US1600054A - Grinding wheel - Google Patents

Description

Sept. 14 1926. 1,600,054

D. D. MacLAUGHLlN ET Al.

GRINDING WHEEL Filed August 24, 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Ln i gig JWM aw.

Sept. 14 1926.

D. D, MaCLAUGHLlN El' AL GRINDING WHEEL Filed August 24. 1925 2 Sheets-Shea?l 2 Patented Sept. 14, 1926.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.-

DAVID D. MAOLAUGHLIN, OF EAST PROVIDENCE, AND WALTER B. LEONARD, 2D, OF PROVIDENCE, RHODE ISLAND, ASSIGNORS TO AMERICAN EMERY WHEEL WORKS, 0F PROVIDENCE, RHODE ISLAND, A CORPORATION OF RHODE ISLAND.

GRINDING lWHEEL.

Application filed August 24, 1925. Serial No. 52,040.

Our invention relates to grinders, particularly to the type comprising a substantially annular wall of abrasive material having a substantially annular grinding face on the lower edge thereof, an specifically includes the provision of radial grooves extending part way across the annular grinding face from the inside edge of the wall thereof and upwards from the annular grinding face tljiereof on the inside edge of the wall thereo The main object of our invention is to pro vide better lubrication for the grinding face of the grinder and also to cool the grinding face thereof. As a result of providing better lubrication for the annular grinding face `of this type of wheel, the width of the wheel may be increased, the grooves furnishing pro er lubrication and the wheel may be ma e harder, thus clearly increasing the life of wheels of this type. As better lubrication is secured the grinding operation may take place at a greater speed thus cutting down. the length of time hitherto thought necessary in grinding.

Compared to the segmental type of ring wheel now on the market, our invention is safer for the following reasons: as the grooves extend only part way across the wall the splashing of the water on the workmen is substantially eliminated, as the grinders are all baked as a unit in one portion of the kiln they are more uniform; and as no elaborate chuck is required to hold them.

Our invention particularly comprises a grinder of a type wherein the wheel itself comprises a cylindrical ring of substantial depth having a wall of inherently abrasive material adapted to grind surfaces of considerable extent, preferably surfaces which are substantially horizontal. The bottom, particularly the outside edges of the bottom of the grooves are at all times parallel to the axis of the grinder, which as stated preferably comprises a cylinder of substantial depth. It is thus obvious that as the wheel becomes worn down in use. the outer edges of the bottom of said grooves will at all times remain parallel to the axis of the grinder and the outer edges of the grinder so that the spaces between the outer edges of the bottom of the grooves and the outer edges. of the wall of the grinder will always remain equal to provide a substantially equal amount of cooling effect as the wheel becomes worn down in use. It is also obvious that the wheel is so constructed that this space Just referred to will remain continuously even and it will not be necessary to continuously regrind the wheel. It is also obvious that in use the centrifugal force of the rotating grinder acting against a preferably horizontal surface of considerable extent will tend to force the coolant in the grooves radially outwardly and that the coolant will be prevented from splashing radially outwardly by the portions ofsaid ring exterior of said grooves and that the centrifugal force will thus urge said coolant against the bottom of said grooves in a direction normal thereto and down upon the work but will be prevented from escaping from the open lower ends of the grooves by the surface of the work being ground. It is thus obvious that the grinder will function to continuously force the coolant or lubricant directly down upon the work at the point where it is most needed, namely, right in the grinding face thereof against the work and will function to retain pockets full of coolant continuously effective at the grinding face of said ring against the work.

These and such other objects of our invention as may hereinafter appear may be best understood by a description of embodiments thereof, ysuch as are shown in the accompanying drawings.

In the drawings, Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic side elevation partially shown in section of our grinder and the work of a vertical spindle surface grinding machine.

Fig. 2 is a perspective view partially broken away of the preferred form of our invention, employing radial grooves extending from the inside of the ring.

Fig. 3 is a cross section along the line 3-3 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a perspective view, partially broken away of a modified form of our invention, wherein the grooves are not radial, but extend outwardly at an angle to a diametrical plane.

Fig. 5 is a perspective view, partially broken away, of a further modified form of our invention, employing spiral grooves.

In the drawings, wherein like characters of reference indicate like parts throughout, 10 generally indicates a grinder constructed in--aceordance with our invention. As stated, We employ a grinder of the disk or rlng type of substantial depth which comprises a hollow ring, having a wall 12, constructed of inherently abrasive material held together by any suitable binding material.

Though we have shown in the drawings a true cylinder, it is obvious that polygonal or other shaped grinders may be employed so long as they have the general configuration of a cylinder.

We therefore in the claim, employ the words ring or annular, to include any generally cylindrical shape, having a grinding surface or face 111- generally circular. In the claim, we also employ the word ring to cover any configuration which has a substantially annular grinding face, no matter what the construction of the upper part of the ring may be. It is obvious that it is immaterial for the purposes of our invention of what shape the top ot the ring may be and whether or not it is closed in to form a cup so long as it has a comparatively thin grinding face and the opposite end or top 18 of said ring is shaped to be mounted on a grinding machine chuck or mount. In the claims and description, we also employ the words top, bottom, etc., with reference to the position of the grinder as shown in Fig. 1 in use on a vertical spindle surface grinding machine for grinding substantially horizontal surfaces of considerable ex tent, though it is obvious that it may be employed in grinding surfaces which are not substantially horizontal.

