US1596733A - Tipping-off and transfer mechanism - Google Patents
Tipping-off and transfer mechanism Download PDFInfo
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- US1596733A US1596733A US718706A US71870624A US1596733A US 1596733 A US1596733 A US 1596733A US 718706 A US718706 A US 718706A US 71870624 A US71870624 A US 71870624A US 1596733 A US1596733 A US 1596733A
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- bulb
- conveyor
- tipping
- machine
- jaws
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J9/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture, installation, removal, maintenance of electric discharge tubes, discharge lamps, or parts thereof; Recovery of material from discharge tubes or lamps
- H01J9/40—Closing vessels
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S118/00—Coating apparatus
- Y10S118/03—Container-related coater
Definitions
- the resent invention relates to machines nected with the exhaust pumps for creatin for ma ing incandescent electric lamps and from a vminimum to a maximum degree o more articularly to a device for tippmg-off vacuum.
- An object of the invention is to provide the proper degree of Vacuum is attained.
- Another object of the invention is to proportion. of the exhaust tube whichremains vide a machine which may operate to locally in the tube-supporting aperture. heat a portion of an exhaust tube to sever
- the present invention pertains to mechathe same from a bulb and subsequently connism for handling and operating upon a e5 vey the bulb from the machine. lamp when it reaches the tipping-off posi-
- a further object of the invention is to tion in an exhaust machine.
- Such mechaprovide coordinating machine elements nism first gris the lamp when disposed in which will operate to perform the tippingthe tippinG-o position, lthen isslowly eleoil' and bulb transfer operations in an effecvated, as the heating continues, to effect the 70 20 tive and eficint manner in accordance with tipping-off operation, after which suitable the production standards required on such co-related machine elements are actuated to machines. remove the tipped-off lamp fromits. position
- Other objects and advantages of the inin the sealing-in machine and to convey the vention will be apparent from the following lamp to position overa suitable guide or 25 description.
- Machines for procomplishing the above recited operations 30 ducing a vacuum nl lamp bulbs are wel] may comprise what may be termed a turnlnown in the art and usually include a pump stile device including oppositely projecting having a valve consisting of a pair of disks arms mounted on a vertical shaft and adapthaving suitably disposed ducts in given ed to be rotated therewith. The arms may relative positions.
- the ducts or ports are be provided with gripping jaws and lso arconnected with intermediate passages which ranged that upon a rotary movementof the in turn, afford communication to a pluralityl shaft a given number of degrees, one pair of exhaust-tube-receiving apertures.
- These of jaws will engage with a bulb in asealingtube-receiving apertures usually comprise in machine.
- Mechanism then operates to openings in flexible tubes ofv soft rubber heat the exhaust tube and the turnstile is which constitute what may be termed tuberaised gradually to effect the tipping-ofi'l opsupporting members.
- the disk valve may eration, whereupon a rotary movement of be operated to open and close the ducts leadthe shaft a given number of degrees brings ing to the supporting ⁇ members to .succesthe lamp to position for discharge, at which sively evacuateythe several lamps positioned time mechanism operates to release 'the lamp. 95 45 in a series of supports.
- Exhaust machines of the type to which stood by reference to the accompanying the presentinvention relates may consist of drawings, in which- Y a conveyer preferably of circular form hav- Fig; 1 is a plan view of a sealing-in maing a plurality of tube-supporting members chine having the present invention applied adjacent the periphery thereof.
- the supthereto; porting members may be successively con- Fig. 2 is a fragmentary elevational view.
- Fig 3 is an enlar A sectional view taken on line III-III in ig. 2;
- Fig. 4 is a view taken on line IV-IV 1n 2 and shows the intermittent gearing, Y
- Fig. 5 is a fragmentary view of mechalamps as part of the tipping-off operation.
- the invention may be applied to a sealing-1n machine inclu ing a supporting frame 10 upon which is mounted a spider or conveyor 11, rotatable with a centrally disposed .shaft 12.
- the conveyor may:.,be rotated intermittently through the agency of the usual 'geneva movement including, a slotted disk 13 and a driving member 14.
- the drivin' member may be secured to a vertical aft 15 which in turn is secured to a Spiral gear 16 driven by a companion spiral gear 17 fastened to a horizontal shaft 18.
- the spiral gearing may each revolution of the shaft 18.
- the shaft 18 may be connected by spur gears 19 and 21 to a shaft 22 of any source of energy, as
- the shaft 18 may be suitably supported in bearings hung upon the frame 10 and ma be controlled by apin-clutch 26 operable y a treadle comprising a foot piece 27 and a link 28.
- the pin-clutch is a well known mechanism and each actuation of the same permits the shaft 18 to make a com lete revolution. Any suitable type 'of c utch may be emploed and further description thereof is not elieved to be necessary.
- the conveyor is provided with a plurality of exhaust-tube-receiving apertures 29 in which exhaust tubes 31, (see Fig. 2) of lamp bulbs 32, are inserted.
- the conveyor 11 is rotated in the direction of the arrow Y and the operator may be positioned at A to insert lamps for the exhausting operation.
- the lamp is then at position B, adjacent a rotatable member or turnstile 33 mounted on a vertical square-shaft 34.
- Th'e member 33 may comprise two oppositely projecting arms 35 and 36, each having a pair of jaws 37 and 38 mounted at the free ends thereof, respectively.
- the jaws 37 and 38 are similar in construction and operated by similar mechanism, and may comprise grippingmembers 39 and 4l mounted on pins 42 and: 43 respectively.
- the arm may ⁇ engage with a cam surface 45 suitably sitioned with respect to the rotatable mem r 33, so that when the cgripping members are tioned over a ute or guide 46 ,an o ject secured b the gripping members will be released or passage ereto.v
- the conveyor of said ma- -chine- -ma be provided with cam member 47 suitab positioned with respect to each of the ex aust-tube-receiving apertures, so that just as the lamp is moved to'position for the tipping-off operation, ⁇ arm 44 of one of the gripping members of the jaws 37 will be engaged 'by the cam surface and the jaws opened'as the conveyor moves to position a lamp therebetween, the jaws being closed as the arm 44passes from the cam 47.
