US1627444A - Method of telegraphy - Google Patents

Method of telegraphy Download PDF

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Publication number
US1627444A
US1627444A US74454A US7445425A US1627444A US 1627444 A US1627444 A US 1627444A US 74454 A US74454 A US 74454A US 7445425 A US7445425 A US 7445425A US 1627444 A US1627444 A US 1627444A
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United States
Prior art keywords
printing
transmitting
impulses
receiving station
station
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US74454A
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English (en)
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Mccormick Fowler
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to BE338788D priority Critical patent/BE338788A/xx
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to US74454A priority patent/US1627444A/en
Priority to FR625786D priority patent/FR625786A/fr
Priority to GB31320/26A priority patent/GB262805A/en
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Publication of US1627444A publication Critical patent/US1627444A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L19/00—Apparatus or local circuits for step-by-step systems

Definitions

  • the invention claimed has for improvements...1111l electrically messages and particularly telegra 5 cable messages and mechanisms METHOD 0F TELEGRAPHY.
  • the messages are automaticall printed at the receiving end, or, if desire at both the transmitting and receiving ends, and wherein adjacent sentences are printed in different colors.
  • a change of some other character may be resorted t0.
  • different kinds of type for adjacent sentences, words or quoted matter, etc. may be employed advanta eously.
  • Fig. 1 represents the transmitting end of the system
  • Fig. 11 is a side elevation of a transmitting typewriter Fig. 2 represents the receiving end of the system;
  • Fig. 3 is an elevational view taken along 65 the line 8 3 of Fig. 2 and shows a art of the printing and color-changing mec anism at the receiving end of the system;
  • Fig. 4 is a view taken along the line 4-4 of Fig. 2;
  • Fig. 5 is a view taken along the line 5 5 of Fig. 3 and illustrates, in detail, the electromagnetic stepping mechanism which operates to rotate the type-wheel shaft;
  • Fig. 6 is a view taken along the line 6-6 of Fig. 2 and shows the electromagnetic step-by-step drive which operates the color changing mechanism;
  • Fig. 7 is a view taken along the line 7--7
  • arrangements are provided at the .transmitting station whereby, normally, a continuous series of alternate positive and negative electrical impulses are impressed across a pair of cable conductors. These impulses are amplified at the receiving end of the cable by means of a suitable multistage vacuum tube amplifier. The amplified impulses at the receiving end are impressed upon an electromagnetic step-bystep escapeinent mechanism which controls the o eration of a frictionally driven shaft. on w ich is mounted a type-wheel. At all times, when no signal is being transmitted, the type-wheel continues to rotate under the control of the escapement mechanism which operates continuously during the absence of signal or printing impulses.
  • the polarity c anging device at the transmitting station is tem ra- 10
  • a pulse of relatively long duration, compared with the norma] impulses is transmitted.
  • a printing electromagnet At the receiving station there is, what may be conveniently termed, a printing electromagnet. This is under the control of a pair of slow-acting relays-the operation of either of which will close a circuit for the printing magnet.
  • the printing magnet control relays just referred to, are connected in circuit with the output of the receiving amplifier, but are designed to be so slow-acting that they are not operated by the short impulses normali, transmitted.
  • Vhen impulses o longer duration, such as those caused by operation of the transmitting keys, are received one or the other of the rinting magnet control relays is energized fora long enough period to permit it to pull up its armature thereby fclosing a local circuit of the printing magnet.
  • nergization of the printing magnet causes the ilnmediate actuation of a printing roller, between which and the typewheel, a paper tape and two-color typewriter ribbon are dis osed.
  • lVhichever character on the type-wlieel happens to be in the printing position when the printing magnet is energized is impressed on the Means are provided for moving the paper tape longitudinally step-bystep-the tape being moved one step after each printing or spacing actuation of the printing magnet.
  • Fig. 1, 1 represents a portion of the frame of a transmitting typewriter, an end view of which is shown in Fig. 1".
  • Journaled in the ⁇ frame of the transmitting typewriter is a shaft 2 which is normally rotated continuously by an electric motor 3, to which it is connected through the medium of a pair of engaged friction wheels 4 and 5.
  • 'lhe friction drive shown is intended to represent only a conventional arrangement. A more suitable friction drive than that shown would ordinarily be provided in actual practice, but since the invention does not reside in the friction drive noattempt has been made to illustrate a more elaborate arrangement.
  • a cylindrical drum 6 is mounted on and rotates with shaft 2.
  • shaft 2 Around the periphery of the drum 6 and arranged in a helical line, are a considerable number of radially projecting pins 7.
