US1590383A - Pulp-forming machine - Google Patents

Description

June 29 ,1926. y 1,590,383

G. H. KIRSCH PULP FORMING-uAHINE Filed Nov. 20, 1 924A 'sheets-Shegt 1 G. H. KIRSCH PULP `FORMING MACHINE Filed Nov. 20. 1924 Fiji. Z.

fs sheets-sheet -2 l .11! MIL: nunumm 7a .P11

Inventor.

Jun 29 1926.

G. H. KlRscH i vPULP FORMING MACHINE Filed Nov. 2o, 1924 Sheetshegj 5 Adtarneyfi.

June. 29 ,1926. 1,590,383"

w G. H. KlRscH PULP FORMING MACHINE Filed Nov. 2o, 1924 6 Sheets-snee; 5

El" .(9. -6 l 5' H 6o l 6] E 62 f In Ven tor.

dttorne v Jun 29 ,1926.

' G. H. KlRscH PULP FORMING MACHINE Filed Nov. 20, 1924 6 Sheets-Sheet 6 Hummm Patented June 29, 192e.

UNITED STATES matta PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE H. rilassa, or Lmxsrun, cam'ronmaf PULP-remanso mesma.

Application laica Novembera'o, 1924. serial m. 751,010.

' it, and then trans er the pulp article, and

the other set of molds to receive the temporarily shaped article and then permanently shape the article, dry it, and discharge the completed article to provide means for reinforcing the pulp article while shaping it;

, to provide means for removing excess water by pressure, blowing and suction action before dry1ng,'and, in general, to provide a machine which is capable of` quantity production, and which is automatic in operation throughout.

One form which my invention may assume -is exemplified in the following description and illustrated in the accompanying Vdrawings, in which-'- Y Fig. 1 is a side elevation of the pulp forming machine, saidside elevation being.l

partially in section.

Fig. 2 is an end view of the machine partiallyv in section.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged detail view of the pulp receiving molds and the actuating mechanism.

Fig. 4 is an enlarged detail view showlng the mechanism whereby intermittent motion is transmitted to rotate the moldcarrying drum.

Fig. 5 is an enlarged detail view showing the valve mechanism which controls the suction and air blast on the molds carried by' the drum.

receiving mold.

Fig. 10 is a perspective view of the type of mold applied to the drum' when berry baskets are to be formed.

Fig. 11 is apers tive view of the mold cooperating with t at type of mold shown in Fig. 1Q.

Fig. 12 shows the completed pulp article,

'to-wit, a pie plate, which is formed by the type of mold sho-wn in Figs. 8 and 9.

Fig. 13 is a perspective View of the pulp article, to-wit, a berr box, which is formed by the type of mo d shown 'in Figs. 10 and 11. L

Fig. 14 is an enlarged cross-section showing the type of mold shown in Figs. 8 and 9. f

Fig. 15 is another detail cross-section of the type of mold shown in Figs. 8, 9, and 14, Fig. 15 being shown for the purpose of describing how the pulp articlesare reinforced.

Referring to the drawings in detail, and particularly to Figs. 1 and 2, A indicates a main frame in which -is journalled a tu bular shaft B. Carried by the shaft is a drum C, and carried b the drum in turn are a plurality of brac et arms D, on the opposite lsides of which\are secured pulp ldrying molds generally indicated at E.

Disposed'below the drum is a pulp receiving tank F to which pulp is continuously delivered from any suitable source, and disposed in the bottom of said tank is a. fluld actuated motor G,'whereby a pair of molds H is actuated.

Two sets of molds are employed, to-wlt, the pair indicated at H, and the molds ar-v ranged in pairs on the drum C. For convenience of description, the molds mdlcated at H willv hereinafter be referred to as the v primary or receiving molds, and the second nset' of molds will be referred to as the secondary or drying molds.

