US1620676A - Burner - Google Patents

Description

March 15 1927.

. 1,620,676 J. H. NUTTER v BURNER Filed March 12, 1925 I5 Sheets-Sheet 1 F145: 1

4 46 l Inventor 1 I I V Atornqy.

1,620.576 March 15, 1927. J H. NUTTER.

BURNER Filed March 12. 1925 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 horizontal cross-Section;onthe plane of the Patented Mar. 15, 1927.

JAMESFL- ewest. KEN-$11015? rm ne Application filed Marc h 12, 192 5., Serial lilo. 15,033. Y

My invention relates to gaseous or liquid tion without overheating,'and to [provide a thorough mixture of air with the vapor and obtain an effective distributionoftheflame with a minimum of deterioration of the burner structure. A further object-1s to provide for economy of manufacture of such burners, and to sim'p'lif'y the use theredf .to

make them readily adaptable to domestic.

use, whether for cooking stoves or ranges,

or for heating stoves orfurnades. Other r in the course ofthe objects will appea ensuing description.

I attain these objects by the device illustrated, for example, drawings, in which.-

Figure 1 is a plan view of a burner em,- bodying my invention, of. a design suitable for use in a cooking stoveor range;

Fig. 2 is a vertical-sectional side'elevation of the same, thesection being. on the plane" of the line 2-2 "of Fig. 4;

Fig. 3 is a bottom plan View of the same; Fig. tie a front. end elevation, of, the same; i

Fig. 5 is a detail front endelevation of 'Fig. 10 is a.vertical crossssectionon the plane of the line l0l0v of Fig. 9;;

Fig. 11 is a plan,view,correspondingto Fig. 1, but Showing afmodificatiouof burner, adapting it; for 'usein, a; heating stove or. furnace,-the iew .bei;ng partly. n

line 1l-11 of Fig. 12;

as kerosene, burning the vapor as thus in the accompanying Fig. 12-is an end elevation of this modi fied burner; 7

Fig/'18 isa vertical cross-section on the plane 'ofthe line 13.-13 of Fig. 11, of one of the segments of the modified burner; and

Fig. 14 is a partial side elevation of the modified burner, looking to the right in. the region of the" sectional illustrationfinlFig. 11, better disclosing the formation of the main pa'rtof "the burner where it joins one of the segments, the adjoining segment being' omitted,

Infthe example of Figs. 1 to 10, inclusive, the main body part ofthe burner," which, may be an iron or'steelxcasting, comprises the lowerdistr'ibuting head 1 at the rear end, Opening upwardly into the rear ends of parall'ellaterally spaced distributing 'ducts "2 and 3,. which are closedat their front ends;'

the plugs l screwccl intothe front .ends beingmerelythc closures of core-supportopeningsincidefntto casting the body part, the

other opening for. which is' the inlet opening 5 in the front-wall of the distributing head,

atits middle, below the space between the two ducts 2 and ,3. The top ofthe head 1 i is closed between the ducts, and atthe rear end,' extending across this space from' duct to; duct, is the web 6,.having a'half-circular upwardly opening recess 7 in its up er edge midway, between the ducts. Also, at the front ends these ductsQ- and are joined by a Web, 8. having its top edge below the tops' of the ducts. The structure j'ustdescribed' preferably is formed in one integral casting. Each one of the ducts, 2 andS, approx? mately of rectangular cross-section, but preferably having their upper adjacenticornersQQa nply'rounded, has-a series of transverse slots 10ncut in its top and extending for some distance down into the upright sides. Preferably, these slots 10 aredeeper at the inner j'adjacent sides thanat the, outer sides, asbest seen in Fig. 7. The slots 10 are'jver'y narrow, in proportion to the other dimensions ot the ducts; for example, about one thirty-second inch. wide in aburner for a ,range or cooking stove or the like-of usual size- Lfp.1?L ti6; h6Se slots may be ut by: a gangot slittingi saws on a.m 1l. ng.ma-' chine or thelike, with geateconomy; of labor. as:.W 1l- 1 as ,0 -f,.equi men Theiftorntpl tell 1 1a its upper rower nartgscreweditothefront-wehBt fg eb dy part, and projects down even with the bottom of the rear head 1 thereof; thus forming, with the head 1, the bottom of the device, to rest 011 suitable supports in the stove, range or the like in which the burner is used. At its middle, below the ducts 2 and 3,th1t plate 11 has the opening 12, and on its inner or rear face it has the bead 13 extending around concentric with the opening 12, except at the bottom, where the bead is discontinued. Also, the middle of the bottom edge of the plate 11 is recessed, and a boss 14 formed thereon below the opening 12 has a set screw 15 threaded up through it into the opening 12. This opening is alined with the opening 5 of the head 1.

