US1597415A - Surface condenser - Google Patents

Description

Patented Aug. 24, 1926.

EDWARD H. MARKLEY, 0F EASTON, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO INGERSOLL-RAND COMPANY, OF JERSEY CITY, NEW JERSEY, A. CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

' sunrncn CONDENSER.

Application filed March 11, 1926. Serial No. 93,941.

This invention relates to surface condensers, and more particularly to condensers adapted to be used in combination with multi-stage steam turbines having a bleeder in one of the last stages. The objects of the invention are to increase the efliciency of both the turbine and the condensing system and to conveniently make use of the steam bled from the intermediate stage of the turbine.

The invention will be more clearly understood by reference to the following descrip tion and the drawing in which is shown a turbine and condenser arranged and constructed in accordance with thepractice of the invention, the view being an end elevation with parts broken away to show the interior construction.

Referring to ,the drawing, a steam turine A preferably multi-stage is provided with a bleeder B at an intermediate stage,

in this instance at the next to the last stage- Exhaust steam from the bleeder is adapted to be led off through a passage 0 and the from the last stage of the turbine is guldedto a condenser D through a passageway E. The steam in the assagesC and E are at different absolute pressures and are therefore kept separate.

The condenserD is provided with a casing F within which are arranged a plurality of water conducting tubes G arranged in upper andlower groups H and J respectively. Thecasing F is provided with an inlet K for the exhaust steam entering from the passage E and a separate inlet L communicating with the bleeder steam passage C. An outlet is provided at O which is adapted to be'connected to a pump for withdrawing the condensate. A devaporizer P may also be provided and ma be of any desired form, being adapted to evaporize and cool the .uncondensible air and gases to be withdrawn from the condenser D.

Normallly it is desirable to s ace the tubes G as close y as ossible in or or to provide a maximum coo g surfacewithin a small shell. The tubes G are spaced at such distances that the loss of head caused by friction of the steam in passing from the inlet K to the outlet of the devaporizer P is' not excessive. If the spacing of the tubes G be small, the'friction resulting -from; high steam" velocity'is relatively great and the absolute pressure at the devaporizer P will be relatively low. If the spacing of the tubes be large the velocity of the steam in passlng between the tubes is low and the pressure drop correspondingly low. The atter condition, however, requires the shell F to be large to provide a sufficient number of tubes G for the required condensing surface. By this invention in one of its aspects, the tubes G may be spaced closely by distributing the steam to diflerent portions of the condenser without increasing the steam velocity. To this end there is provided at each side of the condenser, a bypass Q formed by a swellingof the outer wall of the upper portion of the condenser shell F. Through the by-pass Q steam may. pass from the main inlet K to the lower group J of tubes, thereby splitting the amount of steam to be condensed into two portions, one portion of which is condensed by the upper group H of tubes and the other portion 0 .the steam bein condensed by the lower group J of tubes The byass Q is provided with an inner wall R y which the steam'is prevented from entering the upper group H of tubes from the side. Preferably, means is provided to control the amount of steam flowin through the by-pass Q which includes a amper or bafile S which may be operated in a suitable manner and serves to close of! the bypass Q thereby shutting off communication between the main inlet K and the lower group J of tubes G, except through the upper group H of condensing tubes.

Preferably, the steam entering the condenser from the bleeder B is conducted directly'to the lower group J of tubes by means of a conduit T connecting the bleeder steam inlet L with a flanged opening U substantially at the level of the space V between the upper and lower groups of tubes H and J respectively. The amount of steam admitted to the condenser D from the con duit T is separately controlled by means' of a valve W of the butterfly or any other suitable type.

In wmter or under conditions where very cold water is available for maintaining the tubes Gr at low temperature the valve S may be closed in which case substantially all of the steam entering the main exhaust steam inlet. K is condensed by the upper group of tubes H. The steam exhausted from the bleeder B in this case may be admitted by opening the valve W to the lower group of tubes J. H the cooling water be relatively warm and the condensing surface of the upper group H of tubes betherefore insufficient to condense the steam entering at the inlet K, the valve S may be opened to permit some of the steam to be conducted through the b -pass Q-to the lower group J of tubes as wel as the steam exhausted from the bleeder B. i For conditions between the extremes above mentioned the valves Sand W may be set atintermediate positions to provide the best conditions'of vacuum within the condenser D..