- the ippin'g-members 39 and 41 may be norma y urged. to a closed position by a spring 48 having the en'ds thereof secured to said members.
- a pair of intermittent ars 49 and 51 are. provided.
- the gear 51 1s secured to a sleeve 52 (see Fig. 2), rotatable in a vertical guide bearing 53 in which the shaft 34 is centrally disposed.
- This shaft may be of rectangular cross-section and movable about its lon itudinal axis with the sleeve. 52through t e engagement. of studs 54 (see Fig. v3), the shaft being, however, movable longitudinally within the sleeve'.
- Theburners may be of the open ring or U- shape type so that the conve or may move an exhaust tube between a p urality of opositely disposed iames.
- the burner may Ee secured to a movable collar 60 at the u per end of the sleeve 52 and connected y a flexible tube 60 to a source of fuel su ply.
- the exhaust tube becomes plastlc, it is desirable to eiiect a tensional stress therein to stretch the tube and expedite the tipping-oli' operation.
- the member 33 is caused to raise.
- Mechanism for effecting an upward movement of the member 33 may comprise a lever arm 63 pivoted about a pin 64 in a suitable bearing 65 secured to the frame work or supporting structure ot the machine.
- One end of the lever is provided with an adjustable weight 66 and the opposite end 67 being forked to engage in aslotted collar 68 secured to the shaft 34.
- a stress may', theretore, be applied to the exhaust tube 31 by reason of the potential energy of the weight.
- means are provided for controlling the force resulting from the weight and such means may comprise a box cam 69 secured to the shaft 18. This cam is positioned to engage with a pin 7l extending i from the lever arm When the cam is in 'position as shown in Fig. 5, the weight 66 will operate to raise the member 33a given distance or until the pin 71 engages with a tace 72 ofthe cam. The cam being then rotated, operates to control ⁇ the upward movement of the shaft 34 as the in 7l cam. MI/)hen the burners 62 are positioned to heat the exhaust tube 3l, it is desirable that they take a predetermined position and move for a comparatively short distance as the member 33 is moved upwardly.
- an operator positioned at A may insert the exhaust tube of a lamp bulb 1n an aperture 29 of the exhaust machine.
- spiral gearing and geneva movement provided is rotated a lgiven number of degrees.
- a so-called eight-head machine is employed and the conveyor is thus moved a distance equal to one-eighth of a cycle.
- the geneva mechanism maintains it stationary and a lampis brought to position B.
- the shaft 18 operates other mechadescribed and the shaft 34 is rotated to bring the gripping members 39 and 41 toward the positioned lamp.
- the conveyor is moving to a stationary position and the arm 44 engages with the cam member 47 and the gripping members open.
- the conveyor stops and the rotatable member 33 continues to move, the arm 44 passes the cam member 47 and the jaws close.
- the intermittent gears reach a dead spot and the member 33 is maintained stationary to permit the fires to heat 'the exhaust tube, at which time the weight 63 is free to act, owing to the position of the cam 69 and the member 33 is raised, stretching the plastic portion of the exhaust tube to effect the tipping-citi ⁇ operation.
- This tipping-od operation is predetermined and when the same is edected, the teeth 'of the intermittent gears will again mesh and the bulb will be carried from the sealin -in machine to position over the chute 46 an the arm 44 of the gripping members will engage with the cam surface 45 and the bulb will be released.
- the geneva mechanism will operate to rotatethe conveyor to position another bulb for the tipping-off o eration and the foregoing movements o the various elements will be repeated.
- the present invention provides a machine which combines the operation of tipping-oli' a bulb and automatically removing a tipped-oil' lamp from a sealing-1n machine and the machine opaperture, it is free -ber 33 begins to remove the bulb from the erates to transfer such lamp either to another machine or to a hopper.
- a transfer device for an incandescent electric lamp, exhaust and tipping-o machine comprising means for engagin a bulb during a tipping-ofi operation an means for automatically transporting an engaged bulb from the machine.
- a transfer device for an incandescent electric lamp, exhaust and tippin -off machine comprising gripping jaws or lsecuring a bulb during a tipping-oil: ⁇ operation and means for transporting the gripped .bulb from the machine.
- a transfer device for incandescent electric lamps comprising means for tipping-off a bulb, means for engaging and raising the bulb during a tipping-Gif operation and means for vautomatically transportinuai engaged tipped-oil bulb from the ma e 4.
- a machine for tipping-off and transferring an incandescent electric lamp comprising tipping-0H mechanism, means for gripping a bulb during a tipping-off operation and means for automatically transporting the gripped bulb from the machine.
- a machine for. tipping-off and transferring an incandescent electric lamp comprising means for tipping-off a bulb, means for supporting the bulb during the tippingoi operation and means for moving the supporting means to transport a tipped-oli' lamp from said machine.
- a machine for tipping-off and transferring incandescentelectric lamp bulbs comprisin a rotatable carrier, a bulb conveyor positioned in operative relation to said carrier, means associated with said car- Yrier .for securing a bulb Ipositioned I4for' a Vtippmgo operationand means for rotating the carrier to remove a tipped-o6? bulb from said conveyor.
- a machine for tip ing-ofi and transferrin incandescent eFectric lamp bulbs comprising a conveyor in combination with a rotatable member having a lurality of gripping mechanisms associated therewith an positioned in operative relation to said conveyor, means for actuating said mechanisms to simultaneousl grip a bulb positioned for a tipping-o o eration, means for transporting the tippe -o' bulb lfrom huxbmaclnne and means for lreleasing the 1Q.
- a machine for tipping-off and transferrin .incandescent electric lam bulbs comprising a conveyor in combination with a rpta'table member having a plurality of radially disposed arms, a air of gri pin jaws positioned at the en -of each o sai arms, means for moving said member and opening said jaws lto embrace a bulb supported in said conveyor for a ti ping-eti operation, means for actuating sai jaws to .secure said bulb, means for moving said member to remove said bulb from the conveyor and means for opening said jaws to release the bulb.
- a lamp-making mechanism the combination with an exhaust machine havn ing a conveyor, a pluralit of exhaust-tubereceiving apertures in sai conveyor, means for intermittently moving said conveyor, a bulb tipping-0H and transfer mechanism positione adjacent said conveyor comprisinga rotatable member having'a plurality of pairs'of gripping jaws to receive bulbs, means for tipping-off bulbs supported in said conveyor and means for krotating said mber to remove tipped-oif bulbs there- 12.
