US1617455A - Process of making lubricants - Google Patents

Description

' an unstable mixture results which cannot be Patented Fa. 15, 1927.

HARLEY A. MONTGOMERY, or HIGHLAND rnnx, MICHIGAN.

rnocns s or MAKING LUBRICANTS.

No Drawing.

This invent-ion relates to.process of making compounds for lubricating the tools, dies, etc., used in the manufacture of pressed or drawn metal parts.

It has lon been the dcsideratum of lubri-.

cant manufacturers. and pressed metal workers to provide a lubricant that will tenaciously clin to the metal parts when subjected to big pressures and which Wlll not be injuriously affected by the increase in temperature of the metal parts and tools during the pressing and drawing operations. It has been found that no oils or fats of fluid consistency, or even when solid, are of themselves efficient enough as lubricants to permit their use in this class of work, and when insoluble solids are added to the oils evenly applied over the various surfaces, and which rapidly settles and streaks when in use. My invention has for its principal object to overcome these defects, and permit the use of oils and solid lubricating material in themanufacture of sheet metal parts.

I have found that by properly hydrating petroleum orfatty oils by dispersing water into the oil globules in such a manner as to greatly increase the viscosity of the O1].

' a vehicle is provided which will remain stable for long periods of time and which will suspend insoluble granular lubricating material to the point of saturation without; permitting the settling of; the sohd material. 4

Another object of my invention is the provision of a practical and eflicient lubricating compound 'for use in pressing and drawing sheet metal from three ingredients, each of which is of itself unsuitable for such use, to-wit, oils of insuflicicnt body to alone serve as a metal drawing lubricant, water and insoluble granular solid materials. i I

Other objects andadvantages will be apparent from the following description of the compound and the method of preparing same.

In putting my invention into practice, I utilize an emulsifiable oil. preferably from fatty or petroleum bases, such as commercial dcgras or emulsiliable mineral oils, and if soluble oil is used treat it with a fatty acid, as, for example, commercial oleic acid. to the extent of. approximately one-sixth volume of the emulsifiable oil. This renders any soluble oil insoluble in water but it ings of wool.

Application filed August 30, 1924. Serial No. 735,222.

increases the property of soaking up water like a sponge with either the soluble or. insoluble 'oils. The oil is then hydrated by heating water in small quantities into the globules of the oil with constant agitation of the mixture, the addition of ,the water being continued-until the oil has thickened to the desired viscosity. Preferably the resultant mixture contains substantially four times as much water as oil in volume. When the hydration is not carried too far, the mixture remains stable, and has a toughness and adhesiveness far beybnd that of either ingredient. Moreover, the more water absorbed without rendering the mixture unstable the better does the lubricant absorb heat during the drawing and pressing operation.

Then suitable solid lubricating material, such as talc, lithopone, graphite, sulphur, mica or chalk, in pulverized form, is added to the hydrated oil, small quantities of the solid material being successively introduced while the mixture is being constantly stirred and agitated. Preferably, the solid lubricating material is added to the extent of sub-. stantially one-fourth of the volume of the hydrated oil. the hydrated oil, and the solid material remains in suspension throughout the entire body of compound while the mixture remains in a fluid condition.

It has been found that this mixture of ingredientsin substantially the proportions named l'Qll'ltllllr; stable for long periods of time, and also does not evaporate or deliquesce upon exposure to the atmosphere.

In use, the lubricating compound is spread upon the metal, tools, dies,'etc., in the usual manner and clings tightly to the metal during the drawing operations, even when high pressures are reached. The great quantity of moisture in the compoundhas the faculty of absorbing the frictional heat developed in drawing the metal, whereby the lhis amount does not saturate below the danger point, permitting faster and more continuous production than by the use of any other lubricating medium known.

By the term degras is meant either the oil expressed from hides during chamoising operations, or that recovered from the scour- This material is also made synthetically by oxidizing fish oils. WVhile degras from any source can be utilized, I

prefer degras obtained from chamoising operations. The term soluble oil is utilized herein as meaning an oil that when mixed with water will enter into the water with a resultant decrease inviscosity, While the .term emulsifiable oil isutilized herein as meaning an oil that when mixed with water the Water enters "the oil with a resultant increase in viscosity.

Having described my invention, I claim- 1. The process of making lubricating compounds for drawing and pressing sheet metal which consists of treating an emulsifiable oil with a fatty acid to render it in soluble in water, then hydratin the oil by beating in successively intro uced small quantities of water While the mixture is constantly agitated until the viscosity of the oil has been greatly increased, and then suspending pulverized insoluble solid lubricating material in the hydrated oil by stirring in successively introduced small quantities of the solid material while the mixture is bein constantly agitated.

2. The process of making lubricating compounds for drawing and pressing sheet metal which consists of treating an emulsifiable oil with substantially one-sixth its volume of a fatty acid, then hydrating the oil by beating in substantially four times its vol-' ume of Water in successively introduced small quantities while the mixture is being constantly agitated, and then suspending in the hydrated oil substantially one-fourth its volume of insoluble pulverized solid lubrieating material by stirring in successively introduced small quantities of the solid material while the mixture is being constantly agitated. a

In witness whereof I hereunto set my hand. i v

HARLEY A. MONTGOMERY.