  • Each one of the pins 7 corresponds with a letter, numeral, space or other character on the type-Wheel at the receiving station.
  • Each pin is angularly diplaced from all the others.
  • a crown-wheel commutator 10 comprising two interengaged half-portions 10 and 10, insulated from each other, and from the shaft 2, is mounted on the latter and rotatable therewith. It will be seen that alternate segments of the commutator thus formed are integral with one of the two like parts 10 or 10b and that the remaining segments are integral with the other halfportion of the commutator.
  • a brush 11 is in wiping engagement with the hub of the commutator part 10* and another brush 12 is in wiping engagement with the hub of the other commutator part 10h.
  • a third brush 13 is arranged in wiping engagement with the commutator segments. As the commutator rotates, the brush -13 comes into Contact with the halfportion 10 and 10b, alternately.
  • Two batteries 14 and 15 are connected respectively to the brushes 11 and 12.
  • the negative terminal of the battery 14 is connected to the brush 11, while the positive terminal or battery 15 is connected to the brush 12.
  • the other poles of the batteries 14 and 15 are connected in comlnon to the cable conductor 16 and the brush 13 is connected to the cable conductor 17.
  • the commutator 10 rotates continuously with the result that the voltages ot' batteries 14 and 15 are alternately impressed across the conductors 16 and 17.
  • the number of segments on the commutator 10 corresponds with the number of pills 7 and likewise with the number of letters. numerals and other characters on the type-wheel at the receiving station.
  • the shaft 2 rotates at a fairly rapid rate so that the duration of the normal impulses transmitted is very short..
  • the keys 8 are operated. one at a time, and a copy of the message transmitted is transcribed, or may be transcribed by the transmitting typewriter at the transmitting station.
  • a vacuum tube amplifier preferably of the resistance coupled type is provided. This will usually be found necessary iii order to bring the received impulses up to sufiicient strength to o erate the printing apparatus at the receiving end of the line.
  • FIG. 2 A three stage push-pull resistance coupled vacuum tube amplifier of a type suitable for the purpose is illustrated in Fig. 2.
  • the first two stages of this amplifier each couiprise two three-electrode vacuum tubes 18, 19 and 20, 21, respectively.
  • vacuum tubes 22, 23, 24 and 25 are shown in the last stage of the amplifier.
  • the e which is sometimes referred to as a direct-current amplifier, since it is adapted to am lify impulses of long duration.
  • Inasmuc as the vacuumftube amplifier shown is of a type which is well known in the art and since its o eration will be readily understood by those silled in the art, there seems to be no necessity for entering upon a detailed description thereof.
  • each of the elements 26 to 31, inclusive is a high resistance element and that the batteries 32, 33 and 34 are grid biasin batteries which are preferably arrange to render their respectively associated control electrodes or grids of negative potential with respect to filament.
  • Each half of the divided output circuit of the last amplifier stage includes an electromagnet coil 35, 36 and the winding of a relay 37, 38, respectively.
  • Relay 37 is inserted in series with the coil and relay 38 is in series with the coil 36. It may be found desirable to provide condensers 39 and 4() in shunt to the winding of the relays 37 and 38, res ectively, in order to provide a low imulses of short duration. here these con ensers are found to be unnecessary they may be omitted.
  • the eleetromagnet. coils 35 and 36 are adapted to actuate an armature 95 which is pivoted at 96 (see Figs. 3 and 5). Integral with armature 95 is an escapement lever 97 which alternately engages the teeth of the two escapeinent wheels 98 and 41. These esca ement wheels are rigidly mounted on a sha t 42 and are aniularl displaced with respect to each other y half the pitch of their teeth. Shaft 42 is rotatably driven by friction drive 44, but its rotation is under the control of the escapemeiit mechanism comprising the two escapement wheels 98, 41, escapement lever 97, amature 95 and electroma net coils 35 and 36.
  • the escapement lever 97 oscillates between escapement wheels 98 and 41 and permits the rotation of shaft 42.
  • the escapement lever 39 oscillates at a corresponding rate Without interruption.
  • the escapement lever 97 is moved out of eligagement with one escapement wheel and into engagement with the other. This permits the rotation of shaft 42 through an an le corresponding to one-half the pitch of t ie teeth of the escapement wheel.
  • the type-wheel is rotated just enough to move a succeeding,r character into the printing position.
  • a type-wheel 45 is rigidly secured to shaft 42 and rotates therewith. Type representing all the letters of the alphabet, together with the numerals zero to 9 inclusive, and other All characters are provided on the periphery of the type-wheel. When a key 8 at the transmitting station corresponding with any numeral, letter or other character is pressed, the type-wheel is automaticall stopped in the manner previously described' with the corresponding type-character in the printing position.
