US1617683A

US1617683A - Automatic gun

Info

Publication number: US1617683A
Application number: US723203A
Authority: US
Inventors: Calvin E Grill
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1924-06-30
Filing date: 1924-06-30
Publication date: 1927-02-15
Anticipated expiration: 1944-02-15

Description

c. E. GRILL AUTOMATIC GUN Feb. 15 1927.

INVENTOR CALVIN E GE 3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

Filed Jue 1924 C. E. GRILL AUTOMATIC GUN Feb. 15, 1927.

c. E. GRILL Feb.

AUTOMATIC GUN 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTOR Filed June 1924 .k', on the line :8 8

Patented Feb. 15, 1927.

CALVIN E. GRILL, OF SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA.

AUTOMATIC GUN.

Application filed June 30,

This invention relates particularly to an improved automatic gun.

'An object of the invention is to provide a gun having a mechanism therein which will automatically. extract a discharged cartridge from the gun barrel, cock the cartridge firing pin, and insert a loaded cartridge into the gun barrel, in one complete cycle of operation.

A further object of the invention is to provide an automatic action for guns wherein the cartridge supply mechanism to the gun barrel is mechanically controlled and open ated in unison with .the breech block.

Other objects of the invention relate to an improved breech block and shell extractor, and to the mechanism for operating the same, and also to a gun action that is superior in point of simplicity, inexpensiveness of cons ruction, positiveness of operation, and facility and convenience in use and general efiiciency.

In this specification and the annexed drawings, the invention is illustrated in the form considered to be the best, but it is to be understood that the invention is not lim ited to such form, because it may be embodied in other forms, and it is also to be understood that in and by the claims tollowing the description, it is desired to cover the invention in whatsoever form it may be embodied. v

in the accompanying three sheets of drawings.

F 1 represents a side elevation of a gun ron'structed in accordance with my invention.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged side elevation, partly broken away, of Fig. 1 showing the cartridge supply conduit. 7 I

F 8 is a vertical section through thegun showing the breech block and its component parts in the cocking position.

Fig. 1 is a fragmentary side elevation of Fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is a plan view of Fig. 4 partly broken away.

Fig. 6 is a plan section taken through Fig. 3 on the line 66. i

Fig. 7 a side elevation of the latch mechanism holding the barrel and butt'stock together. Y e V 8 isaplan section taken through Fig.

1924. Serial No. 723,203.

Fig. 9 is a cross-section taken through Fig. 3, on the line 99.

Fig. 10 is a cross-section taken through Fig. 3, on the line 1010.

Fig. 11 is a vertical section through the breech block on the line 12-12 of Fig. 5.

F g. 12 is an end view of Fig. 11. i Fig. 13 is a perspective View, of a portion of the breech block showing theshell ex-.

tractor removed.

Fig. 14 is a perspective view of the shell extractor. t

Fig 15 is a perspective View 50f the shell ejector.

Fig. 16 is a plan view of the intake in'the cartridge receiver. 7

Fig. 17 is a fragmentary detail viewof the supply conduit within the butt stocktogether with the spring and follower.

In detail the construction illustrated in the drawings comprises a gun'barrel 1 of any desirable length and calibre, on an end of which a receiver or housing 2 is fixedly mounted. The receiver 2 is provided with a cartridge intake 3 on one side thereof and a shell 'discha-rgeport don the opposite side.

A cartridge firing mechanism consistingot P the breech block a is reciprocatinglyarranged in the said re ceiver in axial alignment with the barrel 1. The barrel 1 and receiver-2 are iormedfor the purpose hereinafterset'forth, substanso and its component parts I tially an integral unit. Therear part of the receiver 2 is provided with a wall'6 thereon which is adapted to engage a pin 7 fixed on' the rear end-of the butt stock 8, and a notched pin 9 is mounted on'the forepart or the barrel 1 which is adapted to engage a latch 10 on the butt stock 8. The latch l0;is

automatically held in engagement 7 w th the pin 9 by means of an expansion spring 11,-- a control rod 12 being secured to the latch 10 so that the said latch may be manually disengaged from the pin9. Although I have shown and described one particular form of mechanism by which the gun barrel and butt stock may be held in detachable engagement, it is to be understood form of attaching. mechanism might be: substitutedin lieu thereof. A cartridge magazine or supplycondu t 13, consisting ofa hollowed metal tube, is

stock. 8 and-ex:

