US1619949A - Method and apparatus for producing colored motion pictures - Google Patents

Description

March 8 1927. 1,619,949

L. D. MANNES ET AL METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING COLORED MOTION PICTURES Wibwmven tm 5 March s, 1921. -1,619,949

L. DMANNES ET Ai.

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING COLORED MOTION PICTURES Filed June 2e. 1920 4 sheets-sheet 2 NVENTORS 03 1 BY .ff/WM M,n1m*mm ATTORNEYS L. D. MANNES ET AL METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING COLORED MOTION PICTURES March s, 1927. 1,619,949

Filed June 28, 1920 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 Effi,

1,619,949 March 8 1927' l.. D. MANNES Er Al.

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING COLORED MOTION PICTURES Fled June 28, 1920 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 nmnnnn,nnn

DDJDUEI LDJJDUEIDDUD DDDEIDU INVENTORS Patented Mar. 8, 1927.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

LEOPOLD D. HANNES, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., AND LEOPOLD GODOWSXY, JR., OF LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA.

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING COLORED MOTION PICTURES.

Application led June 28, 1920. Serial No. 382,215.

Our present invention consists in improved methods of, and apparatus for the production of projected pictures in natural colors accordin to the known plan of simultaneously taing a plurality of pictures of an object or scene through a corresponding plurality of separate lenses, with a different colored light filter screen in front of each of the different lenses, and projecting the pictures thus taken through the same or a similar plurality of lenses and color filters onto a screen on which the different and differently colored images of the object or View projected through the different lenses are superposed. In practice we ordinarily employ two lenses to simultaneously produce or project two pictures of each object or scene, or employ three lenses to produce 01 project three pictures of each object or scene. When we employ two lenses the color filter employed in frontof one of the two lenses will ordinarily be red-orange, and the filter in front of the other lens will be bluegreen. When three pictures are made, ordinarily the color filter in front of one of the three lenses will be orange-red, the filter in front of another lens will be green, and the filter in front of the third lens will be blue-violet. Theoretically the use of a large number of lenses with a corresponding numher of pictures and color filter screens gives a better color effect than the use of a smaller number of lenses, filters and pictures. In general, however, the larger the number of separate lenses, screens and pictures, the more complicated is the construction and adjustment of the apparatus, and for this reason it is desirable to keep down the number of lenses, screens and pictures, and we prefer to employ two lenses rather than three whenever it is possible to attain sufficiently good color effects with two lenses.

The effectiveness of the foregoing method of producing projected'pictures in natural colors depends in large measure upon the accuracy with which the images simultaneously projected through the different lenses of the projecting apparatus are superposed ontlie screen, and one object of the present invention is to provide an improved method of and means for insuring the correct superposition of the images on the screen. j

Another object of the invention is `to pro- Pprojecting black and white pictures.

An important object of our invention is to provide an improved color effect in pictures taken and projected through a plurality of lenses and color filter screens, by

kso coloring the positive plate or film from which the pictures are projected, that the coloring of the film or plate will supplement the color effect of the color filter screens and make possible color effects not otherwise attainable. This feature of our invention is of special importance in connection with apparatus in which only two pictures of each object or scene are taken. The various features of novelty which characterize our invention are pointed out with particularity in the claims annexed to and forming a part of this specification. For a better understanding of the invention, however, the advantages possessed by it, and special objects attained with its use, reference should be had to the accompanying drawings and descriptive matter in which we have illustrated and described preferred forms of method and apparatus for carrying out our invention.

Of the drawings;

Fig. 1 is a front elevation of a camera for photographing scenes for lantern slides, the view being partly in section on the line 1 1 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 2 is a view partly broken away and partly in section on the line 2-2 of Fig. l.

Fig. 3 is a front elevation of the camera shown in Figs. l and 2.

Fig. 4 is a view of a lantern slide made by the use of the camera of Figs..1, 2 and 3.

Fig. 5 is a vertical sectional view of apparatus for taking motion pictures.

Fig. 6 is a vertical sectional elevation of apparatus for projecting motion pictures.

Fig. 7 is a view of a portion of a film which may be employed with the apparatus of Figs. 5 and 6 lillustratin one arrangement of pictures which may e employed.

Fig. 8 is a view taken similarly to Fig, 7 illustrating another arrangement of pictures which may be employed. i'

Fig. 9 is an elevation illustrating the shutter employed in Fig. 5. I

Fig. 10 is a view taken sinnlarly to Fig. 9 illustrating the shutter employed in'Fig.'6.