- a tipping-0E and transfer device the combination with an exhaust machine having a conveyor, a plurality of exhausttube-receiving apertures in said conveyor, means for intermittently moving said4 conveyor, a ⁇ bulb tipping-0H and transfer mechanism positioned adjacent said conveyor and comprising a rotatable member having a plurality of pairs of gripping jaws to receive bulbs, means for tipping-oil. said bulbs, means for rotating said member to remove tipped-oit bulbs from said conveyor and means for releasing bulbs when moved from the conveyor.
- a conveyor having eXhaust-tube-receiving apertures, a rotatable carrier having jaws to receive lamp bulbs, means for ac,- tuating said carrier to position a lampv between said jaws, means for rendering plastic Sti' , from the conveyor,
- v ping means positioned at the a portion of the exhaust tube of a bulb- A supported in said conveyor, means for raismg said carrier to elongate said plastic portion to sever-'said exhaust tube and means for actuating said carrier to receive said bulb from sald conveyor.
- a conveyor having exhaust-tube-receiving apertures, a rotatable carrier having jaws to receive lamp bulbs supported in said conveyor, means for actuating said jaws to grip a bulb, means for rendering plastic a portion of the exhaust tube of said bulb, means for raising said carrier to elongate said plastic portion to sever said exhaust tube, a chute for guiding bulbs away from said device, means for actuating said carrier to position the bulb over said chute and means for releasing said bulb.
- a conveyor having exhaust-tube-receiving apertures, a rotatable member having arms, gripend of each of said arms, means for actuating said member to move said gripping-means toward a bulb positioned in said conveyor, means upon said conveyor cooperating with said arm to operate said gripping-means to receive and secure a lamp, means for tipping-off said bulb and means for moving said bulb from said conveyor.
- a conveyor having exhaust-tube-receiving apertures, a rotatable member having arms, gripping-means positioned at the end of each of said arms, means for actuating said member to move said gripping-means toward a bulb positioned in said conveyor, means upon said conveyor cooperating with said arm to operate sald gripping-means to receive and secure a bulb, means for tipping-off said bulb, means for moving said bulb from said conveyor and means for operating said gripping-means to release sald bulb.
- conveyor having exha-ust-tube-receiving apertures, a rotatable member having arms, a pair of jaws positioned at the end of each of said arms, means for actuating said member to move said jaws toward a lamp positioned in said conveyor, means upon said conveyor cooperating with said arm to open and close said jaws to receive and grip a lamp, means for tipping-od said lamp and means for moving said lamp from said conveyor.
- a conveyor having exhaust-tube-receiving apertures, a rotatable member having arms, gripping-means positioned at the end of each of said arms, means for actuating said member to move said gripping-means toward a bulb positioned in said conveyor, means upon said conveyor cooperating with said arm to operate said gripping-means to receive and secure a bulb, means for tipping-off said bulb, ineans for moving saidbulb from said conveyor and means for actuating said jaws to release a bulb.
- a conveyor having exhaust-tube-receiving apertures, a rotatable member having arms, .gripping means positioned at the end of each of said arms, means for actuating'said member to move said gripping-means toward a bulb positioned in said conveyor, 'means upon said conveyor cooperating with said arm t0 operate Isaid gripping-means to receive and secure a bulb, means for tipping-ofi said bulb, means for moving said bulb from said conveyor, means for actuating said jaws to release a bulb and means for removing said bulb from said tipping-olf and transfer mechanism.
- a machine for exhausting incandescent electric lamp bulbs the combination with tipping-off and conveyor having exhaust-tube-receiving apertures, a rotatable-member having arms, a pair of jaws at the end of each of said arms, means for actuating said member to move said jaws toward a bulb yhaving the exhaust tube rthereof positioned in an aperture of' said conveyor, means upon said conveyor for actuating said jaws to grip a bulb, a heating element to render plastic a portion of said exhaust tube, means for raising said rotatable member to Stretch the plastic portion of said tube, means for effecting an upward movement of said heating element during said stretching operation, means for limiting said movement, means for actuatin said rotatable-member to remove a bulb rom said conveyor and means for releasing said bulb.
- a conveyor having exhaust-tube receiving apertures, a rotatable-member having arms, a pair of jaws at the end of each of said arms, means for actuating said member to lmove said jaws toward a bulb having the exhaust tube thereof positioned in an aperture of said conveyor, means upon said conveyor for actuating said jaws to grip a bulb, a heating element to render plastic a portion of said exhaust tube, means for raising said rotatable member to stretch the plastic portion of said tube, means for effecting an upward movement of said heating element yduring said stretching operation, means for ve'iliiniting said movement, means for actuating said rotatable-member to remove a bulb om said conveyor, means 'tfor releasing said bulb and means for moving the bulb *away ffrom the tipping-oft' and transfer mechanism,
- a conveyor having means to support bulbs by the exhaust tubes thereof, a rotatable memberhaving arms, a pair of jaws at the'end transfer mechanism, a
- a machine for exhausting incandescent electric lamp bulbs including a bulb conveyor, means for intermittently rotating said conveyor, a rotatable-member having a plurality of bulb-gripping devices mounted thereon in spaced relation, means for'operating said bulb conveyor and said rotatable-member in timed relation to position a bulb in operative relation to one of said devices, means for actuating said device to secure a positioned bul-b and means for moving said bulb from said conveyor.
- a machine for exhausting incandescent electric lamp bulbs including a bulb conveyor, means for intermittently rotating said conveyor, a rotatable-member having a plurality of bulb-gripping devices mounted thereon in spaced relation, means for operating said bulb conveyor and said rotatable-member in timed relation to position a bulb in operative relation to one of said devices, means for actuating said de vice to secure a positioned bulb, means for moving said bulb from said conveyor, and means disposed adjacent to the path of said conveyor and cooperating with said device to release said bulb.
