US1635522A

US1635522A - Fluid compressor

Info

Publication number: US1635522A
Application number: US233040A
Authority: US
Inventors: Wilson Edward
Original assignee: NAT PUMP AND COMPRESSOR COMPAN
Current assignee: NAT PUMP AND COMPRESSOR COMPAN; NATIONAL PUMP AND COMPRESSOR Co
Priority date: 1918-05-07
Filing date: 1918-05-07
Publication date: 1927-07-12
Anticipated expiration: 1944-07-12

Description

'July 12 1927. v E. WILSON FLUID COMPRESSOR 5 Sh eets-Sheet 1 Filed May 7. 1918 1 '1 1 y 927 E. WILSON FLUID COMPRESSOR 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Iviay '7. 1918 July 12 1927.

E. WILSON FLUID coMPREsspR I Filed May '7, 1918 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 July 12,1927. 1,635,522

E. WILSON FLUID COMPRES SOR Filed May 7. 1918 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 July 12 1927.

E. WILSON FLUID COMPRESSOR Filed May '7. 1918 5 Sheets-Sheet f Patented July 12,

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EDWARD WILSON, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI, ASSIGNOR, BY DIRECT AND MESNE AS- SIGNMENTS, TO NATIONAL PUMP AND COMPRESSOR COMPANY, OF ST. LOUIS, m

SOURI, A CORPORATION or DELAWARE. Y

rnum comrnnsson."

Application filed Kay 7, 1918. Scrial lflo. 233,040.

This invention'relates to air compressors,

blowers, pumps and the like, and has for itsobject, first, to produce a rotary compressor with automatic means to compensate for 6 wear of the moving surfaces of the compression cylinder, and to prevent leakage from the compression space. Second, to reduce friction and wear of the moving parts to a minimum. Third, to provide thorough lu- 19 brication of the moving surfaces. Fourth, to minimize the heating effect of compression upon the walls of the compressor cylinder by drawing the supply of flu1d through a section of the hollow shaft into the compres- 15 sion space and discharging the flu d after compression through another sect1on of the hollow shaft into a cooler, and causlng 1t to pass through the housing surrounding the cylinder on its course to a storage tank. 20 Fifth, to produce a rotary compressor of few parts, simple in construction and easily assembled. Sixth, to produce a rotar compressor from which the fluid 1s disc arged with uniform flow and without pulsatlon.

In the drawings- Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectlonal v1ew of my device.

Fig. 2 is an end view with the houslng head removed and part of the shaft 1n sec- 30 tion looking in the direction of the arrow in Fig. 3 is a cross section on the line 33 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is an enlarged end new of the rotor. Fig. 5 is a side view of the eccentric member or casing supporting the compression cylinder.

Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the rotor piston. 1 Fig. 7 is a diagramatic view showlng the manner of eccentrically mounting the cylinder.

Fig. 8 is an enlarged section of rotor and cylinder taken on line 88 of Fig. 1.

Fig.- 9 is a side view of rotor showing relative position ofports in rotor and the rotor piston.

Fig. 10 is a top plan View of my invention, more specifically bringing out the con- 50 struction by means of which the heat of compression around the compression cylinder is eliminated. v

Fig. 11 is a detail view of a portion of the rotor piston.

NOV 1 7 1951 Fig. 12 is a detail view of another portion of the rotor piston.

Referring to the drawings, 11 indicates a hous1ng,to which is attached heads 12 and 13. Attached to head 12 is a packing box 14, within which is a packing 15, surroundmgthe discharge end of shaft 16. Packin 15 1s ad]usted by spring actuated gland 1 and spring 18, which is compressed by means of cap 19 and nut 20, which is screwed on to packing box 14. Cap 19 has a discharge pipe connection 21 leading to any suitable cooling coil or device 22. (See Fig. 10). On head 12 is a pipe connection 22', which leads to any suitable storage tank or reservoir for the compressed fluid.

On housing 11 is a boss 23, to which is attached the pipe 24 returning from the cooler. (See Fig. 10). To the head 13 is attached an elongated packing box 25, which is provided with an intake pipe 26 communicating with its interior directly below the intake pipe, and within the bore of the packing box is placed a split spring control land 27, which is forced apart by means 0 the coil spring 28. This gland is provided with openings 29, which allow the air to enter bore 30 of shaft 16 through openings 31. The air thus admitted, passes into thejopening 32 formed in the rotor 33, and thence into the compression chamber 34.v This compression chamber 34 is formed between the rotary cylinder 35, rotor 33 and the floating heads 36, the rotary cylinder being mounted in member 37 on ball bearings 38 in an eccentric relation to rotor 33 and in contact therewith at point 39. Eccentric member 37 supporting cylinder is likewise mounted in-bearings D of housing 11 in an eccentric relation to cylinder 35. This 'eccentric shape of member 37 is for the purpose of maintaining a contact at point 39 between rotor 33 and cylinder 35, due to the turning effort of spring 40.

The shaft 16 is mounted concentric with the-housing 11 in ball bearings 41 located in the heads 12 and 13. On the end of the shaft 16, I provide a coupling 42, which is connected to its companion coupling 43, which coupling member is mounted preferably direct to amotor shaft 44.

The packing box 25 is provided with packing 45 and 46, which is placed on each side of the slit gland 27, and is tightened or made leak proof by means of the nut 47 and the sliding compression gland 48, and normally by the action of spring 28, at the same time allowing the air to enter the bore 30 of shaft 16.

On each end of the rotor 33, I provide the spring actuated members or float-ing heads 36 provided with elastic packing rings 36. These members or floating heads 36, at the beginning of the 0 eration of the compressor, are lightly hel in contaet'with the ends of the rotor by means of the coil springs 49. As the operation continues, and the compressed air reaches the casing or housing 11, the fluid ressure accumulated within said casing or ousing 11 exerts suflicient pressure, without the springs, to maintain a fluid ti ht contact with the ends of the rotor. In other words, after the compressor has been running, there will be suflicient fluid pressure in the casing or housing 11 tomaintain the floating heads in fluid tight contact with the ends of the rotor, without the action of the springs. These springs, however, in so far as they perform a necessary function, are one of the features of my improvement.

