US1598866A - Method and apparatus for firing and controlling steam boilers - Google Patents

Description

v 1,598,866 G. D. Lovr-:LL

Filed June 1, 1925 2 sheets-sheet 1 /J w/f/ IN VENT 0R ATTORNEl Sept. 7 1926.

METHOD AND-APPARATUS FOR FIRING AND CONTROLLING STEAM BOILERs Sepp 7, 1926. 1,598,866

G. D. LovELL y METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR FIRING AND CONTROLLING STEAM BOILERS Filed June 1, 1925 2 sheets-sheet 2 Patented Sept. 7,19267. y i i vi.

UNI TED ST ATL-'Es PAf'T NTffoF F les i l "i GERALD n. or nos ivsnLEsoA'Ii'rnna i METHQUA'ND ArPAR'rUs'r-onfrnme 'AND VConrae1.311.169 STEM BOILER @Appiieauon medaglie 191925; `serial No1-34,242.

, The present invention relatesto oil'fired .The burner. includes a burner 'body 8, k55 Iu steam boilers and pertains Vmore.particularly` which is internally provided With two valve to method and apparatus for liring andfc'onseats 9 and-10 respectively, coaxially cartrolling steam boilers. c Y rangedone below the other. f 13 ::Theinvention-hasforits'principal object, ..."l-he body includes two integral Adiametrithe 4provision ofbmeans' for automatically xc'ally opposed lhollow` bosses 11k and12,- rek 30` regulating the zamount of fuel fed to aboileri spectively, providing an oil inlet 13,` and a Another object of the invention is ytop'roisteam inlet 14.v `The oil inletcontinues to a vide simple and Ieffective means fork vmainliuid course 15and the steam inlet continues taining a predetermined steam pressure. f Vinto a steam passage 16. vThe steam-passage The: invention contemplates xthe vuse of and the' oil passage 15y are kseparated from G5k steam for atomizing the'fuel, as Well as for eachL other` Vtlnoughoutthe-lengthiof.- the forcibly krejecting it fromthe burner, and it burner body.' At the extreme ytip 17f of the is therefore Fanother object of thei'nventionn'burner, the'oil passage'terminates in a cen-1 to provide for closely and automaticallyreg-v tral orifice' 18 While ,the steainpassage terulatjng the amount of steamffed to the burn- Yrnin'ates in an annular orifice 19 surround- 70 er so that it Willbe in correct proportion to ing said central orifice. Thus, as iVillbe the amount of :oil bein-g used. Y particularly .apparenty hereinafter, theoil is lty is 'common practice'inirifng boilers with ejected from they burnercin asmallcentral @liquid `fuel toihave the fuel supplied alwaysA 'stream surrounded bya more rapidly movat a constant pressure. Therefore itis advis-r ing stream of steam which. subdividesand 7 f able and often necessary to'havethe steam ldistrilmtes the oil in Conformance yWithl acsupplied to the burner at constant pressure. eepted practice. Usually afpressure regulator or Areducing The steam passage leads to'an vannular valve is employed for* this purposa/and it 5y opening 16Which leads fto the main bore 21 is Vtherefore another object of the invention, vofthe burner fbodygjust abovethe seat 9, k80 to dispense With reducing .valves and the The burner further-includes a stem 22havlike. i ing a' portionf23`of; maximum'diameter, Still another object of the invention ris to rwhich serves asa barrier 'between seats `9and 3o` vprovide simple, longlived and eiiicient means 10; Thus, oil flowing throughthe oilpasfor carrying,"` out the objects ofmyinvention,v Sage and annular .opening v2O, enters bore 21 e5 freedom from multiple adjustments being and from there escapes through thevalve among the objectsof this' invention. l seat 10and through acentral `iiuid course Still other'objects and-advantages of *myv 18 tol orifice 18.1v I ortion yQfoffthe'stem invention will"appear'hereinafterilClfcWllw isalso a guideffor said stem and is a close be better understood by virtue'l ofthe order running"` lit in bore'l 21. From ,guide 23 a 9o in which they appear. Vneedle 24 of' smaller diametervextends into I-hzwe illustrated my invention'. bythe t21C- fluidcourse 18 andro-acts with thevalve `.co1n`panying drawings,` in'which: c `vseat 10 tok predetermine the amountof fuel 40 Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic view showing the which Awill pags with a .givenpressure- -relative disposition ofthe various partsY of As Will-appear hereinafteigthe oil flow-a5 -anf apparatus designed to carry out my ining by valvefgegt 1 will be at; practically vention. Y Y Vthe. temperature of the steam and since the n nFigure 2, is a Vertical section 0f y'E116 prille steam pressure is constantpthe oil tempera- :cipalunit of Jtlie'apparatus. ture Will be constant and therefore the visf Fi'gure `3, is aivieWy insectlonl thereof-on cosity of a giifenfuel'oil WillA remain con- 100 a line 3-53 oflig.A 2.. stant.' y c Y igure 45 is afvieW in section' on aline 4 4 From bore 21, or rather fromfthe'upper i of Fig. 2. seat 95 a counter'bore 25 continues to the top.l y Figure 5, is avievv mainly inverticaly secsv of the burner.y The stem includes another n.tion of a'modiiication of ytheunits shown in enlarged portion 26, which is a close-run- 105 'F 2.' 1 ning fit in the counter bore125. The steam ldliguref,` is a cross `section thereof'on afy passage leads'intothe counter bore just above i line 6 6 of Fig. 5. f seat 9.V The stern7 betvveenthe enlargements 23 and 26 is tapered, as at 2T and said taper co-acts with the seat to change the area of flow and to predetermine the amount of steam which may flow.