- a machine for exhausting incandescent electric lamp bulbs including a bulb conveyor, means for intermittently rotating said conveyor, a rotatable-member having a plurality of bulb-gripping. devices mounted thereon in spaced relation, means for operating said bulb conveyor and said rotatablea bulb in operative relation to one o f said devices, means upon said conveyor cooperating with saiddevice to secure a bulb, means for re moving the bulb from the conveyor and means for releasing the bulb,
- the combination with mechanism including a bulb conveyor, means for intermittently rotating said oonveyor, a rotatable-member having a plurality of bulb-gripping devices mounted' thereon in spaced relation, means for operfor releasing the bulb and means for Aguidatmg said bulb conveyor and said rotatableing said bulb away *from said device.
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- Manufacture Of Electron Tubes, Discharge Lamp Vessels, Lead-In Wires, And The Like (AREA)
Description
Aug. 17 1926. 1,596,733
J. J. HIGGINS v TIPPING-OFF AND TRANSFER MECHANISM 'Filed June 9, 1924' 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 NVENTOR JOHN J, HIGGINS ATTORNEY emersa Aug-17,1926.. I 1,596,733
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.'
JOHN JOSEPH HIGGDIS, F EAST ORANGE, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO WESTING- HOUSE LAMP COMPANY, A CORPORATIOT OF PENNSYLVANIA.
i TPPINGQFF .LND TRAN :R MECHANISM.
. Application led June 9,1924. Serial No. 718,706.
'The resent invention relates to machines nected with the exhaust pumps for creatin for ma ing incandescent electric lamps and from a vminimum to a maximum degree o more articularly to a device for tippmg-off vacuum. lThus the exhaust tube of a lamp an ex aust ,tube from an evacua-ted bulb bulb is disposed in a tube-supporting aper 55 and transferring the bulb for discharge from ture or member and thebulb is subjected to the machine. several evacuating operations until finally An object of the invention is to provide the proper degree of Vacuum is attained. a device for the expeditious and automatic It then becomes necessar to' perform what performance of the tipping-off and bulb is termed the tipping-o operation to s eal so l0 transfer operations. the bulb and remove the same from the lower Another object of the invention is to proportion. of the exhaust tube whichremains vide a machine which may operate to locally in the tube-supporting aperture. heat a portion of an exhaust tube to sever The present invention pertains to mechathe same from a bulb and subsequently connism for handling and operating upon a e5 vey the bulb from the machine. lamp when it reaches the tipping-off posi- A further object of the invention is to tion in an exhaust machine. Such mechaprovide coordinating machine elements nism first gris the lamp when disposed in which will operate to perform the tippingthe tippinG-o position, lthen isslowly eleoil' and bulb transfer operations in an effecvated, as the heating continues, to effect the 70 20 tive and eficint manner in accordance with tipping-off operation, after which suitable the production standards required on such co-related machine elements are actuated to machines. remove the tipped-off lamp fromits. position Other objects and advantages of the inin the sealing-in machine and to convey the vention will be apparent from the following lamp to position overa suitable guide or 25 description. chute whereupon the lamp is released for The manufacture of incandescent electric conveyance 'by gravity or otherwise away lamps includes an operation known as exfrom the machine. hausting in which the lamp bulb is evacu- More specifically, the mechanism for vacated to a given de ee. Machines for procomplishing the above recited operations 30 ducing a vacuum nl lamp bulbs are wel] may comprise what may be termed a turnlnown in the art and usually include a pump stile device including oppositely projecting having a valve consisting of a pair of disks arms mounted on a vertical shaft and adapthaving suitably disposed ducts in given ed to be rotated therewith. The arms may relative positions. The ducts or ports are be provided with gripping jaws and lso arconnected with intermediate passages which ranged that upon a rotary movementof the in turn, afford communication to a pluralityl shaft a given number of degrees, one pair of exhaust-tube-receiving apertures. These of jaws will engage with a bulb in asealingtube-receiving apertures usually comprise in machine. Mechanism then operates to openings in flexible tubes ofv soft rubber heat the exhaust tube and the turnstile is which constitute what may be termed tuberaised gradually to effect the tipping-ofi'l opsupporting members. The disk valve may eration, whereupon a rotary movement of be operated to open and close the ducts leadthe shaft a given number of degrees brings ing to the supporting `members to .succesthe lamp to position for discharge, at which sively evacuateythe several lamps positioned time mechanism operates to release 'the lamp. 95 45 in a series of supports. The invention will be more 'fully under= Exhaust machines of the type to which stood by reference to the accompanying the presentinvention relates may consist of drawings, in which- Y a conveyer preferably of circular form hav- Fig; 1 is a plan view of a sealing-in maing a plurality of tube-supporting members chine having the present invention applied adjacent the periphery thereof. The supthereto; porting members may be successively con- Fig. 2 is a fragmentary elevational view.
Yns
insign;
' nism for lifting the partly 'in section, showin tht 1, viewed in theA direction of the arrow ,Fig 3 is an enlar A sectional view taken on line III-III in ig. 2;
Fig. 4 is a view taken on line IV-IV 1n 2 and shows the intermittent gearing, Y
Fig. 5 is a fragmentary view of mechalamps as part of the tipping-off operation.
As illustrated in Fig.-12 the invention ma be applied to a sealing-1n machine inclu ing a supporting frame 10 upon which is mounted a spider or conveyor 11, rotatable with a centrally disposed .shaft 12. The conveyor may:.,be rotated intermittently through the agency of the usual 'geneva movement including, a slotted disk 13 and a driving member 14. The drivin' member may be secured to a vertical aft 15 which in turn is secured to a Spiral gear 16 driven by a companion spiral gear 17 fastened to a horizontal shaft 18. The spiral gearing may each revolution of the shaft 18. The shaft 18 may be connected by spur gears 19 and 21 to a shaft 22 of any source of energy, as
for example a motor, not shown. The shaft 18 may be suitably supported in bearings hung upon the frame 10 and ma be controlled by apin-clutch 26 operable y a treadle comprising a foot piece 27 and a link 28. The pin-clutch is a well known mechanism and each actuation of the same permits the shaft 18 to make a com lete revolution. Any suitable type 'of c utch may be emploed and further description thereof is not elieved to be necessary.