The fluid tight contact between the rotor 33 and the compression cylinder 35 at point 39 is maintained by means of the coil spring 40 acting to rotate eccentric member or casing 37. The pressure of spring 40 is ,regulated by means of the ad]usting screw 50, which is locked by means of the cap 51.

The housing 11 is rovided with an integral base section 52, t e bottom of which is closed by the base late 53, and the section 52 is further supplied with pipes 54'and 55 when it is desired to water cool the housing 11.

The housing 11 is provided with an oil drain 56 in its bottom and an oil suppl port 57 in its upper portion or top, the oi level bein shown inFigs. 1 and 2. The oil is conveyed to the several bearings by the rings 58 placed over the shaft 16 and dipping into the oil.

The rotor 33 is provided with flanges 59 at both ends and a longitudinal slot or pocket 60, in which the rotor piston 61 is located.

-The rotor piston 61 is com osed of the section 62, which is the full wi th of the rotor, and the two sections 63. (See Fig. 6). The sections 63 have a combined width slightly less than section 62, the object of which -is,-i-that compressed air entering the I ,space'64' between the sections will have a tendency toforce them apart and make a fluid tight' joint between them and the heads 36 of the compression chamber. The idea of making the rotor piston out of sections,

and providing between the sections, a space for compressed air, so that they may be adjusted by means of air pressure, I regard as another special feature of my improvement.

By reference to Figs. 6, 8 and 11 it will be observed that the section 62 is slightly tapered, and has its forward edges slightly curved, the object of which is to prevent the same from wedging or bindin in its movement. It will be observed, however, that the rounded edges are overlapped by the sections 63. It will be further observed that the section 62 is provided with the relief port 62 to permit the escape of air that is trapped in t e pocket.

After the air has been compressed in the chamber 34, it passes through poppet valves 65, thence through port 66, thence through port 67 of shaft 16; ports 66 and valves being located in the rotor forward and close to rotor piston 61. After leaving the shaft 16, through hole 67, it passes into cap 19, thence through pipe 21 into cooling coil 22, returning therefrom through pipe 24 into housing 11 at point 23, and hnall through pipe 22' to a suitable storage tani; or reservoir. It will be noted that suction bore 30 and discharge port 67 of shaft 16 are separated by a wall 68.

The pressure of the spring 40 is exerted on the lug 69 formed on one side of the eccentric member or casing 37, and has a tendone to turn the same.

y referring to Fig. 7, point A represents the center of rotation for the shaft 16 and rotor 33, as well as the center from which the outer circumference of the housing 11 is struck, the point B the center around which the compression cylinder 35 revolves,

and point C the center from whichthe bearings D for the eccentric member 37 are struck. (See Figs. 1 and 3.)

36 there is a space or chamber 69 formed in the ends of the rotor, by means of which the pressure on each side of the floating heads is partially equalized. (See Figs. 1 and 4). In the rotor pocket 60 (see Fig. 8) there is also a small chamber or space 70 for compressed air, by means of which the pressure on each side of the rotor piston 61 is partially equalized.

As previously pointed out, in operation, when the compressor has started, the springs 49 will maintain a fluid tight joint between the rotor and floating heads 36, but when ressure has been accumulated in the housmg 11, the fluid pressure therein will be suflicient to maintain a fluid tight joint, without the s rings, between the ends of the rotor and t e floating heads 36. In practical operation, the fluid pressure accumulated within the housing 11, acting on the floating heads 36, will maintain a fluid tight joint betwe en said heads and the ends of the rotor.

eta suitable air tank or receiver.

The idea of maintaining the heads 36 in fluid tight contact with the ends of the rotor,

by. means of fluid pressure generated'within the pressure equalization of the heads, as

previously pointed out, is one of the characteristic features of my improvement.-

As previously mentioned, the rotor 33 is held in fluid tight contact with the cylinder 35 by means of the spring acting on the eccentric member or casing .37 The eccentric member or casing 37 is laterally adjust able, relative to the rotor 33 and the shaft 16, and consequently the compression cylinder 35 being mounted orrarried on said member. 37, is therefor laterally adjustable relative to said shaft and the rotor mounted thereon.

By the rotation of the eccentric member or casing 37 through the agency of spring 40, or by any other instrumentality, the compression cylinder 35 is adjnsted laterally against the rotor. This adjustment is automatic in its action, and compensates for any wear between the compression cylinder and the rotor. This lateral adjustab'ility of the compression cylinder, relative to the rotor, constitutes another characteristic feature of my improvement.

My compressor is operated preferably by direct connection to a motor shaft 44 by any flexible coupling. The rotation of the motor produces rotation of shaft 16 and rotor 33, which isrigidly mounted on said shaft. During this operation, rotor piston 61 sweeps through compression chamber 34, causing air to be taken into said chamber 34 through the bore'30 of the hollow shaft 16, through port 32 into said chamber at the rear or behind piston 61'. At the same time, air in front of the piston in chamber 34 is being compressed, and is ultimately forced out through discharge valve 65, thence through port 66 into hole 67 of shaft 16, thence into cap 19 and through pipe 21 into the cooling coil 22, and then returns through pipe 24 into the chamber of the housing 11 at point 23, and thence through pipe 22 to It will be thus seen that the compressed .air passing through the cooler 22, gives up the heat of compression, and in its return passage through the housing surrounding the cyl inder 35, absorbs the heat of compression from the cylinder walls.

During this operation, cylinder 35 being in frictional contact with the revolving rotor at point 39, revolves therewith on, cylinder bearings 38. This causes a low surface speed between the elements forming the compression cylinder and the elements of the rotor,

with conset' uent' reduction of friction between the moving surfaces thereof.