Before rendering` a detail description'of the several parts ofthe machine, -a brief description of the general operatlon W1ll be submitted. An intermittent rotary motlonl is transmitted to the drum C, and the molds E, which are arranged in pairs, are therefore successively brought into alignment with the fluid actuated motor G andthe primary molds H actuated thereby. An oscillating movement is intermittently'transmitted to the primary molds H and during this oscillating movement they are first submerged in the pulp contained in the tank F. A suction is applled to the molds-when so submerged andtheir interior surfacesA thus become coated with a layer of pulp. The,A

primary moldsare then oscillated and velevated to assume the full line position shown in Fig. v1, and they are thus brought to a sition where the will cooperate with the molds E carried y the drum. During this operationv the pulp is'rst s ubjected'to pressure, suction and blowing action to remove the excess water. The primary molds are next .subjected to an air blast and the molds Eto a suction'action, and the pulp is thus transferred from the primary moldsH tothe secondary molds E. After the transfer of the pulp has taken place, molds H are again lowered or submerged to -receive a new ing or housing K= and a hot or warm current of airis continuously circulated throu h the casing. The suction to which the rying molds E are .subjected causes the warm air to pass through the p`ulp and the molds, and

' the pulp is thus dried on the molds E and the completed pulp articles are finally discharged by means of an air blast when the point I is reached. They are here removed y means of the air blast and discharged ontoan endless conve or belt L, which carries'the completedpu p articles to any point desired. n v

A detail description of the primary molds and the mechanism actuating the same will now be rendered, and particular reference will be made to Figs. 3, 6, 8, 9 and 14. The Huid actuated motor generally indicated at G consists of -a casing or cylinder'housing 2. Mounted in the upper end thereof and interspaced, as shown in Fig.3, is a pair of tubular` shafts 3 and 4, .and journalled on each shaft are a vane and an u wardly projecting hollow arm 6.' The hol ow arms are in constant communication with the tubular shafts 3 and 4 throu h means of ports such asindicated at 'Tran ployed for intermittently applying either-a suction or an air blast. Means are also employed Lfor intermittently oscillating the` vanes 5 and the arms 6,.and this is accomby the arms 6k are identical in plished by either applying a suction to the casing or-c'ylinder G, or admittlng a1r or -liquid under pressure.4

I The arms 6 carry molds of the type shown in Figs. 9 and 14. 'These molds are intended 'for the purpose of v.forming ple plates of the, type shown in Fig. 12.- The molds carried shape and construction and the description of one should therefore suiiice.

The type of mold.'l plate shown in Fig. 9l

8, and means are emf is nothing more or less than a recessed plate 9 in which are formed a plurality of perforations 10 and grooves 9. The upper end of the arm 6 is depressed to receive the plate 9 and an interior chamber 11 is thus formed between the upper end of the arm and the mold plate 9, this chamber being in com.- munic'ation with the hollow arm 6, whereby V..the.mold is supported, it being understood that themold p ates are securedto the arm 6 'by bolts or other suitablemeansr/yThe inner. surface of the moldl late 9 is covered withoneor more layers o perforated plates 'and screens, such as shownat 12 and 13, and an ideal supporting surface is thus formed for the reception of pulp. The particular shape of the mold plate 9 depends entirely upon the article to be formed. It appears more or less like a shallow perforated dish when pie-plates, such as shown in .Fig. l2, are to be formed, but its appearance is considerably altered when berry baskets are tobe formed as shown in Fig. 13; that is, the depression in the plate would in that instance be rectangular and fairly deep (see Fig. 11)'. It would nevertheless be perforated, as shown at 10, and it would also be covered with erforated plates and screens. In other wor s the construction would remain the same, but the shapewould merely be altered to suit the article.` The arms 6 carryin the mold plates 9, which have heretofore en referred to as the primary` When the coating has been applied, the

arms 6 are again oscillated and they are raised to the full line position shown in Figs. 1 and 3. The pulp is here subjected to'pressure, suction and blowing action to remove the excess wat-er and moisture, and it is .then transferred to the secondary molds E by means of an air blast and suction.

