US1629947A - Means for sinking concrete piles - Google Patents

Description

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May 24 1927.

2 Sheets-Sheet 2 May, '241927' M. BLUMENTHAL MEANS. FOR SINKING CONCRETE PILES Original Filed Jan. 27. 1920 Patentes May 24, 1927.

,UNIL- TED STATES A MAURICE BLUMIENTHAL, 0F BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

MEANS FOR SINKING CONCRETE PILES.

Substitute for application Serial No. 354,386, led Januaryv 27, 1920. This application led Hay 1, 1925.

Serial No. 27,329.

y crete material, and to provide, in combination with such agshell, meansfor facilitating the subsequent easyremoval of thel shell and for preventing likelihood of injury to the column of concrete material during the removal of the shell.

A more detailedobject Visto provide a liner for the shell of a character to contain the concrete material and to hold said material out of contact with the shell so as thus to relieve the shell of the strong lfrictional engagement which ordinarily occurs between pile shells and the concrete material therein.

A further object is to provide a liner for the purpose indicated which is of` a character to provide for a free circulation of air between the interior of the shell and the` column of concrete.

A further object is to provide a liner which is waterproof to a suitable degree tov 2li-hold substantially all of the concrete material including' the .water.therein, out of contact with the shell and to prevent likelihood of the thinner, or watery, portions of the concrete material from flowing out from I the main bod into the space left by the withdrawal o the shell. f y A further object isv to provide 'a liner which is madeI of papery material, and to provide means whereby the paper is capa- 316 able of performing its appointed, functions.

A further object is -to providea linerL of such character that it will suitably accommodate itself to the contour of any irregularities present within the shell. 40

A further object is to provide a liner which may be placed within the shell in sections and which when thus placed will provide for continuity, of the *functions of the l liner from one section to another. -f p Other objects and aims of the invention, more or -less specific than those referred to above, will be in part obvious and in part pointed out in the course of the following description of the elements, combinations, arrangements of -parts and lapplications of principles, constituting the invention; and 'the scope of protection contemplated /will be indicated in the 4appended claims. In the accompanying drawings which are to be taken as part of this specification, and in which I have shown merely a preferred form of embodiment of the invention Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view thru a shell havinga liner therein in accordance with this invention.

Figure 2 is a similar sectional view showing the concrete material within the'shell -f Fig. 1 and the shell being nin the course of removal. y

Figure 3 is a transverse sectional view taken substantially upon the plane of line 'III of Fig. 1.

Figure 4 is an enlarged fragmentary l transverse sectional view of the liner appearing in Figs. 1, 2 and' 3,

Figure 5 is a longitudinal sectional .view of a modified form of shell having a liner positioned therein in accordance with this invention. V Figure 6 is a transverse sectional v iew taken substantially upon the plane of line lVI of Fig. 5.

Figure 7 is a longitudinal sectional view thru a shell consistingof a plurality of superposed sections connected together and illustrating in connection therewith a sectional liner and means for providingI a circulation of air.

Figure 8 is an enlarged transverse sectional view taken' substantially upon the plane of line VIII o-f Fig. 7, and

Figure 9 is an enlarged fragmentary longitudinal section for illustrating the fmanner in which adjacent liner sections lare conv nected for providing continuous air passages from one lsection to the next.

Referring to the drawings for rdescribing in detail lthe structure which is-illustrated therein, the reference character L .indicates the pile shell.

propriate cross 4section butv usually is circu- This shell may be of any ap` lar as seen in Figs. 3, 6 and 8. At its lower y.

end it is provided with a driving point G arranged to close the lower end and to serve `1 as means to facilitate entrance of the shell into the earth during the driving operation. Within the shell is placed the liner H. It

is a particular provision of this invention that this liner may be made of paper for va-y riousreasons as are partly pointed out in copending application of Maurice Blumenthal Serial No. 306,134, filed June 23,1919 and as more fully pointed outhereinafter. seen in Figs. l to 4, and in Fig. 9, this liner may be corrugated longitudinally of the shell. It isfitted quite'closely -to the interior surface of the shell, its nature permitting and causing it to accommodatek itself to the contour of the shell. The corrugations provide a series of passages continuously thruout ther lengthmf the liner from the top of the shell to the bottom and between the outer surface of the liner and the inner surface of the shell.

