US1611108A - Differential mechanism - Google Patents

Description

' Dec. 14,1926. 11,108.

H. L. DOUVE DIFFERENTIAL MECHANI SM Filed Nov. 192 2 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 J w a J3 24 36 A9 38 A A? 24/ 24 f v INVENTOR WITNESSES ATTORNEY Dec. 14,1926.

H. 1.. DOUVE DIFFERENTIAL MECHANISM 1 4 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed Nov. 5, 1922 mvsu'ron ATTORNEY WITNESSE Dec. 14, 1926'. 1,611,108

H. L. DOUVE H DIFFERENTIAL MECHANI SM Fil-ed Nov 5, 1922 4 Sheets Sheet 4 wrmsssr; "TmRNEY wardmovemem of theZwhe'el.

Petented Dee. 14, 19 26.

" JHERMAN .L. ZDOUSZE, on DAIW ILLE, ILLmoIs.

D F ER NTI m x- .4mm

Application filei-vliove nher 3,1922. Serial No. 59 8, 836

This invention relatesto motor operated vehicles, and has particular" application 'to a differential flneohjahism therefor, a positive, twoewheel' drive provided, and

the power equally transmitted "to both wheels under all conditions, uthusr 'eliminat when the following detailed .fc le s c ription is s read in connection w'ith'the aeooinpenying drawings;'the invention i esi cli ngiin. the eon- I st rnction, combination "and arrangement of parts as claimed.

r In the clrawlngs forming part oi the application, the like numerals of reference 1nclieate similar paints the'severstl Views, and I V drive, end to equalize the tllstrlbut oinof wherein 7 through Ia 'i wheel showing the differential .meeh'anis'ln in the hub thereof, an cl thep'ayts in the. positions occiipiecl inoident to the for- I Figure "2 is a siinileriview showing the 7 position of the partsinoident to the rearward movement ofthe wheel.

' Figiire 3 is a sectionalw iew taken on line 31-9301 F igure'ZQ Figure V5'i's aplan View of the eooperating' elevation of the end elet'ation off the sleeve ferrangecl within the hub; fend sni ion nding .f

' the "driving shaft. 1 Figure S i'sesi .I'iecl Ethe. with the sleeve.

[Figu're 9: 1 1a tletail-i' v iew of one the I V cooperate with the teeth 27 of it cap 28 T he 5 supporting elemen s (for the floating lfll lg.

Figure .tion.

wherein "Figure, 1118 a Vertieel sectionalviewj J Figiii'e tis a, sectional view ta'ken on :line

driving shaft "and cjooperating fTh'e outei v10v is{ a Lfr'agnienteryelvetion of Y the. we n1 element jem-hiochecl nfth'e' nifen-i ranged anel'secul ecl to the member 10: by means oftheholtsjor other suitable fasten-V ingj elements indicated at 12. The member 10 haszils'o associated 'therewith e hnhcap 13. The wheel" is in the nature of a. c1'isk which is indieetedfet 1%,; and is clamped betw'e'e'nthe member' 10" of the hub and the 'brake drum 155s clearly illnstr'eted in Figvuvrel, The disk is provideclwith a pin- "onniferentiaHy disposed series of openings "16 which r'e'oeive theproject-ions 17 carried 7 'bythe memh'er 10 of thehnb. The hub in its 'enti1 ety houses the differential mecha- 'nism' forming the siibjeot matter 1 of the present invention, it being understood that one mechanism is arrangedin the hnloot each of the tteetion wheels of theinotor opefate cl vheieley (not H shown), the said tinction wheels heingnssooiated by aone-piece axle 18 positioned; within the usual axle housingindioate'ch t 19. "Thisniechanism Will-he here 'nzfftef' fully .cles'eribed, it being T teiti ogs' @Referringhto the drawings in detail, A inclieatesgenerally the hub of the wheeh which inohidesthefmember 10 and the' jop' positely' disposed stimuli '11 which ere airthe purpose"oi thejllneohenism; as faho've poir ltecl out to provide-e positiize two wheel the, power to both wheels unden'all'eonclt' v In other WOTdQ thG "invention the wheel the least resistance; end

ion (the contrary '-'tl'i's't1'"ihi1tes such I powef to V 'both whe'elsf so that theiattelf are positively driven. j

