support hook-'shaped hangers 22,
  • the loop-braceanchor 17 is shown in detail in Fig. 4 and consists of a wire bent double near the center and formed with a loop at one end.
  • This loop-braCe-anchor is inserted in an opening in the wooden form, usually from the outside, and, ⁇ when driven home, the part to be embedded in the concrete may or may not spread apart somewhatl in the shape of a V, leaving a loop and one end projected from the concrete when later A V,placed and thus provide a pin or dowel vertical section of a por-y anchor and a loop staple for horizontally anchoring the blocks to the wall.
  • Wires orrods 18 are also hung over these U-shaped staples 16, dowels 15 and loop-V brace-anchor 17 and eXtend into or near the vcellular spaces in the blocks for forming additional reinforcement for shear and are usually referred to as extensions.
  • a shelfI angleiron attached by bolts embeddedeither in the fire proofing around beams .and girders or in reinforced concrete spandrels is diflicult to construct and is:unsa,tisfactory on accountof the bolts not registering with the holes in the angle iron when. the latter are installed.
  • these ⁇ bolts are oftendoosened in the concrete when struck with a sledge hammer tolget them to register with ⁇ the holesinV the angleiron.
  • the U staples with the adjustable hangers 25' holding up the continu-ous horizontal rods 2O are" comparatively light in weight, less expensive, easily installed, positive in action, permit-.definite solid grouting with concrete, and thereforefare dependable structural supports andprotection against rust. Furthermore, they overcome the many di'liculties encountered with shelf iron plates and angle irons, allasiabove recited;
  • the dowels canv easily be placed in the wooden forms by the laborers of the contractor forv theconcrete, and, as these dowels arel embedded inA the concrete of beams and girders and.v later enclosed in the grout, the terra cotta andr the grout and the concrete structure thereby become one monolithic unit.

Description

' 1,642,842 Sept 20 1927' F. c. DAVIS SUPPORT AND BACKING FOR TERRA GOTTA OR OTHER FACING BLOCKS Filed Sept. 24, 1923 @Sheets-Sheet 1 ifm/iwf a sept. 2o, 1927. 1,642,842
F. C. DAVIS SUPPORT AND BACKING FOR TERRA GOTTA OR OTHER FACING BLOCKS Filed Sept. 24. 1923 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 f/ INVENTOR Patented Sept. 29, 1927;
PATEN V, `F"RniniR-ICK C. DAvIs, or sAN FRANCISCO, CALiFoRNIA.
sUPPoRTvAND RACKING kFCR TERRACOTTA R OTHER FACING BLOCKS.
'4 "Application med september 24, i923. seriai No. 664,360.
invention relates to ksupports and x backing for terra .cotta and other facing blocks, 'and the object/is to improve the present methodsfof supporting and holding in place: terra cotta, artiicial stone, cement orzconcrete blocks, etc..in front of cementl or Vconcrete fwall surfaces previously inj stalled, such asireinforced concrete, concrete,
' collectively f cement or grout around structural steel. or otherf'metal. Y
This 'obj ect l .accomplish by the provision of iive new units to be used individually or yThelirst unit consists of-a U-shaped staple embeddedin the wall on frequent horizontal centers and serving the new and useful duty of receivingk the: vertical load rfrom the usual adjustable"hangershooked around a horizontalrodfor pin. 'This-vU-shaped staple also acts-'as a vdowel'y support to the added load above.4 f
The second v ledges formed'on .the concrete face of .the wallfto"help}resist the'shear of the vertical loadp..v "l
)The third unit consists of-dowels onfrequent" centers embedded in the wall. These dowels receive the kvertical'load from above Y r and from hangershooked'around horizontal rodsor pins below asA welllas to" Vdowel the concrete. groutito"the.,.fa`ce of the concrete Vwall,.etc.rv i y The fourth unit' consists of a combination of afloop, a brace, a dowel,l and an anchor embedded in lthe vwall on `frequent centers, and 'usually referred toas a loop-braceanchor. VThe principal use' ot this loopbrace-anchor istohorizontally tie, hook or anchor the blocks to the concrete face ofthe wall.
The fifth unit consists vof yextensions yof wires or rods to be placed over the above mentioned dowels, anchors and U-shaped staples and,A thus act .as additional `ties and reinforcements in the concrete grout.