. The conveyor is provided with a plurality of exhaust-tube-receiving apertures 29 in which exhaust tubes 31, (see Fig. 2) of lamp bulbs 32, are inserted. The conveyor 11 is rotated in the direction of the arrow Y and the operator may be positioned at A to insert lamps for the exhausting operation. When the conveyor has made a cycle and the exhausting operation is completed, the lamp is then at position B, adjacent a rotatable member or turnstile 33 mounted on a vertical square-shaft 34. Th'e member 33 may comprise two oppositely projecting arms 35 and 36, each having a pair of jaws 37 and 38 mounted at the free ends thereof, respectively. The jaws 37 and 38 are similar in construction and operated by similar mechanism, and may comprise grippingmembers 39 and 4l mounted on pins 42 and: 43 respectively.
The gripping-member 41 is provided with a hub 40 having teeth to engage with teeth on huh 41 of the gripping member 39, thus be of one to one ratio to'eiecta complete revolution of the shaft 15 with y a rotation vof one of the hubs will efect a movement of the op 'te one land the i ping members may mpened or closed.gr fn order to automatlcally o the said =grippixg members, the mem r 39 is provided wi an arm 44. The arm may `engage with a cam surface 45 suitably sitioned with respect to the rotatable mem r 33, so that when the cgripping members are tioned over a ute or guide 46 ,an o ject secured b the gripping members will be released or passage ereto.v
For the purpose of opening the jaws 37 u to receive a lamp bulb positioned in the exhausting machine, the conveyor of said ma- -chine- -ma be provided with cam member 47 suitab positioned with respect to each of the ex aust-tube-receiving apertures, so that just as the lamp is moved to'position for the tipping-off operation,` arm 44 of one of the gripping members of the jaws 37 will be engaged 'by the cam surface and the jaws opened'as the conveyor moves to position a lamp therebetween, the jaws being closed as the arm 44passes from the cam 47. The ippin'g- members 39 and 41 may be norma y urged. to a closed position by a spring 48 having the en'ds thereof secured to said members.
The foregoing description sets forth the movements required vof the turnstile member to grip and transfer a bulb. Mechanism for transmitting various operations 1s interposed between the shaft 18 and the vertical shaft 34, upon which the turnstile or rotatable member 33 is mounted.
For the purpose of alternately rotating and stopping the member 33,- a pair of intermittent ars 49 and 51 are. provided. The gear 51 1s secured to a sleeve 52 (see Fig. 2), rotatable in a vertical guide bearing 53 in which the shaft 34 is centrally disposed. This shaft may be of rectangular cross-section and movable about its lon itudinal axis with the sleeve. 52through t e engagement. of studs 54 (see Fig. v3), the shaft being, however, movable longitudinally within the sleeve'.
As shownin Fig. 1, motion is transmitted to the sleeve 52 from the shaft 18 through the agency of beveled gears 55 and ,56, shaft 57, beveled gear 58 and a beveled gear 59 which is secured tov shaft 6l upon. which the driver gear 49 of the intermittent ears is mounted. The toothed portions o the intermittent. gears may bc so arranged that Athey will operate in the proper timed relation to the operation of the conveyor 11 to bring the gripping members 39 and 41 about a bulb. When the members are so positioned, a gas burner 62 of any suitable type may be 'provided and so positioned as to direct flames upon the exhaust tube 31.
motion to effect these- Theburners may be of the open ring or U- shape type so that the conve or may move an exhaust tube between a p urality of opositely disposed iames. The burner may Ee secured to a movable collar 60 at the u per end of the sleeve 52 and connected y a flexible tube 60 to a source of fuel su ply. As the exhaust tube becomes plastlc, it is desirable to eiiect a tensional stress therein to stretch the tube and expedite the tipping-oli' operation. For this purpose, the member 33 is caused to raise.
Mechanism for effecting an upward movement of the member 33 may comprise a lever arm 63 pivoted about a pin 64 in a suitable bearing 65 secured to the frame work or supporting structure ot the machine. One end of the lever is provided with an adjustable weight 66 and the opposite end 67 being forked to engage in aslotted collar 68 secured to the shaft 34. A stress may', theretore, be applied to the exhaust tube 31 by reason of the potential energy of the weight.
owever, means are provided for controlling the force resulting from the weight and such means may comprise a box cam 69 secured to the shaft 18. This cam is positioned to engage with a pin 7l extending i from the lever arm When the cam is in 'position as shown in Fig. 5, the weight 66 will operate to raise the member 33a given distance or until the pin 71 engages with a tace 72 ofthe cam. The cam being then rotated, operates to control`the upward movement of the shaft 34 as the in 7l cam. MI/)hen the burners 62 are positioned to heat the exhaust tube 3l, it is desirable that they take a predetermined position and move for a comparatively short distance as the member 33 is moved upwardly. This is accomplished by mounting the burners on the ring or collar 60 slidably fitted to the .upper end of the sleeves A spring 74 is provided to normally urge the ring and member 33 is in its lowest position. 'However, a set screw 75 projecting from an oset portion 76 on the member 33 engages with the ring 6() and maintains the burners in proper relation to an exhaust tube.' As the member 33 is raised, the burners under the action of the spring 74, also moveupwardly. This movement is, however, arrested by a stop member 77 adjustably secured to the guide bearing 53. The member 33 may then lift the bulb tipped ofi' end of the exhaust tube may clear the burners to permit a rotary movement of the member 33 in transporting the bulb from the sealing-in machine. When a bulb has been tipped-oli', the lower ,remaining section of the tube will be left in the con- .veyor At the time the conveyor moves the .msm above traverses the face 72 of theburners upwardly when thein order that the' wastesection of the exhaust tube from the tipping-ofi' osiion, the burner will be raised to permit t e ree passage ot this section, however, since the section is held in a flexible exhaust socket or` to be sli htly rocked if the burner contacts therewit when the conveyor is moved.
The operation of the machine is as follows:
In practice,
an operator positioned at A may insert the exhaust tube of a lamp bulb 1n an aperture 29 of the exhaust machine.
e pin clutch mechanism is then operated and the shaft 18 permitted to make a complete revolution. During this revolution of the shaft 18, the conveyor, by reason of the.
spiral gearing and geneva movement provided, is rotated a lgiven number of degrees.
