US1624647A - Long-stroke pumping apparatus - Google Patents

Description

April 12 1927.

v. YORK 7 LONG STROKE PUMPING APPARATUS 1 a l m 1 S a a. .w o 6 t l n W v h o S #W 2 0 4. A 4 2. 9 1 L 1 v o N d e 1 1, F

. o a r Y m 7 W T 1 M (M 75 A I c W l Z April' 12 1927.

v. YORK LONG STROKE PUMPING APPARATUS Filed Nov. 11, "1924 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 [All/1521703 Warn/e Yae/r Emma Er.

Patented Apr. 12, 1927.

uNir o STATES i VICTOR YORK, OF LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA.

a, LONG-STROKE. UMPING APPARAT S.

A l cat on fiIeItNOVember 11, 1 924 serial no. 749,133.

This invention relates 'todeep well pumping equipment, and'relatesparticularly to a design ofequipment 'of this sort which is suitabl'e for oil well use. a i

5 p In the oil well' industry oil is pumped from a well by means of pumping equipment whichgenerally includes a pump barrel in which a pump plunger is reoiprocable.

' The barrel of the pump is attached'to the lower end of a string of drill tubing, through which tubing oil is pumped to the surface of the well when the plunger is recip'rocate'd within the barrel. A string of sucker rods .attachesto the pump plunger and extends to the surface ofthe'well, where'it is connected withreciprocating-means. The present reciprocating means includes a walking beam which is swingably pivoted on a Samson post and which is reciprocated by means of a walking beam crank. The travel of the end of the walking beam to which the stringof sucker rods is connected does not exceed four feet in most ,cases.' n1 fairly deep wells equipped with thepresent pumpping equipment the pump stroke is considerably less than the stroke of the pump operating mechanism at the well surface; the chief reason for this beingdue to the clas- .ticity of the sucker rod string. The load ,of oilplaeed on the plungeriof a pump durits upward stroke ina well of 2000 to BOQO feet in depth is enormous, and owing totheelasticity of the material from which the sucker rods are formed, all of the motion of the walking beam will not 'be trans- Ie-rred to the pump plunger.-

Tofexplain this condition more clearly, let us assume the following hypothesis:

'Disregarding ,all other causes 7 of deficiencies ,ina pump, let us consider' that the stroke of'the walking beam is four, feet and that the stretch in the string of sucker rods, due to the elasticity ofthese was. .is two feet. ltwvill be seen that under these, circumstances, the movement of the pump plunger wouldhe two feet. One-half of the motion of thexsueker rod string then would he lost due to stretching, and the travel of the plunger relative to the walking beam would heone-half was much, and, consequently, the output of the pump would he. 50 per cent less, It 1 should .he understood -that the stretch in the sucker rods oceurs during the v per cent.

upward stroke, due to'the enormous load placed thereon at this time, and that the rods return to normal position on the downward or return stroke of the pump;

It is an object of thisinvention to provide deep well pumping equipment in which'the loss of efficiency, due to elasticity in the string of si1ckerrocls, is greatly reduced.

My invention comprises a pump construction which employs an extra long pumping barrel and mechanism for giving the plunger of the pump an extra longstroke. To illustrate the manner in which this will overcome or reduce the loss of efliciency in a pump ofl'tliis vcharacter, let us assume that the stroke of the pump is eight feet in place of the stroke of the usual 1 umping e niprn'ent which is four feet. he elastici y in the sucker rod string being two feet, it will n'otcause as great "a loss of output as is present'in the old types of pumps. The stretchin the first illustration was one-half that ofthe e'nt'ire stroke .of the pump, whereas the stretch in any equipment is only onequarter of the stroke of theplunger; there;

fore, the loss due to {elast'icityis only 25 per cent, whereasin the other pump it was It is evident from t'l'ris thata pump having a stroke of eight, feet, as in m invention,reduces this lossofoutput 50 per centover that ofthe pump having a four foot stroke.-

It" is another objeot'of this, invention to providea pumping, construction in which f the loss, due to the time taken for thewo-rking valve to close, is consider-ably reduce-d. To illustrate'this point, let us consider that upon the'upward stroke of a plunger, the travelis two inches before the nee-111 of the valve. In a pump having a stroke of four feet, as does the present pumps, 1/24th of the stroke is lost. In the equipment of my invention, the stroke being eight feet, the loss is redu'ced50 per cent; in other words, the time taken for the standing valve to close is O1TlyX1/48l3l1 Off/116 stroke of the pump;-

It is a further object of the invention to H provide pumping construction in which the life of the polish rod will he lengthened, due to its not being flexed by the-reciproeating mechanism. In pumping equipment the upper end of the string'of sucker rods is called a polish rod, this rod extending through a stufling box situated at the upper end of the pump tubing. The walking beam to which the polish rod is attached being pivotally swung, swings the upper end of the polish rod as it is reciprocated. The end of the walking beam follows an arcuated path, due to the fact that it pivots around the central part thereof.

