US1596842A - Turbine-driven locomotive - Google Patents

Description

mum tg wmm ET AL TURBINE DRIVEN LOCOMOTIVES Filed April 15, 1922 g sh t msh g 1 Aug. 17 1926. I 0 1,596,842

. v F. LJUNGSTROM ET AL TURBINE DRIVEN LOCOMOTIVE Filed April 15. 1922 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Inaentow IWZKB www Patented Aug. 17, 1926.

UNITED STATES FREDRIK LJ'UNGSTBbM, OF LIDINGO-BREVIK, AND ISITDOR BROIBERG, LIDINGON,

swnnnu, nssrenons ro AKTIEBOLAGET Lwivesrnoivrs ANGTURBIN, or

HOLIJI, SWEDEN, A CORPORATION.

s'roox- TURBINE-DRIVEN LOCOMOTIVE.

Application filed April 13, 1922, Serial No.

In turbine-driven locomotives in which the furnace draught is produced by means of a special fan or blower device driven by a turbine, difliculties have always arisen with regard to the regulation of the turbine for the most suitable furnace draught. By reason of its object, the turbine which drives the fan is an auxiliary engine which usually has to be started first, and therefore it must be driven by live steam from the boiler. As nowadays very high steam pressure is often used in the boiler, the operation of small turbines without back pressure is a disad vantage. However, in an auxiliary engine operating with back pressure, there are difficulties inutilizing the exhaust steam from the turbine in an expedient manner, in that disadvantageous variations may occur in the back pressure owing to the use of exhaust steam. Witha lower back pressure the speed of the fanturbine is evidently increased and consequently a lower back pressure should preferably be available when a greater draught is desired in the furnace.

The present invention relates to means for utilizing the exhaust steam from the fan turbine, so that a reduced back pressure is obtained when a stronger furnace draught is required, the said arrangement consisting in causing the exhaust conduit from the. turbine of the ventilator gear to communicate with the main turbine of the locomotive. and, preferably, also with a preheater for the feed water. I

In the accompanying drawings an embodiment of. the invention is illustrated. Fig. 1 shows a turbine-driven locomotive. arranged according to the present invention. Fig. 2 shows anend iew of the main turbine on an enlarged scale and Fig. 3 a section of'said main turbine. Fig. 4 is a crosssection and Fig. 5 a side view, respectively, of an oil distributing device for operating the steam supply. Fig. 6 is a cross-section of the oil pressure valve controlling the supply to the main turbine of exhaust steam from the fan turbine. Fig. 7 is a cross section of one of the nozzle valves of the main turbine. Fig. 8 is a longitudinal section of the feed water preheater. Figs. 6, and 8 are all drawn to an enlargedscale.

In Fig. 1' the reference numeral 1 designates the boiler and 2 the smoke stack of the locomotive with a fan turbine 3' arranged 552,411, and in Sweden NovemberlO, 1921.

therein in known manner. Steam is introduced from the boiler 1 into said turbine 3 through the conduit 30 and the steam. discharge conduit 4- from the fan turbine is connected with a preheater 5 for the feed water by means of piping 18 and with the main turbine 7 by means of a branch pipe 6. The preheater which is more clearly shown in Fig. 8 consists in known manner of a nest of tubes 20 communicating with headers 21 and 22. Exhaust steam from the fan turbine 3 enters the header 21'through the pipe 18, passes through the tubes 20 into the header 22 and is conducted to the con denser through the pipe 24. Feed water enters the header 22 through the pipe 23, passes around the tubes 20 and is introduced in the boiler through the pipe 25.

The main turbine 7 which is more clearly shown in Fig. 3 consists in known manner oftwo parts, viz, an action part 8 and a re.

action part 9. 10 designates openings for the steam supply, and the arrows indicate the path of the steam to the outlet 11. Arranged in the opening 10 are preferably one or more nozzles 13 for different variations in thesteam' supply. I a

In the turbine shown in Fig. 2, there are mounted five nozzles 13 in the opening 1.0. The main steam supply to the turbine takes place through the conduit 12 whence the steam isconducted around the nozzle valves 13'. These nozzle valves are opened by means of oil pressure, the oil being supplied through the pipes 14. These pipes 14: are

connected with adistributing device for the oil, said device consisting, as shown in Figs. 4: and 5, of a closed casing 50 having an adjustable valve body 51, which when turned by means of the hand wheel 52- opens a communication between one or more of the I pipes 14: leading to the oil pressure regulated nozzles 13' and the interior'of the said casing 501l12LVlIlQELI1 oil supply pipe 53. The oil is ledofE from the nozzle valves through the pipe 15. I

Such a nozzle valve 13 may be constructed in any known manner. According to Fig.

7 thevalve comprises an upper cylinderBO in which moves a piston 61 which is kept in its lowermostposition'by means of'a spring 62. In the wall oflthe cylinder there are providedtwo openings 63 and 64, the inlet opening 63 being connected with one of the draught is increased at times When the 00 large I p i An example of the construction of {the oil supply pipes 14 (see Fig. 2), Whereas the outlet Opening 6% communicates with the common oil exhaust pipe 15 (see Fig. By means ofthe valve stem 67 the piston 61 is connected to "af'valve disc '65 hearing against a valve $651366.

The operation of this valve is as follows: i

Steam is introduced through the conduit 12 (see Fig; 2) into the inlet chamber 68 arranged around the valve stem 67. Qil from the oil distributing device 50, 51 is introducedthrough a pipe ldinto the inlet openingfi? and lifts the piston 61 upwards againstthe action of the spring 2, Wherebythe valve disc 65 is lifted from ts seat 66 jsothat steaminay flouithrough the nozzle into the turbine; When the oil sup; plyis cut oil, the disc 65 is again pressed against its seat 66 under the action of the spring 62. ,7 p

In Fig. 3, G designates the end of the dischargeconduit of the tan turbine, said condui't'being a pass-inpipe tor the main turbine. The point oiitliis passing-in for the main turbine must be so selected that the pressure at this P011113, corresponds to the desired backpressure for the tan turbine.