that any equivalent mounted within the butt tends from a point adjacent the shoulder rest- 14 up to a point in registering communication with the cartridge intake 3 in the receiver 2. The cart-rid es are supplied to the cartridge conduit, bullet end foremost, and are moved toward the discharge end of said conduit by me ns of an expansion spring 15 coniinedwithin a tollow'er tube 16. The follower 16 is adapted to be passed into the magazine 13 to force the cartridges out of the opposite end of the said magazine; The bottom end of the spring 15 rests against a plug stop 17. The stop 17 has a cam face on oneend thereof, and said (am face abnts against the end edge of a notched latch 18 pivoted at 19 in the end of the follower tube 16. Tllt 'notched'edge of the latch 18 is inovedby the expansion spring 15 and cam action between the stop -7 and latch 18, into engagement with the butt stock to hold the spi-ing'15'in the cartridge magazine in position to eject cartridges therefrom.

'A breech block 5' is reciprocatingly ar-' ranged in the receiver 2 and said breech bloc-leis adapted to more axially with respect to the barrel here. The breech block is substantially cylindrical in crosssection, the larger end thereof forn'iing a bearing sin" "e to slide within the'receiver, while the reduced end 20 of the said breech block extends within the receiverto a point adjacent'the inner end of thebarrel 1. One end of the expansion spring 51 is confined ina hollow end 52 of the breech block 5, the opposite end of said spring is arranged around a pin 53, secured in the wall 6,

mounted on the end of the receiver 2. 'The spring 51 serves to check the recoil or" the breech block 5, resulting after the discharge o'i' a cartridge, and to return said breech block to position for further firing operations. The interior of the breech block 5 lS lIOllOYIBCl out to receive the body 22 ot a firing pin. The firing pin 23 is an .in tegral portion of thebody 22 and extends outwardly in a mil-led slot 2% provided in the eXter-ior of the reduced end 2O oifthe :bree'c h'blo'ck 5. The interior the body :22 is" slotted. at 25 to'receive' the head end 26 of a connector 28 pivoted on a pin 27 held in t hebree'ch block 5. By swinging the connector member 28 on its'pivot the end :26 thereofwi'll engage an end of the firing pin body 22 and move the same rearwardly within't hebreech block'against the tensionot' an expansion spring 29. The opposite end.

of tli' spring 29 abuts againstlastop member held in the end of the breech block 5"hy' a pin'al which has an end SQ project ing'bel'ow'the breech block 5, for the p11:-

posetdbe hereinafter described. Swinging movement is imparted to the cennectcr member 28 either, automatically, on the recoil of the breee'h b10015 5 when the tree end 33 oflthe connector'will' slide overiaxam of asear 3Z shaied as a bell crank.

notched end 36 or the sear said sear away from. the tiring pin body 31 and the connector'33 would ride over the surface of the cam. 34.

Irrespective of whether the breech block is moved back automatically by the recoil, or moved manually, the firing pin is cocked by swinging movement of the connector 28 engagingihe cam 32L The body 22 of the firing pin is moved to the tiring or cocked position by the end 26 of the connector 28 where it engaged by the notched arm 36 V The sear 3'7 is pivoted at its elbow on a .pin 38 held in the breech block 5. A flat spring 39 is mounted on the exterior oi the breech block 5 to engage the sear 37 to force the notched end into engagement with the tiring pin body 22 to hold the same in the cocked posit-ion. I do not depend upon the spring 39 to force the notched end of the sear 87 into engagement with the firing pin body, but have arranged the opposite arm l0 of the sear to contact with a cam face &1 on the connector 28 so thatthe said connector will engage the arm 40 ot' the sear .to posi tively move the opposite notched end of the said'sear into the desired engagement with the firing pin body'22. In order to release the firing pin from engagement with the sear I have provided a .pin 42 which extends through the connector 28 and projects beyond both ends thereof. A compression spring &3 is mounted around the pin within the'connector 28. Thus by elevating the projecting lower end all of the pin 42 against the spring compression by means of thewtrigger in the manner to. be hereinafter described in detail, the upper end 01" the pin 42 would engage adjacent the ST'to elevate member to permit said firing pin to be moved for -ard by the expansion of the sprmgQE). V

