US161013A - Improvement in pavements - Google Patents
Improvement in pavements Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US161013A US161013A US161013DA US161013A US 161013 A US161013 A US 161013A US 161013D A US161013D A US 161013DA US 161013 A US161013 A US 161013A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- candle
- gum
- pavements
- improvement
- asphalt
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 description 16
- 229920000591 gum Polymers 0.000 description 14
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 14
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004572 hydraulic lime Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002335 preservative Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C7/00—Coherent pavings made in situ
- E01C7/08—Coherent pavings made in situ made of road-metal and binders
- E01C7/18—Coherent pavings made in situ made of road-metal and binders of road-metal and bituminous binders
Definitions
- candle-gum which is the residuum from the manufacture of star candle by the process of distillation
- the candle-gum is known by those acquainted with its peculiarities to possess great cohesive, durable, and preservative properties; and, when it is properly incorporated with hard mineral substances, it will make a substantial pavement without the addition of asphalt. But, as water-lime, when properly combined with sand, will, under the effects of moisture, form a more durable cement than either material would make when used alone, so it is with candle-gum when mixed with asphalt by melting them together.
- the candlegum supplies a most perfect and durable body and life not contained in the asphalt; and when the candle-gum is thoroughly in- Iused into the asphalt, and properly mixed with mineral substances and firmly compressed, the compound will set, and form a body possessing all the qualities above stated.
- a solid foundation is a most important feature, and the following description will enable others to carry my invention into efiect: First, prepare a foundation of broken stone or coarse gravel, and fill all the lower interstices with sand or line gravel, leaving the surface irregular and rugged, to afford a better hold and a stronger connection with the surface paving. I then union between the surface paving and the foundation. I then put into a suitable vessel asphaltum and candle-gum, in such proportions as the climate and character of the work require, and heat these substances to a liquid state, and thoroughly mix with them any hard mineral substance,such as coarse gravel, broken stone, &c., with a quantity of sand.
- This compound is evenly spread over the substratum or foundation and firmly pressed, so as to fill every space in the rugged surface thereof. This will hold the foundation in an unbroken body.
- This final coating should be compressed while it is hot. The compression is best performed by means of a roller, the surface ofwhich should be kept moistened While in use.
- My improved pavement may be made by using the candle-gum and asphalt forthe binder properly intermixed with mineral substances, either with or without the addition of another material intermixed with the candle-gum and ANDREW BARTIS DEAN.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Description
UNITED STATES ATElLJLFLQ.
ANDREW B. DEAN, OF LOUISVILLE, KENTUCKY.
IMPROVEMENT IN PAVEMENTS.
Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 161,013, dated March 23, 1875 application filed February 6, 1875.
and for other purposes; and it consists in utilizing a substance known as candle-gum, which is the residuum from the manufacture of star candle by the process of distillation,
and mixing this substance with asphaltum in such proportions as will give to it stronger cohesive properties, and a good tough body, that 1 will be impenetrable by Water, unaffected by moisture or frost, and which will be nearly imperishable under ordinary uses.
The candle-gum is known by those acquainted with its peculiarities to possess great cohesive, durable, and preservative properties; and, when it is properly incorporated with hard mineral substances, it will make a substantial pavement without the addition of asphalt. But, as water-lime, when properly combined with sand, will, under the effects of moisture, form a more durable cement than either material would make when used alone, so it is with candle-gum when mixed with asphalt by melting them together. The candlegum supplies a most perfect and durable body and life not contained in the asphalt; and when the candle-gum is thoroughly in- Iused into the asphalt, and properly mixed with mineral substances and firmly compressed, the compound will set, and form a body possessing all the qualities above stated.
To make a good pavement, a solid foundation is a most important feature, and the following description will enable others to carry my invention into efiect: First, prepare a foundation of broken stone or coarse gravel, and fill all the lower interstices with sand or line gravel, leaving the surface irregular and rugged, to afford a better hold and a stronger connection with the surface paving. I then union between the surface paving and the foundation. I then put into a suitable vessel asphaltum and candle-gum, in such proportions as the climate and character of the work require, and heat these substances to a liquid state, and thoroughly mix with them any hard mineral substance,such as coarse gravel, broken stone, &c., with a quantity of sand.
This compound is evenly spread over the substratum or foundation and firmly pressed, so as to fill every space in the rugged surface thereof. This will hold the foundation in an unbroken body. Over this layer I spread a surface coating of coarse sand and fine gravel, or finely-broken stone, mixed with hot candlegum and asphaltum, and treated in the same manner as the intermediate coating. This final coating should be compressed while it is hot. The compression is best performed by means of a roller, the surface ofwhich should be kept moistened While in use.
My improved pavement may be made by using the candle-gum and asphalt forthe binder properly intermixed with mineral substances, either with or without the addition of another material intermixed with the candle-gum and ANDREW BARTIS DEAN.
Witnesses:
H. O. Ronns, W. SHORT.
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US161013A true US161013A (en) | 1875-03-23 |
Family
ID=2230422
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US161013D Expired - Lifetime US161013A (en) | Improvement in pavements |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US161013A (en) |
-
0
- US US161013D patent/US161013A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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