One form which my invention may assume is exemplilied in the following description Vand illustrated in fthe accompanying drawing, in which;
Fig. 1 shows a tionV of abuilding .embodying Y my invention. K. Fig. 2 shows arperspective viewv of a `por-y tionofthe sairleLw-f.V
sions 14 through the use of the ty unitconsists of grooves or Fig.'3 shows avertical section of the concrete wall and -wooden forms.
`Fig; 4 shows a horizontal section'through the wall.
The concrete wall is indicated at 10 and' the terra cotta facing is indicated at 11;. The: Wallis made with grooves or deprese Vof wooden forms indicated at13 in Fig. 3.p The purpose of so grooving the wall is to provide a better bond with the grout backing 12y between the terra cotta blocks and the concrete wall.
At the time of installing the forms for the concrete wall I arrange upon the woodenl forms U-'shaped staples 16, grooves 14, dowels 15 and loop-braceanchors 17. The U-sliaped staple 16 is adapted to receive a hanger 25 whichmayl or may not extend through a notch 26 in the terra cotta block and has a hooked end 19 to engage a rod 20, the rod being extended through horizontal holes in the webs and ends of the terra Cotta blocks... This hanger 25 may be either ad l justable through a nut and washer 21 thread- -dowels also support hook-'shaped hangers 22,
which in turn are used to support lintels 23 by engagement with horizontal rods 24, and, in other instances, by engaging the member 22 with the holes in the blocks. y
The loop-braceanchor 17 is shown in detail in Fig. 4 and consists of a wire bent double near the center and formed with a loop at one end. This loop-braCe-anchor is inserted in an opening in the wooden form, usually from the outside, and,`when driven home, the part to be embedded in the concrete may or may not spread apart somewhatl in the shape of a V, leaving a loop and one end projected from the concrete when later A V,placed and thus provide a pin or dowel vertical section of a por-y anchor and a loop staple for horizontally anchoring the blocks to the wall.
Wires orrods 18 are also hung over these U-shaped staples 16, dowels 15 and loop-V brace-anchor 17 and eXtend into or near the vcellular spaces in the blocks for forming additional reinforcement for shear and are usually referred to as extensions.
Modern practice and protection against dama-ge in case of fire require that built-up girders and I-beams be enclosed with ref. inforced concrete and this requirement makes it impossible to use aniron plate or an angle iron as a shelf to support terra cotta, as they both cut in two the reinforced concrete fire-proofing. l
Furthermore, a shelfI angleiron attached by bolts embeddedeither in the fire proofing around beams .and girders or in reinforced concrete spandrels is diflicult to construct and is:unsa,tisfactory on accountof the bolts not registering with the holes in the angle iron when. the latter are installed. As a. result, these` bolts are oftendoosened in the concrete when struck with a sledge hammer tolget them to register with` the holesinV the angleiron. These shelf angle ironsare usually either a little too high or too low and the terra cotta often has its structural strength cut way in order to. adjust itself to thepositifon of the shelf angle iron. Further diificulty is found in securely anchoring the; terra cotta below to the iron plateV or angle iron above, both of which prevent the grout fr-omgetting downL intothe terra cotta below to embed the metal anchors for stability and to insure against futureirusting out ofthe anchors and angle iron or iron plates.
The U staples with the adjustable hangers 25' holding up the continu-ous horizontal rods 2O are" comparatively light in weight, less expensive, easily installed, positive in action, permit-.definite solid grouting with concrete, and thereforefare dependable structural supports andprotection against rust. Furthermore, they overcome the many di'liculties encountered with shelf iron plates and angle irons, allasiabove recited;
Since there cannot be a dependable bond between the vertical faces of concrete which are not poured at. the same time, neit-her can it be expected thatthereiwill be a dependablel bond between grout backing of terra cotta and the vert-ical face of' concreteY surfaces of Vbeams and girders which has been poured: weeks previously. The grooves and ledges of the present invention malte a dependable bond: and successfully resist the verticalshear between the older concrete surfaces and the grout which mechanically supports the terra cotta.
