US1630556A - Burner for heavy hydrocarbons - Google Patents

Description

y E. R. WOLCOTT BURNER FOR HEAVY HYDR'OCARBONS Filed Dec. 20,. 1923 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 1,630,556 May E. R. 'WOLCOTT BURNER FOR HEAVY HYDROCARBONS Filed D ec. 20, 1923 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR- Patented May 31, 1927.

men STATES EDSON R. WOLCOT'I, F PORTAR'II-IUR, TEXAS.

BURNER FOR HEAVY HYDROCARBONS.

Application filed December 20, 1923. Serial No. 681,851.

This invention relates to means for burning crude petroleum, petroleum residue, or other heavy hydrocarbons which tend to decompose on burning, With resulting incomplots combustion, and formation of consterable free carbon, and the main object otthe invention is to provide for substantially complete and effective combustion of such heavy liydrocarbons. A further object at .so the invention is to provide an oil' burner vvl'iich will first separate the more volatile from the less volatile constituents of the hydrocarbous and Will burn such constitu- "t 133 'ately so as to provide for the most etlective combustion of each of said constituents. A further object of the invention. .is to utilize heat developing by the combustion of the most volatile and more readily combustible of the hydrocarbons for ensuring combustion of the carbon and less volatile hydrocarbons. I

The accompanying drawings illustrate an embodimentot my invention and referring thereto:

Fig. llS a vertical section of the oil bruri'ier, and Fig. 2 is a horizontal section on line in Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a vertical section of the lower portion oi? the oil burner showing a modified :t'orin ot the refractory body therein. a

Fig. 4 is a sectional view of a portion oi a furnace showing my burner as applied thereto. 1

My in'iproved oil burner may comprise oil Supply means consisting of a pipe 1 connected to any suitable source of crude oil or other heavy hydrocarbon and having an outlet tube 2 provided with regulating valve 3, said outlet tube opening into a heating chamber or 'olatilizing chamber at formed ier enample as a vertical tubular chamber closed at the top and tapering end to an outlet opening 5. Below said-outlet opening 5 i provide means for receiving unvolatilized carbonaceous material and exposing the same so as to permit combustion thereof, said means consisting for example oi a body of refractory material which preferably consists of porous or perforate tire clay silica brick or other similar material. either in the form otchecker Work 6 as in Fig. l or in the form of fragments ti disposed so as to form interstices tor the passage "of air therethrough as shown in Fig. 3, the said mass being mounted on a suitable support such as a tubular member chamber 4. Said. chamber is the lighter at its lower adjacent to the burner meansb.

'71 provided if necessary. with a grate on which the porous or perforate mass rests.

The refractory mass above referred to constitutes a burner means for receiving and exposing the carbonaceous residuum to cornbustion, and means are provided for conducting to this burner means, volatile hydrocarbons such as gas or vapor produced by volatilization ofthesupplied crude oil or heavy hydrocarbon in the heating or volatilizing chamber el; For this purpose one or more pipes indicated at .8 may lead trom said volatilizin'g chamber 4 to. a burner or burners 9 adjacent to the tubular support 7 and are provided with any orifices l0 extending-in or adjacent to the relractory burner body 6. .Air inlets 11 may be provided for addition of air to the gases or vapors so supplied, such as being preferably mixed with the gases or vapors before they reach the point of combustion so as to provide for more effective combustion. The burner above described is enclosed in a suitable combustion chamber indicated at 14, having inlet .15 at itsbottom for air and outlet 16 at its top tion, this combustion chamber confining the products of: combustion and conducting them to the said outlet. v

The operation of the burner is follows: The crude oil or other heavy hydrocarbon leaves the supply pipe. or tube 2' at a point which is not sufliciently heated to form coke at such outlet point, the outlet of said tube being'pre-terably tapered so asto cause the oil to fall in drops which pass through the outgoing gas or products of combustion so that the drops of oil in falling through said chamber are heated sufliciently to volatilize constituents, forming gas or vapor which passes down through the pipes 8 to the burner chamber 9 wherein such' gas or vapor is mixed with air and burns at or Movement ofthe volatilized gas or desired number 01" for roducts'ot combusheated by the vapor to the burner from the chamber 4: is ellected by the ejection effect of the burner and by the vapor pressure in chamber a. The residuum oi the oil, consisting of the non-volatile or unvolatilized portions of the hydrocarbon including any free carbon which may be formed, tails "freely and continually through outl'et opening fraud is received on the burner means 6 directly below said opening and is burned thereon by combustion with the air entering ivitli substantially through the tubular support 7 and through the refractory mass constituting theburner means 6, the heat furnished bythe flame from burner 9 aiding in maintaining and ensuringcomplete combustion of such residnal material. The hot products of coinbustion from both the volatile and nonvolatile portions of the "hydrocarbon pass upwardly around the volatilizing chamber i so as to heat the sameas above described and pass out through the outlet 16. It should be noted that the outlet 2 of the supply means isdirectly ab'ovethe opening at the lower end of the volatilizirig chamber and the burner means 6 directly beloivsaid opening The heavy liquid hydrocarbon is continuallysupplied,preferably in the form of dropsyto the upper-portion (it the volatilizmg chamber andin falling theretlirough the volatile portions are volatilized by the heat insaid chainben while the unvolatilized por tion falls freely" and continually through opening 5 ontoburner means j o By the above described means it ispossible to burn crude oil or licavy residuum complete combustion. The invention provides means t'or removing the gaseous or volatile l'iydrocarbonsand burning them in such portion that the heat iroln such combustion aids in the combustion oi theheavy residuum and on the other hand suchi'esiduuin is burnt. at Ia point outside of the volatilizing chamber so that there is no danger ot'iclogging thevolatilizing chain her. i i f i To start the burneiga porous refractory filled with kerosene wouldpbe inserted betweenthe two gas burners and left there until the refractory and ocontainedyeoke be eameredhot. I have indicated in liig. 1 an outlet for the hot products of combustion, it being u11- izing chamber adapted derstood that this outlet may; lead to any suitable heat utilizing means. It will bounderstood however, that the oil burners described may be positioned directly below or ad' iacente'to the means tobe heated for example, the oil burners may be enclosed in a suitabletire boat or combustion chamber 1 L :lorming part of a furnace 1'? ,as shown in While this lllVGlltlOll is particularly adapted to the combustion or heavy hydrocarbons itis not intended to limit its use thereto as itanay also beiisedto advantage-With lighter hydrocarbons.