The 'difierential nieehanisni embodies a sleeve 21 whi'oh' is arranged in' sp'ece cl' qon- .cntiirelntion to the axle housing 19. The portion 22 of'this sleeve is octagonal, while the'retluoecl, portionfinclicatecl at '23 is of hy- *linclrial foi'mationnn'd embraced by the mem 'bei 10 6f thehub; The sleeve QI'iS SU poiftecl by oller" beai ingsQ l which are fixed uponthenxlehonsinght spaced points and reo eii ed by cone-shaped inenihers 25' which areoar'rieclon the interior of the -sleeve 21.

end ofthis sleeve-{isprovided with feren'tiel series 'of teeth 26, whieh cap 28 is provided with a' squared opening '29. to acconirnodate' the sqneretl portidn 30" V i theth ivingf 18 ,-'a;ncl lSihQlCli asses elated therewith by means of a nut 31 threaded upon the threaded extremity 32 This cap s provided witn' 'an annular flange 33 whichbears against of said shaft.

the adjacent roller bearings 24, so that when the cap is adjusted longitudinally of the shaft, the bearings and said sleeve are moved or adjusted in the same direction.

Mounted uponthe octagonal shaped portion 22 of the sleeve, is a ring 34 or annulus, which of course turns with this sleeve, and this ring in part'assists in supporting the floating ring utilized to automatically shift certain parts of the mechanism to change the direction .of rotation of the traction wheels, in a manner to be hereinafter dethe ring 34 and are arranged at dianietrically opposite points about this ring as clearly illustrated in F lgure 4. Pro ecting from the inner periphery of the floating ring is an annular series of-pins 39, each of which supports a tapered roller 40. These rollers cooperate "with a worm gear 41 fixed upon the axle housing 19, which will control the automatic shifting of the elements above referred to. The rods 38 project from both sides of the ring 34, and surrounding the projected portions of these rods are coiled springs 42 and 43v respectively. These springs are alternately compressed and function to hold the floating ring 35 on one or the other sidevof the worm gear 41.

Upon inspection of Figure 5, it will be noted that the ring '34 is arranged between the spaced rings or annuli 44and 45 respectively, and adapted to be moved into inter locking relation with either one or the other of the spaced rings, depending of course upon the particular direction of rotation of the wheels.

For this purpose, the ring 34 is provided with teeth 46 at opposite sides thereof, the teeth on one side being reversely disposed with respect to the teeth at the opposite side of the'ring for a purpose to be presently described. The. ring 44' is provided with teeth 47 adapted to cooperate 'with'the teeth on the adjacent side of the ring 34, while the ring 45 is provided with teeth 48 adapted to cooperate with the teeth on the adjacent side of the intermediate ring 34. r

As above pointed out, the ring 34 is mount ed for rotation with the sleeve 21, but is also susceptible of sliding movement longitudinally of the sleeve, in order to bring it into interlocking association with either of the rings 44 and 45. The latter mentioned rings are however fixed to the hub of the wheel, and when the ring 34 is interlocked with the ring 44, the wheels rotate in. a forward within the annular shaped members in cross section. indicated at 11 and which form a part of the hub proper.- V

It will also be pointed out, thatthe rings 44 and 45 are mounted upon driven j ournals 50 which rotate with the sleeve 21. Thesejournals have, ball bearings or the like at 51 to minimize friction. The. bearings 51') provided with openings 52 which'aline with bores 53, thereby making'it possible to lock the rings 44 and 45 to the bearings, by means of a suitable locking pin or key, in event that this particular portion of the mechanisinbecomes impaired for any reason whatsoever. 1 V

The mechanism forming the subject matter of the invention operates as follows:

When the traction wheels are to be moved As shown in a forward direction, the component parts intermediate ring 34 has its teeth at one side thereof meshing with the teeth 47 of the ring 44, with the floating ring 35 to the left of the worm gear 41. I

It .will be further noted that the rollers 40 carried by the floating ring 35 are also slightly spaced from one side of the worm gear 41, and that the springs 42 associated with the sliding rods 38 are compressed. WVhile'these springs 42 are under compression, and tend to shift the rods 38 together with the floating ring 35 in the'direction of the worm gear, this is obviated by reason of the angularity of'the teeth 46 of the intermediate 'ing, and the angularity of the teeth 47. of the ring 44 which is now interlocked with the intermediate ring. as the wheels continue to rotate in a forward direction, the angularity of the 'teeth as above described, moves the intermediate ring the rotation of the driving shaft 18, but a differential action of either wheel is permitted as the occasion requires. This is per- ,mitted, by reason of the angularity of the teeth on the'various rings above referred to, which allows the ring associated with the particular wheelto be accelerated, to ratchet over the intermediate ring 34. In turning a curve, the inner wheel cannot rotate any.