The mechanism controlling the oscillating movement of .the arms 6 and the primary molds carried thereby will now be described. By referring to Fig. 6 it will be noted that four valves are employed, such as indicated at 15, 16,- 17 and 18. These val-ves are normally retained in a closed position by overhead springs, as shown, and they are raised upwardly and away from' their seats by means of a cam shaft 19, which is continuously rotated in any suitable manner; that is, eac-h valve is provided with depending stem and these stems are engaged by the cams indicatedat 20, 21, 22 and'23. The valves shown at and 16 control the movement 'of the vanes or pistons shown'at 5 and the valves shownl at 17. and 18 control the flow' of fluid through the primary molds, the hollow arms 6 and the` tubular shafts 3 and 4.. During rotation of the cam shaft 19, cam 20 first enga-ges the stem of valve 15 and thereby opens the same. The lo'wer portion of the valve chamber is provided with a port 24, which is in constant communication with a suction pump (not here shown). Hence, when valve 15 1s opened, a suction is created -through a passage 25, which is in constant communication with -a pair of central ports 26 formed in one end of the cylinder or'casing' Gc^(see Fig. 3). The suction produced pulls the vanesor pistons 5 inwardly to a central position and an oscillating movement is thus transmitted to the hollowarms 6 and the .primary molds carried thereby, which causes them to assume a submerged position ir the pulp tank, uniform movement `of the pistons 5 and fthe arms 6 being obtainedby dividing the cylin r der into two compartments by means of a central cross plate 26a. At the moment of submersion, cam' 23 engages the stem of valve 18 and raises the same. The lower portionof the valve .casing is also in c'onstant communication with a suction pump 'the' valve casing is connected; with a ortion of pipe 28, which in turn is co'rnected with the ends through a port 27. The upper of the shafts 3 and 4. A suction is thus produced in the tubularshafts 3 and 4 and the hollow .arms 6, and water will thus be drawn throu h the .hollow arms and the shaft and Wil be delivered to the suction pum through port 27, this .How of watei causmg the pulp to adhere to the screen surfaces of the primary molds and thus coating them ywith a layer of pulp of suitable thickness. The lmoment a ldesired thickness or coating has been obtained, valve 15 closes and cam 21 engages thestem of valve 16,

Vthus opening the same.

The upper portionv of the lvalve housing isconnected with a source of water or Huid under pressure through a port 29. This Huid -under pressure passes through the open valve 16 and'\enters the passage 25. It flows through this passage into, the ports 26 and thus enters the cylinder centrally between the vanes or pistons 5. This pressure forces the vanes outwardly to the position shown in Fig. 3, and the hollow arms, together with the primary molds 4.carried thereby, are thus raised to an' elevated position, where they will enclose the molds E,

which have been previously brought to proper position by intermittent movement of the drum. Valve 18 continues to remain open during the upward' movement of the primary molds and the major portion of the water is thus removed from the pulp. A squeezing. or pressure action takes place the 'moment the primary molds venclose or contact with the secondary molds E and an air blast is also 'passed through the pulp 'land excess water or moisture is thus rapidly removed. yIn vother Words the pulp is subjected to a squeezing action, an air blast y into engagement' with the stem of valve 17.

This valve is opened and an air blast is admittedto pipe 27. This pipe, as previously stated, connects withv the tubular shafts 3 -andl 4 and the primary molds are thus subjected to an air blast. The upper portionrof the valve casing 17 is connected with a compressor or the like (not' here shown) through means of a pipe 31 and it is due to this reason that an .air blast is obtained when valve 17 is opened; that is, the air under pressure enters through pipe 31, passes by the open valye and discharges through port 32 in the lower part of the valve casing. This port is connected with the pipe 29 Dand this pipe delivers tho air to the tubular shafts 3 and 4, the hollow arms 6, and the primary molds carried thereby. Thi@ air blast is merely momentary and it is just suflicient to free the pulp from the primary molds and to transfer the pulp to the secondary molds E. These molds are at the vsame time subjected to a suction action and the pulp will thus adhere and will 'remain on these molds until dried and discharged. The primary molds are again lowered to submerged position and are again coated with pulp. They are thenv raised and the cycle ofv operation is repeated and ,repeated as each set ofsecondary molds moves into position.

vSeveral actionsv take place when the rimary and secondary molds are brought lnto register., These actions are more or less simultaneous; that is, excess water and moisture are removedfrom the pulp andthe outer edges of the' pul therefore accumulatesalong the extended surface, as4 shown at 9. When the.pr1-' mary mold` is forced into engagement with 'the secondary mold E, the outer peripheral.

edge of the mold E, indicated at 35, serves the `function of a scraper and forces the accumulated pulp shown at 9 into a compact mass, such asshown at 9d. l'(See F ig.-v

14.) This mass in reality forms a reinforced flange or edge and to this'extent reinforces and strengthens the pulp article and it,

4'. Lsaaaes therefore, is onevof thejimplohrtant features of the present. invention.

A detail description of. theu mechanism vfor imparting an intermittent rotary movement to the drum vwill next be described,

v,and the piston rod is and particular reference will be made to Fig. 4. AFormed on oneedge of the`drum and on its outer periphery is anv annular flange 37. Formed in said flange are a "plurality of interspaced`notches or recesses ,therein is intermittently reciprocated by water ,or-fluid under pressure, controlled by a four-way valve 46. Two of the ports onthe valve 46 -are connected by means of ypipes 47 with a tsource of water supply under pressure.`v The other two ports onthef valve 46 are connected .with opposite ends of the cylinder through. means of pipes 48.

