US1624952A

US1624952A - Internal-combustion engine

Info

Publication number: US1624952A
Application number: US626005A
Authority: US
Inventors: Terence G Jackson
Original assignee: JACKSON PETROLEUM MOTOR COMPAN
Current assignee: JACKSON PETROLEUM MOTOR Co; JACKSON PETROLEUM MOTOR COMPAN
Priority date: 1923-03-19
Filing date: 1923-03-19
Publication date: 1927-04-19
Anticipated expiration: 1944-04-19

Description

1,624,952 1'. G. JACKSON J INTERNAL couaus'rxou ENGINE Filed March 19, 1923 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 April 19, 1927'.

A'ril 1 192". p 1'. G. JACKSON INTERNAL COIBUSTION; ENGINE Filed Marat; 19. 1923 2 Sheets-8heot 2 Patented Apr. 19,- 1927'.

UNITED STATES PATENLT OFFICE.

TERENCE G. JACKSON, OF'ROCKFORD, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO THE JACKSON PETRO- LEUM MOTOR COMPANY,

OF AUGUSTA, MAINE, A CORPORATION OF MAINE.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Application filed March 19,1923. Serial No. 626,005.

This invention relates to improvements in opposed piston internal combustion engines and refers more particularly to an-improved connection between the crank shaft and the outer piston or pistons designed to aiiord a more flexible'connection of the outer piston or pistons with the crank shaft and to avoid the necessity of using guides for guiding the connections between the outer piston and the parts associated therewith for giving movement to the piston or pistons, and thereby reduce friction occasioned by such guides and loss of power due to such friction. a I

The present improvements are herein shown as adapted to the type of engine shown in the patent to George B. J ackson, No. 1,191,311, granted on the 18th day of July, 1916, and as designed for a two cylinder engine, but the improvements are adapt- 'able to other types of opposed piston en'- gines.

The object of the invention is to produce a flexible connection between the outer piston or pistons and the crank shaft which avoids retarding friction in said connections; to produce a contruction in engines of this type which permits interchangeability' of the inner and'outer pistons and thereby'reduce the production costof the engine, and to otherwise improve and simplify en gines of this type. i

The invention consists in the combination and arrangement of the elements shown in the drawings and hereinafter described in a selected embodiment, thereof, and the invention is pointed out in.

detail in respect of the appended claims.

In the drawin s: 7 Figure 1 is a ongitudinal sectional v ew of a two cylinder engine'in a planepassing through the axes of both pairs of pistons.

Figures 2 and 3are transverse vertical sections on the respective lines 2+2 and of Figure 1. 4 As shown in the drawings, 10, 10 designate the two cylinders of the engine, shown as made of a single casting and cored-to provide the

usual cooling passages

11, 11, the upper or outer pistons which travel in theouter ends of the cylinders; 12, 12, the inner pistons; 13 the crank shaft mounted in suitable bearingsM of the engine frame and '15, the

provided with a balance wheel; 15, connecting rods which directly connect'the outer pistons were The connection illustrated and described is inner pistons with one pair of the crank pins 16, said connecting rods 15 being formed with upper and lower

elongated bearings

15, 15 mounted respectively for rocking connection with piston pins 12 of the inner pistons and said

crank pins

16, and 17, 17, a pair of exterior connecting rods which connect another pair of crank pins 18 with the outer pistons 11. e

The present invention is involved primarily inthe connection between the outer ends of the connecting rod 1'? with the outer pistons 11. Said connection embraces a cross head 19' which extends transversely across the outer end of the cylinder frame, and is fixed at. its outer ends to the upper ends or hubs of the connecting rods 17 in anysuitable way; being herein shown as fixed to said connecting rods by non-rotative attachment. The cylinder casting is slotted-at 20 at diametric positions across the cylinder frame to receive and through which plays the crosshead 19. a

21, 21 designate the upper piston connecting rods that aflord connection between the cross head 19 and said upper pistons. As herein shown, said connecting rods are made short and are provided at their upper ends with bearings 22 elongated in the direction of the axis of the cross head 19 and mounted to rock on said cross head. Said upper connecting rods are also provided at their lower ends with elongated bearings 23 which are mounted for rocking movement on piston pins 2 1 which are mounted in the upper the plane of the axes of the'cross head 19.

The result of this construction, and the arrangement of the long connecting rods 17 for connecting the-outer pistons with the crank pins 18 is such as to give a flexibility of transmission movement to the outer pistons due to the right angle or substantially right angle relation'of the outer piston pins 24 and the cross head 19, as to thereby avoid tendency of binding of the outer pistons, and their connections to the cross head in and on the cylinder walls. that would occur if the connections between the cross head and rigid in one direction.

tween the outer pistons and their associated crank pins, said connectioirdoes not. require guiding engagement between parts of the connection and thecylinder wall as has heretofore been proposed in prior engines of this general type. This latter advantage is due to the fact that the axes of the outer.

crank pins and the cross head are at right angles to each other and to the fact that there is substantially long bearings between 4 the inner ends of the connecting rods 21 and the crank pins, andalso like bearings between the upper ends of said connecting rods 21 and the cross head 19. The substantial bracing function of said bearings can be increased by elongating the hub or sleevelike'

bearings

22, 23. Inasmuch as these bearings are rocking bearings minimum friction is developed due to said bracing or guiding function as compared to the arranging or designing of guide bearings between the outer short connecting rods 21 and the cylinder walls.