i What I claim is 1,. A hydrocarbon burner comprismg sup- 1 i means for liquid hydrocarbon, a volatilhydrocarbon fron'i saidsupplymeans and end Wlfll an opening permit free and continual dispositioned directly below said lower openatilizine' chamber.

to receive such liquid ing oi: the volatilizing chamber and adapted toreceive the residual hydrocarbon therefrom, means for conducting to said burner means hydrocarbon vapor produced by aetion of heat on the hydrocarbons supplied to the said volatilizing chamber, said burner means being provided with means for supplyinghir thereto for combustion of both the residual hydrocarbon and the said hydrocarbon vapor and means for conducting the hot products otcombustion from said burner means to a position to heat the said vol 2. A burner lor heavy liquid hydrocarboos comprising a rolatilizing; chamber bai' ing an opening at its lower end, means for continually sup iilying liquid liydroearbon to the upper portion of said volatilizing; ehamher, a burner means positioned below said opening at the lower end at said rohlitilizing chamber so as to receive residual liquid hydrocarbon passing through said volatiliz ing chan'iber, "leans for conductiinf to said burner means hydrocarbon vapor pmjducifeil by the action of heat .on the liquid hydroendol': saidvolatilizing chamber so as to cause said liquid hydrocarbon (to ll through said volatilizing chamber and pen init volatile portions of such hydi'oearbon to be volatilized by tlm heat in said volatilin ing; chamber, said volatilizing chaniber haw ing an opening at itslo ver end to permit free and continual passage therethrough of nnrolatilized portions of thehydrocarlrion, burner means hunted dircrily below said openingat the lower endof said volatizing chamber so as to receive such unvolatized it liydrocarbon passing through said opening, means for conducting t'ttPOllZGCl portionsof the llydrocarbon from the upper end of: said ivolatilizing chamber to said burner means, mains lor supplying an: to said burner means for combustion of the tin-vaporized and vaporized portions of the liydroearbon and means for conducting the hot products of combustionfrom said burner meanstiji position to heat said volatilizing chamber."

4 A burner for heavy liquid hydrocarbone comprising a vertical tubular volatili'xling chan'iberprovided at its lower end with an opening, nieans for continually supply liquid ydrocarbon in the form of drops theupper portion or said volatilizing chain for heavy liquid hydroearr Ill her so as to cause such drops to fall through said chamber and permit volatile portions thereof to be volatilized by the heat in said volatilizing chamber, said liquid hydrocarbon supply means beii'ig located directly above said opening so as to permit unvolatilized portions of the hydrocarbon to tail freely through said opening, burner means located directly below said openingto receive such unvolatilized hydrocarbon means for conducting volatilized hydrocarbon from the upper end of said volatilizing chamber to said burner means, means for supplying air to said burner means for combustion oi the volatilized and im'volatilized portions of the hydrocarbon and means for conducting hot products of combustion from the burner means to position to heat said volatilizing chamber. c p l 5. A burner for heavy liquid hydrocarbons comprising a vertical tubular volatilizing chamber having an opening at its lower end, means for supplying liquid hydrocarbon to the upper end of said rolatilizing chamber and directly above said opening so as to cause such hydrocarbon to fall through said volatilizing chamber and permit volatilization of volatile portions thereof by the heat in said chamber, burner means located directly below the opening at the lower end of said volatilizing chamber and adapted to receive unvolatilized portions of the hydrocarbon passing through said opening, burner means located adjacent said firstnamed burner means, means for conducting volatilized hydrocarbon from the upper end of said volatilizing chamber to said second named burner means, means for supplying air to both of saidburner means for combustion of the hydrocarbonsupplied thereto and means for conducting hot products of combustion from both of said burner means in position to heat said Volatilizing chamber.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name this 17th day of December 1923.

EDSON R. WoLooTT.

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