The pumping construction of my invention comprises a flexible member which attaches to the sucker rod and which extends directly upward therefrom. A movement of the flexible member is arranged to reciprocate the polish rod, the pull being exerted on the polish rod in direct alignment with the extension thereof, and absolutely no bending in the polish rod is present. I

It is a still further object 'of my invention to provide a pumping equipmentwhich may utilize a number of the usual attachments employed during the drilling of the well and which requires the supplying of only a few extra parts. In this manner I am able to provide pumping mechanism in which the investment is comparatively low.

Other objects and advantages of my invention will be made evident hereinafter.

Referring to the drawings which are for illustrative purposes only,

Fig. 1 is a sectional View illustrating the utility of my invention, this view being essentially diagrammatic.

F 1g. 2 is a view looking downwardly on the floor of a derrick employing pumping equipment of my invention.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged view clearly illustrating the mechanism employed in my apparatus and supplying a motion to the polish rod.

Fig. 4 is a section taken as indicated by the line 1-4: of Fig. 3.

As shown in the drawings, 11 designates a well having a pump tube 12 extended tl'iereinto which has a pump 13 situated at the lower end thereof. This pump 13 includes a pump barrel 14 and a pump plunger 15. The barrel 14:, as is clearly evident from the drawing, is much longer than the usual length of a pump barrel fora plunger of the size shown. Attached to the upper end of the plunger 15- and extending upwardly through the tubing 12 is a string of sucker rods 16 having a polish rod 17 attached to the upper end thereof. This polish rod 17 extends through a stuffing box 20. secured on the extending end of the pump tubing 12. The casing 21 of the well 11 is provided with a casing head 22, through which the well tubing 12 extends, and from which there extends a pipe line 23 for conducting gas from the well. A reciprocation of the polish rod 17 serves to reciprocate the pump plunger 15 in the barrel 1 1 in a manner to elevate oil through The mechanism provided by my invention for reciprocating the plunger 15 includes a pair of slide members 30 which, as clearly shown in Fig. 4, may be in the form of I-beams which are bolted to the floor 31 of the derrick 32 of the well, these slides 30 being positioned so that the inner ends thereof extend adjacent and slightly to one side of the well, as is clearly shown in Fig. 2. A stationary wheel 34, rotatable on a shaft 35, is secured at the inner ends of the slides 30 by means of brackets 36, which are bolted on the slides 30 by means of suitable bolts 37. The wheel is placed on the shaft 35" between the brackets 36 so as to be situated centrally with regard to the slides 30. At the outer end of the slide members 30 is a movable wheel 10, this wheel i0 being rotatable on a shaft 4C1 which is supported by. travelling blocks &2. The blocks 42 are of a construction, as clearly shown in Fig. l, )roviding T slots 4/1 on the lower portion'of the base thereof, these T slots' lbeing provided by inwardly projecting lips 45. The upper flanges 4-7 of the slide members 30 are'arranged to extend into the T slots #14 when the blocks 42 are in place, asfis shown in the drawing.

Adjacent to the stationary wheel 3st and slightly to the outside thereof is a bar which is secured on the upper faces of the slides 30 by bolts 51. A flexible member in the form of a'cable is attached to the bar as by' the extension of the end thereof through an opening 55 in the bar 50, and by the employment of a cable clamp 56. The

cable 53 extends outward over and-around the movable wheel 40, and inward under and around the stationary wheel 34. The cable 53 is then extended upward and over a guide sheave 58.

In the drawings I have shown the guide sheave 58 as being one of the sheaves of a crown block 59 which is situated'at the top 60 of the derrick and which is en'iploycd during the drilling of the well. In this manner I am able to utilize this portion of the present equipment of the well. It will be understood, however, that if desired, other guiding means could be employed equally as well. It, is important, however, that the guide sheave 58, whether it be a portion of the crown block 59 or whether it'be an extra. supply part, be situated in such position that the inner point of the periphery be located precisely above the center of the well or in alignment with the extension of the polish rod 17. The cable 53 extends upward from the stationary wheel 34, over the guide sheave 58, as shown-in Fig. 1, and from r I thence extehdsidownward and is attached at of sucker rods thereupon.

