US1641146A

US1641146A - Automatic current-controlling mechanism or switch

Info

Publication number: US1641146A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1927-09-06
Anticipated expiration: 1944-09-06

Description

Sep 6 1927 E. J. lisALLul--F xgEcHANIsu on swn'cu AUTOMATIC CURRENT coNTRoLLING med sept. 25. 1921 {mA/m. A

Piatented Sept 6, 1927,' y y l y i UNITED *STATES PATENT OFFICE..

EDWARD J. BALLUFF, oFcHrcAGo; rumors, AssIeN'oR or oNE-HALr -fro HARRY A. FIIITZGIBBoNs, or cHIcAeo,.1LL1No1s.

U'roiun'rrcl cu:aan1\I'.r .c:51\'rROLLING MECHANISM on SWITCH. applicati@ mea september 23,1921. serial No. 502,753.

This invention relates to automatic electric cuits and connections with which said autocurrent controlling mechanisms or switches matic'switch or current-controlling mechan and' electrical devices operatively connected nism is adapted to be operatively connected. therewith, adapted to provide means for pre- In' constructing van automatic current-con- 5 venting the discharging or exhaustion of' the trolling mechanism or switch and electrical storage battery, or the'bjurningzout or injury devices adapted to be embraced within an of the coil or resistance or other electrical electric circuit with which such automatic devices or connections normally embraced in current-controlling mechanism or switch is the same electrical circuit. adapted :to be operatively connected, -I pro- The principal objectofl the invention is vide, an electro magnet-1 which may be in to provlde 'a simple, economical and eiicient the -form of a'bar magnet having'a core 2 automatic electric current controlling mechay surrounded with a'coil 3 of helically wound nism or switch andelectrical devices operainsulated copper wire or electrically conductively connected therewith, adapted to kpretive wire` adapted to be connected with a vent the wasteful or injurious discharging of battery 4 which may be a dry battery or a 70 the storage battery, or the burning out or storage battery, although the latter is usuinjury to the ignition coil' or resistance or allyemoployed or other source of electric supv other electrical devices or connections norply. The core 2 may be in the form Vot an mally embraced within theY same `electrical ordinary iron bar having its bottom end or circuit with a storage battery. metallic base 5 fixed to and in contact with 75 4 Other and further objects of the inventhe metallic 'bottom angular end portion or tion will appear from the following descriparm 6 of a metallic yoke 7 having an upper tion wand claims, and from. an inspection of yoke arm 8 disposed at an angle with respect the accompanying drawings, which are made to the upright main body portion of the yoke a part hereof. and in parallel relation to the bottom yoke 80 The invention consists in the features, arm 6. The upper yoke arm 8 extends across combinations, details of construction, and aror over the upper end of the core 2, and is rangement ofvelements and parts herein de` spaced apart with respect to said core; and scribed and claimed. l the bottom metallic yoke arm 6 is fixed to a In the accompanying drawings base 81 of suitable insulating material, such, 35

Figure l is aview in elevat-ion of my imfor instance, as fibre or hard rubber, or any proved I automatic j electrically actuated suitable insulatingmaterial having the reswitch or current-controlling mechanism, uired strength to support the parts mountedy showing an electro-magnet having an'elect ereon in operative positionupon a frame 5' trically actuated switch member upon or 9, which may beany desired suitable frame 90 operatively `connected with the armature, member of an automobile, or other suitable andy also showing a'thermostat or thermosupport. An inclosing casing l0 may be static element, which acts to open and close provided and removably mounted on the f thecircuit which energizes the Vvelectromagbase 81, said casing being of suitable dimen 40 net to actuate said switch; sions, and hollow so as to inclose and cover 95 F ig. 2, isa view in sideelevation of the and protect the electromagnet and mechamechanism shown in Fig. 1, and also 'show- .nism mounted on said base. f ing portion of an internal combustion en- The cdi] 3 is wound around the coil 2 begne cylinder provided with a s ark plug, a tween end plates or spool ends 11 and 12 storage battery an ignition` coi make and of suitable insulating material supported at 100 ubrake mechanism.y switch, and electrical conor near the opposite ends of the core 2 andl nections forming a circuit embracing or between the

yoke arms

6 and 8, the upper adapted to normally embrace the battery, plate 11 of insulating material being spaced ignition coil', make and brake mechanism and apart with respect to the upper arm 8 of the 5" connected elements as shown in said figure; yoke, and the lower plate 12 of insulating 105 and l l l material bein mounted between the lower 3 is al diagrammatic view showing my extremity of Ehe coil 3 and the bottom yoke ,improved lautomatic electrically vactuated arm 6, and in position to support'the coil.