In the presentembodiment of the invention, a so-called eight-head machine is employed and the conveyor is thus moved a distance equal to one-eighth of a cycle. When the conveyor moves one-eighth'of its movement, the geneva mechanism maintains it stationary and a lampis brought to position B. During Vthe movement of the conveyor, the shaft 18 operates other mechadescribed and the shaft 34 is rotated to bring the gripping members 39 and 41 toward the positioned lamp. As the members move into place, the conveyor is moving to a stationary position and the arm 44 engages with the cam member 47 and the gripping members open. The conveyor then stops and the rotatable member 33 continues to move, the arm 44 passes the cam member 47 and the jaws close. At this time, the intermittent gears reach a dead spot and the member 33 is maintained stationary to permit the fires to heat 'the exhaust tube, at which time the weight 63 is free to act, owing to the position of the cam 69 and the member 33 is raised, stretching the plastic portion of the exhaust tube to effect the tipping-citi` operation. p This tipping-od operation is predetermined and when the same is edected, the teeth 'of the intermittent gears will again mesh and the bulb will be carried from the sealin -in machine to position over the chute 46 an the arm 44 of the gripping members will engage with the cam surface 45 and the bulb will be released. At the time the memsealing-in machine, the geneva mechanism will operate to rotatethe conveyor to position another bulb for the tipping-off o eration and the foregoing movements o the various elements will be repeated.
It will be appreciated that the present invention'provides a machine which combines the operation of tipping-oli' a bulb and automatically removing a tipped-oil' lamp from a sealing-1n machine and the machine opaperture, it is free -ber 33 begins to remove the bulb from the erates to transfer such lamp either to another machine or to a hopper.
- Considerable advanta e is derived from the invention as above described, inasmuch as it expedites the production of lamps and effects an economy in manual -operations, which are important factors in the lamp art.
Although a preferred embodiment ofthe invention is shown and described herein, it is to be understood that modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as set forth in the appended claims.
What is claimed is 1. A transfer device for an incandescent electric lamp, exhaust and tipping-o machine comprising means for engagin a bulb during a tipping-ofi operation an means for automatically transporting an engaged bulb from the machine.
2. A transfer device for an incandescent electric lamp, exhaust and tippin -off machine comprising gripping jaws or lsecuring a bulb during a tipping-oil:` operation and means for transporting the gripped .bulb from the machine. A
3. A transfer device for incandescent electric lamps comprising means for tipping-off a bulb, means for engaging and raising the bulb during a tipping-Gif operation and means for vautomatically transportinuai engaged tipped-oil bulb from the ma e 4. A machine for tipping-off and transferring an incandescent electric lamp comprising tipping-0H mechanism, means for gripping a bulb during a tipping-off operation and means for automatically transporting the gripped bulb from the machine.
5. A machine for tipping-oil? and transferring an incandescent electric lamp comJy prising tipping-ofi.' mechanism, grippingmeans for securing a bulb during a tippingoff operation and means for moving the gripping means to transport a tipped-off bulb from the machine.
'6. A machine for. tipping-off and transferring an incandescent electric lamp comprising means for tipping-off a bulb, means for supporting the bulb during the tippingoi operation and means for moving the supporting means to transport a tipped-oli' lamp from said machine.
7. A machine for tipping-off and transferring an incandescent electric lamp com- .prising means for tipping-ofi a bulb, means for gripping a bulb uring the tipping-oil operation and means for actuating said gripping means to transport a tipped-oil' bulb Jfrom said machine.
8. A machine for tipping-off and transferring incandescentelectric lamp bulbs comprisin a rotatable carrier, a bulb conveyor positioned in operative relation to said carrier, means associated with said car- Yrier .for securing a bulb Ipositioned I4for' a Vtippmgo operationand means for rotating the carrier to remove a tipped-o6? bulb from said conveyor. e
9. A machine for tip ing-ofi and transferrin incandescent eFectric lamp bulbs comprising a conveyor in combination with a rotatable member having a lurality of gripping mechanisms associated therewith an positioned in operative relation to said conveyor, means for actuating said mechanisms to simultaneousl grip a bulb positioned for a tipping-o o eration, means for transporting the tippe -o' bulb lfrom huxbmaclnne and means for lreleasing the 1Q. A machine for tipping-off and transferrin .incandescent electric lam bulbs comprising a conveyor in combination with a rpta'table member having a plurality of radially disposed arms, a air of gri pin jaws positioned at the en -of each o sai arms, means for moving said member and opening said jaws lto embrace a bulb supported in said conveyor for a ti ping-eti operation, means for actuating sai jaws to .secure said bulb, means for moving said member to remove said bulb from the conveyor and means for opening said jaws to release the bulb.
11. In a lamp-making mechanism the combination with an exhaust machine havn ing a conveyor, a pluralit of exhaust-tubereceiving apertures in sai conveyor, means for intermittently moving said conveyor, a bulb tipping-0H and transfer mechanism positione adjacent said conveyor comprisinga rotatable member having'a plurality of pairs'of gripping jaws to receive bulbs, means for tipping-off bulbs supported in said conveyor and means for krotating said mber to remove tipped-oif bulbs there- 12. In a tipping-0E and transfer device the combination with an exhaust machine having a conveyor, a plurality of exhausttube-receiving apertures in said conveyor, means for intermittently moving said4 conveyor, a` bulb tipping-0H and transfer mechanism positioned adjacent said conveyor and comprising a rotatable member having a plurality of pairs of gripping jaws to receive bulbs, means for tipping-oil. said bulbs, means for rotating said member to remove tipped-oit bulbs from said conveyor and means for releasing bulbs when moved from the conveyor. Y
13. In a machine for exhausting incandescent electric lamp bulbs, the combination with-tipping-oi and transfer mechanism, a conveyor having eXhaust-tube-receiving apertures, a rotatable carrier having jaws to receive lamp bulbs, means for ac,- tuating said carrier to position a lampv between said jaws, means for rendering plastic Sti' , from the conveyor,
v ping means positioned at the a portion of the exhaust tube of a bulb- A supported in said conveyor, means for raismg said carrier to elongate said plastic portion to sever-'said exhaust tube and means for actuating said carrier to receive said bulb from sald conveyor.
a 14.- In a machine for exhaustin incandescent electric lamp bulbs, the com ination with tipping-ofi' and transfer mechanism, a conveyor having exhaust-tube-receiving apertures, a rotatable carrierhaving jaws to receive lamp bulbs, means for actuatin said carrier to position a lamp supported in said conveyor between said jaws, means for rendering plastic a portion of the exhaust tube of said bulb, means for raising said carrier to elongate said plastic portion to sever said exhaust tube, means for actuating said carrier to remove said bulb and means for releasing said removed bulb.