It will be understood that during the compression, the position of the compression chamber 34 is not changed, notwithstanding the fact that all the surfaces thereof are moving, and the rotor piston 61 sweeps through this chamber just as it would if the cylinder'were stationary. The rotor piston 61,. during this operation, under the, in-' flucncc of centrifugal force, is continually held out against the wall of the cylinder 35,

andis forced back into the piston pocketGO as it' approaches the rolling contact 39. It

will be observed, as previously mentioned, that the compression chamber is formed between the walls of cylinder 35, rotor 33 and floating heads 36.

A fluid tight jointis maintained. at point 39 by the action of spring 40, which tendsto turn eccentric casing 37 in its bearings D in housing 11. This action, by virtue of the eccentricity of this member with relation to cylinder 35, tends to move the cylinder laterally against the rotor 33, due to the fact that the thin side of eccentric member 37 or the portion adjacent to the spring abutment is adjacent to point 39. (See Figs. 3 and 7 Fluid tight joints are also maintained at the ends of rotor 33 by floating heads 36, which areinitially held in contact with flanges 59 of the rotor by the action of springs 49. It will be understood, as previously mentioned, that springs 49 exert, at

the beginning of compression, only slight pressure, and when air has been compressed in the chamber of housing 11 to an appreciable amount, it acts in conjunction with springs 49 to maintain this fluid tight contact bet-ween heads 36and flanges 59 of rotor 33.

It will be understood that the action 'of' leaving a comparatively f narrow flange 59 around the peripheryg' of the rotor and the rotor piston slot or pocket By forming these chambers or cavities 69, moval of metal from the, ends of rotor, air is permitted, under the pressure existing in housing 11, to enter Said cavities or chamby the re}.

acts, as shown more by routing, to formthe chambers 69, and I bers 69 between the endsof rotor 33' and heads 36, thereby partially equalizing the pressure acting upon these heads, and reducing the friction load accordingly.

As previously pointed out, the rotor piston 61 is forced outwardly against the cylinder wall 35 by centrifugal action, and inwardly by virtue of the eccentric mounting of the compression cylinder relative to the rotor. In operation, the pressure in front of the rotor piston, it will be understood, is far 1n excess of that in the rear, which has a tendency to prevent the operation of the rotor piston in its pocket by virtue of the friction produced between the rotor piston and the rear wall of the piston pocket. In order to overcome this, I have formed in the rear of the rotor piston, a pocket or chamber 70, (see Fig. 8) partially formed in the rear wall of the pocket, and partially formed in the rear face of the rotor piston. In operation, compressed air enters this chamber in the rear of the rotor piston through port 71 of the rotor and port 7 2 of the rotor piston. thus tending to equalize the pressure on the rotor piston. This method of equalizing the pressure on the front and rear faces of the rotor piston constitutes another important feature of my improvement.

It is essential in devices of this character that the same should be thoroughly lubricated, and I have accomplished this by placing the oil in the housing 11 through port 57, and the oil is distributed to the various parts within the housing, bearings etc. by means of oil rings 58, which are on shaft 16, and revolve with said shaft.

It will be observed from Fig. 1 that there is an unbalanced pressure area on the heads 36, this is caused by the flanges 59 of the rotor contacting with these heads on thelr inner faces, so that under normal operation there will always be a slightly greater pressure exerted on the heads in a direction toward the rotor, than an outward pressure, but should any sudden rise of pressure, in excess of the inward pressure, be exerted in the compression chamber, the floating heads will move outward and open up a gap between the heads 36 and flanges 59 and relieve the excess pressure from the compression chamber by permitting it to escape through this gap into the cylinder to the rear of the piston, and also through the central opemngs formed in thecylinder heads into the housing 11. As soon as this excess pressure has been relieved and equalized on both sides of the floatingheads" 36, they are then forced inward and again seal the compression chamber.

Having fully described my invention, what I. claim is 1. An air compressor comprising a stationary housing, a shaft mounted therein, :1 casing eccentrically mounted in said housing, means for adjusting said casing, a rotating cylinder provided with fixed and floating heads eccentrically mounted in said casing, ballvbearings carried by the fixed heads, a rotor provided with inlet and outlet ports eccentrically mounted in said rotating cylinder, and a rotor piston tangentially and reports eccentric-ally mounted in said rotating cylinder and a rotor piston mounted in said rotor in advance of the inlet ports in the rotor, the said rotor, piston, cylinder and floating heads forming a compression chamber, the said floating heads being held in fluid tight contact with the ends of the rotor by fluid pressure generated by the compressor, and confined within the housing.

3. In a rotary air compressor an adjustable rotating cylinder provided with float v ing heads unrestrained from inward movement within the cylinder except by the rotor,

a rotor provided with peripheral flanges and with inlet ports and valved outlet ports eccentrically mounted within said rotating cylinder, the said floating heads being held in fluid tight contact with the flanges of the rotor by means of fluid pressure generated by the compressor, and a. piston blade tangenti lly and reciprocatingly mounted in the ro,.or.

4. An air compressor comprising aIi automatically laterally adjustable rotating cyl inder, floating heads mounted wholly within the cylinder and unrestrained from inward movement thereby, a rotor provided with peripheral flanges and with inlet ports and valved outlet ports eccentrically mounted within said cylinder, said floating heads being held in fluid tight contact with the flanges of the rotor both by spring and by fluid pressure generated by the compressor.

5. In a rotary air compressor, a housing, an eccentric member Inounted in said housing, a connection between said housing and eccentric member for adjusting the latter, a compression cylinder carried by said eccentric member, floating heads for said compression cylinder, a rotor provided with inlet ports and valved discharge ports, a rotor piston tangentially mounted in said rotor between said ports, and a chamber in the rear of said rotor piston for equalizing the pressure on the opposite faces thereof.