A cam 49 is secured on the shaft 19. This cam intermittently engages a rocker arm 50. This arm is connected through means of a link 51 with a crank arm extension 52 `on the valve 46. The turning movement of.

the cam 49 intermittently changes the position of the valve 46; that is, water undery pressure is alternately admitted to opposite ends of the cylinder 47 andan intermittent reciprocal movement is thus transmitted to the piston rod andthe cross-head 42, this?.

movement being again transmitted tooscillate thefar'm 40, which isfreely journalled on -the tubularshaft B which carries the drum. A `pawl 52". is carriedby the arm 40 and this eng-ages the notches |38 the 'flan Vfree yin the direction of arrow a, and `the 'drum remains 'stationary during this period,

automatically released with relation to the of the um. The arm 40l moves but pawl 52* engages the notches 38 during ,reverse movement 1 of the arm 40 and thus transmits an intermittent step by ste rotary movement to the drum, pawl 52k eing notches 38 when the full line positionshown `in Fig. 2 isv reached, asa pin on the pawl engages an extension 53 of the link-51; that is, the pin on the awl rides up on the extension and thus lfts the pawl with rela` tion to, the notches 38, and larm 40 is therefore re'e to move in the direction of arrow a without transmitting. any movement to the drum. The movement of'the piston within the cylinder 45 would be constant from end to end unless means were employedy e reinforcing action takes place at the same time that the. .excess water is' removed and the lpulp is" -then transferred to the 'secondary molds.

' for slowing down the moviament of the iston when it reaches the-end of its. stroke. uch means are provided and hereinafter be describe f ,It might be stated that it is moreor lese 4essential to slow down the movement ofthe piston whenit 'approachesthe endp-'the l stroke, as it is desirable to bring the drum to a gradual or slow stop. l l

By again referring/,to Fi 4, 1t-w1ll be noted that the forward-end o the cross-head f 42 is provided with' a cam 54. This cam 1s employed for the purpose of slowing down the motion of the iston within the cylinder' 45 and consequent y the step by step move-v ment of the drum when a stop position is being' reached; that is. movement of the cross-head in the direction of. the arrow b also imparts movement to the -li'nk 51. As the cross-head reaches the end of its stroke, cam 54'v engages a pin 55 on link 51 Yand thus gradually turns the valve 52 to closed position. This moyement is independent of cam 49 and it slows down the motion of' the piston and the movement of thedrum so that the drum will come to a slow and gradual stop. The cam 49.then comes into action and the position of the valve 46 is reversed. Water under pressure is thus admitted to theopposite end of the cylinder,

-and the piston, together with the cross-head and arm 40, is returned in the direction of arrow a..

'A detail descri tion of the secondary molds and the v ve mechanism actuating fthe same will now be described, and particular reference will be made to Figs. 5, 7, 8 and 14. The molds E are identical in construction and they are supported in pairs `on bracket arms Dthese bracket arms being bolted to the outer surface of the drum,

-fand as they 'extend from end to end ofthe drum, it is possible to arrange a number of pairs of molds, such as shown at E, in line formation, this being particularly shown in Fig.- 2. The de scri tionor one pair7 of molds is, however, suilclent and such description will'now be given.

By referring too Figs. 8 and .14, it will be noted"that the secondary moldsoonsist of plates, the center portion of which is raised, as indicated, at 6.0.4 Formed in the ldirect center of theplate are four ports, las shown atY 61, and formed in the surface of the plate and radiating from theA ports 61 area suit` able number of channels or gnooves 62. The bracket D is hollow and so are lthe secondary moldlplates' 60./The ports 61 communicate' upon to dry -the'fpulparticles and-to finally /dischargefthem The/hollow .spaces `must, therefore, connected with" asuction or vacuum pum and also with' an air com pressor or ot er source of air supply, and automatically actuated valves must e emloyed .for the purpose of oontrollin the ow' of the Huid from the-pumps.- T 's is accomplished as follows:

By referringto Fig. 7,.it will'ibe no 'that the main hollow shaft is divided into two sections by means' of an inner partition- 65. The end of the shaft shown at \66 on one side ofthe partition is connected with -a suction pump (not here shown) bymeans :of a pipe .67. The other .endvof the shaft or pipe vdisposed on the opposite side of the partition 65 is connected with -a source of air under pressure through means of a pip'e 68. -The tubular shaft is provided with two sfetsof ports suchas indicated at 69 and 70, and these ports are intermittently brought into communication dwith pipes 71, which extend radially 'from a housing generally indicated at 72, fthe inner ends of the pipes 71 being in.E communication withthe housing 72, and the outer lends of the pipes 71 being in communication with the hollow brackets D, which support the secondary molds E. A pair of cooperatingvalves 74 and 7 5- is employed in connection with each. pipe 71. The Phousing' 72 is divided into two compartments 76 and 77 by means of a Icentral partition. Compartment 7 6 is alp ways subjected to air under pressure,'while the compartment' 77 isinantained under a desired vacuum. When valves 75 are .Y opened, a suction is created in pipes 71 and the molds connected therewith, and when valves 74 are opened, air under pressure is delivered to pipes 71. and 1the molds con nected therewith. Means are employed for automatically opening` and closing the valves 74 and 75 at predetermined inter-vals. during the step by step rotation of the drum,

' and thisuis accomplished as follows:

By referringto Figs. 5 and 7, it will be noted that valve 75 is provided with a tubular stemand that then stem of the valve 74 vprojects through this tubular stem; further,

that both valves are normallyvinaintained infa closed position by means of an intermediate spring. 'It will also be Vnoted. that valves 7 4 and 75 are mounted in central alignment with .relation to each other, and that 'they are actuated by a common rocker armv or lever 78 pivotally supported -in a bracket' disposed below the valve stems. One Aend oi the lever is adapted to acuate the valvev stems.- It either en'gagesthe lower end of vthetubular-,valve stem or a cenar or head 79secured on the lower end of the-*central` valve stern.` which actuates. valve 74. The opposite end of the lever is provided with a roller` which extends into a channelliron track generally indicated at 80. -f This track extends rfrom the point indicated atlpto the point indicated at 82, and it imparts a' rocking movement to the-lever so that the `inner end en ages the .tubular valve stem and retains t e valve in anopen position. In other, words valve 75 remains open from the point 81 to the point rindicated at' 82 or during the major portion of the revolution ofthe drum. The; channel .track is oiz'set between the/points 81 and 82, and means are employed for transferring the rocker arms' from themain channel track section to the offset portion indicated at 83,gthemeans employed being .a pair of slides indicatedv at 84 and 85.

These slides are actuated by rocker arms 86and the rocker arms-are in turn actuated by a pair of cams 87 secured onthe tions, such as indicated at 88 and 89, the elevations engaging rocker arms 90, which are lconnected with the rocker arms 86 through means of a pair of links or rods9l. Just` as the drum is reaching a stop position, the slides 84 and 85 assume a. position in alignment 0with the ends of the main channel track 80 and the ends of the rocker cam shaft 19. These cams have twoelevaarms thus enter' thev respective slides and the drum comes to a complete stop when the rocker arms have entered. At this moment the high points 88 of the cams engage the rocker arms 90 and impartfmovement thereto. This movement is transmitted through the links 91 to the rocker arms 86 and is in turn transmitted to the Slides, orcmg them inwardly. This inward movement ofthe slides imparts a rocking motion to the rocker ,arms and thel inner ends of Vthea'rms engage the heads or collars 79 ofthe valves 74. They are thus opened and air under pressure enters the pipes 71y at that time undergoing a pressure ori squeezing actionand the air blast passing through the primary molds thus assistsin removing excess water. The-high points o f the 'cams 87 are very smalland valves 74 are thus only momentarily opened tovermit` a nick air blast to take place. It

might` a so be stated that the cams. 87 are;

slightly/advanced with'. relation toeach other, so `that one valve 74 after the other nod is` opened? Two air blasts therefore take placefinsucoes'siveiorder and air is in this manner conserved. The cam contines 'rof'rom the 'rocker arms 90 and the intermedi,-

"ate sections 89 of then cams then engage ,the ,..rocker arms. This causes .thel.val,ve s-"74 to yclose, as'fthe slides fthenmove into align- 4 '12a tatingand/ the 'high points' thus move away f l ment with the 'ends of the ossa para@ se of the channel track. Movement fis at this time imparted to the drum and one lever moves into the oiset portion of the channnel arm, which opens valve- 75, and the mold is thus subjected to a suction action and' it Y remainsl under suction action duringl the major portion ofi-the rotation of the dru'm or until the point 82 is reached, when it is' again subjected to an air blast to discharge the completed pulp article. The rocker arm-which travels in the oilset portion of the channel .track retains both valves in closed position', so that the molds are neither subjected to suction nor blast action while travelling froml discharge positionto a position where pulp is again applied. From then on the pulp is subjected to -a suction action and as the housing surrounding the drum is su plied with warm air,

throu h the pulp and that it will become rapi y dry, the pulp article being coml 'be as follows:`

pletely dry when the point ,82 is reached, when it is discharged, as previously stated, by an air blast.