62 to the'uppe'r end of the polish rod 17 The movablewheel 40 is arranged to be i'cciprocated fromth'e position shown in full lines in Fig. 1,,into the position indicated by the'd'otted' lines 64 in this figure, the sliding blocks'42, travelling as is evident along the upper fla1iges-47'pfthe slide I-beams 30. Means for reciprocating the movable wheel 40 is provided in the form of a crank 65, from which there extends a connector 66.

The crank 65, in order to reduce additional parts, may be the usualwalking beam crank of the derrick equipment, this crank being secured on a shaft 67 which takes the band wheel construction 68, said shaft being supported in bearings 69 supported by a structure 70. The connector 66 may be of a rigid or flexible nature, thisbeing made more clear. .later on.

In this modification, I have Yin-e tended that the connector 66 be made from a flexible cable. The end of the connector 66, opposite from the crank 65, is secured to the travelling blocks 42 by means of a yoke 72, this yoke having a clamp 7 3 by which the connector 66 securesthereto, and being attached'to the travelling blocks 42-by suitable bolts 75.

The operation of the equipment just described is substantially as follows:

It will be understood that there is at all times the weight of the string of sucker rods and the pump plunger 15 upon the live end 77 of the cable 53. This creates a pull upon the cable 53, which tends to move the'movable wheel 40 toward thestationary wheel 34, as will clearly be seen from the drawings. From this it is clear that the purpose of the crank is not to reciprocate the movable" wheel40 into both positions, but that chiefly it is for the purpose of moving this movable wheel 40 from the position indicated by the dotted lines 64 into the position indicated by the full lines in this'figure, the weight of the sucker rods 16 and the plunger 15 being sufficient to move the movable wheel 40 into the dotted position 64. From this it is evi dent that it is not necessary for the'connector 66 to be rigid, owing to the fact that a pull or tension is the only force exerted there-- upon. When the crank 65 is reciprocated, one-half the revolution thereof serves to move the movable wheel 40 from the position 64 into its outer position, and during the other half of the revolution the movable wheel is returned to the position'64 due to the weight of the pump plunger and the string turn stroke, the crank and connector 66 serve merely to control the speed at which the wheel will return to the position 64. I The principle employed for moving th live end 77 of the cable 53 is substantially the reverse that of block and tackle; in other words, instead of pulling upon the live end of sheaves employed therein.

During the re' 77 to move the movable wheel 40, I recip rocate themovable wheel 40 to supply motion to the liveend 77. In this illustration I have employed two wheels in the construction; Consequently, the movement in the live end"77. of the cable 53 is twice the travel of the movable wheel 40, this complying with the block] and tackle principle,"as it is seen that themovement of the block .and tackle rope moves the movable pulley thereof in proportion tothe number Although I have only shown two wheels, it should be clearly understood that I may employ any number of wheels I desire. Considering thatthe travel of the movable wheel 40 is four feet, the movement of the live end 77 of the cable 58 will be eight feet. This movement being transferred through the string of sucker rods 16 to the pump travel of eight feet, which is double that of the usual pumping plunger.

From I the foregoing description it is clearly evident that the construction of my plunger 15, causes the. plunger to have a invention employs various equipments of the derrick, which is a standard part there-u of used in the drilling of the well. The additional parts which must be supplied are few and, therefore, the investment will be less than that of other pumping construe tions. The life of the polish rod of the pump will be greatly prolonged due to the fact that no bending is incurred therein by pumpingequipment, as the pull exerted on the polish'rod 17 is in direct alignment with cable extends; a movable wheel over which said cable extends, said movable wheel being slidably mounted upon a base; and

means for moving said movable wheel so as to move said cable in a manner to reciprocate said. plunger.

2. In combination: a pump barrel; a pump plunger; a string of sucker rods connected with said plunger; a cable attached to said string of sucker rods; a sheave over H which said cable extends, said sheave being I "situated in such a manner that said cable will extend from said string of sucker rods y 1 i in axial alignment therewith; a stationary wheel over which said cable extends;a mov-- able wheel over which said cable extends, said movable wheel being slidably mounted upon a base; and means for moving said Wheel over both of which said cable extends, 10 movable Wheel so as to move said cable in said movable Wheel being slidably associated a manner to reciprocate said plunger. With a pair of horizontal tracks; and means 3. In combination; a reciprocating pump for moving said movable Wheel on said comprising abarrel and plunger; a cable tracks. I a associated with said plunger for moving In testimony whereof, I have hereuntolfi said plunger; means for moving said cable setmy hand at'Los Angeles, Califmnia, this soas to move said plunger, said means com- 3rd day of November, 1924. prising a stationary Wheel and a movable VICTOR YORK.

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