US1617388A - Shedding and shuttle-actuating mechanism for looms - Google Patents

Description

Feb. 15 19 27 J. E. GROSVENOR ET AL' SHED'DING AND SHUTTLE ACTUA' IING MECHANISM FOR LUOMS Filed Dec. 15, 1923 3 Sheets-Sheetl Feb. 15, 1927.

- 1,617,388 J. E. GROSVENOR ET AL I snsnnme AND SHUTTLE ACTUATING MECHANISM FOR Looms Filed Dec. 13, 1925 s Sheets-Sheet 2 Feb. 15, 1927.

J. E. GROSVENOR ET AL SHEDDING AND SHUTTLE ACTUATING MECHANISM FOR LOOMS Filed Dec. 15, 1923 s sheets -shet 5 I I; f5

Patented Feb. 15, i927.

t me E Es i JOHN ERNEST GROSVENOR, OF CHADDESLEY COBBETT, AND WILLIAM THOMAS V PICKING, OF KIDDERMINSTER, ENGLAND.

SHEDDING AND SHUTTLE-ACTUATING MECHANISM FOR'LOOMS.

Application filed December 13, 1923, Serial No. 680,398, and. in Great Britain December 23, 192 2.

In the production of certain kinds of woven fabrics wherein the ground or body is of considerable weight or thickness, as for example isthe case in pile, loop and other types of carpet, great strain is put upon the. warp operating mechanism through which a large amount of power has to be exerted in raising and depressing the threads of warp which form the pile and body ofthe fabric. To obviate these undesirable and comparatively expensive disadvantages, by the employment of means and following the method hereinafter explained (by following which we dispense with all the shedding movements of the warp threads: except those which form the binding chain of warp and the pile, loop or pattern part of the fabric) is the object of our present invention.

In the accompanying sheets of drawings which are illustrative of our invention Fig. 1 shows the warp threads with the central and pile warps in the positions required to carry out our invention. The two shuttles which we use are shown as passing between the upper and lower warp threads and above and below the central warp threads, each shuttle having a cross sectional contour that meets the requirements of the g path through which it has to travel.

Fig. 2 is a similar view to Fig. 1, but illustrates a shuttle above the central warp threads. which shuttle is of the same cross sectional contour as the one for passing be low said threads. e are enabled to make use of this form of shuttleby the employment of mean hereinafter explained.

Fig. 3 is a similar view to Fig. 2 showing the same form of shuttle but passing below the central threads. 1

Fig. 4 is an elevation showing a cam of the type used for operating the warp threads in manner hereinafter described.

Fig. 5 is a front elevation of sufficient of the motor parts of a loom to show the application thereto of our improved devices.

Fig. 6 is a plan of the shuttle boxes and aportion of the slayboard or lay bottom, said shuttle boxes having our improved parts added thereto as is hereinafter explained.

Fig. 7 is a sectional end elevation, taken substantially on line 'A.B of Fig. 6, cer tain parts being added thereto for operating the picker.

Fig. 8 is a sectional end elevation. substantially on the line CD of Fig. 6 and shows shuttle boxes from which the shuttles are thrown to pass through the two sheds of warp arranged according to our invention 7 i Fig. 9 is a drawing in detail of a member which we employ for raising and lowering the. picker to carry same from being in alignment with onelshuttle race or path to be in alignment with the other shuttle race.

A indicates the end frame of the loom and B the sla'yboard or lay bottom of said loom To attain the object of our invention we make use of means whereby those of the warp threads 2 which form the body of the I times as the pattern of the fabric requires and as is carried. out underthe actionsof the jacquard. While the binding warp threads '3 are alone raised above and carried belowthe central position. i

The warp threads 4 when in theirc entral positlons act in conjunction with the warp threads 2 to form the race for the upper shuttle 5. v

Infollowing the method of weaving shown in Fig. 1 the binding warp threads 3 are preferably operated by two cams or tappets 6 each of the character .shown by Fig. 4',

rotating in the direction indicated by arrow m Fig. 4 and so coupled that when the runner or tappet bowl operatingone of the said binding Warp threads is in contact with part 0 of the first cam, the runner operating the other binding warp thread is in contact with part 7 of the second cam. The arrangement is such that when the cams are so placed the one binding warp thread is "in the central position in alignment with the staffer or body warp thread and the other binding warp thread is depressed below this point opening the shed beneath the central warp threads ready for the insertion of the bottom shot of weft. The cams revolve so that the first runner comes into contact with part 0 of the cam thereby raising the correspondof weft.

