US1629224A - Buffer for railway and like cars - Google Patents

Description

May 17 1927.

H MOHR BUFFER FOR RA'LWAY AND LIKE CARS Filed .June 8. 1925 A f l.

Arran/vn 45 each other vseparated from one another by Patented May 17,1927. l

A UNITED STATES g i @1,629,224 PATENT {OFFICE-v HEINRICH MOI-IR, OF 'HAGE'.N, GERMANY.

BUFFER ron RAILWAY Ann I .IKE CARS.

Application iediune s, 1925, seriai No. 35,776, and. in `Germany Novemter 3,1924'.

i cars employing volute springs of rectangular or oval vsection have the drawback that the shocks are transmitted in an axialv direction to the buffer frames and the underframes of the cars which are therefore liable to be damaged by violent or excessive shocks. The cost of replacing the broken or damaged buffer springs is-very high.

Itis the object of the present invention to provide a construction which*v will avoid these drawbacks. According to the invention .the buffer is so arranged that Va 'shockl or force acting in the longitudinal direction is transmitted in a radialdirection tothe buffer casing. -The buffer spring is composed of'a rnumberof sections which are'independently exchangeable and replaceable.

The, invention will now be fully described with vreference to the accompanying draw- I ings and the scope 'of the invention willbe .set out in the appended claims. Y

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section and partly a plan of a buffer construction embodying the features of the invention. l

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary' longitudinal seci .tion similar to Fig. l'showing the parts in the extreme position corresponding to full vcompressionof the buffer spring.v

Fig. 3 isa cross sect'on on line A-B of Fig.1.

Figsl and 5 `illustrate in longitudinal section two` constructions of the parts transmitting the shock to the spring device.A

Figs. 6, 7 and 8 are cross sections of threel different constructionsA of the buffer spring.

. Fig. y9 isa pressure diagram....fk I y' Y Fig. 10 illustratesl an arrangement in which instead ,of an ,internal an external buffer spring is used.I i Y Y The buffer comprises a casing a, a rain'or plunger b having the usual'head f, the casing and the plunger having the usual pin'and slotconnection g. The spring device comprises a number of springs e arranged within ber of springs may beused. Slots kof two Vadjacent springs are-preferably arranged diametrically opposite each other..` The u sprin' s e are looselyheld between endfba'rs iv an c *whichy are connectedy by al bolt m 'pressed condition, of the buffer.

and are held at the required distance bya distance sleeve n. The outermost spring e" is enclosed by a number, in theexample shown four, split ringed having conically shaped ends or bevelled surfaces bearing yec l vagainst conically Ashaped ends or bevelled surfaces of solid ringscsee Fig. 4). In j the modified construction shown in Fig. 5 the rings d are of circular section. The outermost ring c is in contact with the inner end of the buffer plunger?)y whilst the innermost ring. c bears against the base o'of the buffer casing. The operation is as follows. u Upon the buffer ram bbeing forced inwards, the solid rings 0' are moved towards each Vother compressing the rings d which in turn compress thev springs e.- The outer- "most springl e will'be first compressed and `will in turn compress `the adjacent spring and so on. Fig. 2 shows thesrings o in the extreme position. l

It may bepointed out that, the rings olf i' l are compressed bythe action of the conical ends of the rings A considerableamount of the shock is absorbed by the friction between the rings 'c and d before or at vthe Sametime as the inner spring sections e are brought into action. Experiments carried out with the described arrangement show that therecoil amounts to only2'-10% of the shock..

In order to subject the sections e of the i inner spring to a uniform strain, these sec. tions may be .constructed in Athe mannefrf shown inv detail in Figs. 6,v 7 andl 8. In the constructionvshown in Fig.6 the thickness than thatof'the spring section ofthe middle spring section e3 which again'is greater thantliat of the innerspringsection e4. ,In

"of the outermost spring section e2 is greater this construction it is vassumedv that the sec i condition ofthe buffer.

thickness'of the three sectionsvkef", cand c7 is the same or approximately the same, a fairly considerable intervening space -or play p being left between the adjacent sections.

Fig. 9 illustrates the workingjorpressure l,tions arearranged close'togetlier orl with 4very small intervening spacein the normal f Y i 1005 In -heconstruction shownin Fig. "7 theV f Y .u ldiagram which slic'rws that the pressure line l is concavellthea@ 0f an interveningspace n being lett `betn'f'eefn-'the individual sections of theiinner spring. Y

lItjWill be understood that the shock is taken up to aiconsiderable:exteiit'by Yfriction whereby theV strain upon the inner' spring is relieved. The spaces between the vai-ions parts ot thespring deviceiviz,.c, CZ and c may vbe filled nwith grease.;

`.The number 'otthe sections e may: be any desired number and depends on the particular lconditions Vo'tvWor-ling. The sections e may beof coned cylindricalforrn.

1.. A buiten-gear ,.Tlie arrangement of thefparts candy@ may Vbereversed as shown in Fig'.y 10,'that is, 'thel solidj'r-ings o inayybe arranged internally Vand thespl-it vcylindrical springs cfinaybe arranged'externally, the split ring `d being, asin the previous case, arranged between c and Y:The vlatter arrangement is .particu-f larly suitable for tramcars and light rail- Way cars.