The absence of a frictional binding or guiding resistance in the connections between the outer piston connecting rods and the cylinder walls materially reduces the retarding friction found in prior constructions, with a consequent decrease of power loss due to such friction.

. Another advantage of the construction described is that the pistons of each cylinder are interchangeable so that the patterns, jigs and other manufacturing accessories to produce the pistons are adapted to both pistons of a cylinder; This construction simplifies and reduces the cost of manufacture of the pistons and also reduces the cost of tools, patterns, jigs, etc., for equipping the engine with pistons.

I claim: I 1. An opposed piston internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder open at its ends. inner and outer pistons reciprocable therein, a crank shaft, aconnection between the inner piston and said crank shaft, said shaftbeing provided with two cran k pins for operating the outer piston, and a connectibn between said latter crank pins and theouter piston embracing connecting rods connected to the crank pins and lying exterior to the cylinder. and means to connect the outer ends of said connecting rods to the outer piston, including pivot elements having their pivotal axes disposed in perlnanent angular relation with respect to each other to afford non-guided universal flexibility between .said connecting rods and said outer piston.

. ing rods. and a short connecting rod within.

the outer end of the cylinder rockingly con- ,nected to the said cross head and to the outer piston pin with respective angular dispositions to afford non-guided movement to said latter connecting rod and a flexibility in said connection to avoid binding of said outer piston in said cylinder.

3. An opposed piston internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder open at its ends, inner and outer pistons reciprocable therein, a crankshaft, a connection between .the inner piston and said crank shaft, said shaft being provided with two crank pins for operating the outer piston, and a connection between said latter crank pins and the outer piston comprising connecting rods connected to the crank pins and lying ex terior to the cylinder, a cross head extending between and connecting said connecting rods, a short connecting rod within the cylinder for connecting the cross head to the outer piston pin, and means to connect the said latter connecting rod to the cross head and to the outer piston pin adapted to give flexibility to said connection to avoid bindlo I the longitudinal axis of the crank pin connected to the outer piston.

1 An opposed piston internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder, inner and outer pistons reciprocable therein and having piston pins, a crank shaft, a connection between the inner piston and the crank shaft and a connection betweenthe outer piston and the crank shaft comprising connecting rods rockingly mounted on crankpins of said shaft. a cross head having its longitudinal axis in a plane at a right, angle to the axis of the outer piston pin and connecting the outer ends of said rods, and a short connecting rod between and having rocking bearing on said cross head and the outer piston pin.

5. opposed piston internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder, inner and outer pistons reciprocable therein and having piston pins, a crank shaft, a connection between the inner piston and the crank shaft, and a connection between the outer piston and the crank shaft comprising on said cross head and the outer piston 25 ing connecting rods rockingly mounted on pin, the rocking bearing between the latter crank pins of said shaft, a cross head whose connecting rod and the piston pin being longitudinal axis'is iii a plane at a right elongated axially of said piston pin.

angle to the axis of the outer piston pins 7. An opposed piston internal combustion and connecting the outer ends of said conengine comprising a cylinder, inner and 30 necting rods," and' a short connecting rod outer pistons reciprocable therein and havbetween and having rocking hearing on said ing piston pins, a crank shaft, a connection cross head and the outer piston pin; the axes between the inner piston and the crank of the crank pins for said outer connecting shaft and a connection between the outer rods being. parallel to said cross head. piston and the crank shaft comprising con- 35 '6. An opposed piston internal combusnecting rods rockingly mounted on crank tron engine comprising a cvhnder, rnner pins of HitlCLShfift, a cross head whose longiand outer pistons reciprocable therein and tudinal axis is in a plane at a right angle having piston pins, a crank shaft, :1 connecto the axis of the outer piston pin and cont-ion between the inner piston and thecrank necting the outer ends of said rods, and a 0 shaft and a connection between the outer short connecting rod between and having piston and the crank shaft comprising conrocking hearing on said cross head and the necting *iOdS rockingly mounted on crank outer piston pin, said cylinder being slotted pins of said shaft, a cross head having its at its outer end to receive said cross head.-

axis in a plane at a right angle to the axis In witness whereof- I claim the foregoing 45 of the outer piston pin and connecting the as my invention, I hereunto append my sig-- outer ends of said rods, and a short eonnectnature this 2nd day' of March, 1923. ing rod between and having rocking bear- G. JACKSON.