A. portion of the periphery of the reduced end the breech block 20'is squared off on opposite sides to prox'ide a central shoulder The tubular body 47 of a shell extractor tn-ieclaround the shaft- 20 adjacent where i s oined to the breech block 5. y A pair ot i gers l8 and 19 are formed integrally on the extractor collar 1? and said fingers are arranged on the reduced end of the breech block so that the; linger 18 will lie in parallel registry with the squared shoulder 4-6, while the Opposite fiXi i actor linger will be positioned diametrically opposite. The extractor fingers 48 and 19fl1ave an outward :yieldable movement so that the notched ends thereoi be disengaged from a cartridge shell, by an e ector 50 which is adapted to strip the fingers l8 and 49 froi'nthe'sa-id shell. The ejector is arranged within the receiver 2, so that the spaced walls 54: and 55 thereon will lie over and around the squared ShOulder 46 and extractor finger 48 on the breech lock. The ejector 50 is positioned within the receiver 2 adjacent the discharge port 4 therein, so that the shells will be stripped from the breech block when the said breech block reaches the limit of its rearward movement. The ejector 50 operates to engage one of the extractor fingers 4.8 to, lift it away from the surface of the breech block with which it lies in contact, to release the hold which the extractor fingers may have on the end of the cartridge shell.

Agate 56 is mounted in a slotted opening 57, adjacent the intake port 3 in the receiver 2, contiguous to the discharge end of the shell magazine 13. The gate 56 is arranged so that an end 58' thereof will close'ofi" the discharge end of the shell magazine, and prevent a cartridge from being passed into the receiver, except at the proper interval. A pin 59 is provided on the gate 58 to move a cartridge from the magazine 13 over into &

the receiver 2 to align with the bore of the' barrel 1. The gate 56 is splined on a spirally grooved shaft 60 which is rotatably journaled in

bearings

61 and 62 provided in the butt stock. The spiral shaft 60 is connected by a rod 63 to a slotted plate 6st within which the end 32 of the breech rod pin 31 is confined. Movement of the breech rod'5 and pin 31 will cause a corresponding movement of the spiral shaft 60, within predetermined limits according to the length of the groove in the plate 64, and in turn the gate 58 will be moved, in andout, relative to the magazine discharge. v

The invention operatesin the following manner. In the initial operating position the breech block 5 lies against the inner end of the barrel 1, substantially as 'shown'by dotted lines inhig. 2 and Fig. 5. In order to move acartridge from the niagazine into the firing chamber the handle 35 would be pulled rearwardly, which in turn would pull the breech block rearward as shown in Fig. 3. This movement of the breech block would, through the connected members, cause a corresponding rearward movement of the spiral shaft 60 which would throw the gate 56 away from the end of the magazine discharge and permit one cartridge to be advanced'ahead of the gate onto the pin 59 mounted thereon. Simultaneously with the movement of the magazine control gate. by the breech block, the connector .28

would he pulled back'into contact with the cocking cam 3% whereby the said firingpin body would be moved backward into engagement with the latching sear 37, as. shown in Fig. 3. Upon the breech block 5 reaching the extreme limit of its rearward movement it would be' advanced forwardly relative to the receiver by the expansion of the recoil spring 51.and as "the said breech block moves forwardly, the end ofthe reduced portion of the breech blockwould come into contact'with the end of the cartridge ejected from the magazine to move the cartridge into the bore of the barrel, substantially as shown in Fig. 2. As'the end of. the breech bloclc5 moves the cartridge into the barrel bore the rim on the end'of said shell is engaged by the fingers 48 and 4L9 of the extractor member. In the position shown. in Fig. 2 the connector 28 lies in a substantially vertical position so that by pulling on the finger grip 63 on the trigger 4-5, said trigger would be'elevated into contact with the end 44 of the pin 42 confined in the connector 28. The elevating movement of the trigger forces the pin 42 upwardly to disengage the sear 37 from the firing pin body 22. The firing pin then ad vanc'es within the breech block and contaets with the endof the cartridge, to fire the said cartridge. The force of the explosion within. the cartridge causes it to move rearwardly in the barrel with force sutlicient to move the breech block rearwardly within the receiver and to cause the shell to be withdrawn from the barrel bore by the ex tractor fingers. The shell is stripped from the extractor by the ejector 50 and passed out the discharge port at in the said receiver 2. s i The rearward movement of -the breech block, after the firing of the cartridge, causes the gate over the cartridgemagazine to be opened to move a charged cartridge into the firing chamber in the receiverand simultaneously, the firing pin is cooked by the connector 28 which engages thecocking cam The recoil spring 51 then moves the breech block '5 forward so that the end thereof engagesthe rim of the new cartridge,