15. In a machine for exhausting incandescent electric lamp bulbs, the combination with tipping-off and transfer mechanism, a conveyor having exhaust-tube-receiving apertures, a rotatable carrier having jaws to receive lamp bulbs supported in said conveyor, means for actuating said jaws to grip a bulb, means for rendering plastic a portion of the exhaust tube of said bulb, means for raising said carrier to elongate said plastic portion to sever said exhaust tube, a chute for guiding bulbs away from said device, means for actuating said carrier to position the bulb over said chute and means for releasing said bulb.
16. In a machine for exhausting incan-` descent electric lamp bulbs, the combination with tipping-off and transfer mechanism, a conveyor having exhaust-tube-receiving apertures, a rotatable member having arms, gripend of each of said arms, means for actuating said member to move said gripping-means toward a bulb positioned in said conveyor, means upon said conveyor cooperating with said arm to operate said gripping-means to receive and secure a lamp, means for tipping-off said bulb and means for moving said bulb from said conveyor.
17. In a machine for exhausting incandescent electric lamp bulbs, the combination with tipping-off and transfer mechanism, a conveyor having exhaust-tube-receiving apertures, a rotatable member having arms, gripping-means positioned at the end of each of said arms, means for actuating said member to move said gripping-means toward a bulb positioned in said conveyor, means upon said conveyor cooperating with said arm to operate sald gripping-means to receive and secure a bulb, means for tipping-off said bulb, means for moving said bulb from said conveyor and means for operating said gripping-means to release sald bulb.
descent 'electric'lam'p bulbs, the combination f with t1pping-off and transfer mechanism, a conveyor having exhaust-tube-receiving apertures, a rotatable member having arms, gripping-means positioned at the end of each of sald arms, means for actuating said member to move said gripping-means toward a bulb posltloned in said conveyor, means upon said conveyor cooperating with said arm to operate sald gripping-means to receive and secure a' bulb, a chute, means for tipping-oli a bulb, means for moving said bulb'over said'chute and means for along the chute.
19. In a `machine for exhausting incandescent electric lamp bulbs, the combination with tipping-od 'and transfer mechanism, a
conveyor having exha-ust-tube-receiving apertures, a rotatable member having arms, a pair of jaws positioned at the end of each of said arms, means for actuating said member to move said jaws toward a lamp positioned in said conveyor, means upon said conveyor cooperating with said arm to open and close said jaws to receive and grip a lamp, means for tipping-od said lamp and means for moving said lamp from said conveyor.
20. Ina machine Afor exhausting incandescent electric lamp bulbs, the combination with tipping-0E and transfer mechanism, a conveyor having exhaust-tube-receiving apertures, a rotatable member having arms, gripping-means positioned at the end of each of said arms, means for actuating said member to move said gripping-means toward a bulb positioned in said conveyor, means upon said conveyor cooperating with said arm to operate said gripping-means to receive and secure a bulb, means for tipping-off said bulb, ineans for moving saidbulb from said conveyor and means for actuating said jaws to release a bulb.
2l. In a machine for exhausting incandescent electric lamp bulbs, the combination with tipping-olf and transfer mechanism, a conveyor having exhaust-tube-receiving apertures, a rotatable member having arms, .gripping means positioned at the end of each of said arms, means for actuating'said member to move said gripping-means toward a bulb positioned in said conveyor, 'means upon said conveyor cooperating with said arm t0 operate Isaid gripping-means to receive and secure a bulb, means for tipping-ofi said bulb, means for moving said bulb from said conveyor, means for actuating said jaws to release a bulb and means for removing said bulb from said tipping-olf and transfer mechanism.
22. In a machine for exhausting incandescent electric lamp bulbs, the combination with tipping-ofi and transfer mechanism, a
conveyor having exhaust-tube-receiving apertures, a rotatable-member having arms, a
releasing the bulbfor passage pair of jaws at the ends of each of said arms, means for actuating said member to move said jaws toward a bulb having the exhaust tube thereof positioned in an aperture of said conveyor, means upon said conveyor for actuating said jaws to grip a bulb, a heatin element to render plastica portion of sai exhaust tube, means for raising said rotatable member to stretch the plastic portion of said tube, means for effecting an upward movement of said heating element during said stretchingoperation, means for limiting said movement and means for actuating said rotatable-member to remove a bulb from said conveyor.
23. In a machine for exhausting incandescent electric lamp bulbs, the combination with tipping-off and conveyor having exhaust-tube-receiving apertures, a rotatable-member having arms, a pair of jaws at the end of each of said arms, means for actuating said member to move said jaws toward a bulb yhaving the exhaust tube rthereof positioned in an aperture of' said conveyor, means upon said conveyor for actuating said jaws to grip a bulb, a heating element to render plastic a portion of said exhaust tube, means for raising said rotatable member to Stretch the plastic portion of said tube, means for effecting an upward movement of said heating element during said stretching operation, means for limiting said movement, means for actuatin said rotatable-member to remove a bulb rom said conveyor and means for releasing said bulb.