6. In a rotary air compressor, a hollow driven shaft, a rotor rigidly mounted thereon, said rotor being provided with inlet ports communicating with said shaft, and

valved discharge ports also communicating with said shaft, there being a partition formed in said shaft for separating said ports, a piston pocket tangentially formed in said rotor, having a chamber formed in its rear wall communicating with the compression chamber of the cylinder, and a centrifugally operated iston mounted in said pocket, and lirterail y adjustable by fluid pressure. w

7. In a rotary air compressor, acompression cylinder provided with floating heads, a rotor eccentrically mounted therein, means for laterally adjusting the cylinder against the rotor to maintain fluid tight contact between it and said rotor, a piston tangentially carried by the rotor, and means for equalizing the pressure on the opposite faces 0 said floating heads and said piston, so as to maintain fluid tight joints between the rotor and the floating heads without undue friction, and to maintain fluid tight joints between said piston, floating heads and rotor 4 without undue friction.

acting between the sections, and means simultaneously adjusting both ends of the 8. In a rotary air compressor, a housing, a member carried thereby, a compression cylinder carried by said member, a rotor eccentrically mounted in said compression cylinder, automatic means for actuating said member to move the compression cylinder laterally against said rotor in a direction at right angles to the axis of said rotor, and a rotorpiston carried by said rotor centrifugally actuated in an outward direction.

9. In a rotary air compressor, an adjustable cylinder, heads independently movable relative to said cylinder, a rotor eccentrically mounted in said cylinder, a centrifugally operated piston blade tangentially mounted in said rotor, and a housing acting as a receiver for the air compressed by the compressor surrounding said cylinder.

10. In a rotary air compressor a rotating cylinder, an eccentrically mounted rotor within the .cylinder, a sectional rotor piston tangentially mounted in said rotor, said rotor piston capable of being laterally adjustable by fluid pressure generated within the compression chamber of the cylinder afnd or cylinder to and from the rotor whereby an accurate and uniform adjustment may be effected between the cylinder and the rotor through its entire length.

11. An air compressor comprising a housing, a shaft mounted therein, anti-friction bearings secured to and mounted on said shaft, a casing mounted in said housing, means for adjusting said casing relative to said shaft, a rotating cylinder mounted on antifriction bearings in' said casing, a rotor provided with inlet and valved discharge ports eccentrically mounted in said rotating cylinder on said shaft,

and a sectional rotor iston, the sections whereof are actuated lhterally by fluid pressure, tangentially mounted in said rotor, the said rotor and cylinder forming a compression chamber.

12. An air compressor comprising a stationary housing, ashaft mounted therein,

anti-friction bearings carried by said a cas ng mounted in the housing, means for yieldingly ad usting said casing, a rotat' compress oncylinder provided on each diid with anti-friction bearings mounted in said casing, a. rotor provided with inlet and valved discharge ports eccentrically mounted in saidrotatmg com ression cylinder and a rotor piston mountedij being a tflpiiecl imber in, the rear of said to or pis n n in to e ualize the res on op osite sides fliereo i. p sure 13. a rotary air compressor a com ression cylinder having at each end as fixe and a floating head, a rotor eccentrically mount-I ed therein, a rotor piston carried tangentialu .said rotor, there ly mounted in said rotor, a chamber formed v in each end of the rotor for equalizing the pressure on the floating heads, a chamber formed in the rear of the rotor piston for equalizing the pressure on the faces of said piston, and automatic means for adjusting the compression cylinder ;to and from the rotor. I 14. Ii a rotary air compressor, a compression cylinder, a rotor eccentrically mounted there n, a rotor piston carried by said rotor, and automat c means for adjusting said com pression cylinder towards the rotor and at right angles to the axis of rotation of said rotor.

15. In a rotary air compressor a rotating compression cylinder, having fixed and floating heads, a 'rotor' eccentrically mounted within said cylinder, said rotor provided in each end with a chamber for equalizing the pressure on the floating heads, a rotor piston, a chamber formed in the rear of said iston for equalizing the pressure on the aces of sa d ston, and elastic means for holding said oat ng heads in fluid tight contact on the ends of the rotor.

16. In a rota air compressor a rotating compression cy inder, a rotor having a chamber in each end eccentrically mounted in said rotating cylinder, automatic means for ad usting said compression cylinder towards the rotor and at right angles to the axispf rotation of said rotor, movable heads carried by said cylinder and contacting with the ends of 'said rotor, and elastic means for holding said heads in fluid tight contact with the ends of the rotor.

17. An air compressor comprising a housmg the ends of said drum, said drum having cylinder walls is dissipatedpr neutralized.

18. An air compressor comprisin a stationary housing, a shaft revolvab e upon antifnction bearin mounted therem, a

rotor mounted on sa1d shaft, a iston mounted in said rotor, a chamber ormed in the rear of said piston for equalizin the pressure on the o posite faces thereof, and a rotating cylind e r with floating heads adjustabl mounted upon anti-friction bearin wi said housing, the said rotor, piston, cylinder and floating heads forming a compression chamber, the surfaces of which move upon one another, a quantity of oil in the housing and oil rin s mounted on said shaft adi'jaicent said cylin er dipping into the oil for posing, lubricant over the moving surfaces of the lamps of the compression chamber and the antifriction bearings, and automatic means for adjusting the cylinder to the rotor.

19. In a machine of the class described the combination ofa barrel to receive 1 fluid and having heads, a rotary drum eccentrica y mounted in said barrel, 8. single blade guided to slide in and out in said drum as the drum rotates, and including a pair of packing plates within said barrel for engaga ressure-e ualizing chamber on the rear si e of said lade remote from the working side o said blade, and means for'maintaining communication between said equalizing chamber and the working chamber of the barrel to equalize the lateral forces exerted on the opposite sides of said blade.

20. In a rotary air com ressor the combination of a rotating cylin er provided with heads a rotor eccentrically mounted in said cylinder and in contact therewith, a centrifugally actuated piston blade mounted in said rotor and arranged for makin a fluid tight contact with the cylinder wal and heads, a

pressure equalizing chamber located in the rear of sa1d piston blade, and meansfor maintaining communication between said equalizing chamber and the compression chamber of the cylinder.

ingscylinder, floating heads for closing the e of said 0 linder, a rotor eccentrically mounted in sai cylinder, a piston blade tangentially mounted in said rotor, and a housing capable of holding air under pressure surrounding said rotating cylinder, said housing acting as an initial receiver for the compressed air, said compressed air acting to hold the floating heads in fluid tight 'contact w1th the cylinder and rotor.