  • one or the other of the slow acting relays 37, 38 (depending upon the polarity of the impulse) is operated and closes a contact 46 or 47 in the local circuit of the printing magnet 48.
  • An armature lever 49 adapted to be actuated in response to energization of printing inagnet 48, Vis pivoted at 50 and connected through a link 51 to a lever arm 52, one end o? which is pivoted at 53 and the other end of which carries a rubber printing roller 54.
  • a paper tape is arranged to pass between type-wheels 45 and printing roller ⁇ 54 and a two-color typewriter ribbon 56 is disposed between the paper tape 55 and the type-wheel 45.
  • the paper tape passes between two rubber rollers 57 and 58, the former of which is mounted on a shaft 59 to which is secured a ratchet wheel 60, adapted to be actuated by the pawl 61 which is carried by the armature 49.
  • the printing magnet 48 is energized and the armature 49 thereby actuated, the pawl 61 engages a fresh tooth.
  • the armature 49 is restored to its normal position and the ratchet wheel 60, together with roller 57, is rotated one step, while at the same time printing roller 54 is raised.
  • the rotation ot roller 57 moves the tape 55 longitudinally the proper distance for the spacing of the printed characters.
  • the typewriter ribbon 56 passes through a guide 62 which is adapted to be moved transversely of the ribbon thereby moving the ribbon into either of the two color ositions, similarly to the action of the ri bon guide in an ordinary typewriter.
  • the mechanism for operating the ribbon guide, for the purpose of changing colors is clearly represented in Fig. 3 wherein is shown the wheel-cam 63 which is mounted on a shaft 64 to which is secured a drivin ratchet wheel 65.
  • the wheel-cam 63, sha t 64 and ratchet wheel 65 are adapted to be rotated step-by-step by the driving pawl 66 which is pivotally connected to the armature 67 of an electromagnet 68 which may be conveniently referred to as the color changing magnet.
  • the ratchet wheel 65 is rotated one step upon deenergization of the color changing magnet 68 which will be evident from an examination of Fig. 6.
  • the ribbon guide 62 is pivotally connected to a camfollower lever arm 69 which is pivoted at 70.
  • a lug on the cam-follower lever arm 69 bears against the periphery of cam 63, being held in engagement therewith by the spring 71.
  • the cam 63 is rotated through an angle corresponding to one half the pitch of its teeth.
  • the cam-follower lever arm 69 is shown in en agement with one of the high points of the cam wheel.
  • the cam-follower lever arm will move into a position wherein it engages the short radius of the periphery of the cam wheel. It is evident that b this operation the ribbon guide, together with the ribbon passing therethrough, is moved laterally so that the alternate half of the ribbon is brought into active position and, therefore, the color of the printed impression is changed.
  • the color changing magnet 68 should onl be energized in response to the actuation ofy the printing magnet when printing a sentence terminator.
  • a battery 72 In the circuit of the color changing magnet 68 are included a battery 72 and two series contacts 73 and 74, both of which have to be closed in order to complete the circuit for the color changing magnet.
  • Contact 73 (see Fig. 7) is closed upon energization and operation of the printing magnet 48 while contact 74 is closed only when a sentence terminator such as a period, question mark or the like is in the printing position.
  • This is rovided for by means of a contact segment 5 (see Figs. 2 and 4) which rotates with the type-wheel and engages a brush 76 whenever a sentence terminator is in the printing position. Electrical connection with the segment is made through a brush 77 which is in wiping engagement with a sleeve 78 on shaftl 93-sleeve 78 being electrically connected to segment 75.
  • the typewriter ribbon 56 is carried by two rotatable ribbon spools 79 and 80 which are driven alternately by mitre gears 81, 82 and 83, 84.
  • the shaft 85 which carries gears 82 and 83 is slidable longitudinally and onl one of the gears 82, 83 is engageable wit its mate at any one time.
  • a pair of bell cranks 85, 86 engage individually, shifting sleeves 87, 88 which are carried b shaft 93.
  • the bell ,cranks 85, 86 are pivote at 89 and 90 respectively.
  • a ratchet wheel 91 is ar- Htl ranged to drive shaft 93 and the latter is adapted to slide longitudinally therethrough.
  • a driving pawl 92 drivingly engages the ratchet wheel 91 and is attached to armature 49 of the printing magnet.
  • the ratchet wheel 91 shaft 93 an gears 82, 83 are rotated one step.
  • One or the other of the ribbon spools 79, is thereupon rotatabl driven one step.
  • the spool driven depen s upon which pair of mitre gears 81, 82 or 83, 84 happens to be engaged.
  • a metal clip 94 (only one being shown (see Fig. 4)). These metal clips operate to engage the bell cranks 85, 86 respectivel and cause the shaft 93 to move longitudinally thereby disengaging one pair of mitre gears and engaging the other pair.
  • the mitre gears 83, 84 are engaged While gears 81, 82 are shown disengaged.
  • the ribbon spool 80 rotates, under these conditions, in the direction indicated by the arrow thereon.
  • the clip 94 is shown, in Fig. 4 in engagement with bell-crank 85 and a outto move the latter about its pivot 89 thereby effecting a longitudinal shift o shaft 93 and, consequently a reversal of the direction of movement of ribbon 56.