Fig. 11 is a sectional elevation of a special Jform of projecting apparatus.

Fig. 12 is a view taken at right angles'to Fig. 11 illustrating the relative arrangement of pictures, lenses and prisms employed in Fig. 11. l

Fig.-13 is a partial section 13-13 of Fig. 11. c

Fig. 14 is a diagrammatic view showing the path of the rays kin superposing the different images of an object or scene on the screen and the effect of a relative adjust* ment of the lenses.

Fig. 15 is a front view of a screen with improperly superposed images thereon.

Fig. 16 is a `front elevatlon of a camera for photographing pictures for lantern slides three pictures at a time, the view being taken partly in section on the line 1-1 of Fig. 17.

Fig. 17 is a vertical section taken on the line 16-16 of Fig. 17.

Fig. 18 is a View of a lantern slide made with the apparatus of Figs. 16 and 17; and

Fig. 19 is a view of a portion of a film strip with a picture arrangement thereon which may be employed with apparatus having three lenses arranged as in Figs. 16 and 17. f

In the drawings, and referring first to the construction shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3, A represents a camera for taking lantern slide pictures. As shown the camera housing comprises a box open at its rear end to telescopically receive a box-like inner casing B formed with a slideway or vcompartment B vat its rear end for a plate holder C. At its front end, the outer easing is provided with a projecting neck A of dimensions somewhat less than the body of the casing, and with its upper wall slotted as indicated in Fig. 2 to receive a shutter holding plate D detachably mounted in the on the line neck A. In the apparatus shown in Figs.

1 to 3 there are two lens tubes F and FA, and the shutter plate D carries two separate shutters D arranged one in front of each of the lens tubes F and FA and adapted to be operatedin synchronism by a common o erating lever D2 through connections indicated generally at D3. Preferably also the neck A is provided with a guideway for a yellow light'diluting screen W.

The two lens tubes F and FA are mounted in a lens holder G which is journaled on a tubular boss H carried by a partition plate H mounted in the outer casing of the camera box and formed with openings H2 through which the lens tubes F and FA pass, the openmgs H and H2 beinglarge enough to permit of the lens adjustments hereinafter described. As shown each of the lens tubes F and FA is provided with diametrically opposed projections F and F2 at its outer and inner sides, respectively` which are received in guideways formed for the purpose on the lens tube carrier G. These projections and their guideways permit of the adjustmentot each lens tube radially toward and from the optical axis of the lens system as a whole, this axis being located in the same plane as, and between the axes of the two lens tubes. Springs F3 bearing against the outer ends of the projections F of the two lens tubes tend to move the lens tubes toward one another. The inner projections F2 of the lens tubes bear against a cam I by which the lens tubes may be simultaneously adjusted toward and: away from -one another. As shown the cam I is threaded on a stud I secured to the wall B3 of the inner casing B and serving to divide the'interior into two compartments one back of each lens. The cam I may be manually adjusted axially of the screw I', by means of a gear segment I2 carried by the cam I, and in mesh with'a gear segment I3 pivoted at I, and angularly adjusted by means of a lever I, projecting through a slot in one of the side walls of the camera box. The lens tubes F and FA may be adjusted angularly about the common optical axis of the apparatus by rotating the member G on its supporting boss H. As a convenient means for effecting this adjustment, we provide gear vteeth G2 on the member G in mesh with a gear G3 carried by a stud projecting through the wall of the camera box and provided `externally of the latter with a knob G4. In'

each of the lens tubes is mounted a corresponding color ilter screen F5, one being ordinarily orange-red and the other bluegreen.

The camera is focused by moving the inner casing section B telescopically with respect to the outer section of the camera casing to thereby move the plate holder C and the plate carried by it closer to, or farther away from the lenses in the tubes F and FA. The means shown for eiecting this focusing adjustment of the two sections of the camera casing colnprise a pair'of screws J which arc journaled in the partition plate H and arc received in threaded openings formed in flange portions B5` of the inner casing section B. At its outer end each screw J carries a gear segment J engaged by a gear segment J2 also journaled on the partition plate H and connected by suitable leakage to a lever J 2 -b means of which the two screws J may be simultaneously rotated.