23. An air compressor comprising a rotatmgi cyl1nder, floatmg heads for closing the en s of sa1d cyhnder, a rotor eccentrically mounted 1n sa1d c linder, a piston blade tangentially mounte in said rotor, a housing capable of holding air under pressure surroundlng sa1d rotating cylinder, said housmg actmg as an initia receiver for the compressed air, sa1d compressed air acting to old the floating heads in fluid tight contact with the cylinder and rotor, and means for simultaneousl adjusting the entire cylinder to and from t e rotor and in accurate alignment therewith throughout the entire length.

24. An air compressor comprising a rotatlng cyl1nder,.floatin heads for closing the ends of said cylin. er, a rotor eccentrically mounted in said cylinder, a piston blade tangentlally mounted in said rotor, a housing capable of holding air under pressure surrounding said rotatmg cylinder, said housing acting as an initial receiver for the compressed air, sa1d compressed air acting to hold the floating heads in fluid tight contact w1th thecylinder and rotor, and means including the eccentric member for simultaneously ad uStmg the entire cylinder to and from the rotor and in accurate alignment therewith throughout the entire length.

25. In a rotary air compressor, a piston composed of a solid portion having one end wlder than the other, and the wider portion having its forward edges curved, and a pair of movable sections actuated laterally by flu1d pressure acting between the sections. 26. An air compressor comprising a housmg, a hollow shaft mounted therein, a r0- tatlng compression cylinder mounted in said houslng, floatin heads for said cylinder, a rotor mounted 1n said cylinder, automatic means for ad usting said cylinder relative to sa1d rotor, a rotor piston mounted in said rotor, and a coollng device communicating with the compression chamber and the housmg whereby the air from the compression chamber is conducted to and through the cooling device before coming in contact with the external walls of the cylinder, thereby preventing the cylinder from rotating in the hot gases generated by the compressor.

27. In a compressor of the character descr bed, 21. casm a rotary iston, a rotary c hnder there or mounte eccentrically t ereto and havlng. a portion of its inner .wall engaging a portion of the peripheral wall of the piston, the remaining portions of sa1d walls bem spaced apart to form a compressng chaml grbbetween them, supporting mem ers carrie y the c linder at the site ends thereof, y Oppo lnder and lnterposed between said members and means within the cyl- I and the adjacent ends of the cylinder and piston and operating under a differential of gas pressure in the casing for closing the ends of the compressing chamber'and effecting gas tight j oints with the ends of the piston and with the interior of the cylinder respectively.

28. In a compressor of the kind described a rotary piston, a cylinder therefor mounted rotatably and eccentrically thereto and actuated thereby terminal heads carried by the cylinder, trunnions on the heads, and a rotary wedge ring spanning the cylinder and co-operating with the trunnions for controlling the eccentricity between the rotatlon axes of the cylinder and piston.

29. In a compressor of the character described a rotary piston, a cylinder therefor mounted rotatably and eccentrically thereto, and rotated thereby, terminal heads carried by the cylinder, trunnions on the heads,

.a drive-shaft for the piston passing freely through the trunnions of the cylinder heads, bearings for the shaft and for the trunnions of the cylinder heads, and a rotary wedge ring spanning the cylinder and co-operating with the trunnions thereof for maintaining proper engagement between the cylinder and piston. 30. In a compressor of the character described, a rotary piston, a cylinder therefor I mounted rotatably and eccentrically thereto and rotated thereby, terminal heads carried by the cylinder, trunnions on the heads a drive shaft for the piston passing freely through the aforesaid trunnions, a casing hearings in the casing for the support of the shaft, annular rings each provided with a race-way for anti-friction bearing bodies supporting the trunnions of the cylinder heads, and a rotary wedge ring spanning the cylinder and surrounding the annular mugs and operating to maintain proper contact between the inner wall of the cylinder and the periphery of the piston.

31. In a rotary machine, the combination of a rotary piston, a rotatable cylinder comprising a cylindrical shell enga ing the face of said piston and rotated there y, said cylinder having heads, and mounted to rotate about an axis eccentric to the axis of rotation of the piston, adjustablemembers constituting bearings on which sa1d cylinder rotates, and means for yieldingly forcing said adjustable members in a direction to maintain said shell in contact with the face of the piston.

32. In a rotary compressor, the combina-' tion of a rotatable cylinder having a cylindrical shell and heads, a rotatably mounted piston within said cylinder engaging the inner face of said shell and operating to rotate said cylinder, eccentric rings rotatably supporting the cylinder on the axis of rotation eccentric to the axis of rotation of the piston, and means tending to rotate said eccentric rings in a direction to maintain contact between the piston and said shell.

33. In a rotary compressor the combination of a casing, a rotatable piston, a rotatable cylinder having heads and a cylindrical shell engaging the face of the piston and rotated t ereby, eccentric rings mounted on sa1d casing and supporting said cylinder to rotate on an axis of rotation eccentric to the axls of rotation of the piston, and means tendlng to rotate said eccentric rings in a direction to maintain the shell in contact with the face of the piston.

34. In a rotary compressor,'the combination of a cylinder mounted to rotate, a drum eccentrically mounted therein, engagin the wall of the cylinder, said cylinder and rum co-operating to form a compression chamber, means for admitting a fluid to said compression chamber, floating heads rotating with the drum and cylinder, disposed against the ends of the drum and constituting the end walls of the compression chamber, said compressor having receiving chambers on the outer sides of said floating heads for receiving the fluid under pressure, the fluid pressure in said receiving chambers opcrating to hold the floating heads yieldingly against the ends of the drum, whereby the floating heads may move outwardly to relieve sudden excessive pressure within the cylinder. I

35. In a rotary compressor thefcombination of a cylinder mounted to rotate in a casing, a rotor eccentrically mounted therein engaging the wall of the cylinder, a shaft extending concentricallythrough said rotor, said cylinder and rotor co-operating to form a compression chamber, means for admitting a fluid to said compression chamber,

a casing mounted in said housing, means for adjusting said casing, a rotating cylinder provided with floating heads mounted in said casing, a rotor provided with inlet and outlet ports eccentrically mounted in said rotating cylinder, and a piston mounted in said rotor, the said rotor, piston, cylinder, and floating heads forming a compression chamber in which said piston operates, the

said floating heads being held in fluid tight contact with the ends of the rotorby fluid pressure generated by the compressor 37. In a rotary air compressor a rotating compression cylinther, a rotor having a chamber in each end eccentrically mounted in said rotating cylinder, means for adjusting said compression cylinder toward the rotor and-at right angles to the axis ofrotation of said rotor, movable heads for said cylinder, and elastic means for holding said heads in fluid tight contact with the ends of the rotor.