The needle Q3 and the taper Q6 are so proportioned relative to each other that at any given normal position ofthe stem, the area of flow of oil through seat 10, and the area of flow for steam through seat 9 are in what has been found to be about proper proportion. Yteam, having passed seat i), is intercepted by guide 23. Below the seat 9, an annular opening 30 is provided, which allows the steam to escape to an annular passage 19, which leads to orifice 19.

Thus, a small single stem controls both the flow of oil and theflow of steam and by the construction just described, both the oil and steam are accurately7 metered. As the stem is moved outwardly flow is increased.

Then the stem is moved inwardly, the

needle and the tapered part of the stem simultaneously seat on corresponding seats and shut oil' the supply of oil and steam. However, a suitable stop is arranged on the stem so that the supply of fuel is never cntirely shut olf, in order that a small pilot flame will always exist in the fire box.

For the purpose of automatically moving the stem to automatically control the flow of fuel, I provide pressure actuated stem Voperating means in the form of a diaphragm regulator 32. said regulator 1ncludes a suitable adjustment, such as 33 controlling the compression of a spring 34, whereby the boiler pressure required to move the stem to closed position, is predetermined. The regulator is connected to a steam boiler 35 (see Fig. 1) by a steam line 36; a branch 37 of said line leading to the steam inlet.

Oil is supplied to the burner through an oil line 38 and said oil, as in usual practice, comes from a source of constant pressure.

In the operation of the complete apparatus, oil and steam are metered by the burner and become co-mingled at the burner tip.

' IThe resultant combustion of fuel under the boiler raises the boiler pressure. Vhen the desired pressure is reached, the regulator acts to depress the stem and the fuel supply is decreased. Obviously, the apparatus may be regulated to maintain a given boiler pressure. Since the boiler pressure remains constant, it follows that no reducing valve or pressure regulator is required in the steam line leading` to the burner. With steam pressure and oil pressure always constant, the proportion of oil and steam is always correct and therefore the minimum amount of steam, consistent with `good combustion, is used for operating the burner.

It will be seen now that I have provided simple and efficient means for automatically firing a boiler at such rate as to maintain constant boiler pressure, and by maintaining constant steam pressure and using the constant pressure steam to atomize the fuel, l provide for maximum elliciency in such use of steam, and while I have shown and described specific apparatus for carrying out my invention, and have described specilic constructions for the parts of the apparatus, I do not limit myself to any specic construction or arrangements and may alter same as 1 desire, or as occasion requires, without enlarging the scope of my invention within the appended claims.

I claim:

1. ln a regulator of the class described, a regulator body provided with four internal cavities and a central bore extending fromend to end of the body connecting all cavitiesA and terminating in an oil discharge orifice; said orifice opening into communication with the lowermost of the four cavities, the body being further provided with a steam inlet and a passage-way connecting the uppermost cavity with the said steam inlet, the body further provided with a passage-way, other than the through bore connecting the lowermost cavity with the cavity second from the top, the body further provided with a fuel inlet and a passage-way connecting said fuel inlet and the cavity which is second from the bottom; the intersection of the bore and the uppermost cavity forming a steam valve seat, and the intersection of the bore with the second cavity from the bottom forming an oil valve seat, and a stem terminating at its lower end in a conical end adjacent said oil valve seat; that portion of the stem between the two intermediate cavities fully occupying the bore to isolate said two cavities from each other; that portion of the stem above the uppermost cavity likewise fully occupying the bore to isolate the uppermost cavity from points external to the body other than the steam inlet, and that portion of the stem which is normally disposed between the uppermost and the next lower cavity being of reduced diameter and tapered with regard to said bore and coaeting with the steam valve seat, a movable wall above said body connected to said stem', and a lixed wall carriedby said body and coacting with the movable wall to provide a. steam pressure space.

2. A regulator as in claim 1, in which the steam space and the steam inlet in the body are in constant communication.

3. A regulator as in claim 1, in which the steam space and the steam inlet in the body are in constant communication by means of a bore through said stem ranging from, and in communication with, the uppermost cavity and the steam space, respectively.

CTI

4. In a regulator of the class described,

j a regulator body provided with a steam chamber and a Valve seat n said steam chamber, and an oll chamber Wrth a valve seat in said oil chamber, a passage-Way closely inthe bore between the chambers to isolate the chambers from each other, means on said stern coaoting With the seats to reg-YK ulate flow of luid; said stem movable vertically n said bore, and a diaphragm above said body attached to said stemt GERALD' D; LOVELL.

Images