. v.jgs'witcli or` current-controlling mechanism, Although the' electro-magnet- 1 here shown and the electrical devices and electrical 4cir. and described above as a single bar magnet 110 extremity of the yoke 7 and the upper yoke arm S are formed in one integral piece of metal, and an opening 13 is provided in the upper portion of said yoke, through which eX- tends a hinged upwardly and downwardly movable armature 14. One end portion 15 of the armature extends through the said o ening 13 in the yoke and is supporte in hinged engagement with said yoke, said armature having lateral end shoulders 16 on opposite sides of the .central endwise projecting portion 15 and adapted to engage the inner upright side face of the upright portion of the yoke 7; and depending or ownwardly bent lugs or bosses 17 on the hinged end of the armature project 1downward in engagement with the outer side face of the upright portion of the yoke 7. The armature is thus supported in hinged engagement with the yoke, and in position to permit the opposite or swinging end portion or body of the armature to swing upward out of contact with the upper end ofthe core 2, and downward into contact with said core, as required. A spring 13, which in this instance is atension spring, has its upper end connected with the pro- 'ecting end 15 of the armature, and its ower end connected with a suitable support, which may be in the form of a connecting pin 19 fixed to and projecting laterally from the outer side of the yoke 7 This spring is thus adapted to hold the armature normally in raised position out of contact with the upper end of the core 2, as shown in Fivs. 2 and 3. Mounted on and movable with, or ada ted to be operated with or by means of tie armature 14, is a metallic switch member or arm 20, which in this instance is in the form of a slightly flexible thin brass plate secured to the armature by means of a securing screw or other suitable securing means, and having a thin sheet or strip of insulating material 21 interposed between said metallic switch arm 20 and the armature.

A metallic contact member or bar 22 is mounted upon a suitable support of insulating material, such, for instance, as the hard rubber or liber plate 11 which forms the l end of the spool. The upper end or/cont'act oint 23 of this contact member or bar 22 1s located adjacent to and on the under side of the outer swinging end 24 of the metallic switch arm 20, and is normally spaced apart from or outof contact with said metallic switch arm; and a contact member or contact point 25 is fixed to or supported upon and in contact with the metallic up er arm 8 of the yoke 7 and adjacent to an in osition to be engaged by a contact mem er or point 26 upon and in metallic contact with the metallic switch arm 20 on the armature 14, when said armature is in raised position, and when the core of the magnet is not energized.V

From the foregoing description it will be readily seen that when the core 2 is energized so as to lower the armature 14 and switch arm 20, the contact 24 will be brought into Contact with the contact point 23 on the contact bar 22; and the contact 26 on the switch arm 20 will at the same moment be brought down out of contact with the contact point 25 on the upper end of the metallic yoke 7 or yoke arm 8. It is also obvious that at all times when the core 2 of the magnet l is not energized, the armature 14 will be in raised position, and the contact 26 on the switch arm 20 will be in actual contact with the metallic contact point 25 on the upper metallic yoke arm 8.

Mounted on a suitable support, such, for instance, as the insulated base 31 of the electro magnet 1, is a curved fiexible thermostatic element or expansible and contractable compound or laminated bar member 27, which may be formed of parallel connected strips or layers of iron and brass, the strip, bar or layer 28 of iron being on the outer side of the curve, and the strip or bar 29 of brass or similar metal having a greater coeilicient of expansion than the strip 28, being on the lower or inner side of the compound bar as a whole, and on the inner side of the curve 30.

The compound thermostat bar 27 is wound with a spiral coil 31 of insulated metallic wire or electrically conductive material having one end 32 fixed in electrically conductive engagement with the compound thermostatic member or bar 27, at or near the outer free or movable end of said bar member 27 g and the compound thermostatic bar 27 has one end fixed to an insulated support by means o a screw 32 or other suitable securing means. The opposite free or movable 4end of the com ound thermostat bar member 27 is locate adjacent to and normally out of contact with the Contact bar member 22 already described, and is provided with a metallic contact member orpoint 33 adjacent to and adapted to be moved into and out of electrical contact with a metallic contact end or contact member 34 connected with or forming an integral part 'of the electrically conductive bar or Contact member 22. The main body of the bar 22 is connected with the contact 34 by means of a projecting end portion or metallic connecting wire or other orm lao y ofconductor 35; and the contact member 23,

already described, is connected with the bar 22 yby means of a metallic connection in the form of a Wire or other'form of electrical conductor 36. The conductor 36 may be integral with the body4 of thebar 22 or ,connected therewith in any suitable ordinary and Well known manner. 1