ing binding warp thread from the central to the upper position while the sec-0nd runner comes into contact with part 7" of the'second cam thereby raising the corresponding bindingwarp thread from the lower to the central position thus opening the shed above the central warp threads ready for the in-v sert-ion of an upper shot of weft. The first runner is next brought into contact with part d of the cam which causes the corre sponding binding warp thread to fall from the upper to the central position while the second runner comes into contact with part 9 of the second cam which raises the corresponding binding warp thread to the up-.

per position and opens the shed again above the central warp threads ready for the insertion of the second upper shot The stuflt'er or body warp threads 2, and the pile threads l, remain throughout stationary in the central position except when the selected pile thread 4', is raised by the design producing mechanism. If desired, when the upper shots of weftare to be inserted, the binding warp thread beneath the said shot may be taken to. the lower position instead of to the central position in which case the form of cam shown by Fig.

4 is not required, two ordinary cams being used instead of the two cams 6.

The weave of the fabric as above described is only given as an example to show how to avoid operating or raising and lowering the warp threads oftener than is absolutely necessary to produce said fabric, from which example those having a knowledge of this class of weaving will understand how the same benefits in the saving of power and the consequent unnecessary wear or deterioration, may be secured in the production of other types or classes of fabric.

It willbe observedthat in order to carry out the weaving operations described it is necessary that there should be two shuttle races one of which is formed by the station-- ary warp threads 2 and these threads a par allel thereto as is hereinbefore described and through, which is of the desired shape to.

suit the angularity of the shuttles walls.

The approved method which we follow'in arranging for the actuating of the shuttles 5, 5 over these two'shuttles races consists in making use ofa two cell shuttle box 7 and 7 which we fix upon each end of the slayb'oard or lay bottom'B in the usual pothis latter will press upon the collar sition that .shuttle boxes occupy, the base of the upper cell 7 being in alignment with the shuttle race formed by the centrally situated warp threads while the base of the cell 7 is in alignment with the upper surface of the slayboard or lay bottom B or the warp threads near same or with the grid like ribs B as shown by Figs. 2 and r 3 which are made use of for the purpose hereinafter explained.

in order tobe enabled to throw or projectthe shuttles 5 and 5? when arranged as above described, we make use of a picker carrying member 8 shown in detail Fig. 9 which will raise the picker 9 (when it reaches the outermost end of the lower cell 7*) into position and to be in alignment with the upper cell 7 of the shuttle box as is shown by Figs. 5 and 'Z. Or by the lowering of said member 8 we may cause the picker 9 to descend from the position shown by Figs. 5 and 7 so that it may be brought into alignment with the lower cell 7 of the shuttle box as is shown by Fig. 8. The raising and lowering of this member 8 from its lower to its higher and from its higher to its lower positions is ef fected by cam action.

The arrangement which we have found ad vantageous consists of the cam 10 (mounted on'the same shaft as the cams 6 so that said cams work in unison) operating the lever 11 which by the rod 12, operates the lever 13 fixed to a shaft 14 upon which shaft 14 is fixed another lever 15 so that by an actuating rod. 16 this latter lever 15 may operate a I lever 17 fixed upon a shaft 18 extending from one side of the loom to the other. The shaft 18 has at each of its outer ends a lever 19 (shown by 5 and 7) 'fixed upon it, so that each of these levers 19 may be made to engage with a swivelling member 20. Through this swivelling member 20 a connecting rod 21 is made to slide when com-- pressing the springs 22 and 23 as is herein after described.

The rod 21 is pivot-ally connected to the .iember 8 so that when the cam 10 operates the levers above described the lever 19 will raise the swivellingmember 20, causing it to press upon the spring 22 so that by this lat ter pressing upon the collar 22 fixed on the rod'21, it will raise the member 8 to carry the picker 9 into alignment with the cell 7 in order that it may operate the shuttle 5.

