US1640068A

US1640068A - Rectifying column

Info

Publication number: US1640068A
Application number: US666211A
Authority: US
Inventors: James F Cyphers
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1923-10-02
Filing date: 1923-10-02
Publication date: 1927-08-23
Anticipated expiration: 1944-08-23

Description

Aug. 23, 1927,

' J. F.' CYPHERS RECTIFYING COLUMN 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Oct.

IN VEN TOR. M 7,

Aug.- 23, 1927.

J. F. CYPHERS RECTIFYING COLUMN 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Oct. 2, 1923 IN VEN TOR.

ATTORNEY.

Patented Aug. 23, 1927.

UNITED STATES JAMES F. CYPHERS, 0F BALTIMORE, MARYLAND.

BECTIFYING i COLUMN.

Application filed October 2, 1923. mm 110. 068,211.

This invention relates to improvements in the structure of rectifying columns, and its object is to increase the capacity of such columns. In the ordinary column, the bonnets are fastened to the plates, and the plates frequently become uneven, or sagged in some part, thereby increasing the depth of liquid )ver some of the bonnet orifices, leaving the vapors to go through the orifices of the bonnets where less liquid is. The very least unevenness will mean an irregular exhausting of the vapors from the descending liquid because the vapors will always go through the orifices of the bonnets where the least liquid is located.

This increased capacity is obtained partly by providing a rigidly constructed column, in which all the parts are firmly held, and they are held from the vibration which takes place when the boiling on the plates is violent, as well as being held level. The vibrations often fatigue the plates until they break, and I propose to-do away with this objection by properly supporting the plates, which prevents the vibration.

To obtain this increased capacity the largest possible disengagement area for the vapors must be had. The amount of space where the vapors can bubble through the liquid and thus separate other vapors from the liquid can be increased either by increasing'the size of the plate or by increasing the active area of the plate. In order to have a column of reasonable size, or to increase the efficiency of the larger ones, I put the rows of nozzles quite close together, and

the tops of the nozzles being flattened or squashed, a narrow bonnet can be 'placed over them, andconsequently, more of -the surface of the plate can be effectively used.

In the operation of rectifying columns it is often desirable to vary over wide limits the volume of liquid flowing over the plates and yet kee' the depth of liquid over the top of the nnet'orifices within as close limits as possible. I do this by making the weir over which the material flows in going to the down pipes to the plate below, as long as possible. The longer, the greater the amount of the material for a given depth, that flows over it in a given time.

Another ob'ect of my invention is to construct the column in sections,.so that the parts may be shipped and readily and rigidly assembled. With this construction,

can also make the columns any desired height.

Further objects and advantages of my invention will be apparent from the following detailed description thereof.

While my invention may be carried out in many different ways, for the pur ose of illustration, I have shown only one orm of apparatus in the accompanying drawings,

in which:

Fig. 1 is a plan view of a section of the recti ying column section. Fig. 2 is a partial vertical view, with the casing of the front of the column removed, and with certain other parts shown in section. Fig. 3 is an enlarged plan View of the posts and beams and of the nozzles and bonnets. Fig. 4 is a partial vertical sectional view of the parts shown in Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a partial side view of the same parts and Fig. 6 is a vertical view of the posts that align and sup ort sections of the lumn.

imilar numerals ref r to similar parts throughout the several views.

The column section 1 has flanges 17 by which the several sections are riveted or bolted together. In the column, and fastened to its sides, are rectifying plates 2, having connecting down pipes 4 and elongated weirs 3 before the entrance to the down pipes. Weirs 5 on the plates in front of the outlet of the down ipes build up an even supply of material before it is allowed to flow over the plate. Vapor nozzles 6 are held in plates 2 as shown in Figs. 4 and 5. These nozzles have round bases and flattened top, and they are arranged on the plates so that their flattened sides are next to the sides of the narrow bonnets or caps 7. Bonnets 7 are supported in layers by beams 8 and their ends are held together by similar beams 9. Plates 2 are supported b beams' 10 7 running in one direction an beams 11, running at right angles to beamsv 10. The supporting posts are made up of similar sections, as shown in Fig. 4;. Sections 13, between the plates and beams 8 have interior screw threads at their lower ends and exterior threads on their upper ends, The exterior screws are passed through beams 8 which are fastened down by nuts 18. Nuts 18 are short and allow other posts 14, having lower internal screw threads to be screwed down on posts 13.

I Fitting over posts 14 are outer posts 15,

which have wings cast integral with them, as shown in Figs. 3 to 5 inclusive. To these wings, beams 10 and 11 are rigidly fastened. Other sections 13 are then screwed on top of 14, until a section of the column is thus built up. \Vhen a section is built up, it is held together by putting tapering nuts 16 over the top screws on posts 13, as shown in Fig. 6.