From the foregoing description of the thermostatic member 27 and its connections, it will be readily understood that'when the compound bar member 27 is heated to a pre-4 contract thereby causinl -33 to be moved out o determined temperature by being subjected to the action of' an electric current having or exceeding a predetermined amperage or degree of intensity, passing through the coil 31,` the compound bar 27 will tlius bek caused to automaticallyuexpand soas to force the metallic contact point 33 carried by'the free end of the bar 27 in'to electrical contact orl electrically conductive engagement with the contact point .34 of the metallic bar 22 already described. And it isy obvious thatrocatory make and break member or movable yportion of the said movable or, insulate! make and break member 39,-which is thus adapted to be moved into and vout of contact with the grounded contact member 4], to make and break any circuit connected with said movable orD insulated member- 39. The mechanically actuated make and break device 38 may, however, be of any desired or-Y dinary and well knownforin adapted to be operatively connected with the devices herein described. l

IIn Figs. 2 and 3 of the accompanying drawings, is also shown diagrammatically' an ignition coil 43 which may be of any ordinary or desired form, and comprises a primary coil- 44, and a secondary or induction coil 45. The secondary coil 45 is connected with the spark plug or plugs 38 by means of a wire or conductor 46 leading from one ex- Y tremity of the coil 45 to thekspark point, the g vice operatively connected with the earn shaft 40 ofv an internal combustion' engine 37, all ofw'hich may be of any ordinary and well known or suitable form, and maybe provided with a-n electric starter, including an electric motor or dynamo, and may have an auxiliary circuit including a magneto suitably connected and adapted, to' operate in any desired ordinary'and well known or suitable manner, f and which,- being'` well known inthe art` are not shown.

. In the drawings (see Figs.. 2 and 3) I have shown an ordinaryy internal combustion engine 37, provided with one or more spark plugs 38. Embraced within the same circuit with storage battery 4 is a mechanically vactuated make and break device 38 opposite terminal of the 3spark plug being grounded in the ordinary manner by means of a conductor 47 'leadingfrom said terminalto the ground48. The opposite extremity of the sel'pndary coil 45 is grounded in the ordinary n anner by means of a conductor 49con`nected with said coil and lead-"v ing to the ground '50. (See Fig. 3.)

One pole of the storage battery 4 is grounded in any desired ordinary manner, for example, by means of a conductor 51 connected with said pole of the battery and leadingto the ground 521, as' shown-diagi'ammatically in 3. Or the condu-tor 51 may lead from the battery to aswitch 52, theopposite terminal 53 of the switch being groundedby means of a conductor 54 leading from said terminal or contact to the engine frame'lor ground, as shown in Fig. 2.

As will be seen by reference to 3, however, the opposite pole of the storage bat;

tery is electrically connected with the compound metallic thermostatic bar 27 by means which comprises in its construction a mo;7

abile make and b ake member or switch arm 39, which in the orm shown is pivotally or reciprocatingly mounted, and adapted to ,move into and out of contact with a stationary contact member 41 which is grounded in any suitable'manner, for`instance, bymeans ofa wire 64 or other suitable electrically conductive'means. The movable or recipyof an electric wire 55 connected with said poleofl the battery and lleading to the binding post 56, and an electric ywire 57 leading from 'said binding post 56'to the end 58` of said thermostat bar 2 7. An electric Wire 59 leads from one extremity of the thermostat coil Y31 to the contact member 26 on the h ingedv armature 14; andan electric con- `ductor 6() leads from the metallic contact member 25 onthe upper yoke arm 8 of the electro-magnet 1 to the l binding post- '61,

of the movable or insulated which is in turn electrically connected with one of the terminals of the primary coil 44 or ignition coil 43 by means of an electric conductor 62.

The opposite extremity of said coil 44 is connected with a corresponding make and break member, for instance any one or more make and break members or contacts 39, by means of an electric conductor 63; and the corresponding stationary make and break member 41 of the make and break device 38 is grounded in any ordinary manner, by means of an electric conductor leading therefrom to the ground. The

conductors

64 and 51 are thus electrically connected and in the same battery circuit. (See Fig. 3.)

From the foregoing description, it is obvious that, the

contacts

33 and 34 being separated or in circuit breaking position, and the engine in operation, as when the car is running, the battery circuit, or circuit' of the electric current will be from the battery 4 through conductor l55, binding post 56,

wire 57, connection 5S, thermostat bar 27,'

connection 32, thermostatic coil 31, wire 59, contact 26 on armature 14, contact 25 on upper yoke arm 8 of electro-magnet 1, conductor 60, binding post 61, electric conductor 62, ignition coil 43, or primary winding 44 of said ignition coil, through electric conduct-or 63, movable member or contact members 39 of the make and break device 38, and stationary make and break member or members 41 and conductor 64 to the ground 52'. and from the ground through electric conductor 51, to the battery 4.