The mixing chamber 16 is tubular, extending parallel with the ducts 2 and 3, with its front end held inside the head 13 and its rear end against the front of the distributing head 1 with the interior of the chamber 16 registering with the opening 5 in the head. Ears 17 project from opposite sides of the rear end of the chamber 16 and are screwed to the front wall of the head 1. The lower side of the front end part of this mixing chamber is omitted, leaving the air inlet 18.

Along the top of this tubular chamber 16 is the trough 19, projecting slightly up' between the ducts 2 and 3 and adapted to hold a strip 20 of absorbent material, such as wicking. The damper-.21 is a shell, cylindrical except that its top is omitted, and with open ends; thus fitting around the tubular chamber 16 from one side of the trough 19 to the other, and adapted to be slid forward or backward therealong, to cover the air inlet 18 more or less completely. The handle rod 22 extends back through an opening in the front plate 11, at one side, and has its rear end fixed to a laterally extending lug 23 on the front end of the damper 21; thus serving for adjusting this damper from in front of the device.

1 The vaporizer or generator comprises the tube or pipe 24 resting, near its rear end, in the recess and having its rear endentering the fuel-supply head 25, up into the bottom of which head leads the nipple 26, behind the rear web 6 of the burner body part. This vaporizer tube 24 extends forward parallel with and partly down in the saace between the burner ducts 2 and 3, over he absorbent strip 20. At the front of the device the tube 24 curves down over and in front of the plate 11, and has on its lower end the valve body 27 which has a rearwardly projecting nozzle 28 extending through and snugly fitting in the opening 12 0f the front plate 11 and thus forming the front support for the vaporizer or generator. This valve body 27 also has the bottom downwardly projected neck 29, and has an upright passage 30, approximately of the same diameter as the interior of the vaporizer tube 24, from the lower end of this tube 24 out through the bottom neck 29; being closed by a cap 31 screwed on the exterior of the neck 29, with a suitable gasket 32. Also, the valve body 27 has the forwardly projected front neck 33, and has a transverse passage 34 through this neck 33 into the upright passage 30, alined with a transverse passage 35 from the upright passage back into the nozzle 28, through the rear end of which this passage has a much reduced outlet 36 surrounded interiorly by the conical valve seat 37 (Fig. 10.) The passage 35 is threaded for part of its length, and the valve rod 38, projecting back through and snugly fitting in the front passage 34, projects into the rear passage 35, with threads 39 engaging the threads ,of the passage. Behind these threads 39 the rod is reduced, forming a neck 40, succeeding which the rod is somewhat enlarged, forming the ,valveplug part 41, the front end of which is conical to fit the seat 37, with the needle 42 projecting back from its center into the reduced outlet 36. This rod 38 also has the longitudinal groove 43 cutting through its threads 39, and long enough to form a passage from the upright valve body passage 30 back into the annular space within the rear passage 35 around the rod neck 40; and the plug part 41 is small enough to leave an annular outlet there-around to the reduced outlet 36 whenthe rod is screwed forward, with the needle 42 more or less closing this outlet as the rod is screwed backward and forward. A cap 44, screwed on the exterior of the front neck 33, compresses packing 45 against the end of the neck around the valve rod38, which rod has at its front end a suitable handle 46 for turning it. i

In the modification of Figs. 11 to 13, inelusive, the structure so far described is re tained; the modification consisting in providing the outer sides of the ducts 2'. and 3' with ports 47 and 48 near the front and rear ends, respectively, of the device, and mounting upon the sides the additional duct-s, each in three sections or segments 49, arranged in series from the front ports 47 outward. and then. inward to the rear ports 48; making the general contour of the entire device approximately octagonal, with all of the sections 49 alike in shape. Each-section has top ears 50 and bottom ears 51 at its ends, by which the sections are bolted together. and to the top ears 52 and bottom ears on the main ducts 2 and 3. Each section 49 is straight, with its slots 10 cut across its top, similarly to the cutting of the main ducts-2' and 3. Such a design thus permits of economy in manufacture, as a number of the extension duct sections'may be cut at one time. V