When the lever 19 descends the member 29 is caused. to press upon the spring 23 thus 23 which is fixed upon the rod 21' by which means the rod 21 will move the member'S from its higher to its lower position where it is in alignment with the cell 7 so that the picker 9 may then operate the shuttle 5.

The springs 22 and 23 are employed inorder to prevent breakage should the picker be held against movement by being caught its ' sprin'g222 will yield to permit the 'swi' vel'lin g member." to rise. l1ei'eas' should -the 'lever"-19be descending whilefthe'rod 21 is' held against movement then th'e spring 23 between the partition (which asshown in dividesthecell 7 from tl1 C '1i l and the member 8 by f rcason offhaying pnly partlyenteied sa d'menIbcrS. I "Dtu'mgsuch eventsfsh'ouldthe lever 19 be rising'whilethe" rod QIisprevented from doing'soythen the will yield.

' In orderto' ensure perfectalignment' of themember 8 with the cells 7' and T when operated by the rod '21 "we: arrange the lever V 19 to transmit slightly[more'motion 'to the memberQOthan is required by theimember 8.thu's"when this latter reaches its highest position where it is arrested by the stop pieces'i24cthe' slightlyifurther movement of thelet er 191's permitted'by the yielding of the spring22. \V'hen the member 8 reaches itsf lowe'st position where it is arrested by the support B 1 then the yielding of the spring permitsthe lever 19to continue its downwardmovement a little further; These ieldin movementsofthes rings22 and23 effectthe adjustments of the mcn'iber 8 accuratelywithout requiring the accurateadjustment of the motions of the lever 1.)1

As is well known'th'e orderof picking the shuttles 5, 5 has to be carried out in accordance with the requirements of the weave and V to'attainthis object we makeuse of the formation of cams known I as sectional cams upon'whmh we may mount raisingportions or depressing portions in manner well known and which are" styled in the trade-YVoOd croft tappetsj or cams. X v In order to guldethe picker 9;along the .cells/T, 7 of the shuttlebox we have guiding groovcsflo-and26*(see Fig. 8) formed in a cinemberifizked to the end of the slayboard "or shuttle box support B so that the outer edge of th'e picker 9 may slide along said grooves 25 and 26while'the other part of thepic-ker may pass along the grooves 25 and -26" formedrespectively in the-cells 7 and/W thus said picker is preventedfrom-tilting and is guided in the desired manner for carrying out its respective functions of propelling the J shuttle 5' along the race formed by the cent-ral warp threads or of propelling the shuttle 5 along the race or path formed by the laybottom or slayboard B.

The arrangement of the picking mechanism which we employ is preferably of the under pick type as is shown by the drawings and when making use of this under pick type in conjunction with a slayb'oard which is mounted upon double layswords so that the cells 7, 7 of the shuttle box are always kept. in a vertical position notwithstanding their backward and forward. movement, we then arrange the picking stick 27 to have its upper end 27 pivoted upon it at 2') as shown *b -rigsis; and s. This wefin'd advise geousinorder tokeep the upper endZT O'f Y said picking stick 27in alignment with a vertical plane paralleltoithe plane in which" v ing the'difference of theoscill'ationsof the 5 *lower ends: of the picking sticks about one 1 theipells 7i and 7 aresituated notwithstand centreof oscillati on of the *layswords and the oscillations of the? two cells'7' nd 7a hi h- (by the employment of two :pairs of swords) are kept in a vertical position.

The picking-mechanisn1'we employ is 0p- V erated by thepicking strap 28 and may be" of any" well known description provided means are afforded by such picklng' mecha 'nism'for controlling the intermittent actionsof the picking sticks 2'7 according to there quirementsof the fabric that'is being woven.

o have hereinbefore describeda method" of making use of'two cells 7,"7 ffor :thetwo different' shuttles 5 and 5*? with'the member.