The casing B is provided in front of the plate holder compartment B with a detachable mask K which tits in the seat B2 provided for, or forming the aperture margin of the usual mask employed in such machines. The mask K differs from the ordinary mask employed, however, in 'having two apertures K the linear dimensions ot which are approximately half those of the corresponding dimensions of the single aperture provided in the ordinary mask. Preferably the lens tubes F and FA are arranged diagonally with respect to the camera box, so that the pictures L and L formed through the lenses in the two tubes F and FA. are arranged on the plate LA as shown 1 n Fig. 4, as this permits the centers of the pictures and consequently the axes of the lenses to be farther apart than would be the ease it the pictures were placed side hy side. The loc-ation of the two mask apertures K corresponds, of course, to the location of the two pictures L and L.

Preparatory to taking pictures with the apparatus shown in Figs. 1 to 3, the camera is focused, and the lens tubes are also adjusted to bring the two images formed bythe two lenses into the proper relative positions upon the plate or film.v iVith the described construction, the lenses are automatically forced apart or permitted to approach one another as the plate holder is moved toward or away from the lenses in the focusing operation, by the cam I which moves with the inner section B, of the camera box. By suitably shaping the cam I, the proper adjustment of the lenses to compensate for the changes. in the relative positions of the plate holder and lenses in focusing may be secured. Further adjustment of the lenses toward and away from another may be obtained, however, in any focus setting ofthe camera by manipulating the lever I4. As shown the gear segment I2 is formed with elongated teeth, so ythat these teeth remain in mesh with the teeth of the gear segment Is when the cam I is adjusted axially with respect to the outer section of the camera box. With the camera focused and the lenses adjusted the pictures are taken by manipulation ot the shutters D in 'the usual manner.

After the development of the two pictures thus taken on a negative plate, and the production of a positive plate from the original or negative plate. the pictures may be projected by the same apparatus in which they were taken by removing the slide B4r normally closing the opening in the back wall of the casing B and replacing the plate holder C by an ordinary lantern slide carrier for the positive plate. and providing a suitable source of illumination back of the slide. In addition 'the shutter plate D with the shutters D are then preferably replaced by a shutter plate carrying a dowser or shutter of the type commonly employed in connection with lantern slide projectors. 'lhe compensating yellow screen W will be omitted in projecting work. In projecting the picture upon a screen the projecting apparatus should he focused with respect to the distance between the camera and thel screen. In general the two lens tubes F and FA should be moved toward and away from one another in focusing the apparatus when used for projecting pictures as in taking pictures. Further adjustment to superimpose thepictures may he. accomplished by adjusting the cani I, and hy manipulating the knoh G3 to adjust the. lens tuhe carrier` (i angularly about its pivotal support.

The optical ettect ot the adjust-ment of the. lenses toward and away i'roinone another is shown diagraminatically in Fig. 14. In thisl figure the two lenses are indicated at f and f/L, and the corresponding views on the slide are indicated by the lines I and l' respectively` while In, and 7a represent the same point or small object in the two pictures. The dash and dot lines indicate the paths of the rays from the margins of the pictures and also from the points Za and Za through the corresponding lenses. The full lines m and m indicate the positions on the screen of the images projected through the two lenses with the pictures mismatched so that the images Zag and Za" of the points Z/L and 7a respectively are spaced apart on the screen as shown. It now the lenses f and fa are adjusted towards each other to the positions indicated in dotted lines, the images will be. brought together as indicated by the dotted lines running from the picture points` Za and Za to the common screen point P.

With the diagonal arrangementof the two lenses in the apparatus shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3, the effect of the adjustment of the lenses toward and away from one another in superimposing images is to move one image m diagonally with respect to the other image m along a line parallel to the diagonals land 2 of the images. Ordinarily these lines will coincide and the to and fro lens adjustment is all that is required. Sometimes` however, as because et unequal stretching or contraction of a film or badly spaced printing, an adjustment at right angles to that obtained by moving the lenses toward and away from one another is required. This adjustment is obtained with the apparatus shown in Figs. l, 2 and 3 hy rotating the lens tube carrier G about its support H. The effect of this rotation ot the lens tube carrier is to adjust the images on the screen as shown in Fig. 14 in a direction at right angles to the lines l and 2. It will be apparent that the two adjust-ments provide the necessary components for a universal adjustment, whereby any point in one image ma be caused to coincide with the correspon ing point in the other image. A characteristic feature of the method of adjusting the lenses employed is that the axes of the lenses are maintained in parallelism through the adjusting1 operation.