In arranging the vaporizing receptacle,

constituted byzthe. tube .24, the anixing chain-2, ber: 16 v and. :the .outlet ducts i 23 andx3 i {all in, juxtaposition and ,parallel; to, ,each other,= I am. enabled 1 to provid a burnersof large;

capacity within, a; relativelygsmalli space; and witlr a relatively small amount of material in its'fconstructionh B-y-lliaving the mixing chamber 16 below the outlet ducts 2 and 3, and leading the mixture upward therefrom to the ducts through the head 1, from the air inlet 18, the natural draft due to the pressure of the cooler atmosphere on the mixer contents, warmed by the admixture of the heated vapor from the receptacle 24, promotes the flow from mixer to outlet ducts. By disposing the outlet ducts 2 and 3 in flanking relation to the vaporizing tube or receptacle 24, with the receptacle in the plane of the duct outlet areas represented by the duct slots 10, the heating effect of the flames from the slots 10 is sufficient for vaporizing, yet not so great as to cause overheating and pre-ignition within the mixer 16. The slots 10 being cut deeper on the sides of the ducts next to the vaporizer 24, the flames are directed slightly toward the vaporizer, insuring the above effect. Exclusion of duct outlet area from under the vaporizer 24: not only eliminates the tendency to overheating; it permits the wick ing or the like, 20, in the trough 19, to be directly under the vaporizing receptacle or tube 24; where, saturated with a convenient inflammable liquid, such as alcohol, for ex ample, it can act effectively as a preheater for the receptacle 24, when starting operation of the burner, before the flame from the outlet ducts 2 and 3 can be utilized for that purpose. Further, location of the mixer below the outlet ducts 2 and 3 avoids overheating of the mixer 16, as occurs with a mixer up over or in substantially the plane of the outlet ducts. The vapor generated in the tube 2 1 has to travel downward to the mixer 16; but it is under pressure from the source of liquid-fuel supply, so that it travels downward without difiiculty.

The valve body 27 having the bottom adapted to be opened by removal of the cap 31, below the valve-controlled passage 35, allows solid particles coming in with the fuel to fall into the lower interior space thus defined, instead of being forced into the valve controlled passage 85, where they would get between the valve-plug part 41 and its seat 37, preventing sufiicient closure of the valve to reduce the vapor outlet for correct operation. By removal of the cap 81 from time to time, particles thus collecting may be cleaned from the device. The valve rod 38, having the longitudinal groove -3 through its threads 39, has these threads of ample bearing area on the threads of the passage, so as to be firmly supported in accurate'relation to the seat 37 and outlet orificel 6l; yeta h s pas age 1- 1118 ,oft mp e Car,

paci ytoisupply as, apoapast the h a 39i' toithe orifice36 The front plate- 11,;

forming at once the ,frontsupportfor the r ducts2-vand 8,- and for the vaporizing recep tacle 24L and,,'the mixer damper rod 22,: pe

a., very, simple and, compact; construc tion; especially as to the receptacle or tube 24, which is held in place by the set screw 15 clamping its nozzle 28 in the opening 12 of the plate 11, and only rests its rear end part in the recess 7 of the burner body part, so that this vaporizer, together with its valve device, can be assembled apart from the other heavier and less delicate parts of the burner and then assembled as a whole with those parts in a very simple manner. And of course it may be taken off, for repairs or replacement, in an equally convenientmanner. It will be seen that the mixer damper 21 is firmly guided in its embracing relation to the mixer tube 16; and permits a wide range of adjustment of air supply, from practically complete closure to complete opening of the air inlet 18, by means of a very simple, direct and easily understood manipulating means at the front of the burner.

Modifications other than those herein exemplified may occur in practice. Therefore, while I have explicitely described certain preferred construction and arrangement of parts herein, I do not wish to be understood as being limited to such precise disclosure, but having thus fully described my invention as is required, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a burner, a body comprising parallel laterally spaced distributing ducts closed at their front ends and a distributing head integral with the lower parts of the rear ends of said ducts, into which said ducts open downwardly, having an opening in its front below said ducts, said ducts having slots cut transversely in their tops, down into their lateral sides, a plate secured to said front ends of said ducts, depending therefrom and having an openingtherebelow, a mixing chamber held between said plate and said head, in communication with the openings therein, and having a lateral air inlet, and i a vaporizing tube having its rear end sup ported on said head, extending along over the space between said ducts and curving down into said opening in said plate.

2. In a burner, a body comprising parallel laterally spaced distributing ducts closed at their front ends and having a web integrally joining the lower parts of their front ends and a distributing head integrally joining the lower parts of their rear ends, into which head said ducts open downwardly, said head having on its top an integral upstanding web integrally joining said ducts and having an opening in its front below the space between said ducts, said ducts having slots cut transversely in their tops, down into their lateral sides, a plate secured to said front Web and depending therefrom and 5 having an opening therebelow, a mixing chamber held between said plate and said head, in communication With the openings therein, and having a lateral air inlet, and a vaporizing tube having its rear end supported on said rear Web, extending along over the space between said ducts and curving down into said opening in said plate.

JAMES H. NUTTER.

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