'38. In a compressor of the character described a rotating shaft, a rotary piston carried by said shaft, a rotary cylinder therefor mounted eccentrically thereto within a casingand having a portion of its inner wall engaging a portion of the peripheral Wall of the piston, the remaining portions of said walls being spaced apart to form a compression chamber between them, suitable members carried by the cylinder at opposite ends thereof for supporting said cylinder, and movable heads located between said! members and the ends of the compression chamber and operating under a difi'erential ofigas pressure within the casing for sealing said compression chamber.

39. In a rotary compressor the combination of a casing,'a rotating cylinder having heads for closing the ends thereof mounted in said casing, a rotary piston eccentrically mounted in said rotating cylinder, a rotating shaft extending axially through said rotor, a piston blade mounted in said rotary piston, a pressure equalizing chamber in the rear of theblade, and means for admitting fluid pressure from the compression side of said blade into said equalizing chamber for equalizing the pressure on opposite sides of said blade to reduce friction tending to restrict the free movement of said blade.

40. In a rotary compressor the combination of a housing arranged to hold pressure generated by the compressor, a rotating cylinder, a rotor eccentrically mounted in said rotating cylinder, means for rotating said rotor, a piston mounted in said rotor, said rotating cylinder and rotor being mounted in thehousing, movable heads for closing the ends of said cylinder aeted on by gas pressure from said housing.

ll. In a rotary compressor the combination with a casing, of a rotating cylinder, a shaft extending through said casing and cylinder, a rotor secured to said shaft and eccentrically mounted in said rotating cylinder,- a piston mounted in said rotor, the said rotating cylinder, rotor and piston cooperating to form a compression space with in the cylinder, movable heads for closing the ends of said compression space, and means for yieldingly holding said heads in fluid tight contact with the ends of said compression space.

42. In a rotary compressor the combination of a cylinder, a rotor eccentrically constituting the end walls of the compresduct for leading the fluid into the compresmounted in said cylinder and co-operating therewith to form a compression chamber, means for rotating said rotor, floating heads disposed against the ends of the rotor and sion chamber, and means for admitting fluid pressure to the outer sides of the floating heads to hold the same yieldingly a ainst the ends of the rotor, whereby said heads may relieve sudden excess pressure from within said cylinder.

43. In a rotary compressor the combination of a cylinder, a rotor eccentrically mounted within the cylinder and co-operating therewith -to form a compression chamw her, floating heads disposed against the ends of the rotor and constituting the end walls of the compression chamber, and means for admitting fluid pressure to the inner sides and the'outer sides of the floating heads, the area exposed to the fluid pressure on the outer sides of the floating heads being slightly greater than the exposed area on the inner sides of the floating heads whereby the heads are pressed by a relatively small force against the ends of the rotor. v

44. In a rotary compressor the combination of a cylinder, a rotor eccentrically mounted in the cylinder and co-operating therewith to form a compression chamber, a floating head disposed against the end of the rotor, said floating head constituting theend wall of the compression chamber, means for admitting the fluid under pressure to the outer side of the floating head, the end of said rotor having a recess formed therein to which the fluid pressure isadmitted to partially counterbalance the fluid pressure on the outer side of the head, the area exposed to the fluid pressure on the outer side of the head being slightly in excess of the exposed area on the inner side of the head, thereby producing a slight excess of force on the outer side of the head to hold the same against the end of the rotor which will permit the head to move outwardly if a dangerous pressure occurs within the cylinder.

45. In a rotar compressor the combination of a casing aving a stuffing box, a rotary compressor within said casing,a shaft for said compressor rotatably mounted in said stuffing box, and having a longitudinal bore, a part whereof constitutes an intake sor, said shaft having intake openings throughthe wall thereof at said stufling box for admitting the fluid into the intake duct, another part of said bore constituting an outlet duct for leading out said fluid, means located within said bore for separating said due-ts from each other. and means for effectin g the circulation of lubricating oil over the parts of said compressor.

46. In a rotary COIl'lPlOSSOI the combination of a casing comprising a body and a pair of heads attached to the ends of said body, a shaft rotatably mounted in said heads, a rotor carried by said shaft, the

ends of said body having a bore eccentric to the axis of the shaft, an eccentric mounted in said bores, and having bearings eccentric to the axis of said shaft, a rotating cylinder mounted in said last named bearings, and means for adjusting the position of said eccentric to regulate the contact of the cylinder with the rotor.

47. In a rotary compressor the combination of a casing comprising a body and a pair of heads attached to the ends of said body, a shaft rotatably mounted in said heads, a rotor carried by said shaft, said casing having bores eccentric to the axis ofsaid shaft, an eccentric mounted in said bores, and having bearings eccentric to the axis of said shaft, a rotating cylinder mounted in said last named bearings, and means for adjusting the position of said eccentric to regulate the contact of the cylinder with the rotor.

48. In a rotary compressor the combination with a casing having a shaft mounted therein, of a cylinder, a rotor eccentrically mounted in said cylinder on said shaft, and co-operating therewith to form a compression chamber, floating heads disposed at the ends of said rotor and constituting the end walls of said compression chamber, and means for developing a differential effective pressure on the sides of the floating heads to hold the same against the ends of the rotor, and to prevent leakage past the heads of the fluid being compressed, except in the event a sudden and relatively great excess of pressure is created within said cylinder.