The dowels canv easily be placed in the wooden forms by the laborers of the contractor forv theconcrete, and, as these dowels arel embedded inA the concrete of beams and girders and.v later enclosed in the grout, the terra cotta andr the grout and the concrete structure thereby become one monolithic unit.
In prior practice it is usual to employ tie y rods or wires which are loose at each end, one end being turned down into the terra cotta and the other end hooked into a metal loop embedded in the concrete. Such an anchor requires more work to shape and place and is difficult to make rigid. This difliculty is overcome by my new device which comprises, a loop, a dowel, a` brace and an anchor easily inserted in the wooden forms and .securely embedded inl. the reinforced concrete, including beams, girders, spandrels, piers, Walls,.etc. The-.loop senvesgasf a staple to1hold'thetemporarytieivvire` from the terra; cotta andflater to. hold; a loose anchor; or: anchors. They single or doublearm when.
fastened into; theanchor hole of thex-terra cotta acts, as a; dowel, a brace; andi-as: ai.
rigid anchor to holdtheterra'-` cotta, firmly,v
in line while:v beingi filled with, grout, con-- crete or; brick, or. lefthollow. Y The metal wire or rod extensionszvvhichl areihung overthe dowels, staples or anchors and which extendinto the 1 cellular' spaces of the terra cotta, or elsewhere, act asian addi*` tional metal reinforcement 1n the` concrete andgroutand materially assist to neutralize` thef diagonal` and vertical components of.- the load developed by the Weight ofl the` terra cotta, thus moreA fully carryingl out :the reinforced concrete method of supports;
Havingthusdescribed my invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. In a; building construction ofi-the classi described, a concretewallLhaving grooves on.: the face thereof, a plurality of anchoring members embedded in.v said; Wall and having portions projecting beyond the. face=thereof, facing blocks, carried by'- saidV anchoring members. in j spaced relation to`- the concrete;Y
wall face,.concrete grout` between the facing.
block and concrete.` Wall to engage the facing. blocks and the grooves on the face: of the; concrete4 wall, and means; for attachinfr the anchoring meanstofthe said-facing blolrs. Y
2;. Iny a building construction of the class described, ai concretewallfhaving grooves on` thev face thereof, a plurality ofianchoring,4 members embedded in said Wall andhavingl portions proj ectingybeyond the face thereof, facing blocks carried by said anchoringk membersin spaced relation. to the concrete wall face, concrete grout between the facingV block; andA concrete wall to engage the facing.: blocks and the grooves on the face ofithe:` concrete Wall, mean's for attaching thefanchoring meansto the saidlfacingrblockasaid last mentioned means including rods eX; tending through openings in the' facing blocks and bolts connecting said rods with the anchoringmernbers in the Wall.
3. In a buildingconstruotion ofthe class described, a concrete Wall havingy grooves on the face thereof, a plurality of anchoring;
members embedded in said Wall and having portions projecting beyond ythe face thereof, facing blocks carried 'by said anchoring members in spaced relation to the concrete 5 Wall face, concrete grout between the facing .Y block and concrete Wall to engage the facing y blocks and the grooves on the face of the concrete Wall, meansk for attaching the an= choring means to the said facing blocks, said means including hooks engagingl openings 10 in the facing blocks and in turn hooked onto the anchoring members in the wall.
FREDERICK C. DAVIS.
US1642842D Support and backing for terra cotta or other facing blocks Expired - Lifetime US1642842A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1162997B (en) * 1960-05-05 1964-02-13 Martin Menzel Reinforced concrete structural element serving as an abutment for roof structures made of wood or prefabricated reinforced concrete parts for holding cornice panels formed from precast reinforced concrete parts
US3142938A (en) * 1963-10-11 1964-08-04 Elwood L Eberhardt Wall structure
US4619093A (en) * 1982-04-02 1986-10-28 Gandillon Jean Paul Decorative material for walls of buildings

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1162997B (en) * 1960-05-05 1964-02-13 Martin Menzel Reinforced concrete structural element serving as an abutment for roof structures made of wood or prefabricated reinforced concrete parts for holding cornice panels formed from precast reinforced concrete parts
US3142938A (en) * 1963-10-11 1964-08-04 Elwood L Eberhardt Wall structure
US4619093A (en) * 1982-04-02 1986-10-28 Gandillon Jean Paul Decorative material for walls of buildings

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