faster than the degree of rotation. of the lid) in other words.

axle or driving shaft l8, nor. can the dif-' ferential mechanism in the outer wheel rotate any faster. Consequently, the necessary accelerat ion of the outer wheel, required 1n turning thecurve, causes the intermediate ring 34 to be moved in a direction of the worm gear 41, but against the tension of thesprings 43, these springs eliminating the degree of movement of the intermediate ring in the direction just "mentioned. However, the ring is moved the requisite distance .to allow the outer wheel together with the ring 44 to ratchet over'the teeth 46 of the intermediate ring.

. axle or driving shaft 18, to the cap 28, which scope of what is claimed. 1

- latter,

imparts motion to the sleeve 21 and the intermediate ring 34. The teeth on the worm the teeth at one side of this wheel'which w meshes with the teeth 47 on the ring 44,

forces the intermediate ring in the direction of the worm gear 41. Now, the angularity of the teeth of the gear 41, allows the rollers 40 to pass therebetween, and in this manner the floating ring is shifted to the opposite side of the Worm gear. Incident to this movement of parts, t he springs 43 are compressed, and the springs 42 relieved of their tension. It is manifest however, that under no circumstances, can one wheel spin in advance of the other, when the latter mentioned wheel is retarded in its movement by becoming stuck in the mud or for any other reason, inasmuch as the power is equally transmitted to both wheels,thereby providing a two wheel drive. H 1

lVhile it is believed that from the foregoing description, the nature and advantages of the invention will be readily apparent, I desire to have itunderstood that I do not limit myself to what is herein shown and,

described, and that such-changes may be resorted to when desired as -fall within the Having described the invention what is claimed is: I I

1. A clutch mechanism including a driving element, spaced annuli encircling the an intermediate annulus, means whereby said annulus is allowed interlocking r engagement with either of said annuli,

means for shifting said annulus in either direction, and including a fioatlng ring, a

plurality of inwardly directed radially It is of course obvious that the power transmitted to either wheel is through the mounted rollers carried thereby, a fixed ele ment having diagonally arranged slots therein through which the rollers'pass upon rota-v tionof'the driving element in either dlrec tion, such movement disengaging the intermediate annulus from one spaced annulus and engaging the intermediate annulus with the other spaced annulus, and resilient meansnormally urging the floating ring to a posi- V tion to either side of the fixed element. I

2. A clutch mechanism including a driving element, spaced tooth annuli encircling the latter an, axially shiftablering arranged between said annuli, a floating ring asso-' ciated therewith; cooperating elements, one of which is fixed andthe other carried by said fioatingring and normally disposed at one side of the fixed element to'hold the floating ring in a position where the axially shiftable ring will engage one of the spaced annuli, and said fixed element having parallel grooves therein for the passage of the ele ment carried by the floating ring upon rota- Sll tion of the driving element in one direction.

3. In a clutch mechanism including a shaft, a driving element, spaced annuli en,-

circling the latter, an intermediate annulus mounted forshdlng movement between said the opposite sides of the intermediate annulus and cooperating with said annuli, where by the intermediate annulus is moved into a or out of locking relation with eitherof said spaced annuli, depending onthe direction of rotation of said shaft, means for shifting said intermediate annulus, and including a floating ring,;.slidable rods having their ends slidably associated with said spaced annuli, and fingers carried thereby for interlocking engagement with said floating ring, v c i 4. A. clutch mechanism including a shaft,

a driving element, spaced annuli encircling the latter, eachchaving angularly disposed teeth at one side thereof, an intermediate annulus mounted for sliding movement between said spaced annuli' reversely disposed inclined teeth at the opposite sides of said intermediate annulus for interlocking relation withthe' teeth of either of said spaced annuli, the teeth ,ofthe respective spaced annuli o-peratingto move the intermediate 'annuli, reversely disposed teeth arranged at annulus in one or the other direction depending upon the direction of rotation of said shaft," means controlling the movements of said intermediate annulus and including a fixed worm gear, a floating ring associated with said intermediate annulus, and rollers carried by said ring and adapted to pass between the teeth "of said gear from oneside to the other thereof when the shaft is rotated in one direction.

' In testimony whereof I s'ignature,

' HERMAN L. DOUVE.

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