US1621609A - Calculating device - Google Patents

Description

T. J. .SMULSK|- CALCULATING DEVICE March 22; 1927; 1,621,609

Filed Feb. 2, 1923 3 Sheets-Sheet l 4 55 5 v @0672707 wi 1X46 hw /m March 22 1927. 1,621,609

T. J. SMULSl (l CALCULATING DEVICE Filed Feb. 2. 192 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 (41%955 5' (Km/ ermi I 1,621,609 March 22 1927- T' J sKI CALCULATING DEVI CE Filed Feb. 2, 1923 IS'Sheets-Sheet 5 of the user,

. the claims.

Patented Mar. 22, 1927. r

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

THEODORE J. SMULSKI, OI! CHICAGO, ILiIINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO JOHN W.

' OF GARY, INDIANA.

ANDERSON,

CALCULATING DEVICE.

Application filed February 2, 1923. Serial No. 616,544.

My invention relates to improvements in a Calculating device, and more particularly to a device of the kind described which will be extremely compact so that all of the working parts thereof may be mounted in a watch case or the like and carried in the vest pocket where it will be handy for use at all times.

Another object of my invention is to provide a device of the kind described which will be neat and attractive in appearance, simple in construction, extremely accurate in use and efficient and satisfactory wherever found applicable.

Many other objects and advantages of the construction herein shown and described will be obvious to those skilled in the art from the disclosures herein given.

To this end my invention consists in the novel construction, arrangement and combination of parts herein shown and described, and more particularly pointed out in In the drawings, 'wherein like reference characters indicate like or corresponding parts,

Fig. 1 is a plan .VieW of the device as onclosed within a watch case;

Fi 2 is a section taken substantially on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1;

, Fig. 3 is a. face plan view of the device wit 1 the front cover of the Watch removed, for'the purpose of clearer illustration;

Fig. 4 is a rear view ofthe device as shown fixed'in the watch case, with the rear cover of the case shown brokenaway;

Fig. 5 is a section taken substantially on the line 5-5 of Fig. 4, but with the rear cover in place;

Fig. 6 is a section taken substantially on the line 6-6 of Fig. 7;

Fig. 7 is a section taken substantially on the line 7-7 of Fig. 6;

Fig. 8 is a section taken substantially on Fig. 9 is a section taken the line 9--9 of Fig. 8;

Fig. 10 is a. section taken .the line 10-10 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 11 is a secti'oi: similar to that shown in Fig. 10, but with t e partitlon plate shown therein removed;

substantially on substantially on of one of the partitioned a pin 3 having a knob or knurled head .4, said pin serving to control the spring catch for holding the watch case closed.

I have shown the casing 1 as a watch case,

but it is to be understood that any special form of housing or casing may be used, if so desired.

A supporting member having a peripheral which is frietionally and removably posi-.

flange 5 with a web 6 extending across said flange is provided to carry the parts of the device, said web portion 6 extending oblique- 1y of the median plane of the flanged part 5 and having a series of annular steps or shoulders 7 carried thereon, progressively varying in diameter, each of'the shoulder portions 7 being circular in form, the centers' of each of the shoulder portions 7 being offset from the center of the flange circle 6 and all of said mutually eccentrically spaced portions having a point in common at their circumferences. The member 5-6 is pref- .erably held rigidly in position in the casing by means of a cross-bar 8, as shown.

Rotatably arranged on each of the stepped portions 7 are a notched or toothed dials or disks, said disks being of progressively varying diameter so that all of them have a point in common at their circumferences. Any number of disks may be used, and in the construction shown there are five disks, 9, 10, 11, 12 and 13, each of said disks having a plurality of sets of digits thereon, each set marked or numbered from 0 to 9 inclusive, the larger of said disks representing the lowest order of the calculating system and inthe present instance will be termed the unit order; the next disk being the tens order, the next the hundreds order. and so on. Two sets of digits are provided on each of the dials in, the embodiment shown, but it is to be understood that any number of sets of digits may be arranged ranged spacing members or plates'l i, substantially of circular form so as to-conceal the digital markings on the disks, the same secured 'to the stepped portions 7 by screws -ing spaced apart, Intermediate the ends of 15 or any. other suitable orequivalent fastening means. Each of the members 14 has a portion of its periphery cut away for substantially half its circumference so as to provide stops or shoulders 16 at the ends of said cut-away portion, and intermediate the end of said cut-away portion themember 14 is provided with a reference notch oropening 17 whereby a digit on the numbered disks may be viewed successively;