24. In a machine for exhausting incandescent; electric lamp bulbs, the combination with tipping-off and transfer mechanism, a conveyor having exhaust-tube receiving apertures, a rotatable-member having arms, a pair of jaws at the end of each of said arms, means for actuating said member to lmove said jaws toward a bulb having the exhaust tube thereof positioned in an aperture of said conveyor, means upon said conveyor for actuating said jaws to grip a bulb, a heating element to render plastic a portion of said exhaust tube, means for raising said rotatable member to stretch the plastic portion of said tube, means for effecting an upward movement of said heating element yduring said stretching operation, means for ve'iliiniting said movement, means for actuating said rotatable-member to remove a bulb om said conveyor, means 'tfor releasing said bulb and means for moving the bulb *away ffrom the tipping-oft' and transfer mechanism,
25. In a machine for exhausting incandescent electric lamp bulbs, the combination with tipping-off and transfer mechanism, a conveyor having means to support bulbs by the exhaust tubes thereof, a rotatable memberhaving arms, a pair of jaws at the'end transfer mechanism, a
, member in timed relation to position of each of said arms, means for actuating said `member to move said jaws toward a. bulb positioned in said conveyor, means upon said conveyor for actuating said jaws to receive and grip a bulb, a heating element to render plastic a portion of the exhaust tube of the bulb, means for raising said rotatable member to stretch the plastic portion of said tube, means for effecting an upward movement of said heating element during said stretching operation, means for limiting said movement, means for actuating said member to remove a bulb from said conveyor, and means for releasing said bulb and a chu-te for conveying released bulbs from 'said mechanism.
26. In a machine for exhausting incandescent electric lamp bulbs, the combination with mechanism including a bulb conveyor, means for intermittently rotating said conveyor, a rotatable-member having a plurality of bulb-gripping devices mounted thereon in spaced relation, means for'operating said bulb conveyor and said rotatable-member in timed relation to position a bulb in operative relation to one of said devices, means for actuating said device to secure a positioned bul-b and means for moving said bulb from said conveyor.
27. In a machine for exhausting incandescent electric lamp bulbs, the combination with mechanism including a bulb conveyor, means for intermittently rotating said conveyor, a rotatable-member having a plurality of bulb-gripping devices mounted thereon in spaced relation, means for operating said bulb conveyor and said rotatable-member in timed relation to position a bulb in operative relation to one of said devices, means for actuating said de vice to secure a positioned bulb, means for moving said bulb from said conveyor, and means disposed adjacent to the path of said conveyor and cooperating with said device to release said bulb.
28. In a machine for exhausting incandescent electric lamp bulbs, the combination with mechanism including a bulb conveyor, means for intermittently rotating said conveyor, a rotatable-member having a plurality of bulb-gripping. devices mounted thereon in spaced relation, means for operating said bulb conveyor and said rotatablea bulb in operative relation to one o f said devices, means upon said conveyor cooperating with saiddevice to secure a bulb, means for re moving the bulb from the conveyor and means for releasing the bulb,
29. In a machine for exhausting incandescent electric lamp bulbs, the combination with mechanism including a bulb conveyor, means for intermittently rotating said oonveyor, a rotatable-member having a plurality of bulb-gripping devices mounted' thereon in spaced relation, means for operfor releasing the bulb and means for Aguidatmg said bulb conveyor and said rotatableing said bulb away *from said device.
memberintimed relation to position a bulb In Vtestimony A whereof, r I have hereunto 10 in operative relation to one of said devices, subscribed my name this seventh day of 5 means upon said conveyor coopegatin withifJune 1924. l said device -to secure a bulb, means or removing the bulb from the conveyor, means v JOHN JOSEPH HIGGINS.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US718706A US1596733A (en) | 1924-06-09 | 1924-06-09 | Tipping-off and transfer mechanism |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US718706A US1596733A (en) | 1924-06-09 | 1924-06-09 | Tipping-off and transfer mechanism |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US1596733A true US1596733A (en) | 1926-08-17 |
Family
ID=24887164
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US718706A Expired - Lifetime US1596733A (en) | 1924-06-09 | 1924-06-09 | Tipping-off and transfer mechanism |
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Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2420299A (en) * | 1941-07-07 | 1947-05-13 | Alvin A Campbell | Transfer mechanism |
US2425292A (en) * | 1945-12-11 | 1947-08-12 | Carl J Mccoy | Pipe handling apparatus |
US2570660A (en) * | 1945-04-06 | 1951-10-09 | Jones & Lamson Mach Co | Transfer mechanism |
US2623650A (en) * | 1947-08-09 | 1952-12-30 | Philip S Allen | Film transporting mechanism for automatic photographic apparatus |
US2634552A (en) * | 1949-01-10 | 1953-04-14 | Fairmount Glass Works Inc | Take-out device for glass blowing machines |
US2843445A (en) * | 1956-01-04 | 1958-07-15 | Sylvania Electric Prod | Getter flashing device |
US3001198A (en) * | 1956-04-10 | 1961-09-26 | Melpar Inc | Wafer feed and insertion |
US3017852A (en) * | 1958-05-05 | 1962-01-23 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Article fabricating machine |
US3186746A (en) * | 1961-12-09 | 1965-06-01 | Gen Motors Corp | Latches |
US4687503A (en) * | 1985-09-02 | 1987-08-18 | Vitrocrisa Cristaleria, S.A. | Apparatus for loading and unloading articles at machines for cutting off excess ends of hollow glass, plastic or similar articles |
-
1924
- 1924-06-09 US US718706A patent/US1596733A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2420299A (en) * | 1941-07-07 | 1947-05-13 | Alvin A Campbell | Transfer mechanism |
US2570660A (en) * | 1945-04-06 | 1951-10-09 | Jones & Lamson Mach Co | Transfer mechanism |
US2425292A (en) * | 1945-12-11 | 1947-08-12 | Carl J Mccoy | Pipe handling apparatus |
US2623650A (en) * | 1947-08-09 | 1952-12-30 | Philip S Allen | Film transporting mechanism for automatic photographic apparatus |
US2634552A (en) * | 1949-01-10 | 1953-04-14 | Fairmount Glass Works Inc | Take-out device for glass blowing machines |
US2843445A (en) * | 1956-01-04 | 1958-07-15 | Sylvania Electric Prod | Getter flashing device |
US3001198A (en) * | 1956-04-10 | 1961-09-26 | Melpar Inc | Wafer feed and insertion |
US3017852A (en) * | 1958-05-05 | 1962-01-23 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Article fabricating machine |
US3186746A (en) * | 1961-12-09 | 1965-06-01 | Gen Motors Corp | Latches |
US4687503A (en) * | 1985-09-02 | 1987-08-18 | Vitrocrisa Cristaleria, S.A. | Apparatus for loading and unloading articles at machines for cutting off excess ends of hollow glass, plastic or similar articles |
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