  • the utility of the present invention is not limited to wire transmission systems but is obviously applicable with suitable modiications to radio telegraph systems. It may also be adapted for carrier telegraph systems wherein high frequency signal currents are transmitted over Wire lines. The invention should not, therefore, be construed as limited except by the scope of the appended claims.
  • a signaling system comprising a transmitting station and a receiving station, means at said receiving station for printing received messages in plain langua e, sai means being controllable from sai transmitting station, and a color changing mechanism at said receiving station whereby any letter, word, phrase or sentence forming part of a transmitted message can be printed in a different color from that of the remainder of the message, said color changing mechanism being also controllable from said transmitting station, the arrangement being such that any desired portion or portions of a message can be transcribed in a different color from that of the remainder of the message at the will of the transmitting operator.
  • a printing telegraph system characterized in that transmitted messages can be printed at the receiving station in plain language and in a plurality of colors and that color changes can be eiected at any desired oints in the transcription of a message un er the control of and at the will of the transmitting operator, said system comprising a transmitting station and an associated receiving station interconnected by a transmission line, step-by-step mechanism at said receiving station, means at said transmitting station for transmitting electrical impulses to operate said ste -by-step mechanism, a plurality of ty e c aracters at said receivin station a apted to be moved individual y in seriatim into a printing position in response to actuation of said step-by-step mechanism, a color changing mechanism at said receiving station, a local circuit including a source of current for operating said color changing mechanism, and circuit closing means included in said circuit, said circuit closing means being closed only when said step-by-step mechanism has been actuated into a predetermined position and an impulse of lengthened
  • a typing mechanism at said receiving station operable to type received messages in plain language, said typing mechanism being operable under the control of an operator at said transmitting station, a color changing mechanism at said receiving station by means of which a received message can typed in a plurality of colors, and means at said transmitting station whereby an operator thereat can operate said color changing mechanism at will and whereby any part or parts of a message can be typed in a different color from the remainder of the message, said system being characterized in that individual letters, Words, phrases and sentences forming parts of a message can be typed in a different color from that of the remainder of the message at the will of the transmitting operator.
  • a signaling system comprising a transmitting station and a receiving station, means at said receiving station for printing received messages, means at said receiving station for effecting color changes in printed received messages, an electrical impulse sending device at said transmitting station, .said device being operable to transmit a continuous series of impulses to said receiving station, means for interrupting the continuity of impulses at said transmitting station in accordance with signals to he transmitted, and means at said receiving station operable in response to interruptions of the continuity of received impulses to control the operation of said printing means and said color changing means.
  • a signaling system comprising a transmitting station and a receiving station.
  • a typing mechanism at said receiving station operable to print received messages, means at said transmitting station operable to transmit to said receiving station a continuous train of electrical impulses of Substantially equal duration, means at said transmitting station operable to lengthen the duration of individual impulses in accordance with signals to be transmitted, said typing mechanism being operable to effect typing operations in response to impulses of lengthened duration, a color changing mechanism at said receiving station, said color changing mechanism being operable in response to impulses of lengthened duration following a predetermined operation of said typing mechanism.
  • a signaling system comprising a transmitting station and a receiving station, a mechanism comprising a type wheel at said receiving station, said mechanism being operable to print received messages, means at said transmitting station operable to transmit to said receiving station a continuous train of electrical impulses of substantially equal duration, said mechanism being operable to rotate said type Wheel step-by-step in response to received impulses and under the control thereof, means at said transmitting station operable to lengthen the duration of individual impulses in accordance with characters forming elements of messages to be transmitted, said mechanism being operable to effect printing operations in response to received impulses of lengthened duration, a multi-color typewriter ribbon in cooperative relation to said typewheel and means operable to shift the relative osition of said ribbon and typevvlieel for e ecting color changes in the printed messages, said last mentioned means being operable in response to received impulses of lengthened duration following a predetermined positioning of said typewheel.