, The Whole ispringdevice comprising the parts ac, Z and c may beeasily removed as a whole.

another by concentric air spacesand' adapted tobe compressed or expanded oiieatter vthe other-,in successive operations by the action 5 of saidinterinediate rings Wherebylongitudinal-f-orces"or shocks are transmitted radially lto the said series of 'split springs, substantial-1y as described.

2. .b tier` gearforsrailyvay and likeifcars coinprisingy in combination: solid rings i l adapted to move longitudinally, intermediate splitV rings adaptedto be flexed radiallyg'by the, longitudinal movement lof said solid rings, Eand a single series of concentricallyy arranged approximately 'cylindrical fspli't .springs separated lonefroin vanother by con'N centric air-:spaces and adapted ltobe lflexed one after the other in successive operations 'gby the* actionio'f the'saidfinterniediate rings,

Y whereby longitudinal. Aforces yor shocks are transmitted radially tothe said series oit `,split springs,- .said cylindrical"splitl springs being soconstrnctedfas rto* enable the edges of each spring at the split part to over ap `during flexing and being of vdiinin'ishing thickness jaceording'as Ytheir radial vdistances from the pointzof applicationfot .the/transmitted forces increase, substantially as described. Y A i' buffer gear for Vmiiwiy ma iik@ fears comprising. in; combination: solidV lrings 1 Vadapted to 'move longitudinally, intermedi atesplit rings adapted to k'be compressed or expanded radiall'yby the rlongitiidina'l Ymove- Y y mentot'said solid rings,"and asingle series approximately cylindrical torni` Separated one from another by concentric air spaces Iand adapted l'to "be `compressed or expanded one after the other in successive operations 'of concentrically arranged split springs of by t'l'ie'ac'tion oiiz'tli'e said intermediate Vrings whereby longitudinal forces or shocks are transmitted radially t0 the said yseries vof split springs, said springs being of diminishing thicknessacc'ording as their r'adia'l'di'sf tances fro-nnl the point ot'application the transmitted Aforces increase, substantially as f so described` f p ,Y v

-4. A buii'e'r gearjfor 'railway andfli'ke cars lcomprising in fcornbination: "'sol'id rings adapted to move longitudinally, intermediate splitl rings "adapted Vto fbev compressed radially 4'by the longitudinal movement of saidfsolifd rings, 'and a series of approximatelyI cylindrical split springs arranged con-Y Y centrically ,andl interiorly to said l split rings and separated one vtrom. another b y concentric/air spaces,vvv said cylindrical splitlsprings being adapted to be compressed one after the otherY in successive operations rby the Y I action of the 'said intermediate rings -vv'herelongitudinal forces 'or shocks are!V transmitted radially V13o-fthe Said Vseries of splitl springs, saidsprings'fbeing of 'diminishing thickness according as their radial distances tromlthepoint of application of the ttransmitted forces increase, substantially las d'escribed. i

5. A b-uiier `gear for railwayl and like vcars comprisingv in combination; adapted to move ln'gitudinally and 'having solid V'rings ihiorbeveiled sufran-s'intermediate split ringsia-dapted to be-- compressed radially by.

the 'longitudinal movement .of said l'siolid. ringsand having exterior bevell'ed surfaces adapted tozco'operate rwith 'said 'interior b'e'velledsnfrtaces' on said "solid" rings, anda vvseries' 'not 'concentrically arranged approximately cyliiidri `3alsplit springs separated one vfrom another: by air spaces and Vadapted tofbe compressed one after 'the'.oth'er insiiccessiveoperations bytlieaction of the said ,intermediate rings whereby l'longitudinal n forces orl shocks are 'transmitted radially :to

the said series of splitS'pringS, said springs being'ot diminishing thickness 'accordin'gfas their radial distances'l rtroni 'the point of ap-VV` plication 'of "the transmitted idross; increase, Substantially asjdgescfbed.

VVV6. yA bu'ser gear orcrailviay or like cars .comprising in combinationz solid rings adaptedto move longitudinally, intermediate split ringsfadapted 'tobe compressed .or ex.- pande'd radially byftlie longitudinal move fr'nent otsaid solid rings, a seriesfof concentrically arranged "approximately cylindrical split's'prings v'separated vone from another by -a'ir spaces Vland"adapte'd to "be vcomprassed or expanded one after the other in successive operations'by/the action of saidintermediate rings, and easily detachable end plates con# necting said solid rings said split rings and said split springs in such manner as .to

render the whole of the said parts easily re- 1 adapted to move longitudinally and having interior bevelled surfaces intermediate split Y rings adapted to be compressed radially by the longitudinal movement of said solid rings and having exterior bevelled surfaces adapted to co-operate with said interior Vbevelled surfaces on said solid rings,l a series of concentrically arranged approximately cylindrical split springs separated one fromV another by concentric air spaces and adapted to be compressed one after the other in suc'` cessive operations by the action of the said intermediate rings,` whereby longitudinal U Vforces or shocks are transmitted radially to the said series of split springs,`said cylindr1` cal ysplit springs being so constructed as'to enable the edges of each spring at the split part to overlap during compression, and detachablev end Vplates connecting said solid v y rings saidsplit rings and said split springs in such manner asto renderthe Wholeof the Vsaid parts easily removable; sald'springs being of diminishing thickness according as their radial distances from the pointof application of. the transmitted forces increase,

lsubstantially as described. f

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand. Y

- ,HEINRICH MOI-IR'.

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