US1630725A - Governing means for turbines - Google Patents

Description

92 May 31 1 7 a. R. wAumER GOVERNING MEANS FOR TURBINES.

Filed May 19. 1922 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 WITNESS.

4rra/ EK 1927. May c. R. WALLER' GOVERNING MEANS, FOR TURBINBS 4v ShoitR-Shept '3 Filed May 19, 1922 C. R. WALLER GOVERNING MEANS FOR TUHBINBS Filed May 19, 1922 4 Shuts-Sheet 4 Patented May 31, 1927.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CARL R. WALLER, OF TBENTON, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO DIE LAVAL STEAM TUB- BINE COMPANY, OF TRENTON. NEW JERSEY, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

GOVERNING MEANS FOR TURBINES.

Application filed May 19,

My invention relates to governing means for turbines. The object oi my invention is to provide governing means adapted for the accurate control of a turbine automatically under any variation of load. conditions and at the same time regulate the an'iount of steam supplied to or received from the low pressure system service line which receives steam from other sources and supplies steam to other sources, and maintain therein a constant pressure.

The governing means in accordance with my invention is adaptable for use in connection with such turbines as straight high pressure condensing, straight low pressure condensing, combination high and low pres sure, or bleeder turbines in which steam is extracted from an intermediate stage.

By virtue of my invention. the turbine will be automatically controlled with accuracy under any variation in load conditions and will insure high efliciency and economy in the operation of the turbine.

Having now indicated in a general way the nature and purpose of my invention/I will. proceed to a detailed description of a preferred embodiment thereof", as applied to a combination high and low pressiu'eturbine, with reference to the accompanving drawings, in which v 1 Fig. 1 is a plan view of a turbine equipped with governing means embodying my invention. Fig. 52 is an end view of the turbine shown in Fig.- 1.

Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section on the turbine shaft.

Fig. 4 is a. cross-section on line 4l4 Fig. 3.

Fig. 5-is a section on line Fig. 1' showing valve connections.

In the drawings A designates the casing ofthe turbine, 5 the turbine shaft mounted in bearings 9 and extends into a gear casing A having gearing therein through which the shaft to be driven is connected. Mounted on the shaft 5 are the runners 6. 6. and 7, 7, of the high and low pressure stages. respectively. of the turbine. 8. 8 designate packing means surrounding the shaft where the shaft extends through the casing A.

1 designates a steam chest to which high pressure steam is delivered as hereinafter described. The steam chest 1 is in communi- 1922. Serial No. 562,215.

cation with chamber 1 containing the first runner 6 oi the high pressure stage by means ot nozzles 1" which deliver steam to the buckets of said runner. c is a diaphragm between the chamber 1 and a chamber 2 in the casing A and is providedwith nozzles for delivering steam to the buckets of the second runner G. of the high pressure stage of the turbine from chamber 1. I

(1 .is a diaphragn'i between a chamber (2 and chambers 2 and 8 the latter two of which are separated from each other by partitions as shown in Fig. 4. Chamber 2 is connected to an exhaust pipe F hereinafter described, while chan'iber 3 in connnunication with chamber 0 bv means of nozzles 11 in diaphragm (Z, which deliver steam to the buckets of the first runner 7 of the low pressure stage of the turbine. I The nozzles in the upper portion of diaphragm (Z are plugged so that no steam passes from chamber 2 to chamer e. f is a dia 'nhragm between chamher 6 and a chamber 7 communicating with an exhaust port 4. and which diaphragm is provided with nozzles for delivering steam to the second runner 7 of the low pressure stage oi the turbine.

N is a high pressuresteam pipe connected to the steam chest 1, and connected to this pipe is a throttle valve M and a high pressure steam control valve B.

Connected to the exhaust portor pipe F communicating with chamber 2 and a steam inlet'pipe or port F communicating with chamber 3. is a piping system K, which might be termed a low pressure steam receiver. Connected in the piping system K between ports Fund F' are control valves 6 and HQ Connected to the piping system K is a pipe K leading to a low pressure steam service line, which may receive steam from various sources and from which steam may be delivered to various sources. G is a cut otF valve bet-ween pipes K and K,

whereby the low pressure service line may he cut off from the low pressure steam re cciver of the turbine.

D is a governor which is driven. from the. turbine shaft 5 bymeans of a worm and worm wheellO. The'governor Dis con nected bv means of lever mechanism 7) and c, to valve actuating mechanism of fluid actuated motors connected to valves B and C, respectively, for opening and closing said valves. L is a regulator of wellknown sure in the low pressure type having a diaphragmwithin a. chamber therein which is connectedv to lever mechanism 7b connected to valve actuating mechanism of; a fluid zuituated motor which connected to theregulating valve H. The diaphragm chamber in regulator L is connected to the pipe K or thelow pressure steam receiver by means of a pipe K whereby the regulator is controlled by the pressteam receiver. so that the position oi vali H is under the direct control of the pressure in said receiver.