  • a signaling system comprising a transmitting station and a receiving station, a mechanism comprising a typewheel at said receiving station, said mechanism being operable to print received messages, means at said transmitting Station operable to transmit to said receiving station a continuous train of electrical impulses of substantially equal duration, said mechanism being operable to rotate said typewheel step-bystep in response to received impulses and under the control thereof, means at said transmittin station operable to lengthen the duration ofg individual impulses in accordance with characters forming elements of messages to be transmitted, said mechanism being operable to eii'ect printing operations in response to received impulses of lengthened duration, color-changing means in cooperative relation to said typewheel, electrical means for operating said color changing means. a circuit and source of current for said electrical means, and means operable to close said circuit in response to a received impulse of lengthened duration only when said typewheel is in a predetermined angular position.
  • a transmitting station and a receiving station in communicative relation thereto, typing mechanism at said receiving station, said typing mechanism comprising a full set of type for printing received messages in plain language, mechanism at said transmitting station operable under the control of an operator thereat to transmit electrical impulses to said receiving station, means at said receiving station responsive to said electrical impulses for selectively operating said typing mechanism under the control of the transmitting operator, and color changing mechanism at said receiving station operable under the control of the transmitting operator, the arrangement being such that any letter, word, phrase, sentence or numeral forming part of a message can be typed at the receiving station in a different. color from that of adjacent portions of the message, all under the control and at the will of the transmitting operator.
  • a transmitting station and a receiving station a line interconnecting said stations, means at said transmitting station for transmitting over said line a continuous series of electrical impulses of relatively short duration, typing means at said receiving station, said typing means comprising a mechanism operable step-by-step in response to received impulses to bring each of a series of ty e characters consecutively and individually into the printing position, a printing magnet actuable in response to received impulses of relatively long duration, said printing magnet when actuated being the printing of whichever type character is in the printing position, means at said transmitting statlon operable manually to lengthen the duration of individual outgoing impulses, the arrangement being such that each transmitted impulse of short duration advances said mechanism one step but does not cause said printing magnet to be actuated, a color changing mechanism at said receiving station operable in to certain impulses of lengthened duration received from said transmitting station whereby the color of the printed message can be changed at any time by the transmitting operator, a local circuit including a source of current for operating said
  • a telegraphically transmitted message comprising a plurality of sentences, which consists in printing the several sentences as a continuous Series of eeuallv spaced words ⁇ operable to effect response and diiferentiating between adjacent sendesired portion or portions of a transmitted l0 tences exclusively by printing thern in message can be printed at said receiving diierent colors.
  • station in either of a plurality of colors 11.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Impression-Transfer Materials And Handling Thereof (AREA)
  • Accessory Devices And Overall Control Thereof (AREA)
US74454A 1925-12-10 1925-12-10 Method of telegraphy Expired - Lifetime US1627444A (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE338788D BE338788A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1925-12-10
US74454A US1627444A (en) 1925-12-10 1925-12-10 Method of telegraphy
FR625786D FR625786A (fr) 1925-12-10 1926-12-07 Perfectionnements à la télégraphie
GB31320/26A GB262805A (en) 1925-12-10 1926-12-10 Methods of telegraphy

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US74454A US1627444A (en) 1925-12-10 1925-12-10 Method of telegraphy

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US1627444A true US1627444A (en) 1927-05-03

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US74454A Expired - Lifetime US1627444A (en) 1925-12-10 1925-12-10 Method of telegraphy

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US (1) US1627444A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE338788A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR625786A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB262805A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

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GB262805A (en) 1927-10-20
BE338788A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR625786A (fr) 1927-08-19

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