These passages-afford a free circulation of air at all times downwardly within the shell regardless of whether the liner be filled with concrete material or not, and this circulation of air is Very important in enabling easier removal of the shell after the concrete material has been poured in that it prevents the formation of a vacuum beneath the lifting shell. The pressure of the concrete ma- 20 terial against the liner may partly flatten out the corrugations, but it is intended that the liner shall be `of'suchy strength as to prevent flattening out of the corrugations to such extent as would entirely cut olf the passages behind it.

The interior surface of thepaper liner is l preferably coatedwith a suitable waterproofing compound, as is seen at l in Fig. 4.

In this way the main body .of the paper is kept sufficiently free from moisture and is,

therefore, maintained lsuiiiciently stiff so that it is able to resist a very considerable pressure from the concrete material tending tolatten it against the walls of the shell.- @if course -the whole body of paper may be suitably treated to render it moisture-proof 'if desired for the same purpose.

Vhere the 'shell is lifted while the concrete material is still soft, the corrugations Vof the liner enable the liner readily to expand 'under the pressure of the body of concrete material to fill the space beneath the liftin shell-and thus to overcome the likelihood of the formation of a void within the earth surrounding the column of concrete.

. At the same time the liner is sutliciently stift' to prevent its being expanded except underl appreciable pressureby the concrete material. Thus there is little likelihood of any portion of the liner moving away from the body of concrete material upon withdrawal of the shell, nor is there likelihoodiof the.

strain is felt by any portion of the concrete y material but is absorbed entirely by the material` of the liner so that there is no tendency whatever for the upward movement of the shell to cause any portion-of the concrete material to be lifted away from other portions. f 1

The paper. material from which the liner is formed may preferably be such as to possess a minimum of frictional holding power upon the shell, that is, the paper may be soft and smooth, it may be waxed or otherwise. treated with ,appropriate lubricating means, or-it may simply be ordinary paper which contains no grit or other elements for causing great frictional grip upon the sur'- face of the shell. Also, it will be noted that the corrugated form of the liner presents only spaced points of contact withlthe shell, (as at 2, in Fig. 4). The frictional 'engagement between the shell and the liner is thus very greatly reduced.

In instances where the column of concrete is allowed to set to a sufiicient degree t@ hold its column form before the shell is removed, the liner will serve to hold the concrete material entirely out of engagement with the shell and will present tothe shell a surface of minimum friction which will enable the easy removal of the shell.

Preferably the paper of the liner is either without a longitudinal seam, as seen in Fig. 8 or is made with' an -interfolded longitudinal seam, as at 3 in Fig. 3, so as to exclude the likelihood of any liquid passing from the body of concrete exteriorly of the liner into the space between the liner 'and the shell. The small quantity of liquid which might `sep thru beneath the lower edgeof the liner is usually inconsequential but where`even this may be detrimental the lower end of the liner may be closed, as seenl at 4 in Fig. 5? In some instances it may be suliicient to make the paper of the liner simply to overlap at its longitudinal edges, as seen `at 5 in Fig. 6.

Also, it will be understood thatthis ini vention is not limited in all respects to the use of a liner which is corrugated but, as seen at 6 in Figs. 5 to 8, the linermay be made not corrugated. l/Vhere the/liner is not corrugated and where, therefore, there is no provision in the liner for the formation of air passages, Vthen the shell itself might be provided upon its inner surface with longitudinally extending grooves, 'as seen in Figs. 5 and 6. Any number of such grooves may be provided and the liner in such case will serve to cover and` protect the grooves againstfbeing filled or obstructed by the concrete material. Of course such grooves could'be used in combination with the corrugated liner, if desired, but

usually either one is sufficient without the other. l

Where a non-corrugated liner is employed the material from which it is made may the same in its texture and in its waterproofing features as has already been described with reference lto the corrugated liner, and its outer surface portion, for engaging the shell, may be made nop-frictional also as above s'et forth.

In some instances it may be desirable to employa separate air tube, as 8, see Figs. 7 and 8, for supplying air into the space between the shell and the liner` and beneath the lifting shell. Such a tube or pipe may be bodily inserted into the shell between the shell and the liner, and beneath the lifting shell, andthe liner be made to it about it in an appropriate manner, as seen at 9 in 7 and 8. This pipe should be open at bothits upper and lower end and should preferably be provided with a series of intermediate openings 10, so that air may feed therefrom at lsubstantially any .po-int in the length of the pipe.