Thus, by the above construction are acbefore referred to.

I claim:

1. The combination with a multi-stage steam turbine having a bleederat one of its intermediate stages, of a surface condenser having upper and lower zones, and a conduit by-passing the upper zone and arranged to convey exhaust steam from said bleeder directly to said lower zone.

2. The combination with a multi-stage steam turbine having a bleeder for exhaust steam at an intermediate stage and a condenser having steam condensing water tubes arranged 1n upper and lower groups, separate steam inlets for the main exhaust of the turbine and the exhaust from said bleeder,

and a conduit arranged to conduct steam from said bleeder inlet directly to the lower.

group of tubes.

3. The combination with a multi-stage steam turbine having a bleeder for exhaust steam at an intermediate stage and a condenser having steam condensing watertubes arranged in upper and lower groups, separate steam inlets for the main exhaust of the turbine and the exhaust from said bleeder, a conduit arran ed to conduct steam from said bleeder inlet directly to the lower grou of tubes, and means to regulate the flow 0 exhaust steam in said conduit.

4. The combination with a multi-stage I steam turbine having a bleeder at an intermediate stage with a condenser comprising a shell having separate steam inlets for the main exhaust from said turbine and the bleeder, a plurality of water conducting tubes within the condenser, outlets for condensate and uncondensate vapors, said tubes being arran d in u per and lower groups, and a conduit to con not the steam from said bleeder inlet directly to the lower group of tubes.

5. The combination with a multi-stage steam turbine having a bleeder at an intermediate stage with a condenser comprising a complished among others, the objects hereina'shell having a main exhaust steam inlet and a separate inlet for the exhaust steam from said bleeder, a plurality of condensing.

tubes arranged inupper and lower groups 'within the shell, outlets for condensate and uncondensible vapors, means for directing the steam from said bleeder steam inlet di': rectly to the lower group of tubes of said condenser, a by-pass about the upper group of tubes communicating with themam exhaust steam inlet, and means for regulating the flow of steam from said bleeder;

7. The combination of a multi-stage steam turbine having a bleeder at an intermediate stage, with a condenser comprising a shell having a main exhaust steam inlet and a separate inlet for the exhaust steam from said bleeder, a plurality of condensing tubes arranged in upper and lower groups within the shell, outlets for condensate and uncondensible vapors, means for di- I rectin the steam from said bleeder steam inlet irectl to the lower group of tubes of said con enser, a by-pass about the upper group of tubes communicating with the main exhaust steam inlet, and means for regulating the flow of steam from said bleeder and in said by-pass'. v

'8. The combination of a multi-stage steam turbine having a bleeder at an intermediate stage with a condenser comprising a shell havin a main exhaust steam inlet and a separate inlet for the exhaust steam from said bleeder, a plurality of condensing tubes arranged in upper and lower groups within the she outlets for condensate and uncondensible. vapors, means for directing the steam from said bleeder steam inlet directly to the lower group of tubes of said condenser, a bypass a out the upper group of tubes commu nicating with the main exhaust steam inlet, and means for regulating the flow of steam from said bleeder and in said by-pass separately', Y

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification.

Certificate of Correction.

It is hereby certified that in Letters Patent No. 1,597,415, granted August 24, 1926, upon the application of Edward H. Markley, of Easton, Pennsylvania; for an improvement in Surface Condensers, an error appears in the printed specification requiring correction as follows: Page 2, line 54, claim 4, for the misspelled Word uncondensate read uncondensed; and that the said Letters Patent should be read With this correction therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Oflice.

Signed and. sealed this 5th day of October, A. D. 1926.

[SEAL.] 1 M. J. MOORE,-

Acting Uomrm'ssioner of Patents.

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