8 whiclris'arranged to slide and' be guided" at -theyouter end of said cells'l', 7 in order to raise the picker 9 from one plane to another 7 or to'depress same from thejupperipl'ane'to" the lower as is described'. In this arrange=' ment we make use of two "different shuttles one '5 having the'contour of its outer surfaces at the desired angles t'omeet-the' requirements: of the upper-shuttlerace whilst the other 5 1 has itssaid surface atianother angle to suit' the requirementsof the shuttle race formed by" the slayboard orlaybot-tom B as shown by Fig. 1. ,However, we may 1nake use of one shuttle and arrange-the shuttle-box which r receives same to rise and fall or be operated by any appropriate shuttle box operating mechanism mounted in position to move such the end B ofthe slayboard in manner 11 shuttlebOX which is mounted to slide over known, instead of having the fixed cells 7,7?

mounted thereon thusfin this latter case the shuttle boX' will be movablein a vertical dil rection to raise the shuttle from a lower position opp'ositethe shuttler'a'ce on the lay B to 'the hi'gher position opposite the shuttle.

race over the central warpthreadsTatthe same time also carrying with it the picker 9 which hastooperate the shuttle.

v To enable us thus to use one shuttle alone we arrange the lay B to have grid like ribsmeans for guiding the body Warp threads 1 in a predetermined central substantially horlzontal path and maintalnmg such threads without shedding movements, means for guiding binding Warp threads in 00- threads without shedding operative relation ,to the body threads,

means for raising and depressing said bindng warp threads to form a shed with the body. threads, a shuttle arranged to travel from side to side through the shed over the body warp threads, another shuttle ar: ranged to travel irom side to side through the shed under the body warp=tl1reads, a stationary shuttle box, two cells on each side of theloom to receive said shuttles, a

picker arranged to actuate said shuttles, and

means for raising and lowering said picker so that at one time it will be-in position to throw the shuttle from the upper cell Of the shuttle box, and at another time will be serve as a shuttle race, means for raising and depressing binding warp threads to form sheds, respectively, above and below said body threads, a shuttle adapted to travel fronr-side' to side through the shed above the body warp threads, another shuttle arranged to travel from side to side through the shed under the body warp threads, a reiatively stationary shuttle box having twosuperposed cells at opposite sides of the looms to receive said shuttles, a swinging picking stick, a picker mounted on the upper portion of said stick and adapted to actuate said shuttles, and means for positively raising and lowering the picker on the picker stick so that at one time the picker will be in position to throw the shuttle from the upper stationary cell of the shuttle box, and another time will be in position to throw the shuttle from the lower cell of the shuttle boX.

3. A loom comprising, in combination,

means for guiding the body warp threads in a predetermined central substantially horizontal .path, and maintaining such threads without, shedding movement to serve as a shuttle race, means for-raising and depressing binding warp threads to form V movement to H sheds, respectively, aboveand below said body threads, a. shuttleadaptedto travel from side tov sidc through the shed above the shed under the body warp threads, a, relatively st-atlonary shuttle'box having two the body warp threads, another shuttle ar ranged to traveltrom side to side through.

superposed cells at opposite sides of they loom to receive said shuttles, a swinging picker stick, a picker mounted on the upper portion oi said stick and adapted to actuate said shuttles, and means for positively ralsmg and lowering the picker on the poker ,stickincluding cushioning means for limit ing the movement of the picker in either direction, so that at one time thei picker Wlll be in position to throw the shuttle from the upper stationary cell of the shuttle box, and another time will be in position to throw the shuttle from the lower cell of the shuttle box. e'

i. A loom comprising, in combination, means :tor guiding the body warp threads in a predetermined central substantially hori' zontal path, and maintaining such threads without shedding movement, means for raising and depressing binding warp threads to tormsheds, respectively-above and below said body threads, a shuttle adapted to travel from side to side through the shed above the body warp threads, another shuttle arranged to travel from side to side through the shed {under the body warp threads, a relatively stationary shuttle box having twosuperposed cells at opposite sides of the loom to receive said shuttles, a swinging picking stick comprising two members pivotally con nected, a picker embracing the upper pivotal section of the picking isticln'm eans for moving said picker vertically so thatat one time it will be in position to throw the shuttle from the upper cell or the shuttle box, and'at another time it will be lowered to throw the shuttle trom the lower cell of he shuttle'bom and spring means cushioning the vertical movement of the picker in either direction. e 7

JOHN ERNEST GROSVENOB. WILLIAM THOMAS PICKING.

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