The general operation of the machine will Pulp of a redetermined consistenc is Acontinuous y circulated through t e tank F. The primary molds H are intermittently submerged and raised, 'and when assuming the submerged position their inner surfaces are coated with pulp, thethickiiess of pulpy applied to the inner surfaces be' sistency of the in the tank and the time period whic e molds 'are permitted to remain submerged andvacuum carried. The primary molds are then raised by means of the pistons and the arms 6 to the vertical fullv line sition' shown in Fig. V1, where the pulp is subjected to three simultaneous actions, to-wit, a suctionV action, caused by opening of the valve 18, a blowing action, due to the opening ofl one of the valves 74, and a pressing action, dueto the pressure exerted Ibetween the molds when assuming the position shownrign Fig. 1. The blowing action, the pressing action, and the suction action are an important feature of the present invention as they remove all excess water and in fact the major portion of the moisture .content of the pulp article, and a comparativel, small amount of moisture is thiis left to removed' during' the drying operation. 'It should also -be noted that the arms 6 .assume a vertical position during this period and that the water expressed or removed isithus free to drain downwardly throu h the hollow arms. and to escape throng the tuhiiiar shafts 3 and 4.

yor resisted. Also, any pressure may it is obvious that t 1s air Will be drawn J .mass, as 1 After the water and excess moisture have'.

determined by the conbeen expresed by means of the squeezing It should also be noted that the primary mold plates 9 (see Figs. 8 and 14) are grooved around the edges, as indicated at 9*. This is also' important as it permits a vfree drainage and'removal of the water from the u per portion of the pulp article. Itv shoul also be noted that nopositive move' ment is'imparted to the primary moldsas they are actuated by -means of the pistons 'or vanes 5; that is, upward movement of the rimary molds is merely limited by the thic ess of 'pulp vinterposed between the primary and secondary molds, and itl is therefore possible to apply a greater or smaller thickness of pulp without interfering with -the free operation of the molds when assembled. Iii other words, the movement of the primary molds is more 0r less flexible. as the pistons 5 are merely actuated by a. suitable liquid or fluid under'- pres sure, and the pistons 5 will, therefore, move outwardly until the movement of the arms 6 and the molds carried thereby is stopped be obltained during the sueezing action by merely increasing or ecreasiu the pressure of the motive'fluid or /liqui emplo ed. There is a fourth. action which takes p ce during the assembling of the molds, to-wit,

that of reinforcing the edges or rim of the pulpv article, as indicated at 9", this reinforcement `beingobtained when the primary mold moves into engagement with the secondary mold; that is, the secondary mold or the edge shown at 35 serves as a scraper and as such scrapes the pulp indicated at 9 (see Fig. -15 to al compact or thickened indicated at 9.

blowin and suction action, and after the formation of the reinforced ange has taken place tliopuli article is transferred, as previous y d ri ed, to the secondary molds,

and the primary molds are returned'to submerged position, so that they mayagain be recoated with pulp. During' the separation of the primary and secondary molds, and during the submersion of the primary molds, drum C is advanced (See Fig. 1.) The molds are now subjected to the action of the warm air, which is'circulated through the housing, and as the suction valve remains open during the major portionfof the rotation of the drum, it can be seen that warm air is drawn through the secondary molds and the pulp container carried thereb and the pulp container is thus rapidly an thoroughly dried before the disj chargepo'sitioii is" reached; An air blast is A chute I, where they fall by gravity onto the Lacasse here applied and the pulp containers are therefore merely bltvn oif into the discharge conveyor belt L, which removes them from the machine.

' that of The main functions which the secondary molds perform are, first, that of receiving the ulp containers which have been formed by t e primary molds H; secondl that `of cooperating with the primary mol s to form the reinforcing edges on the ulp containers; third, that of maintaining t e pulprcontainers in roper shape While drying; fourth,

drying the pulp containers; and fifth, that of discharging the same.

The method of drying the pu] containers is another important feature o the present invention; that is, a constant temperature isma'intaln'ed 1n the secondary molds vas Warm air is .circulating throu'gh and around them during the major portion of I whenever a bracket D moves into position with relation thereto.