49. In a rotary compressor the combination with a pressure receiving casing of a rotating cylinder mounted therein, a rotor" eccentrically mounted in the cylinder and cooperating therewith to form a compression chamber, a shaft extending through said casing for placing said rotor in rotation, movable heads disposed at the ends of the rotor and constituting the end walls of the compression chamber, and means for developing pressure within the casing and on the sides of the movable heads to hold the same against the ends of the rotor, and prevent leakage past the heads of the fluid being compressed.

50. In a rotary compressor a-housing, a shaft revolvable on anti-friction bearings mounted therein, a rotor mounted on said shaft, a piston mounted in said rotor, a 1'0- tating cylinder provided with floating heads adjustably mounted on anti-friction bearings within said housing, the said rotor, piston,-

cylinder and floating heads forming a compression chamber, an oil reservoir, a cooling device in communication with the compression chamber, means for taking the oil from .the oil reservoir for disposing the oil over the moving surfaces of the elements of the compression chamber and into the sa e, said cooling device acting to condense the oil vapor discharged from the compressor and returning it to the oil reservoir. 51. An aircompressor comprising a housing, a shaft mounted therein, an eccentric in said-housing supporting a rotating cylinder, a rotor on said shaft, pressure actuated heads for said cylinder, said housing being arranged to hold fluid pressure foractuating said heads.

52. In an air compressor, a housing arranged to hold fluid under pressure, a rotating. cylinder within said housing, a rotat- 'ing plston within said cylinder and eccentric thereto operating within said fluid pressure, said cylinder beingT'provided with movable heads for sealing the ends thereof and acted upon by pressure from within said housing.

53. In an air compressor, a. housing arranged to-receive and hold fluid under pressure, a rotating compressor within said housing enveloped in said fluid, said compressor being arranged to discharge compressed fluid into said housing, and means for admitting fluid to be compressed into said compressor, said compressor including a rotating cylinder provided with movable heads for sealing the ends thereof, acted upon by said pressure.

5a. In an air compressor, a housing arranged to hold fluid under pressure, a rotary compressor within said housing enveloped in said fluid, an oil reservoir, means for supplying oil to said compressor from said reservoir to lubricate the parts thereof, said oil and fluid under pressure forming an oil seal for said compressor to prevent leakage of the fluid under pressure into said compressor.

55. An air compressor comprising a housing, a shaft mounted therein, aneccentric mounted in said housing eccentrically thereno to, a rotor mounted on said shaft, a rotating cylinder provided with floating heads mounted in said eccentric, the floating heads of said cylinder being held against the ends of the rotor by fluid pressure within said housing.

56. In an air compressor, a rotary cylinder mounted for rotation within a housing, movable heads for the cylinder and a rotary piston eccentrically mounted in said cylinder and adapted to have rolling contact therewith, saidhousing being arranged tohold fluid under pressure generatedby the compressor.

57. In a machine of the class described a housing, arranged to hold fluid under pressure, a compressor mounted within the housing enveloped in said pressure, and an oil reservoir, a cooling device in communication with said compressor, means for distributmg oil from said reservoir over the moving surno shaft rotatably mounted in said heads, a.

rotor carried by said shaft, said'casing having a bore eccentric to the axis of said shaft, an eccentric mounted in said bore, a rotatin cylinder mounted in said eccentric, an

means for adjusting the position of said eccentric to regulate the contact of the cy1- inder with the rotor.

-59. In a rotaryair compressor, a housing, a rotor iston mounted in said housing, a revolvabfia cylinder provided with movable heads for and eccentric to said piston, means for holding said cylinder in position with relation to said rotor so that a rolling contact between said piston and cylinder is maintained, said housing being arranged to hold fluid under set forth;

60. In an air compressor a housing arranged to hold fluid under pressure, a rotor piston mounted in said housing, a revolvable cylinder for said piston, movable heads for closing the ends of said cylinder, the fluid under pressure in the housing enveloping said cylinder and acting on said heads to hold them in position during the operation of the compressor.

61. In a rotary compressor the combination of a housing arranged to hold fluid under pressure, a rotatable cylinder, a rotor piston eccentrically mounted in said cylinder, said cylinder and rotor piston having a rolling contact and co-opcrating to form a compression chamber, floating heads for the cylinder constituting the end walls of said com ression chamber, and held in position by uid pressure from said housing.

62. In a fluid compressor the combination with a housing of a cylinder rotatably mounted therein, a rotor piston ecccntrically mounted in the cylinder, means for rotating said rotor, said cylinder and rotor piston having a rolling contact and co-operating to form a compression chamber, relief heads for said cylinder constituting the end walls of said compression chamber and means for admitting fluid pressure to the outer sides of the relief heads to hold the same in position against the rotor during the operation of the compressor.

63. In a rotary air compressor, a cylinder, a rotary mounted in said cylinder, and cooperating therewith to form a compression chamber, a piston blade carried by said rotor and traversing said chamber operating in a guide slot, and means for admitting pressure for the purposes,

mounted in said cylinder, means for rotating said rotor, a, single piston blade carried by .said rotor and operating in a guide slot, a

pressure chamber in the rear face of said piston blade, and means for admitting fluid pressure to said pressure chamber from the bottom of said slot. 1 I

65. In a compressor, a housing arranged to hold fluid pressure, a rotating cylinder compressor mounted within the housing and enveloped in said fluid pressure, an oil reservoir, and means for distributing'oil to the parts of said compressor and into said compressor for lubricating the same;

66. In a rotary compressor, a casing, a rotary piston, a rotary cylinder Within said casing and eccentric to said piston and coacting with said piston to form a pressure chamber, said cylinder being rotated by engagement with said piston, and an eccentric bore in said casing for supporting said cylinder.