Assuming that valve G is closed and valves 0 and .il are held open for illustration, steam would pass from steam chest 1 through the high pressure stage oi the turbine then through the receiver K from chamber to chamber 3, through the low pressure stage of the turbine and out through port a to a condenser. and valve B would be moved by the governor and the control mechanism to supply the required amount of steam to turbine for the load on the turbine.

In the normal operation of the system the valve G is open. low pressure steamis delivered from various sources to pipe K and from which steam is drawn for various purposes, while hi gh pressure steam is delivered to pipe N. Assuming now that valves B. C and H are in such positions as to feed high pressure steam through valve B to the high pressure stage of the turbine. teed steam from the low pressure receiver K to the low pressure stage of the turbine while steam is bled from said receiver by the low pressure steam service line through pipe K and if the demand for steam from said low )ressure service line does not vary or the load on the turbine vary the valves will remain in the above named set positions. If the demand -for steam from. low pressure service line is i increased the pressure in said line will fall which will reduce the pressure in regulator L. which will in turn move valveH toward its closed position so that more steam will be bled from the receiver K between the two stages of the turbine by the said service line, and less steam will bedelivored to the low pressure stage of the turbine. If the pressure increases in the low 1:)ressure service line the valve H will be moved towards its open positionso that moresteam will. pass from the receiver to the low pressure stage of the turbine. p

In both of above eases valve B will, he

:iictuated to control the How of steam in acclosed. Thus in case of excessive pressure in the low pressure service line and a lipid load on the turbine low pressure steam from the low pressure service line will pass throuarh the low pressure stage of the turbine to 1" haust 4 and operate the turbine even thou... l valve B is held closed by the governor l).

The stei'n B ol valve ll carries lour dislt valve members Bi see Fig. 5. which have a. relatively shortiuovcineut From their full open positions to their chased 'iosilj" and as there is a simple lever connection l tween the governor D and nuiitor valve n'iecliunisui 7) of valve B while the actuating iuerluinislu c for the motor for valve t] is at the compound type. it can readily be seen that sligil'llt variations in the governor T) will allc t vul re B without attectinr. valve 0.

It will now be obvious that by virtue ot my invention a substantially constant pressure may be maintained in the external low pressure steam piping system and l'flifil'lflllllcally utilized in the turbine, and for factory use. It willbc obvious that a series of turbines may be connected to the external low pressure piping system. and that the individual turbine will be automatically and accurately controlled.

Having: now fully described my invention, whatI claim and desire to protect by Let tors Patent is: i

1. Governingmeans for turbines having birth and low pressurestages. comprising a high pressure steam controh; a low pressiu'e steam receivcr zulapted to receive steam exhausted from the high pressure stage of the turbine and deliver steam to the low pressure stage low pressure steam control means and other means actuated by the pressure in the low pressure receiver for controlling: the

passage of steam from said receiver to the low pressure stage. thereby tending: to maintain the pressure in the receiverconstant.

2. Governing means for turbines having high and low pressure stages. a. govt-wanna low pressure steam receiver adapted to ceive steam exhausted from the li igl'i prcs sure stage of the turbine and deliver steam to the low n'essure stage. a uovernorcoutrolled valve for controlling the passage or ernor controlled valve for the low pressure stage.

3. Governing: insane for turbines having high and low pressure stages. a governor, a valve undercontrol oi the governor 'lor admittintr steam to the high pressure stuum it low pressure steamreceiver uilaptcd to receive steam exhausted froruthe high pressure stage of the turbine and deliver steam to the lowpressure stage. a governor (10th trolled valve for controlling the passage of steam to the low DIGFSHIE stage. and a second Eli the steam to the low pressure stage. and a lt valve controlled. by the pressure in the receiver for controlling the admission of steam from said receiver to the governor controlled valve for the low pressure stage.

4. Governing means for turbines having; high and low pressure stages. a steam receiver between the high and low pressure stages connected to a low pressure steam service line, to which the exhaust from the high pressure stage is adapted'to pass, a *alve for controlling the admission of steam to the high pressure stage, a governor for controlling said valve, a valve for controlling" the admission of steam to the low pressure stage controlled by said governor, a third valve for controlling the passage of steam from the receiver to the last mentioned valve, and a device actuated by the pressure in the receiver for actuating the third valve.

5. Governing means for turbines having hi gh andv low pressure stages, a high pressure steam supply, a low pressure steam receiver connected to a. low pressure steam service line and adapted to receive exhaust steam from the high pressure stage and for supplying steam to the low pressure stage, a governor, a valve actuated by the governor for controlling the admission of steam to the high pressure stage, a second valve connected to the governor for controlling the admission of steam to the low pressure staqe, a third valve for controlling the passage of steam from the low pressure steam receiver to the second valve, and means controlled by the pressure in the low pressure steam receiver for opening and closing the third valve.

In testimony of which inventionr I have hereunto set my hand, at Trenton, N. J on this day of May 15th, 1922. v

' CARL R. VVALLER.

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