It is also obvious that, whether the engine is running or standing still, with the make and break members 39 and 41 in contact, asy illustrated in Fig. 3, and withthe

contacts

33 and 34 separated. or in -circuitbreaking position, and all of the parts as shown in said ligure, the electric circuit in which the storage battery 4, ignition coil 43, thermostat coil 31, and make and break members 39 and 4l are encased, will be as above described.

It will also be readily understood by those skilled in the art, that whenever the electric current passing through the thermostat coil 31 and through the circuit above described, reaches or exceeds an amperage or intensity sufficient to heat the compoundbar or thermostatic member 27 to a temperature suflicient to cause said member 27 to expand so as to bring the contact 33 in contact with the terminal or contact member 34, a direct circuit will be closed or formed which will pass through or embrace the coil 3 of the electro-magnet 1, andenergize the core 2 of said electro-magnet-one extremity of said coil 3 being-electrically connected with the contact 34 by means of the electric conductor or wire 35 already described, and

ybreakmember or members 39 of the make and break device 38 already described. The movable make and break member or members 39 are adapted to be moved into and out of contact with the corresponding stationary make and break member or members 41, connected with the conductor 64 which is grounded as already described. The shunt circuit thus formed or closed, and which acts to energize the. coil 3 of the electro-magnet 1, with the

contacts

33 and 34 in contact` or in circuit closing position, is as follows:

Through storage battery 4, conductor 55, binding post 56, electric conductor 57 conncction 58, compound thermostat bar 27,

closed contacts

33, 34, electric conductor 35, wire 65, electro-magnet coil 3, wire 66, binding post 67, electric wire 63, movable make and break member or members .39, engaged stationary make and break member or members 41, conductor 64 to the ground, 521, andthrough conductor 51 from the ground to the storage battery 4. The electric current thus caused to pass through the coil 3 of the electro-magnet 3, energizes the pole 2 of said electro-magnet, thus causing the free end of the armature 14'to be attracted and lowered into contact with the core 2, and acting to lower or move the contact 26 out of contact with the terminal or Contact point 25 on the upper yoke arm 8 and breaking the circuit between said contacts 25 and 26, and4 simultaneously causing contact 24 on the movable switch arm 2() on armature 14 to be moved downward into electrically conductive oengagement with the contact 23 on the contact bar 22.

VllVith the

contacts

23 and 24 thus in contact or closed circuit-making position, and the contacts 25 and 26 out of contact or in circuit-breakingposition, and with the

contacts

33 and 34 temporarily and for a short time only in contact or circuit-closing position, as they are temporarily or momentarily untilthe compound thermostat bar 27 is allowed to cool and contract so as. to withdraw the contact member 33 out of contact with the contact point 34, it is plain that an electric circuit is formed which passes through the

contacts

23 and 24 which are held in contact by reason of the armature being held down by the energized core; and the said circuit thus formed passing through the

contacts

23 and 24 continues even after the

contacts

33 and 34 are separated by the cooling of the thermostat bar 27, and is as follows, so longas the electrogized and the armature remains in lowered position so as to hold the contacts 25 and 26 1n open or circuit breaking position? From the storage battery' 4 through conductor 55, binding post 56, wire 57, connection 58, thermostat b'ar 27, connection 32, thermostat coil 31, electric wire 59, lowered contact member 26 on armature* 14, switch arm 20 on armature 14, contact' 24, engaged contact 23, conductor 36, electric wire 65, electro-magnet coil 3, wire 66, binding post 67, wire 68, make and-break members 39 and 41 in contact with each other, electric conductor 64 to the ground, and from the ground through wire 51 to the storage battery 4. The circuit last abovedescribed will continue so long as the engine or motor remains out of operation or stationar with the make and break members 39 an 41 or any of them in contact, so as to enable a closed circuit to continue as above described,

through the coil 3 of the electro-magnet and through the engaged

contacts

23 and 24 thus held in contact by the lowered armature 14 which is attracted bythe energized core 2. The cpntacts l25 and -26 being thus held separated or in circuit-breaking position, it is plain that no electric current is permitted to pass through the ignition'coil 43, and that injury to the said coil while the parts remain as llast above described, or while the engine is standing still, and yall possibility of burning out the coil or resistance, is lthus prevented. l