When the parts are arranged in the position shown all of the numbers or digits -on the dials are concealed except the single digits visible through the notches 17. Diametrically opposite the. reference notch 17 the members 14 are provided with acircumferentially extending opening 18, and extending circnmferentially from adjacent each end of, the opening 18 are peripheral flanges 19-19', formed on the disk 14, as shown, the adjacent ends of said flanges bethe flanges and projecting from the other face of the'memberl l'so as to extend in a direction opposite to the flanges 19-19' is a cam 20, said cam arranged to lie'substantially on the diamctrical line passing through the notch 17 and the op'enin 18. A portion of the disk carrying the ange 19 hasbeen cut away soas to form said flange into a spring member, the free end of 7 said spring member having a detent 21 formed thereon adapted to ,releasably en the notched periphery of the disks 9 gage The top member l has an opening 17 therein .but is substantially .imperforate otherwise except for the opening through which a'screw 22 is. inserted for securement to the web'6.' The edges 23 of the member 14" do not e-xtend radially outwardly but extend substantially diagonally so as to overlie the flanges 19-19 of the plates 14,

and leaving the series of shoulders iti of the disks 14 visible. 0 Ase'ries of digits 24 is provided on the 1 member 14 and a similar'series of digits 25 is arranged to run in the reverse order aojacent tlie periphery of the lowest order of the disks 9, the terminal digits of each of said series being positioned adjacent the stops 16g ltjxtending diagonally acrosseach of the toothed disks are recesses 26, the recesses di-- memos sequence of one of its sets of digits will cause the next higher order of disks to be moved through one digital position.

"The flexible cams 27 carried by r the toothed disks will rotate therewith, being held down by the flanges 19-19' of the plate 1a thereabove, until such cams engage with the fixed cams 20 carried. by the web 6 and the plates 14, whereupon such cam '27 will be lifted to extend through the opening 18 in the plate 14 and engage between a pair of adjacent teeth of the next higher order of disks. The continued rotary movement of the lowerorder disk through the distance between adjacent teeth or digits will move the higher order disk therewith through the same distance, said cam. 27 being released from engagement with the higher order of disk after a movement through said predetermined distance. a

This carrying-over operation is clearly shown in Figs. 6-9, inclusive. In Fig. 6, all

of the yieldable cams 27 are below the disks 14,between them and the next higher order of numbered disks, while in Figs. 8 and 9 the yieldable cam 27 has been lifted by the cam 20 so'as to extend through the opening 18 and into the space between the notches of the numbered disk 11 so that further 'movement of the notched member 10 will cause similar movement of the member ll through the distance between adjacent digits or-teeth, the flexible cam 27 releasing its engagement with the numbered disk 11 as soon as the flexible camreachesthe far side of the stationary cam 20. T

The operation of the deviceisasfollows; Assuming that it is desired to perform addition, let us say, of thennmbers 27 and 13,- then with the parts in the position shown in Fig. 3 the disk corresponding to the order oftens will be moved 2 ,teeth and the unit disk moved through 7 teeth, this movement beingefl'ected by any. suitable means or] instrument, as .desired, the 'detent 21 i (It! yieldably engaging the teeth and preventing.

2 ofthe reference series 25 and moving-the disk forward (to the. left) until the pin.

comes in contact with the' stop 16, whereupon the pin is withdrawn. The unit disk-is similarly engaged in the space most closely adjacent the digit 7 of the series 25 and the disk 9 is forwardly moved until the pin 3 engages the stop 16, whereupon the pin 3- is withdrawn. The indicator dial will then read 00027. Now to add 13 to the 27, the pin 3 is first inserted in the disk 10 in the space most closely-adjacent the numeral 1 of the series 25 and said disk moved through one tooth 01' until the pin engages the stop 16. Then the unit dial or disk is moved in the same manner through three teeth, that is, the pin engages it adjacent the space between the teeth of said dial nearest the number 3 of the series 25, whereupon the visible number will be 00040, indicating that the sum of 27 and 13 equals 40.