Such a pipe may be withdrawn after the shell is withdrawn, and if the concret/e ma terial be still lunset the weight of the concrete material will serve to press the liner outwardly for illing the space left by the retreating pipea i 1n all cases the liner is, of course, allowed to remain in the earth as a part of the completedpile. lts life will depend upon .the nature of its construction but ordinarily will be short. 1t will gradually decay and disappear leaving the concrete column by that time fully .set and hardened in its appointed vplace within the earth. lt may be mentioned in this connection that the mate.- rial from which the liner formed may, if desired, be suchas will present a more or less permanent waterprooting coating for the pile, as set forth in copending application of Maurice Blumenthal Serial No. 336,263, filed Nov. 7, 1919. The interior coating, as 1 in Fig'. 1, may be of such character as to aEord a permanent waterproofing quality for the pile while the main or outer portion of the liner may be depended upon to hold this waterproofing element in- .proper position during the formation and setting of the pile. As above suggested, it is a Jieatureof this lnvention also to provide a liner which may be' inserted with-inV the Shell in sections.

Such an" arrangement l is -illustrated in Figs. 7 and 9 wherein it is seen that. theA shell is made in two sections, as 11 and 12,- detachably connected together -by screw threads 'or the like, as 13. The liner for the section 12 is formed separately from the diner for the section -11. After the section 11 is ldriven into the earth, the section12 is threaded thereinto, and both fsections driven together further into the earth. The

liner for the section 12 has its lower end portion, as 14, fitted into the upper open end of the liner ot' the section 11. Any number of sections, with liners, may be attached togetherin this way and the concrete mateflower sections, as indicatedn in Fig. 7.

Vhere the liners are of corrugated material the corrugations thereot) in adjacent sections are mated where theyoverlap, as at 15, in Fig. 9, .across the joint from one section tothe next.y

Of course the use of such sectional liners is not to be understood as being limited to the employment of sectional shells, as obviously the sectional liners may be employed, if desired, irrespective of whether the shell be in separable sections or not.

It Should be mentioned also that this invention is not to be understood to be limited to the use ofa liner which is formed o paper as obviously .liners of other materials may, i desired, be employed for accomplishing certain ot the results above described. Also, it is to .be understood that the liner need not be corrugated since the same results may be obtained by making the material of the liner i`n` various forms for producing a passage, or passages longitudinally between the liner and the shell. The material of the liner, especially where paper vis used, might, for instance, consist of what is known as crepe paper.4 0r, it might be ordina-ry smooth paper suitable rumpled. Also it will be understood that the portions ofthe liner which are shaped to-provide an opening or passage longitudinally of the shell may be reinforced and that in fact the pipe illustrated in the drawings Figs. 7 and 8 is an illustration of one way in which the remforcing element may be applied. Other and more or less practical ways may sug- "gest themselves to those skilled in this art.

As many changes could be made in. this constructionv without departing from the scope of the following claims, it is intended that all matter contained in the above de scription or shown in the accompanying drawings, shall-be interpreted as illustrative contain a quantity o'f concrete material, of

a separately formed aper liner for said shell having a long1tudinally extending a direction longitudinallyof the shell whereby to provide a plurality of air passages between said liner and said shell. v

3. The combination with a pile shell adapted to be driven into the earth and to contain a quantity of concrete material, of an impervious liner for said shell having means providing only spaced points of contact between itself and the shell circumferentially of the shell.

4. The combination with a pile shell adapted to be driven into the earth and to contain a quantity of concrete material, of a liner for said shell having a plurality of ribs thereon extending longitudinally throughout the length thereof and arranged to engage the surface of the shell only at Vthe circumference of said shell, and` said shelland liner having parts cooperative to provide an air passage longitudinally of the shell.

6. The combination with a pile vshell adapted to be driven into the earth and to contain a quantity of concrete material, of

a# separately formed paper liner for said shell comprising a plurality of sections, and said sections having parts cooperative to provide an air passage longitudinally throughout the length of the shell.

7. The combination with a pile shell adapted to be driven into the earthand to contain` a quantity of concrete material, of a liner for said shell formed of corrugated paper, thecorrugations of the paper eX- tending longitudinally of the liner.

ln testimony whereof l alix my signature.

MAURICE BLUMEN THAL.

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