' and'the gate56 is moved back over the end of the magazine'discharge to prevent the supply of shells from entering the firing chamber. The action of pulling the trigger fires the cartridge, discharges the cartridgev shell-from the "firing chamber, andreloads the gun for further operation-4n unison with the firing pin being cooked for a sec 0nd firing operation. The upward pull ,on the triggerby the finger of'the operator places the trigger in an elevated position so that repeated firing of cartridges will" not. take'pla'ce except after allowing the trigger to be dropped back into its lowermostposition. In order to prevent more than .one cartridge being fired by asingle pull ofj the trigger I havefpivoted a spring'latchfi t ona pin 65 within the butt stock. A- curved ended pin 66 is slidably confine d in the latch r 64 and forced outwardly by the expansion spring 67 whlchis adapted to force the'pin responding 1y curved the said connector 28 moves into engagement with the curved face 68 of the latch 64E. The

latch 64 moves the en d of the. connector 28 down the trigger untilthe projecting pin $4, in the connector 28, engages a notch 69 Q11 the trigger, against which it is held by the spring latch (Set. As soon as the trigger is dropped by the finger of the operator, the pin on the connector disengages from the latch 59 and the trigger isin readiness to again elevate the connectorpin '14: to again cause the firing pin to be released and to cause the cartridge in the gun barrel to be discharged. After completion of a firing operation and While the trigger is still held in an elevated position, and the cocking of the firing pin completed by the connector, connector moves back against the latch 64 and the pin i l in the connector is advanced into contact with the notch 69 in the trigger against which it is held inoperative, until the trigger is dropped by'the finger-of the operator, when the connector and pin would be released and rendered operative,'for further firing, by upward movement of the trigger.

Having thnS described this H invention, What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1 7 1. In an automatic gun, the'combination of a barrel; a cartridge receiver adjacent the end of said barrel; a breech block, movable axially relative to said barrel; a firing pinv in said breech block; a sear pivoted in said breech block to engage sa d firing pin; a

cam operated connector to cook said firing pin; me s in said connector to release the scar and fir ng p111; and a trigger toactuate said means.

2. In an automatic gun, the combination of a barrel; a cartridge receiver adjacent'the end of said barrel; a breechblock, movable axially, relative to said barrel; means to manually move said breech block; a firing pin in said breech block; a sear pivoted in said breech block to engage said firing pin; a cam operated connector tocock sa d firing pin;imeans in said connector to release the scar and firing pin; and a trigger to actuate said means. I

3. In an automatic gun, the combination of a barrel a. cartridge receiver adjacent the end of said barrel; breech blocgk, movable axially relative to said barrel; a firing in said breech block; a seal pivoted in said breech block to engage s d firi Pia; e

reinsee can; operated connector to cocksaid firing P m an i an n e t r to r l se t e sear firing, pin; a latch interposed be tween the trigger and connector to render said connector "inoperative; and a trigger to actuate means. 7

4, In an automatic gun, the combination of a barrel; a cartridge receiver adjacent the end of said barrel; a breech bloclg'movable ani'ally relative to said barrel; means to n ianually move said breech block; a firing pin in said breech block; sear pivoted in said breech-block to engage said firing pin; a cam Qpfirated connector to cock said firing pin; means in said connector to release the sear and firing'pin; a latch interposed between the trigger and connector to render said connector inoperative; and a trigger to actuate said means} 5. In a firearm, the combination of a barrel a cartridge receiver having an intake and discharge ports therein adjacent one end of the barrel; a breech block; a firing pin in the breech block; a searto hold the' firing pin cocked; a connector to cook the firing pin and engage the sear therewithimeans in the connector to disengage the sear from the firing pin; and atrigger to actuate said means.

6. In a firearm, the combination of a barrel; a cartridgev receiver having an intake and discharge ports therein adjacent one end of the barrel; a breechblock; means to man- Lia-11y move said breech block; a firing pin in the breech block; sear tolhold the firing pin cocked; a connector to cock the firing and engage the sear therewith; means in. the connector to disengage the sear from the firing pin; and a trigger to actuate said means. A

7. In a firearm,- the combination of a barrel; a cartridge receiver having an intake and discharge" ports therein adjacent one end of the barrel; ia breech block; a firing pin in the breech block, a sear tohold the firing pin cocked; a connector to cook the firing pin and engage thesear therewith; means in the connector to disengage the sear from the firing pin; a spring latch interposed between trigger and connector to render said connector inoperative and to depress said trigger; and trigger to actuate said means. V

8 In a firearm, the combination of a bar rel; scam-mgr; receiver having an intake and discharge ports therein adj aoent one end of" the barrelja breech block; 'means to a eny'mav said breech block; a firing 111 iii the breech blo ck; asear to hold the firing pin c ocked; a connector to cock the firing" pin and engage the sear therewith; nieans in the connector to disengage the fl r from the firing pin; ajspring latch interposed between said trigger. and connector to said conhector"inoperative and to de;

press said trigger; and a trigger to actuate said means.