In the description so far rendered reference has only been made to one pairof primary molds,.but it is obvious that there will be 70 three pairs, if three pairs of secondary molds are carried by the drum. Only one set of valves 74 and 75 has been described, but it is understood that there is one set ofl such ',Val`ves for each pipe 71, several sets of valves 75 being shown inFig. 5.

While certain features of the present in- -vention are more or less specificallyillustratthe revolution of thedrum. The molds are not submerged to receive the pulp and as such ar'e not intermittently subjected to intermittent cooling andA heating action. It is due to the fact that a substantially constant temperature is maintained thateiicient and rapid drying of the containers is insured. To obtain proper registration of the primary and secondary molds when squeezing Y the pulp and transferring it to the secondary molds, a plurality of large doWel pins are employed, as indicated at 92. The dowel pins are carried by the primary molds and recesses for their reception are formed L1n the secondary fmolds. These pins are also: of

considerable importance as they'certainly insure proper register of themolds .when as- The machine is otherwise automaticin operation as the entire mechanism is driven by fluid or liquid 'actuated motors, the Huid either entering under pressure or passing through the mechanism under a partial vacuum. The fluid flow is in turn `controlled by a valve mechanism which is actuated by the single cam shaft 19, and perfect timing and cooperation ofall partsy are thus insured. Practically all parts of the mechanism are intermittent in operation, but the cam shaft, '19 is continuously driven and the cams are so positionedthat the valves are actuated Y at proper time-intervals.

rihe machine, as constructed, is decidedly adapted to quantity production as the drinn C, may bel made as long or as large in diameter as desired,and similarly the brackets D.

' In other words the brackets D may contain three sets of secondary molds as sho n in AFig. 2, or Aas many-additional sets as desired.

With threesjets of secondary molds, as sli'ow i' in Fig. 2, it is obvious that six pulp containers will Kbe formed and transferred to the molds in unison and that six completed containers will be discharged into the chute rplurality of interspaced secondary molds 95 ed, I Wish it understood that -various changes in form and proportion may be resorted to Within the scope ofthe appended claims. I similarly Wish it understood that the materialsand finish of the several parts employed may be such as the experience and judgment of the manufacturer may dictate or various uses may demand.

Havin thus described my. invention, what@ c aim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is- 1. In a machine of the-character described, 09

a pulp containing tank, a primary mold adapted tobe intermittently submerged and elevated with relation` to the pulp in the tank, a drum disposed above the tank, ya

carried by the drum, means for imparting a step by step intermittent rotary movementto the drum to bring the secondary molds oneb one into register with the primary mol means for vapplying a coating of pulp to the primary mold when submerged in thepulp tank, means for elevating the primary mold to a position in engagement with a secondary mold, means for transferring the pulp from theprimary 1,05

carried by the drum, means for imparting H5 a step by step intermittentA rotary move-l ment to the rum to bring the secondary molds one by oneqinto register with the primary mold, means for applying a coating of pulp to the primary mold when-sub- 1 merged in the pulp tank, means for elevatingithe primary mold'to a position in engagement with a secondary mold, means -for transferring the pulp from the primary to said secondary mold, means for drying the' pulp on the secondary mold, and means for automatically removing the pulp when dry. r

3. In a machine of the character described, a pulp containlng tank, a primary mold tank, a. primary mold adapted to be intermittently submerged and elevated with rclation` to the pulp in the tank, a drum disposed above the tank, a plurality of interspaced secondary molds carried by the drum, means for imparting a step by step-intermittent rotary movement to the drum to bring the secondary molds oneby one into register with the primary mold, means for applying a coating of pulp to the primary mold when submerged in the pulp tank, means for 'elevating the primary mold to a position ln engagement with a secondary mold, meansl for transferring the pulp from the primary1 tfr said secondary mold, means for drying the pulp on the secondary mold, and means for supplying air under pressure to the secondary mold to remove the pulp when dry.

4. In a machine of the character described, a pulp containing tank, a primary mold adapted to be intermittently submerged and elevated with relation to the pulp in the tank, a drum disposed above the tank, a. plurality of interspaced secondary molds carried by the drum, means for imparting a step by step intermittent rotary move- 'ment to the drum to bring the secondary molds oneb .one .into register with the primary mol means for supplying a coat-V the pulp when dry by passing air under'pressure in a reverse direction through the mold.