From the foregoing description it is evident that the circuit last above described passes through or embraces the ,armatureactuated switch arm 2O and

contacts

23 and 24 of the automatic electrically actuated circuit breaker, and through the coil 3 of the electro-magnet 1 and the insulated member 39,-which in this instance is the movable v member of the automatic mechanically actuated make and break device 38--and through the grounded or stationary make and break contact`member 41 and wire 64 or other electric conductor to the ground, and passes through or embraces within the .circuit the storage batterand the connected thermostatic expansi le bar member and thermostatic coil, and thus energizes the core 2 of the electro-magnet 1, causing said core to` attract the armature 14 and break the contact between the contact members 25 and 26 thus breaking the circuit to the induction coil 43. Said circuit thus embraces all of said electrically connected elements except the induction coil, but does not embrace. the

And although said circuit' induction coil. embraces the armature actuated switch member or arm 20 and

contacts

23, 24, and 26 of the electrically actuated automatic circuit breaker, it. does not embrace the contact member 25 and connected wires 60 and 62 leadi' 'to the terminal of the primary winding o the induction coil 43. (See Fig. 3,

.I showing the position of the various elements just before the last mentioned circuit through the contacts or circuit-

breaker 7o members

23 and 24 is closed by the heating of the thermostatic coil to or beyond a predetermined temperature suilcient to expand "the thermostatic expansible bar 27 to cause a contact between

thermostatic contact members

33 and 34 which would close thecircuit acting to energize the electro-magnet.)

A From the foregoing it will be readily understoodnthat my improved cut-out or automatic current-controlling mechanism is adapted to act automatically not only to.

break the battery circuit in which the ignition coil is normally embraced when the engine and the ignition system controlled by my improved automatic .cut-out are in o ration, so as to cut out the induction co' or ignition coil and thus prevent injury to the said induction coil when the engine is standing still or not in operation-for instance, whenthe engine has been left standing still or not in operation7 but with the ignition switch accidentally left closed, asit is liable to-be in practice through carelessness or oversight, of the operator, or otherwise, in which i event the parts will be in the position shown in Fig. 3 of the drawings, with the induction coil embraced in the closed battery circuit just as it would likewise be' embraced in the same circuit with the battery when the engine is in operationv but lwith the movablemake and break member 39, of course, act-l ing to rapidly and continuously but alternately make and break the circuit when in operation-but that my improved safety device or automatic cut-out is also adapted 108.

to automatically restore the circuit in which the induction coil and battery 'are embraced to normal or initial 'closed circuit forming operative position, without the necessity of providing or operating, any separate or distinct restoring switch, electrlc button, or other or similar device whatsoever, and without requiring any attention from the operator to restore the mechanism herein described, or any part thereof to initial or normaloperative position. v

. On the contrary, the closing of the originall circuit embracing the storage battery i and induction coil as well as the thermstatic device and mechanically actuated make and l break devicev and the ordinary switch, and the restoration of all of the parts to the position in which they are shown in Fig. 3, or normaloperative position, with the elec/ tro-magnet cut out from the battery circuit, but adapted to be again automatically connected with the expansible thermostatic device whenever the latter shall become heated to or beyond a predetermined temperature and expanded by the building up of the elecmake and break switch arm or contact member 39 to be separated from the contact member Li1 and break the circuit passing through the coil 3 and closed contacts 23 and 24 of the automatic electrically actuated circuit breaker device or electro-magnet 1, thus permitting the armature 14 to be raised by the automatic action of the armature-actuating spring 18 already described, thereby bringing the armature-actuated switch arm 2O and the contacts 25 and- 26 into circuit closing position, so as to form a circuit embracing the storage battery, the thermostatic device, the i 'nition or induction coil, and the mechanica ly actuated make and break device, and the ordinary ignition switch, as shown in Fig. 3, in which the electrically actuated automatic circuit breaker mechanism or electro-magnet is cut out, or separated from the battery circuit.