9. In an automatic gun, the combination of a barrel; a cartridge receiver adjacent the end of said barrel; a breech block, movable axially relative to said barrel; a spring to actuate the breech block a firing'pin in said breech block; a sear pivoted in said breech block to engage said firing pin; a cam operated connector to cook said firing pin; means in said connector to release the sear and firing pin; and a trigger to actuate said means.

10. In an automatic gun, the combination of a barrel; a cartridge receiver adjacent the end of said barrel; a breech block, movable axially relative to said barrel; means to manually move said breech block; a spring to actuate the breech block; a firing pin in said breech block; a sear pivoted in said breech block to engage said firing pin; a cam operated connector to cock said firing pin; means in said connector to release the sear and firing pin; and a trigger to actuate said means.

11. In an automatic gun, the combination of a barrel; a cartridge receiver adjacent the end of said barrel; a breech block, movable axially relative to said barrel; a spring to actuate the breech block; a firing pin in said breech block; a sear pivoted in said breech block to engage said firing pin; a cam operated connector to cock said firing pin; means in said connector to release the sear and firing pin; a spring latch interposed between said trigger and connector to render said connector inoperative; and a trigger to actuate said means.

12. In an automatic gun, the combination of a barrel; a cartridge receiver adjacent the end of said barrel; a breech block, movable axially relative to said barrel; means to manually move said breech block; a spring to actuate the breech block; a firing pin in said breech block; a sear pivoted in said breech block to engage said firing pin; a cam operated connector to cook said firing pin; a spring latch interposed between said trigger and connector to render said connector inoperative; and a trigger to actuate said means.

13. In a firearm the combination of a barrel; a cartridge receiver having intake and discharge ports therein adjacent an end of the barrel; a breech block movable axially in said receiver relative to said barrel; a spring to actuate the breech block; a firing pin reciprocatingly mounted in said breech block; a spring to actuate the firing pin; a

connector to cock the firing pin through rearward movement of the breech block; a sear to hold the firing pin cocked; means in the connector to disengage the sear from the firing pin; and a trigger to actuate said means.

14. In a firearm the combination of a barrel; a cartridge receiver having intake and discharge ports therein adjacent an end of the barrel; a breech block movable axially in said receiver relative to said barrel; a

spring to actuate the breech block; a firing pin reciprocatingly mounted in said breech block; a spring to actuate the firing pin; a' connector to cock the firing pin through rearward movement of the breech block; means to manually move the breech block to cock the firing pin; sear to hold the firing pin cocked;'means in the connector to disengage the sear from the firing pin; and a trigger to actuate said means.

15. In a firearm the combination ofa barrel; a cartridge receiver having intake and discharge ports therein adjacent an end of the barrel; a breech block movable axially in said receiver relative to said barrel; a spring to actuate the breech block; a firing pin reciprocatingly mounted in said breech block; a spring to actuate the firing'pin; a connector to cook the firing pin through rearward movement of the breech block; a sear to hold the firing pin cocked; means in the connector to disengage the sear from the firing pin; a. latch interposed between said trigger and connector to render said connector inoperative; and a trigger to actuate said means.

16. In an automatic gun, a barrel, a receiver; a spring actuated breech block re ciprocatable in said receiver; a spring accocked; a spring actuated rod in the cooking lever to release the sear-from the firing pin;

a trigger to actuate said rod; and means on the trigger to prevent continuous actuation of the firing pin rod when the trigger is in firing position.

17. In an automatic gun, a barrel, a receiver; a spring actuated breech block reciprocata-ble in said'receiver; a spring actuated firing pin in said breech block; a firing pin cocking lever pivoted in said breech block; a sear to hold the firing pin cocked; a spring actuated rod in the cocking lever to release the sear from the firing pin; a trigger to elevate said rod into firing position; and means on the trigger to engage the firing pin rod after completion of a firing operation to prevent said firing pin rod being again elevated until the trigger is atriggr, having a shouldered portiofi therei'd bilig 'ztgziil'l lvat e'd flfifiil the trigger is in; t0 eleyaf s'aid rod into firing position; {1 dropped from firing, position. v A} spring llatch tq engage the trigger to 'resit- I13 fes fiiifibily wheref, I have lijl-Quhfb set 10 elevating mo vement thereof, zix1c1fn 5 fore ihe my hfid it Shh Fi'zincisco;Ciilifbfififi, HMS firihg pin rod in the cocking l'v n. zigzii fi'st 12th day (if Jul'l' 1924;

this shouldered trigger after c' mp1'eti0'i1' oi v 1 1'1 fi ring operation to prevent said firihg pin CALVIN E. GRILL;