We take a grinder of the ring type, and manufacture it with the grooves 16 extending part way across the annular grinding face thereof. In our preferred embodiment, the grooves 16 are preferably radial grooves and extend from the inside edge of the wall 12 of the ring. It is obvious, however, that the grooves may be of any shape without departing from the spirit of our invention so long as the bottom of said grooves 16 and particularly the outer edges 13 of the bottom 11 of said grooves are substantially parallel to the axis of the grinder and the outer edge of the cylindrical wall thereof. Ve preferably have the grooves 16 extend upwards of the wall 12 of the ring au appreciable distance from the grinding face 14 so that they will be always present as the grinder is worn down in use, as the bottoms 11 of said grooves are always paralle'l to the axis of the grinder and the outer edge 15 of the wall thereof, it is obvious that the portions of the ring 17 exterior of said grooves 16 between the outer edges 13 of the bottoms 11 of said grooves and the outer edges 15 of the wall 14 of said. grinder will always remain of equal size.

In our preferred embodiment shown in Figs. 3 and 4, we employ the radial grooves 16 which also extend axially the annular grinding face on the inside edge of the wall 12 thereof substantially to the top 18 of the cylinder. To insure proper lubrication, in our preferred embodiment, we preferably extend the grooves 16 substantially half way across the rim 14.

As stated, the purpose of having the grooves 16 extend part way across the annular grinding face is to have them form cooling spaces and also pockets to retain the lubricant near the radial center of the anH nular grinding face 1l. As the grooves 16 function as pockets lo retain a lubricant it is preferable to have them extend from the inside edge of the wall 12 of the ring as shown in all the embodiments of the dra v.'- ings. Though we have found radial groove-J` the best, easiest and cheapest to make, it is obvious that the exact shape of the grooves is immaterial so long as the bottoms 11 of said groove are always parallel to the axis of said grinder. In Fig. 5, we have shown the grooves 16 extending at angles to the radius of the ring and counter clockwise of the ring. In Fig. 6, we have shown'the grooves 16 extending spil-ally counter clockwise, upwards from the grinding face 14.

Fig. l illustrates oui-'preferred embodiq ment in use on a vertical spindle type of surface grinding machine adapted to grind a substantially horizontal surface of considerableextent. The grinding machine is provided with the usual spindle 2O which terminates in the disc 22, having the usual downwardly extending mount or chuck 24 to receive the top 18 of the grinder therein. In practice, the ring is usually fixed within the mount 24- and adhered thereto by sulphur or other adhesive if necessary. rllhe mount 24 may also be provided with a depending' annular flange 26 to act as a 'water guard. The pipe 28 leads from the body of the inachine through the hollow spindle 20 to within the ring 10 and is normally bent and preferably terminates in a nozzle 3() which throws the lubricant radially against the inside edge of the wall 12 of the ring. The lubricant may however be inserted within the ring 10 in any other suitable manner. 32 generally represents the work table of a grinding machine and 34 the work which as shown in Fig. 1, may comprise a series of individual pieces. It is obvious that as the ring 10 is revolved, the grinding face 1li will function to grind the work 534, and that the pipe 28 and nozzle 30 provide means to flood the work 341 and grinder 1() at the cutting point with lubricant, and that the grooves 1G function as explained to receive the lubricant therein to cool said cutting of the ring from point. It is obvious that the grooves 16 form pockets to receive the coolant therein to cool and lubricate the grinding-surface 14 of the ring 10 against the work 34. The centrifugal force of the rapidly rotating ring will first tend to force the coolant radially outwardly. It is obvious however, that the portions 17' of said ring exterior of said grooves prevent the coolant from splashing radially outwardly and as it iS thus prevented from moving radially outwardly will be urged by said grooves against the bottom of said groove-s in a direction normal thereto by the centrifugal force and prevented from escaping from the open ends 11 thereof by the surface of the Work 34 being ground. It is thus obvious that the grooves 16 function to retain pockets full of coolant and to continuously urge it downwards in the grinding face 14-thereof against the work 34 and thus function to continuously cool and lubricate the substantially radial center of the grinding face 14. lt is obvious that as the portions 17 continuously remain of the samewidth as the wheel is ground down in use and the pockets coutinuously remain of the saine size that an even cooling and lubricating etl'ect will be produced as the wheel is ground down in use and that it will not be necessary to continuously regrind the wheel to equalize the size of the grooves 16 and portions 17 of the ring 10 exterior of said grooves for this purpose.

It is obvious that we have provided a grinder of the ring type, having grooves extending part way across the grinding face thereof with the advantages as portrayed above over both the segmental type of grinder and they unmodified ring or cup type of grinder.

It is understood that our invention is not limited to the specific embodiments Shown and that variousdeviations may be made therefrom without departing from the spirit and scope of the appended claim.

What we claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is A grinder for use in surface grinding comprising a cylindrical integral ring of substantial depth having a wall of inherently abrasive material, having an annular grinding face on one end thereof having grooves extending substantially radially part way across from the inside edge thereof and upwards from said annular grinding face on the inside edge of the wall of said ring, the bottom of said grooves being parallel to the axis of the grinder, said grooves being adaptedy to receive a coolant therein to cool and lubricate the grinding surface of said ring against the work, said coolant being thus urged against the bottom of said grooves in a direction normal thereto by centrifugal force and prevented from escaping from the open ends thereof by the surface of the Work being ground and prevented from splashing radially outwards by the portions of said ring exterior of said grooves, and the opposite end of said ring shaped to be mounted on a grinding machine chuck.

In testimony whereof we afix our signatures.

DAVID D. MACLAUGHLIN. WALTER B. LEONARD, 2ND.

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