Those skilled in t e art will understand that by proceeding in the manner described it is possible to produce pictures in which certain colors are very satisfactorily reproduced, but We have discovered that in some cases it is possible by coloring the positive to obtain substantially better color effects with pictures produced and projected in the general manner described. In taking pictures, colored as hereinafter explained, with the apparatus of Figs. 1, 2 and 3 the orange-red filter screen should be slightly more orange, and the blue-green filter screen slightly more blueish than when the pictures are not to be colored. The positive from which the pictures are to be projected is treated to tone the picture made through the orange red filter a. deep red, and to tone the other picture deep green. In thus toning a picture the color isnot spread evenly over the entire picture but should be absorbed according to the density of the silver deposit constituting therecorded image, so that the extreme high lights are clear and colorless, while the deepest shadows and blacks ofthe black and white picture are colored with the maximum intensity of the color used. This can readily Vbe done, as those skilled inthe art will understand, either b chemical change of the silver salts, or by yeingthe positive with an acid mordant. In projecting pictures colored in the manner described, the red toned picture is projected through a yellow screen and the green tone picture through a light blue screen. Some colors and tints are reproduced much more faithfully by thisqprocess than when the positive isuntoned, since those colors occuring at high values such as yellow leave clear film, and there will not be enough red dye to drown out the yellow tints which will accordingly be transmitted strong yellow. The process just described is really a four color process and with it various colors and tints are reproduced which cannot be reproduced by two sets of lenses and color filter screens alone. In the four color process advantage is taken of the yfact that colors at their greatest intensity may have different values. The four color process is both additive and subtractive, the former on the screen, the latter in the projector. A two color negative taken with such apparatus as is shown in Fi 1, 2 and 3, may either be printed in a. b ack and white positive and projected in two colors, or the positive may be treated as above and projected in four colors. y

The characteristic features of the apparat-us shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3 are well adapted for use in motion picture machines. For this purpose it is necessary only to replace the shutter mechanism of the a paratus shown in Figs.' 1, 2 and 3, with suitaiile shutter mechanisms functioning as do the shutter mechanisms of ordinary motion picture cameras and projecting machines, and to provide the proper film feeding apparatus. A. simple modificationv of the apparatus of Figs. 1, 2 and 3 for use in connection with motion picture machines of standard design is illustrated in Figs. 5 and 6, Fig. l5 showing a motion picture camera, and Fig. 6 a motion picture projector. The motion picture camera shown in Fig. 5 comprises a film feeding mechanism O of conventional type with sprocket feed wheels O', O2 and O3, and with the usual guide O4 at the back of the portion of the film immediately back of the usual mask opening A9 in the lens housing or box AA. The latter is provided, as shown, with the usual threaded lens tube aperture A1. To adapt this camera mechanism to the present inventionwe provide a sleeve P which is threaded in the openin A10 and telescopically mountedin the s eeve P is a second sleeve Q. The latter is formed with a partition HA having apertures for the two lens tubes F and FA and on which the lens carrier G is supported as the lens carrier G is supported on the partition H of the construction Vshown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3. The

sector I3 for manually adjusting the cam I,

and thegear G3 for angularly adjusting the lens carrier G vare mounted inthe end of the sleeve Q which projects beyond the outer end of the sleeve P. In Fig. 5 the camera is focused b moving the lenses bodily toward and away rom the iilm. The means shown for this purpose comprises a gear JA journaled in the sleeve P and having its teeth in mesh with a longitudinal row of gear teeth formed on the barrel Q. A mask KA similarto the mask K first described is employegl` as the mask of the machine. The screw by means of whichrthe cam I.is automatically' adjusted in the focusing operation is secured to a partition BAscorresponding to the partition B3 first described. The shutter mechanism shown is a disc DA journaled on the outer end of the sleeve Q and shaped (see Fig. 9) so that when the disc is rotated 1t permits light to pass, and cuts off the passage of light through each of the two lens tubes F and FA at the same instant. The usual means (not shown) are provided for rotating the disc DA in synchronism with the feed of the film.

The motion picture projector shown in Fig. 6 comprises a film feeding mechanism It which may be and is shown as being identical with the film feeding mechanism O of 5 except that the mechanism is open to permit the passage of light through the film into the box AA from the usual lamp housing S. The lens system in Fig. 6 is shown as of the same construction as in Fig. 5. The shutter DB employed in Fig. 6 is advantageously shaped as shown in Fig. 10. In the motion picture apparatus shown in Figs. and 6 the same lens adjustments are made as in the apparatus shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3, and the two sets of pictures on each film may advantageously be toned in two colors as described above.

