US1636666A - Earth-boring drill - Google Patents

Description

July 19.1927. ,666

'c. E. REED EARTH BORING DRILL Filed March 1, 1927 I 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 fix C/arence E. Reed 'INVEN TOR.

July 19,1921 1,636,666

C. E. REED EARTH BORING DRILL Filed March 1, 1927 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 C/arewce E Reed INVENTOR.

I QQMMWM 7 W6 ATTORNEYS.

July' 19-, 1927.

- 1,636,666 c. E. REED I EARTH BORING DRILL Filed March 1, 1927 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 0mm E/Eeed INVENTOR.

A TTORNEYS.

July 19, 1 c. E. REED EARTH BQRING DRILL Fi led Maich 1, 1927 4 Sheets-Sheet C/aren ce E. Reed INVENTOR.

A TTORNEYS.

Patented July 19, 1927.

UNITED STATE-S CLARENCE E. REED, OF WICHITA, KANSAS.

EARTH-BORING DRILL.

Application filed March 1, 1927. Serial No. 171,832.

The invention has for one object to provide means of rugged construction for the ready and expeditious assembling of the conical roller cutters with their spindle, apart from thedrill head, so that these parts can be inserted into connection with a one piece drill head as units, and when the units are secured in place the roller cutters als'a con sequence of this act will be locked on the r spindles and held against displacement axially thereof so that the full gauge of the hole will be cut at the outset of the cutting operation.

Other objects of the invention will appear,

from the following description.

In the accompanying drawlngs Figure 1 is a view of a one piece bit head partly in section and partly in elevation with the cutters mount-ed thereon,'one cutter be in in outline only (without showing the teeth) and the other 'cutter in section.

Fig. 2 is a bottomplan view of the bit head with the cutters and their spindles re-- moved.

Fig. 3 is a plan view of spindle and its shank.

I Fig. 4 is a face view of the spindle, with tie the otted circle.

Fig. 5 is a view of the spindle detached.

Fig. 6 is a sectional view through spindle along the radial plane in which t e locking pin is located. 7 p

Fig. 7 is a face view of the base of the roller cutter. with only a few of the teeth shown.

Fig. 8 is a view of the locking pin detached. 1

Figs. 9, 10. 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 and 15 are views of a different embodiment of'the invention. v

In these drawings 1 'is the one piece bit head having an inverted V-shaped recess 2 at its lower end. in which the conical"roller cutters 3 are juxtaposed on opposite sides of the vertical axis, and are adapted to cut the whole area at the bottom of the hole.

The spindle 5* is of generally cylindrical form, but has steps .or shoulders 5'. It is formed in one iece with its shank 6* and with the base ange 11 adapted to ,fit the position of the locking pin indicated by seat recess 12 in the inclined side wall of the inverted, V shaped recess of the head. The base flange'may have an enlargement 23 with flat surfaces to fit a supplemental seat recess in the head.

The spindle isprovided with se mental wings 8", 9 with gates l0 between orming' a part of a bayonet joint connection between the spindle and the conical roller clitter. Another part of this bayonet joint connection is a locking pin. This has cylindrical ends or heads '24, 24 connected b a reducedneck portion 25. It is a'dapte to be seated in a recess 26 in the base of the spindle and in a partial extension 28 of said recess formed in the. side of the spindle. The upper head 24 of thelocking pin when in place fits in the recess 26 while the other head 24 fits in the partial or laterally open recess or extension28 and projects therefrom laterally from the side of the spindle to an extent substantially equal to the extent that the wings 8" and 9 project from the side of the spindle 'andsaid pin is intended to be positioned in the gate intermediate of the said wingsand in line with the gate between the win s or flanges. When seated the head 24 of the locking piece is circumferentially in line with the wings, while its neck is circumferentially in line with the space or groove 29 between the wing 8 or 9 and the face of the base 11* of the spindle.