67. In a compressor, a casing arranged to hold fluid under pressure, a shaft mounted for rotation therein, a rotor piston carried by said shaft, a cylinder for said piston eccentric thereto, a rotatable housing surrounding the cylinder and affording bearings therefor, an eccentric bore in said casing and an eccentric bearing on said rotatable housing co-acting with said eccentric bore to form a supporting bearing for said rotatable housing, said supporting hearing being eccentric to the axis ofsaid shaft in the same direction as the eccentricity of the cylinder thereto, whereby, upon rotating said housing the cylinder bearings and cylinder may be moved to secure contact of the rotor with the wall of the cylinder.

68. In a compressor, a casing having a shaft rotatably mounted therein, airotor carried by said shaft, a cylinder surrounding said rotor, and having. its bore eccentric tofor rotating said rotor, a rotatable cylinder eccentrically surrounding said rotor, a piston blade carried by the rotor and gu ded to slide in and out ofsaid rotor as the same rotates and to be in constant contact with the interior of said cylinder, a pressure chamber in the rear of said piston blade,

means for admitting fluid pressure into said pressure chamber for the purpose set forth, and a pressure receiving casing surrounding said cylinder.

7 O. In a rotary compressor, a rotor, a cylinder surrounding the rotor, a blade slot in said rotor and a. piston blade guided to slide in and out of said slot, a pressure chamber in the rear of said blade, means for admitting fluid-pressure into the chamber, said pressure chamber being formed partly 1n the rotor and partly in the said piston blade whereby the pressure area of said blade ad jacent said pressure chamber is increased as the blade moves inward in said blade slot.

71. An air compressor, comprising a housing arranged to hold fluid under pressure, a rotating piston mounted in the housing, a rotary cylinder for said piston rotated thereby, floating heads for closing the ends of said cylinder, said floating heads being held in position by said fluid pressure as and for the purpose specified.

72. In a compressor, a housing, a rotary compressor within said housing comprising a cylinder and rotating piston mounted therein, a movable head for said cyllnder, said housing being arranged to hold fluid under pressure, enveloping said cylinder for holding said head in position during the operation of said compressor;

73. In a machine of the class described, a compressor comprising a rotatively mounted cylinder, and a piston rotatively mounted eccentrically within the cylinder in contact therewith, capable of unlimited rotative movement relatively thereto and adapted to rotate saidcylinder, said piston being provided with a slot, and a piston plate movably mounted in said slot and adapted to make contact with the inner surface of the cylinder, andinlet and valved outlet ports, of a housing arranged to hold fluid under pressure enveloping said compressor, floating heads forclosing the ends of said cylinder, the fluid pressure within said housing acting to hold said floating headsin position during the operation of the compressor.

7 4. In a compressor a rotatively mounted cylinder, a rotor piston rotatively mounted eccentrically within the cylinder in contact therewith and adapted to rotate said cylinder, there being a compression s ace formed between said rotor piston and cy inder, floating heads for closing the ends of said compression space, said heads having a movement relatively to the cylinder and relatively to said rotor iston, and elastic means for holding said oating heads in position during the operation of the compressor, whereby, to relieve excess pressure within the cylinder, reduce friction and leakage and provide self acting means to compensate for wear which wear would otherwise cause a constantly increasingvolume of leakage.

75. In a rotary air compressor, a rotating compression cylinder, a rotor mo ted eccentrically in the cylinder, a piston blade carried by said rotor and operating in a blade slot extending from end to end of the rotor, floating heads for the cylinder, and a chamber in each end of the rotor formed by a relatively narrow flange extending around the periphery of the end faces of the rotor and around the edges of the blade purpose specified.

76. In a rotary air compressor, a housing arranged to hold fluid pressure, a rotating compression cylinder, a rotor eccentrically mounted in the cylinder, means for rotating said, rotor projecting from said housing, floating heads for the compression cylinder, the said rotor having a chamber formed in the end faces thereof, the said fluid pressure acting upon said floating heads as and for the purpose specified.

77. In a compressor of the character described, a rotating shaft, a rotary piston on said shaft, a rotary cylinder therefor mounted eccentrically thereto and having a portion of its inner wall engaging a portion of the peripheral .wall of the piston, the remaining portions of said walls being spaced apart to form a compression space between them, suitable members carried by the cylinder at opposite ends comprising bearings therefor, and yielding means within said cylinder for sealing the ends of said compression space.

78. In a rotary compressor, the combination of a rotatable cylinder, a rotatable piston within said cylinder, engaging the wall thereof and operating normally to rotate the same, an eccentric rotatably supporting the cylinder, means for adjusting said eccentric to make contact of the cylinder with the rotor and floating heads for closing the ends of said cylinder.

79; In a rotary air compressor a rotating compression cylinder, a rotorhaving a chamber in each end eccentrically mounted in said rotating cylinder, automatic means for adjusting said compression cylinder towards the rotor and at right angles to the axis of rotation of said rotor, movable heads for said cylinder, and elastic means for holding said heads in fluid tight contact with the cylinder and the rotor.

80. In a rotary compressor, the combination of a rotating cylinder having heads for closing the ends thereof, a rotary piston eccentrically mounted in said rotating cylinder, a piston blade mounted in said rotary piston, a pressure equalizing chamber in the slot at the ends thereof as shown and for the rear of the blade, and meansifor admitting" fluid pressure from the compression side of said blade into said equalizing chamber for equalizing the pressure on opposite sides of said blade, said blade comprising one or the length of said a rotary piston and shaft rotatably mounted more pieces extending rotor. p

81. In a rotary air compressor, a cylinder,

a rotor mounted in said cylinder, a piston.

blade carried'by said rotor and operatingin a guide slot, a ressure chamber in the rear of said piston eating with the bot-tomof said guide slot, and with said pressure chamber from the front or compressing side of said blade.

lade, and a duct communiv82. In a rotary air compressor, a compression cylinder mounted for rotation, a rotary piston eccentric thereto, a shaft for said rotor and anti-friction bearings for said shaft.

83. In a rotary air compressor, a housing,

in said housing, anti-friction bearin s for said shaft, a rotatable,-cylinder for said pistog and anti-friction bearings for the cyl- 1n er.

name to this specification.

EDWARD WILSON.