With the described oblique arrangement of the two lens tubes, the two pictures of each of the simultaneously taken airs of pictures S, T; S', T; S, T2; S, s; etc., will be'displaced lengthwise of the film as shown alike in Figs. 7 and 8. With a proper feed of the film the continuously taken series of pictures may be arranged, as shown, in Fig. 8 so as to entirely cover the film. Inasmuch, however, as the linear dimensions of each picture are only half the corresponding dimensions of a picture taken in the ordinary single lens moving picture machine, the picture arrangement shown in Fig. 8 requires a film feed one half as rapid as in the ordinary machine. Ifthe -pictures are taken, as they lmay be, with the same rate of lm speed as is employed in the ordinar machine the ictures S, S', S', Ss taken wit one lens will spaced apart, as shown, in Fig. 7, as will also the pictures T, T, T', T, etc., and onl half the surface of the film will be covere by pictures. It is possible, however, to entirely cover the film whileem loyin'g the ordinary rate offilm feed by rst running' the film through the picture taking or projecting machine 1n one direction and then'running it through the machine backwards, that is without rewinding after displacing the film relative to the feeding mechanism b an amount equal to the length of an individual picture. Proceeding in this manner a second series of pictures U, V', U', V, etc., will be for-ined in the second or reverse passage through the icture taking machine, on the spaces of the m not ex osed in the first assage of the film thrug the-machine. he two series of pictures will be brought into position back of the projector lenses in the proper order by the two movements of the film through the projector. We' are thus enabled to use all the film surface in taking pictures of half the linear dimensions of those on the ordinary film without changing the rate of film speed.

In order to permit the lenses to be spread further apart and thereby make possible the use ofv larger lenses in projecting pictures either in lantern slide machines or in motion picture machines we may associate with the lenses, reflecting prisms of the Fresnel type, as shown in Figs. 11 and 12. The moving picture projector shown in Figs. 11,'12

and 13 is generally like that shown in Fig. 6, but the lens tube QA corresponding to the tuberQ ofthe construction first described is inwardly extended and formed with a closed end Qs with apertures Q9 correspondin in position to the mask apertures. Mounte on the inner side of the end wall Q8 are a pair of refiecting risms R and RA. These prisms are pre erably oppositely inclined to one another, so that the corner edges of each cross -or extend transversely in the corresponding edges of the other as clearly a pears from Figs. 11 and 12. By crossing t e prisms in this manner, rather than in having them diverge from one another it is possible to get all desirable displacement between the axes of the two lenses while still keeping the apparatus compact.- Owing to the crossing of the prisms the Obliquity, so to speak, of the lens tubes F10 and FA1 in the projecting apparatus, is reversed Vwith respect to the Obliquity of the lens tubes in the camera. The lens adjustments with the apparatus in Figs: 11, 12 and 13 may be obtained in exactly the same manner as in the apparatus of Fig. 5. As shown, however, the Alens tubes F1 and FA1 are mounted in a partition plate HB fixed in and extending across the tube Q, as the lens tubes F and FA are mounted in the lens tube carrier G of the constructions previously described. To angularly adjust the lenses and prisms in this construction I provide means for rotating the sleeve Q in the sleeve P. For this purpose I form the sleeve QA with a longitudinal slot Q1o in which projects-a finger GA which is threaded on a screw Gr6 rotatably mounted in ears P10 provided for the` purpose on the outer end of the sleeve PA. The finger GA projects into the slot Q10 through a'slot P11 formed in the sleeve P.

The simultaneous and automatic adjustlantern slide camera having three lenses FB,

FC, and FD so arranged as to form lantern slide pictures on a plate, as shown in Fig. 18, or pictures on a moving picture film. as shown in Fig. 19. The camera mechanism shown in Figs. 16 and 17 is essentially similar to that shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3 and corresponding parts are designated by similar reference symbols. No provisions are made, however, in the particular form of apparatus shown in Figs. 16 and 17 for adjusting the lenses except toward and away from the common optical axis of the lens system as a whole.