The conical roller cutter has an interiorly adapted to receive the shouldered spindle. Another part of the bayonet joint connection consists of'the overhanging flanges 3" and .in position in the spindle. In performing this assembly the gates of the roller cutter are made to re ister with the wings 8" and 9* on the spin le, and the roller cutter by a movement in the direction of its axis is moved along the spindle until its overhangshouldered bore complementary to I and ing flanges come in line with the space or' groove 29 at the spindle. The roller cutter is then turned to make its flanges engage behind the wings and to bring one of its gates into line with the recess or seat 26-28 in the spindle .which is to receive the locking pin. The locking pin is then inserted and its head 24 passes through the gate in the flange of the roller cutter. The parts as thus assembled are inserted in the bit head with the shank 6 of the spindle in the socket 7 of said head. The base flange of the spindle is thereby seated against the ceiling of the seat recess 12* of the bit head and by this act the locking pin 24-2P is held in the position just described because its head 24 finds a bearing against said ceiling, and it will be held in proper posi-, tion'by hearing at one end against said ceiltween its gates. There being but two gates on thecutter formingelements of one part of the bayonet joint, and there being two complementary wings and a third element. i. e. the locking piece forming the elements of the other part of the bayonet joint, registry of the gates of the one part cannot take place with all of the elements of the otherpart at the same time,hence the roller cutter will be retained in proper working position on the spindle so long as the cutter organization is mounted in proper position in the bit head.

To take a cutter from the head it is necessary to remove the unit composed of the cutter, the spindle with its base and shank,

from the bit'head, in order that access may be had-to the locking piece, for its removal. To accomplish this removal of the locking piece after the unit is removed from the head, the roller cutter is turned so that one of its gates will register with the locking piece which is then withdrawn. The roller cutter is then turned until its gates register with the wings 8*, 9*, whereupon it may be withdrawn.

It Will'be observed that I provide a rugged construction for holdin the roller cutter on the spindle, the inter ocking parts being comparativel massive, not liableto freeze inlace, an registration of the parts and their interlockm being accomplished quickly and by or inary labor.

The insertion ofa unit into the head takes place without crossing the line of the vertical axis of'the drill head and the construction described permits the assembly of the roller cutters into. a one piece bit head hav- It will be noted further that the locking member is not subjected to thrust or wear excepting the comparatively slight degree r e sultin the ro ler cutter on the spindle and as to this its action is merely supplementary to the interlocking flanges of the bayonet joint and only at intervals i. e. when the gates and flanges register. At all other times during the revolution of the roller cutter the maintenance of the cutter in its prescribed position on the spindle will be taken by the flanges.

The spindle 5", its base ll -and its shank 6" are formed in one piece.

The locking pin is introduced into the spindle by moving it parallel with the axis thereof from its outer end, and from the top side or outer face of the base.

The spindle'may beheld in the head by any suitable means such as shown at 15*.

In Figures 9, 10, 10, 11, 12, 13,14: and 15,1 show a form of tool in which two frusto-conical sections of the roller cutters are mounted on the same spindle. Figs. 9

and 11 are partly in section on two diflerent planes and are diagrammatic 1n charac-' ter. The spindle 5" is hollow to receive the shank 3 of the small conical section of the roller cutter. This shank is provided with a flange 3 and a gate 3 to cooperate with wings on the interior of the spindle. .The wings may be provided by pieces like that shown in Figs. 8, 13 and 14, which are inserted into the spindle through openings 3 in the base flange. The piece which is inserted last may be said to be the locking piece of the first described construction as it performs the final act of locking the roller cutter to the spindle. These wings or looking pieces are.inserted from the back of the ,base flange and they will be held in place in their sockets by the wall of the head when the unit is. mounted in said head. They abut at their ends upon the bottoms 3 of the from preventing axial movement of sockets or recesses in the spindle. The wings or locking pieces need no special means for holding them in place, as they will be confined, like the locking piece previously described between the wall of the bit head and cept by taking the unit from the head. I

The other section 3 of the rotary "cutter will be mounted on the outer side of the spindle and it will be held in place .by the small. conical section.-

in Figs. 9, 10 and 11 or outside of said spin-i dle as shown in the first described form.