It will be readily understood by those skilled. in the art that the "electric current normally employed in the battery circuit embracing theinduction coil when the engine and electrical devices are in operation is of relatively low amperage, but is liable to build up in intensity to an amperage which would burn out or injure'the coil or resistanca-for instance, when the engine is stopped and permitted to remain idle or out of operation, with the" ignition switch left closed accidentally orotherwise, so that the circuit embracing the storage batter and induction coil is closed as shown in ig. 3. For instance, a current of from four to six amperes when the engine is not in operation, may quickly drop to one or two amperes immediately following the starting of the engine; and the current may again build up to an intensity ot four to six amperes or higher when the engine is allowed to stand still or out of operation with the circuit closed as shown in Fig. 3. The thermostatic device is adapted to remain out of contact with the contact 34.- when in a relatively cool contracted condition; but is so constructed that the expansible thermostatic bar member 27 will expand and come into electric contact with said contact member 34 when in a relatively heated and expanded condition due to the resistance afforded by the thermostatic or heating coil 31and the passage of a current at erin excess'of a predetermined maximum intensity, for instance a current which has been permitted to reach or exceed an intensity of six amperes or thereabout, or any desired predetermined maximum amperage, thus causing the y,automatic electrically actuated circuit breaker comprising the electromagnet 1 to break the circuit and cut out the induction coil, thus preventing injury to the coil by the building up of the electric circuit beyond such predetermined maximum intensity, and also preventing the storage battery from becoming'exhausted; and enabling the entire device to be restored auto matically and without requiring any attention from the operator, but b the mere starting of the engine in theor inary manner, as already described.

The making and breaking of the circuits between the

contacts

33 and 34, and at the

circuit breaker contacts

23 and 24, and contacts 25 and 26 is accomplished without any undersirable sparking, as the potential is comparatively low and very nearly uniform at both the thermostatic make andbreak device and the electrically actuated circuit breaker or armature-actuated contacts.

A motor or generator is connected in parallel with the storage battery in the usual manner in such devices, and is adapted to charge the battery, and to be operated in the ordinary manner familiar to those skilled in the art. f

lt is obvious that the electrically actuated circuit breaker comprising the electro-magnet 1 and the make and break or switch mechanism operated thereby, may be connected with any suitable part of the circuit on either side of the thermostatic device, and between said thermostatic device and the battery or the coil; and it is also obvious thatV there may be other modifications and reversals of parts without departing from the'spirit of my invention. 4or instance, the thermostatic coil and the cxpansible thermostatic curved bar may be mounted in any desired position, upright or otherwise, and the storage, battery may be connected directly with the thermostatic coil instead of with the thermostatic ex ansible bar, the bar being connected directly with the terminal of the primary of the induction coil instead of with the battery. These and other obvious modications will be readil apparent to those skilled in the art. And do not confine myself to the exact construction or arrangement of parts as herein shown and described, otherwise than as set forth in the claims.

I claim:

1. In a mechanism of the class described, the combination of a battery, an induction coil, a mechanically actuated make and break device connected with one of the terminals of the induction coil, an expansible metallic thermostatic member adapted to be electrically connected with the battery,

means forming an electrical connection between the thermostatic heating coil and a terminal of the induction coil, all adapted to be embraced within` the same electric circuit, and an automatic electro-magnetically actuated circuit breaker connected with said mechanically actuated make and `break device and adapted to be connected with said circuit for breaking thesame said automatic circuit breaker comprising automatically actuated means adapted to automatically close and restore said circuit.

2. In a mechanism of the class Idescribed,v

the combination of a battery, an induction coil, a mechanically actuated make and I break deviceconnected with one of the terminals of the induction coil, an expansible metallic thermostatic member adapted to be electrically connected with the battery, a thermostatic heating coil connected with said expansible thermostatic member, and a circuit breaker comprising electro-magneticalyly actuated relatively movable contactmembers connected` with said thermostatic heating coil and said induction coil, respectively, and adapted to automatically'break an electric circuit embracing all of said elements, said automatic circuit, breaker comprising automatically actuated meansl adapted to automatically close and restorel said circuit.

3. In a mechanismI of the class described,-

the combination of a battery, an induction coil, a make and break device connected with one of the terminals of the induction said -eXpansible tliermostatic member, and` means forming an electrical connection between the thermostatic. coil and an oppo-y site terminal of-tlb'Ainduct-ion coil, Said connecting means compri/sing an automatic' electro-magnetically actuatedV circuit breaker adapted to automatically'break an elecelements,

tric circuit embracing all of sai said automatic circuit breaker comprising automatically actuated means adapted to automatically close and restore said circuit. 4. In a mechanism of the class described, the combinationv of a battery, an induction coil, a make vand break device connected with yone of the termina-ls of the induction coil, a thermostatic device comprisimg an expansible thermostaticmembei and a heating coil operatively connected, means' for connect-ing one of the terminals ot' the thermostatic device with the battery,` means for electrically connecting the other terminal of the thermostatic device with a terminal of the primary of the induction coil, and

an automatic electro-magnetically electrically actuated circuit breaker comprising 4relaically 'actuated make ,and break device, an

means for automatically breaking said cir- 70.A

cuit by moving one of said switch members to circuit-breaking position, and electrically actuated means for automatically restoring -said movable switch member to circuitclosing position, to close said circuit.