Subtraction may be performed with the device, except that in this instance the series of digits 24 is to be used as the guide for the proper insertion of the pin 3, instead of the series 25.

In case itis desired to use the device as a counter, a pin 30 may be arranged at any suitable point on the casing, said pin having its inner end adapted'to engage the teeth of the lowest order of disks and having an enlarged head 31 whereby the pin may be operated. A spring 32 1s interposed between the pin 30 and the casing so as to normally press the pin outwardly of the teeth of the disks.

.It will be noted that the disks are obliquelv arranged or mounted, thereby enabling them to be more easilv operated and read, because the visible digits of the disks 912 will then be substantially in a plane most nearly parallel to the median plane of the watch case.

One of the important advantages of constructing the device in the manner described is that there may be a certain small amount of movement lost on each wheel to allow for engaging and disengaging during carrying so that the numerals to be read are always aligned and the reading may be accurately made. In other words,- during the carrying there will be no lagging but the device will be accurate at all times.

Having thus described my invention, it is obvious that various immaterial modifications may be made in the same without departing from the spirit of my invention; hence I do not wish to be understood as limiting myself to the exact form, construction. arrangement and combination of parts herein shown and described or uses mentioned. i

What I claim as new and by Letters Patent is: j

1. A calculator comprising a series of movable disks of progressively varying didesire to secure anieters and orders mounted above one another with their centers spaced so that all of said disks have a point in common at their circumference, each of said disks having a series of numbers thereon and a recess'therein, and yieldably-held means between each pair of adjacent disks and en gageable in the recess in the adjacent disk to carry-over said adjacent disk when the other of said disks has been moved a predetermined amount and automatically disengaging from said recess as soon as the carrying-over has been effected.

2. A calculator comprising a series of movable disks of progressively varying diameters and orders mounted above one another with their centers spaced so that all of said disks have a point in common at their circumference, each of said disks having a series of numbers thereon and a recess therein. and yieldably-held means between each pair of adjacent disks and engageable in the recess in the adjacent disk to carryover said adjacent disk, when the other of said disks has been moved a predetermined amount, and guide means for automatically positively disengaging said yieldably-held means from said recess as soon as the carrying-over has been effected.

3. A calculator comprising a series of movable notched disks of progressively varying diameters and orders mounted above one another with their centers laterally spaced so that all of said disks have a point in common at their circumference, each of said disks having a series of numbers thereon and provided with a radial recess therein,

a partition above each disk, and provided with .a yieldable detent engageable successively with the notches in said disks to yieldably hold them against accidental movement and also provided with an elongated aperture therethrough and with a stationary guide cam thereon adjacent said aperture, and a yieldable cam engageable with said stationary cam, said yieldable cam mounted in the recess in each of said disks and movable therein into said elongated recess in the partition, whereby when one of said disks is moved through a predetermined distance, said yieldable cam will be engaged and guided in its movement by the stationary cam on the partition to carryover an adjacent disk of the next order, and be guided out of carrying engagement after a movement through the distance between adjacent digits.

4. A calculator comprising an enclosing case, a support mounted in said case and having a series of axially spaced annular shoulders of progressively varying diameter formed thereon, each of said annular shoulders having its center laterally offset from the centers of the other shoulder, all of said shoulders at one point of their circumferences lying in a line parallel to the axes of the shoulders, means for mounting said support obliquely in said case, a toothed annulus rotatably mounted on each of said shoulders one digit thereon will be Visible, and stops .andprovided with a plurality of series of for engaging the stylus used for actuating 3.

of digits will be visible, partitions .above dig-its thereon, there being one digit for said disk and limiting the continuous'moveeach tooth, said disks adapted to be actuated ment thereof; i with a stylus in the notches, means for In testimony whereof, I have hereunto covering said disks so that only-one series signed my name.

each disk for covering them so that only THEODORE SMULSKI.

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