We have described the lenses in the stereopticon camera and projector as arran ed dia onallv so that the pictures will be o set 1n goth directions on the slide. It, will be understood, however, that this arrangement can be successfully employed only when the pictures are below a certain size. That is to say, it is necessary, in order for the projected pictures to be superimposed to have definition, for the two pictures to be substantially identical, and if the lenses through which the pictures are taken are separated to too great an extent the pictures cannot be superim osed throughout their entire extent with su cient accuracy to produce acceptable effects. Larger size pictures can obvlously be taken with the same degree ofl lens separation when the lenses are arranged to produce the pictures side by side on the slide, and it is to be understood that our invention is not limited to the diagonal arrangement of the lenses.

In the drawings, we have illustrated the cameras as well as the vprojectors as provided with a rotary adjustment for the lens carrier. The invention has been illustrated in this manner because the.caniera may, with the changes indicated, be used as a projector. In using the apparatus as a camera, however, it will be understood that the lenses are notadjusted in a rotary plane, but are always positioned at the same angle with relation to the edge of the plate or film so that the pictures will be standard and equally adaptable for any projector. The rotary adjustment is of particular advantage in motion picture apparatus because the celluloid of the film shrinks with age and the pictures on different films will be differently spaced, however accurately the original printing operation is performed.

While, in accordance with the provisions of the statutes, we have illustrated and described the best forms of apparatus and modes of practice of our invention now known to us, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that lchanges may be made in the form of the apparatus and methods described without departing from the spirit of our invention as set forth in the appended claims and that certain features of our invention may sometimes be used to advantage without a corresponding use of other features.

Having now described our invention, what we claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

1. In the apparatus of the class described, the combination with means for supporting a film or plate, of a lens support angularly adjustable about an axis substantially normal to said film or plate and a pair of lenses mounted on said support with their axes substantially parallel to and at opposite sides of the first mentioned axis and a wedge meinber associated with said lenses and adapted to 'effect adjustment of the lenses toward and away from one another. Y Y

2. In an apparatus of the class described,

the combination with means for supporting a film or plate, of a plurality of lenses having their axes substantially parallel to each other and normal to said film or plate, means for adjusting said lenses simultaneously toward and away from said plate and means for automatically adjusting the lenses simultaneously and equally toward or away from the axis of the entire optical system said last mentioned means comprising a tapered member associated with the respective lenses to move them away from or toward each other respectively accordingly as they are adjusted towardand away from said film or plate.

3. In projecting apparatus of the character described the combination with the film or plate support of a pair of Fresnel prisms arranged to cross one another, a pair of c0- operating lenses and a pair of apertures cooperating with said crossed prisms.

4. The improvement in the method of producing a natural colored projected image of an object or scene by simultaneously forming a plurality of pictures of the object or scene on a negative through a corresponding plurality of lenses and color filter screens, forming a positive from the negative thus produced and projecting the ypositive pictures through a corresponding plurality of lenses and color filter screens into superposed relation upon a screen, whichv consists in adjusting the lenses simultaneously and equally toward and away'from the common optical axis of the system in correspondence with the focusing movement of the lenses relative to the negativein both the picture taking and the picture projecting operation.

5. The improved method of producing projected pictures in natural colors which consists in simultaneously taking a plurality of pictures of the object or scene through a corresponding plurality of lenses forming a .positive from the negative thus produced,

coloring the different simultaneously taken pictures on the positive in dierent colors and projecting the different simultaneously taken pictures each through a separate lens and color filter screen.

6. The improved method of producing a projected picture of an object or scene in natural colors, whichl consists in forming on a negative a plurality of pictures taken simultaneously through a corresponding plurality of lenses and color filter screens forming a positive from the negative, toning the different simultaneously taken pictures on the positive in different colors dependent in cach case upon the color of the filter screen through which the picture was taken, and projecting the simultaneously taken pictures from said positive into superposition on a screen through lenses and color screens.

'7. The improvement in the method of taking or projecting motion pictures by simultaneously taking or projecting a group of two pictures of each object or scene through a corresponding pair of lenses with the pictures taken and projected through the different lenses arranged in diagonal relation on the film, so that each individual picture occurs in one quarter of the space normally occupied by full picture, the other two quarters of the space being blank whereby the film during exposure and the film during projection is driven at the same speed as that 10 normally employed in motion picture Work.

In testimony whereof We have hereunto affixed our signatures.

LEOPOLD D. MANNES. LEOPOLD GODOVVSKY1 JR.

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