5. In a mechanism of the class described, the combination of a battery, an `induction coil, a lmechanically actuated make and break device connected with one of the terminals of the induction coil, a tliermostatic device comprising lan expansible thermostatic element, and ia thermostatic coil connected witli said expansible thermostatic element, means for electricallyconnecting said thermostatic device with the battery and with one of the terminals of the induction coil, la contact member adapted to be electrically connected with the thermostatic expans'iblemember and with said mechanelectro-magnetically electrically actuatedaultomatic circuit breaker comprising coaeting relativelymovable switchv members adapted to be embraced within the Same electric circuit W'ith all of -said elements, and means for electrically connecting said electric circuit breaker mechanism with said mechanically actuated f make and break device, whereby said electrically actuated circuit breaker is adapted to automatically break l said battery circuit andcut out the induction coil from said circuit and said electrically actuated circuit breaker is also adapted to automaticallyclose said circuit.

6. In a mechanism of the class described, 1N the combination of a battery, any induction coil, a mechanically actuated make and break device connected with one 'of the terminals ofthe induction coil, a thermostatic device comprising an expansible thermostatic ele- 110 ment and a thermostatic coil `connected with said expansible thermostatic element, means for electrically connecting one of said thermostatic elements with the battery, means for electrically connecting the other one of said-.115 thermostatic elements with one of the terminals of the induction coil, an electro-mag'- netically actuated automatic circuit breaker ,comprising co-acting relatively movable switch member to circuit-breaking position to cut out said induction coil from said firstmentioned battery circuit, and means for automatically restoring said armature-actuated circuit-breaker switch member to circuitclosing position to close said circuit embracing the storage battery, induction coil, thermostatic device and mechanically-actuated make and break device, and not embracing said electromagnet.

7. In a mechanism of the class described, the combination of a battery, an induction coil, a mechanically actuated make and break device connected with one of the terminals of the induction coil, a thermostatic make and break device comprising an expansible thermostatic member and a thermostatic heating coil connected with said expansible thermostatic member, means for connecting said thermostatic members with the battery and with the induction coil respectively, said connecting means comprising an electromagneticall actuated circuit breaker, and means for electrically connecting said circuit breaker, said automatic circuit lbreaker comprising automatically actuated means adapted to automatically. close and restore said circuit withv said mechanically actuated make and break device.

8. In a mechanism of the class described, the combination of a battery, an induction coil, a mechanically actuated make and break device electrically connected with one of the terminals of the induction coil, an expansible thermostatic member adapted to be electrically connected with one of the terminals ot the battery, a thermostatic coil 'connected with ,said expansible thermostatic member, and eans forming an electric connection between the thermostatic coil and a terminal of the induction coil, all adapted to be embraced within the same electric circuit, said circuit having a pair of co-acting relatively movable circuit-breaker contact members embraced therein, `an electro-magnet provided with an armature operatively connected with one of said last-mentioned circuit-breaker contact members, and electrical circuit-forming means connected with and embracing thezcoil of said electro-magnet and provided with a contact 'member connected with said electro-magnet coil and adapted to .be electrically connected with said expansible thermostatic member when the latter is in an expanded heated condition. 9. In a mechanism of the class described, the combination of a battery, an induction coil, a mechanically actuated make and break device electrically connected with one of the terminals of the induction coil, an expansible thermostatic member electrically connected with oneof the terminals of the battery, a thermostatic coil connected with said expansible thermostatic member, connecting means forming an electrical connection between the A circuit-breaker Lemaire thermostatic coil and a terminal of the induction coil, said connecting means forming a circuitvcomprising a pair of co-acting relatively movable circuit-breaker contact members embraced within the same electric circuit with allof said elements, an electromagnet provided with an armature operatively connected with one of saidv last-mentioned circuit-breaker contact members, for making and breaking. said circuit, and electrical circuit-forming means connected with said tiret-mentioned mechanically actuated make and break device and With the coil of said electro-magnet, and'comprising a contact member connected with the magnet coil and adapted to be electrically connected with said expansiblethermostatic member when the latter is in a heated expanded condition.