For convenience of terminology it will be understood that where the words on' the spindle are used inthe claims they mean either that the roller is mounted on the, outside of the spindle or on\ the inner side thereof, both forms being illustrated.

' The lockin g means for holding thespindle shank in the bit head is claimed in another case.

The specific form of the invention shown in Figs. 9 to 15 forms the subject of a divisional application.

'I claim:

1. In an earth boring drill the combination of a bit head, a roller cutter, a spindle with meansfor detachably holding it in the bit head, and a bayonet joint connection between the roller cutter and the spindle, 1n-

'cluding complementary flanges and gateson the-sp1ndle and roller cutter and a locking member removably mounted on the spindle and obstructing one of the gates to hold the roller to the spindle when the gates and flanges register, said'locking piece being held in'place by the wall of the head, substantially as described.

2. In an earth boring drill the combination of a bit head, a spindle with means for detachably holding it to the bit head, and having a recess to receive a locking pin, a roller cutter, said roller cutter and spindle having a bayonet joint connection between them, and a locking pin seated in the recess on the spindle, obstructing a gateway of the bayonet joint connection and preventing disengagement of the parts of said bayonet joint connection, said locking pin being inaccessible for removal except by removing the spindle with its attached roller cutter from the bit head, substantially as described.

3. In combination in an earth boringdrill,

a bit head, a spindle having a base portion seated against the head, and having a recess. a roller cutter, said roller cutter and spindle having a bayonet joint connection between them, and a locking piece seated in the recess of the base of the/spindle for preventing disconnection of the bayonet oint, said locking piece beingretained in position by the wall of the. head covering said recess and removable only for the detachment of the roller cutter when the spindle and roller cutter are removed from the head, substantially as described.

4. In combination in an earth boring drill, a bit head having .a substantially inverted V-shaped recess in its lower end, with a seat recess in the inclined wall thereof, a spindle having a base located in said seat recess and sustaining thrust by contact with the wall of said seat recess, a roller cutter,

said roller cutter and spindle having flanges to interengage, and a locking member seated removably in the base of the spindle and engagin the flange of the roller cutter to hold it on tie spindle, said locking member being retained by the wall of the head 'andiaccessible for placing or removing only when the spindle is detached from the head, substantially as described.

. 5. In anearth boring drill, the combination of a bit head, a roller cutter, a spindle with means for detachably holding it in the head, said spindle and roller cutter having a connection between them to retain the roller cutter in position when the cutter. bears one relation to the spindle in a'circumferential direction, and to permit removal of the roller cutter in another circumferential position, and a locking member to prevent removal of the roller in the last named position, said locking member being retained seated in the spindle by the wall of the head, and removable from its etfective position only when the spindle is removed from the head, substantially as described.

6Q. In combination in an earth boring drill, the combination of a bit head, a spindle removably mounted thereon, a roller cutter, a connection between the roller cutter L and the spindle comprising inter-engagingflanges, which are disengageable when the roller is in one position rotatively on said spindle, and a locking piece composed of two head portions with a reduced neck portion between, said locking piece being seated removably in the spindle with its lower head portion in line circumferentially with the flange on the spindle and its neck portion in line with the flange on the roller, said locking piece holding the roller cutter on the spindle when the flanges disengage, and being accessible for removal only when the spindle is removed from the head.

7. In combination in an earth boring drill, a bit head, a spindle extending inwardly and downwardly'towards the vertical axis of the head and having a shank extending into a socket with n the head and at an angle to the axis of the spindle. a connection between the spindle and roller comprising interengaging flanges and a locking pin spindle, flanges on the spindle and roller interengaging when the' roller occupies a certain position circumferentially of' the spindle and disengaging in another circumferential position of the roller to permit removal of the roller by a movement in the direction of the roller axis, and a locking pin inserted into'a recess in the spindle parallel with the axis of the spindle and from the outer end of the spindle and preventing said removal of the roller so long as said" scribe I 9. In combination in an earth boring apparatus,-a one piece bit head, a pair of oplocking pin-is in place, substantially as deposed eutters at the lower end thereof to cut the entire area at'the bottom of the hole, said cutters being juxtaposed on opposite sides of the vertical axis of the drill, and a one piece spindle and shankon which spindle one of the cutters. is assembled to be inserted with said spindle audits shank into the head as one unit and in close proximity to the previously assembled roller cutter, substantially as described.