Preferably,this pressure is lower than theba'clr.pressure prevailing in the feed Water preheater When the fan turbine exhaust passes to both the preheater band the main,

turbine, the back pressure 'ofthe fan turbine will be decreased, so that the number of revolutionsof thejfan turbine, and thus also the draught in the jurnace Will be increased, In the embodiment shown, the pipe 6 opens into the spaceb'etween the'action and the reaction turbine parts Sand 9 here a pressure lower than the admission pressureprevails, v U

From Fig. 2 it will be seen hoW the discharge pipe of-the fan turbine serves as'a pass-in pipe for the main turbine only when the; steam consumption in the main turbine is larger, ;When the third f nozzle 13?? is,

opened, the supply to the main turbine is alsoopened to the discharge steam from the fan turbine by; a branchconduit 19 eX-t tending from the ,oil supply'conduit 14 of the nozzle valve 13 to the oil pressurevalve 1 7 'in conduit 6, so that theval'ves 13 and l7 are simultaneously opened. Bv, thisarrangem'ent the discharge steam from the tanturbine is introduced into the main turbine only when three nozzles "are open for the admission of steam to'the mainturbine, it being 'thus' provided that the furnace steam consumption in the main turbine'is valved? is sl' ovvn inFig. 6. As seen 'from the figure, the valve s constructed in the same manner as onelor" the nozzle valves as The arrangement'above described is only an embodiment ofthe invention and may be subjected to numerous modifications Without changing the principle of the in-.v

vention.

NVe claim: I j

L In a steam driven locomotive, a boiler, a'main turbine for driving the locomotive, a fan device for. p'rodueingfurnace draught, an auxiliary turbine operating With back pressure for "driving said fan device, a steam consuming apparatus, means to conmet the inlet part of both said turbines with the boiler, means to connect them haust part of saidi' a'n turbine With the steam consuming apparatus, means to connect said exhaust part also with a low pressure stageo t' the main turbine, andia valve for controlling said last-mentionedmeans 2=,- In a steam-driven locomotive, a boiler, amain turbine for driving the locomotive,

a fan device for producing furnace draught,

an auxiliary turbine operating vWith back pressure for driving said fan device, a i re heater -for the; feed Water to the boiler, means to connect the j inlet part of'both said turbines with said boiler means to connect theexhaust part of said fan turbine With said ,feed water preheater, means to connect the exhaust parts-also with a low pressure stage-of the main turbine, and a valve for controlling said last' mentioned means, l

- 3. In a steam-driven locomotive, a boiler,

a main turbine for driving the locomotive,

a fan device for producing furnace draught, an auxiliary turbine operating With back pressure for driving said fan device, a steam consuming apparatus, means'to connect the inlet part-of both said turbines with the boiler, means to connect-the -ex-- haust part of said fan turbine 'With the stean1co1isu-n11ng 'apparatu's,'means to con nect'saidexhaust part also iviththe main turbineat-a point Where. the pressure is loiv'enthanthe admission pressure of the steam-consuming apparatus, and a valve for controlling saidlast-mentioned means.

14;. In a steam clriven locomotive, a boiler, a main turbine? for-driving the locomotive,

afan device for producing furnace draught, an auxiliary: turbine operating With back pressure "for; driving said fan devicefa preheater forthefeed Water to theboiler, means'to c'onnectthe inlet partof both said turbines with said boiler, means to connect the exhaust part of said fan turbine with said feed water preheater, means to connect said exhaust part also with the main turbine at a point where the pressure is lower than the admission pressure of the feed water preheater, and a. valve for controlling said last'mentioned means.

5. In a steam-driven locomotive, a boiler, a main turbine for driving the locomotive, a fan device for producing furnace draught, an auxiliary turbine operating with back pressure for driving said fan device, a steam consuming apparatus, means to connect the inlet part of both said turbines with the boiler, means to connect the ex haust part of said fan turbine with the steam consuming apparatus, meansto connect said exhaust part also with a low pressure stage of the main turbine, and a valve for controlling said last-mentioned means, said valve being controlled by the steam supply device of said main turbine.

6. In a steam-driven locomotive, a boiler, a main turbine for driving the locomotive, a plurality of nozzles for supplying steam to said turbine, a fan device for producing furnace draught, an auxiliary turbine operating with back pressure for driving said fan device, a steam consuming apparatus, means to connect the inlet part of both said turbines with the boiler, means to connect the exhaust part of said fan turbine with the steam consuming apparatus, means to connect said exhaust part also with a low pressure stage of the main turbine, and a valve for controlling said last-mentioned means, said valve being operatively connected with one of the inlet nozzles of the main turbine so that said valve and said nozzle open simultaneously.

7. In a steam-driven locomotive, a boiler, a main turbine for driving the locomotive, consisting of an action part and a reaction part, a fan device for producing furnace draught, an auxiliary turbine operating with back pressure for driving said fan device, a steam consuming apparatus, means to connect the-inlet part of both said tur bines with the boiler, means to connect the exhaust part of said fan turbine with-the steam consuming apparatus, means to connect said exhaust part also with the main turbine at the space between said action turbine part and said reaction turbine part, and a valve for controlling said last-mentioned means.

In testimony whereof we afiix our signatures.

FREDRIK LJUNGSTROM. ISIDOR BROBERG.

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