10. In a mechanism of the class described, the combination of a battery, an induction coil, a mechanically actuated make and break device electrically connected with one of vthe terminals of the induction coil, an expansible thermostatic member electrically connected with one of the terminals of the battery, a thermostatic coil connected with said eXpansible thermostatic member, connecting means loi-ming an electrical connection between the thermostatic coil and a terminal of the induction coil, said connecting means comprising a pair of relatively movable co-acting contact members embraced within the same electric circuit with all of said elements, an electro-magnet provided with an armature operatively connected with one of said last-mentioned circuit-breaker contact members, for making and breaking said circuit, electrical circuit-forming means connected with said first-mentioned mechanically actuated make and break device and with the coil of the electro-magnet, and

comprising a contact member connected with the magnetic coil and ada ted to be electrically connected with sai expansible thermostatic member when the latter is in a heated expanded condition at a predetermined temperature, and disconnected when said thermostatic member is in a relatively colder contracted condition, and means for closing an electrical circuit embracing the storage battery, electro-magnet coil and 'said first-mentioned mechanically actuated make and break device, and the thermostatic coil and expansible thermostatic member and not embracing the induction coil. v

l1. In a mechanism of the class described, the combination of a storage battery, an induction coil, a mechanically actuated make and break device electrically connected with one ofthe terminals of the induction coil, an expansible thermostatic member electrically connected with the storage battery, a thermostatic coil connected With said expansible thermostatic member, 4connecting means and thermostatic device` and the induction coil provided with an electrically actuated circult breaker connected with and adapted to make and break an electrical circuit embracing all of said elements, means for holdsa1d circuit-breaker mechanism 1n c1rcuit-breakmg posxtlon, and automatic restoring . ing means adapted to automatically restore lll the circuit-breaker mechanismto circuit closing position.

12. In a mechanism of theclass described, the combination of a battery, an induction coil, a mechanically actuated make and break device electrically conlected with one -connected with one of the terminals of thel induction coil, all forming a circuit in which `all of said elements are embraced, lautomatlc circuit-breaker mechanism comprising a movable switch member and aco-actlng contact member connected with said electric circuit, said movable switch memberV bein movable into and out of contact with sai lil swltch member 1S out of Contact-With it?, stQIi e batteryyelectro-magnet coil, the exco-acting contact to make and break such circuit, an electro-magnet electrically connected with said first-mentioned mechanically -actuated make and break device, and ada ted to be electricall sai thermostatic expansi le member` when the latter is. in heated expanded condition, said electro-magnet havin an armature o eratively connected wit said movab e switch member, for .automatically actuating the same to make and break said electric circuit, and electrically conductive .means adapted to be electrically connected with the electro-magnet coil and with said movable switch member and acting to close a circuit embracing said, storage battery, thermostatic device and said first-mentioned mechanically actuated make and break device, and not embracing the induction-coil when said movable first-mentioned co-acting contact member, and means for automatically restoring said' movable switch memberof lthe electrically actuated circuit breaker mechanism to initial I circuit-closing osition.

induction coil, all forming a` circuit in which 13. In a mec anism of the-class described, the combination ofa battery, an induction coil, a4 mechanically actuated make and break device electrically connected -with one of the terminals of the induction coil, an expansible thermostatic member electrically connected ,with the battery,^.a .thermostat-ic coil connected with said expansible thermo.-` static member and adapted to be electrically connected with one of the terminals of the ments, spark-plug mec connected withl all of said elements are embraced, an elect-romag'netically actuated circuit breaker normally connected withthe thermostatic coil and with onev of the terminals of the induction coil and adapted to make and break an electric circuit embracing all of said elewith the secondary coil of the induction coil, means for holding said circuit breaker mechanism in circuit-breaking position, and automatic restoring means electrically connected with saidirst-mentioned mechanically actuated make and break device and with a mov able switch member of the electrically actuated circuit breaker mechanism, and adapted mechanism to circuit-closing position.

14. In a mechanismof the class described, the combination of a storage battery, an innism i connected to automatically restore said circuit-breaker duction coil, a -mechanically actuated make t and break device electrically connected with one of the terminals of thev induction coil,

an expans'ible lthermostatic' member electrically connected wth the storage battery, a

thermostatic coilconnected with said expansible thermostatic member, connecting means forming lan electrical connection between the thermostatic coil and the induction coil, said connecting means comprising a contact member and a co-acting movable switch f member movable into and out of contact with said contact member'and adapted to make and break an electric. circuit normally embracing` all of said elements, an electromagnet `having an armature operatively con nected with and adapted to, move said movable switch member into `and out of vcircuit .closing position, electric circuit-forming means connected with and embracing the coilK of said electro-magnet and adapted to be electrically connected with said expansible thermostatic member when the latter is in a heatedexpanded condition, and circuit closing means operatively connected with' the armature of the electro-magnet and adapted to' .close an?, electric circuit embracing the armature-actuated movable switch member of. the electrically actuatedcircuit breaker mechanism to initial circuit-closing position. Signed at Chicago, -in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, i tl 1is 19 thday oflsSepl tember,1921.' v i l i J. BALLUFIF.