10. In combination, a one piece head, a v

spindle and shank in one piece, a roller cutter mounted on the spindle, a flanged and gate connection between the roller and spindle, and a, locking piece inserted into a gate of the spindle after the roller cutter is mounted thereon to obstruct said gate against removal of the cutter, substantially as described. I

11. In combination in an earth boring I drill, a bit. head, a spindle carried thereby,

a roller cutter on the spindle, said spindle and roller cutter having a connection between. them comprising interengaging parts,

which hold the roller rotatively on the spindle when in one circumferential position and permit the roller 'to be removed axially when in another circumferential (position, and a locking piece insertible to an removable from the spindle for retaining the roller on the s 'indle in the last mentioned position, sai connection andlocking piece'permitting free rotation of the roller on the spindle.

12. An earth boring apparatus according to claini 11 in which the locking piece is-inserted in a direction from the outer end of the spindle towards the roller cutter.

'13. A roller cutter unit for earth boring drills comprising a spindle and a roller cutter, having complementary projections and gate spaces, and a locking piece insertible intoand removable from a seat on the s indle through the gate space of the roller into the gate space of the spindle, said projections and locking piece holding the roller against axial movement while allowing the same to rotate on the spindle, substantially as described.

14. A roller cutter unit according to claim 13 in which the spindle is provided with a shank extending at an angle thereto for insertion into the bit head, and a base surface to'bear against the bit head,'said base sur face being substantially at right angles to the spindle, said locking piece being inserted from the outer end of the spindle, substantially as described.

I 15. An earth boring drill according to claim '11 having a base flange at the outer end of the spindle bearing on the bit head, the lockingpiece being inserted through said base flange intothe spindle.-

16. A rotary earth boring drill'according to claim 11 in which a base flange is at the outer end of the spindle bearing upon the bit head and a shank extends at an inclina-- tion to said flange into the said head, the

docking piece belng inserted throu h {an shank, su sta-nopening at one side of the tially as described. I

17. An'earth boring drill having a bit head with a spindle thereon, a conical roller cutter covering the end of the spindle, said spindle and roller cutter having complementary projections and gate spaces permitting placing-or removal of the roller in one circumferential position and preventing removal of, the roller from the spindle in another circumferential positionof the roll- .er, and a locking piece insertible from the outer end of the spindle through the gate space of the roller cutter and into the gate space of the spindle to prevent removal of the roller when the gates registenwith the projections, said projections and. locking piece holding the conical roller cutter on'the spindle against axial movement while allowing free rotation, substantially as described.

18. An earth boring drill according to claim 17 inwhich the locking member has a laterally extending head portion in the spindle gate space, and a shank. portion lying to one side of the path described by the projection on the roller cutter.

19. In combination in an earth boring drill, a bit head, a spindle thereon, a roller cutter mounted on the spindle, said roller 7 having at least one gateway and a projecting portion, and said spindle having at least two projections severally complementary, to. the gateway, at least one of said rejections bein insertible into and remova 1e from operative relation' to said spindle, said spindle being attached to the roller cutter by movin it axiallyv relatively into the',bore of-the ro ler to pass its projection through the gateway, whereupon the roller is turned to present its gateway to the location of the other projection which is then inserted throu h said scribe gateway, substantially as de- 20, In combination in an earth borin apshank, on which spindle one of the cutters is paratus, a one piece bit head having aliore, assembled to be inserted with said spindle, and a recess in the lower wall, a pair of 0p the shank in the bore in the head and the posed cutters at the loyver end of the head base in the recess in the head. to cut the entire area at the bottom of the In testimony whereof I aflix my signahole, said cutters being juxtaposed on oppoture. site sides of the vertical axis of the drill, and

a one piece spindle having a base and a CLARENCE E. REED.

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