To get the maximum etliciency from the column, it is apparent that all of the nozzles and especially the orifices of the bonnets must be kept at the same level in relation to the surface of the liquid. This is accomplished by securing the bonnets to beams in layers and the beams to the posts, independent of the plates, and then the plates containing the nozzles are secured to other beams, which in turn are secured to the posts.

The winged sections of the posts which are at the bottom of a column section are made as shown in Fig. 6 and are designated by 12. The have sockets in their lower ends which t over tapering nuts 16. External screws are on their upper ends, to which the next sections 13 would have been attached. In this way the column may be made as high as desired.

The bonnets 7 have notched lower edges, the notches forming orifices as shown in Fig. 5, and the liquid is kept at a level between the tops of these notches and the tops ofthe nozzles 6. The tops of adjoining nozzles, in a row, are drawn together and their bottoms are far enough apart not to weaken the supporting plates nor to interrupt the even flow of liquid. The bonnets are placed over the nozzles so that the sides of the bonnets are near the flattened sides of the nozzles, but the bonnets are not wide enough to extend beyond the lower part of the nozzles. In this way, the rows of nozzles and their bonnets can be placed closer together, and so there may be more of them, and the liquid can be acted upon or exhausted in more places, over a given area, than was formerly possible. In.' other words, the total bonnet perimeter is increased, and a larger area is provided for dis- 1engaging the vapors from the descending e' operation of my invention will be ap arent from the foregoing description.

any changes in the apparatus may be made without departing. from the spirit of,

my invention.

I claim:

1. In a rectifying column, superposed plates adapted to hold liquid to be rectified, spaced rows of spaced vapor nozzles in said plates, the tops of said vapor nozzles having one dimension greater than the other, a plurality of narrow bonnets each covering a row of said nozzles, sectional posts sup- 2. In a rectifying column, superposed plates adapted to hold liquid to be rectified spaced rows of spaced vapor nozzles in said plates, narrow bonnets covering said noz-,

zles. downtake pipes in and at one side of said plates, elongated wen-s extending completely across said plates and adjacent the inlets to said pipes.

3. In a rectifying column, substantially unobstructed superposed plates adapted to hold 'liquid to be rectified, spared rows of spaced vapor nozzles in said plates. the tops of said vapor nozzles having one dimension greater than the other, narrow bonnets covering said nozzles, downtake pipes in and at one side of said plates, elongated weirs extending completely across said plates and adjacent the inlets to said pipes, sectional posts supporting said plates and bonnets, the sections of said posts being rigidly connectable with each other.

4. In a rectifying column, superposed plates adapted to hold the liquid to be rectified, sectional posts supporting said plates, sections of said posts having integral wings thereon and plate supporting beams fixed to said wings.

5. In a rectifying column, superposed plates adapted to hold the liquid to be rectified, sectional posts supporting saidv plates, plate supporting beams connecting said posts, the sections of said posts being rigidly connectable with each other, successive plates being attached to and sup ported by successive sections of said posts.

6. In a rectifying column, superposed plates adapted to hold the liquid to be rectified, sectional posts supporting each successive plate, said column being constructed of similar sections, the plate supporting posts of the successive sections having sockets and being brought into alignment with the posts of preceding sections by fitting said sockets of the posts over the posts of the preceding section.

7. In a rectifyin column, superposed plates adapted to hold the liquid to be rectified, spaced rows of spaced vapor nozzles in said plates, layers of bonnets coverin said nozzles, sectional posts supporting said plates and layers of bonnets, the sections of said posts being rigidly connectable with each other, successive plates and successive layers of'bonnets being attached to and supported by successive sections of said posts.

8. In a rectifying column, a rectifying plate, said plate having a plurality of vapor nozzles therein, a horizontal cross section of the lower part of said nozzles being circular and the upper part, flattened.

9. In a rectifying. column, superposed rectifying plates having vapor nozzles therein with circular bases and crushed or flattened sides near the tops thereof, narrow bonnets covering said nozzles, the crushed or flattened sides of the tops of said nozzles being next to the sides of said bonnets.

10. In a rectifying column, a rectifying plate, downtake pipes at one side of said plate and an elongated Weir extending completely across sai plate, adjacent and partially surrounding said pipes, said elongated weir being adapted to permit a maximum variation of flow of liquid over it for a minimum variation of depth of liquid.

11. In a rectifying plate, a vapor nozzle projecting from said plate having a base the breadth of which substantially equals its length and a free open end, one dimension of which is greater than the other.

12. In a rectifying column, a substantially horizontal rectifying plate having therein spaced rows of spaced vapor nozzles, bonnets spaced laterally from, and each covering, the tops of a row of said nozzles, the width of said bonnets substantially equalling the width of the base of said nozzles.

13. In a rectifying column, a substantially horizontal and unobstructed rectifying plate means adapted to cause liquid to be rectified to flow in one direction over said plate, said plate having therein spaced rows of spaced vapor nozzles,the upper portions of said vapor nozzles having one dimension greaterthan the other, the greater of said dimensions extending transverse to the direction of liquid flow.

JAMES F. CYPHERS.