5. In a machine of the character described, a pulp containing tank, a primary mold adapted to be intermittently submerged and elevated with relation to the pulp in thel tank, a drum' disposed above the tank, a plurality of intel-spaced secondary molds carried by the drum, means for imparting a step by step intermittent rotary movement to the drum to bring the secondary molds one by one into register. with the primary mold, means for applym a coating of pulp to the primary mol w eu e submerged 1n the pulp tank, means for elevating the primary mold to a position in engagement with a secondary `1;uold, means for subjecting the pulp to a squeezing. action, an air blast and a suction action when the molds are brought into engagement'to remove excess water and moisture, means for transferring the pulp from the primary to saidsecondary mold when the water and excess moisture have been removed, means for drying the pulp on the secondary mold,

and means for removing the pulp when.

6. In a machine of the character de-f 'I scribed, a pulp containing tank, a primary mold .adapted to be intermittently' submerged and elevated with relation to the pul in the tank, a drum disposed above the f,

tan Fmolds carried by .the drum, means ior imparting a step by step intermittent rotary movement to the drum to bring the secondary molds one by one into register with the primary mold,- means for applying a coating of pul to the primary :mold when submerge: in thepulp tank, means for elevating the primary mold to a position in engagement with a secondary mold, means for a plurality of interspaced secondary subjecting lthe pulp to a squeezing action,

when the molds are brought into engagement, means for simultaneously passing a current of air through the molds and the interposed pulp toremove excess water and moisture, means for reversing the flow of air through the'` molds and pulp to transfer the pulp from the primary mold to the secondary mold, means for drying the pulp eoI on the secondary mold, and means -for removing the pulp whendry.

to the pulp in the tank through means of the fluid actuated motor, a drum disposed above the tank,v a plurality of \interspaced segmental molds carried by the drum, a fluid actuated motor for imparting' a step by step intermittent rotary movement to the drum to bring the secondary molds one by one into register with the primary mold, means for 7. In a machine of the character described, a pulp containing tank, a fluid actuated mo-l tor, a primary mold adapted toA be intermittently submerged and elevated with relation` applying a coating of pulp to the primary mold when submerged b'y suction actien, means for delivering fluid tothe first named motor to elevate the primary mold to a position in engagement with a secondary mold, saidv means a so subjectin the pulp to a. squeezingV action, means or applying an air blast and a suction action during the squeezing action to remove the water expressed and excess moisture, means for transferring the pulp fromthe rimary to the secondary mold by an air b ast and a suction action, means for drying the pulp on the secondary mold by passing a current of warm air through the pul and the mold, means for removing the pu p When dry by passing a reverse air blast through the mold, valves controlling the flow of iuid to the drum actuating motor, valves controlling the flow 3' of fluid through the respective molds, and a single controlling member for intermittently opening and .closing said valves at predetermined time intervals.

8. In a machine of the character described,n

a pulp containing tank, a fluid actuated n10` tor, a primary mold adapted to be intermitteutly submerged and elevated with relation to theA pulp in the tank through means of the fluid actuated motor, a drum disposed above the tank, a plurality of interspaced segmental molds carried by the drum, a fluid actuated motor for imparting a step by Step intermittent rotary movement to the drum to bring the secondary molds one by one into register vwith the primary mold, means for applyin a coating of pulp to the primary lmold w en submerged by suction action,

means for delivering fluid to the first named motor to elevate the .primary mold to a position in engagement with. a secondary mold, said means also vsubjecting the pulp' to la ueezing action, meansffor applying an air b ast and a suction action during the Squeez- `ing action to remove the water expressed and excess moisture, means for transferring the pulp from the rimary to the secondary mold b an air` last and a suction action, means or drying the pulp on the secondary mold by assing a current of warm air through t e pul and the mold, means for removmg the pu p when dry by passing a reverse air blast throutgh the mold, valves controlling the ow o fluid to the primary mold actuating n1otor,-valves controlling the flow of fluid to the drum actuiatin motoryfvalves controlling the flow of il through the respective molds, a continuously rotating shaft,` and a plurality of cams mounted thereon whereby all of the valves are actuated at predetermined time intervals. A

9. In a machine ofthe character described, a' pulp receiving mold adapted to be inter mittently submerged. and elevated with relationto a pulp containing tank, a pulp drying mold elevated with relation to the tank and movable, with relation thereto, means for transferrin pulp from the receiving to thedrying mold, and means for maintaining the drying mold at a substantially prede-1 termined drying temperaturea l0. In a machine of the character described, a pulp receiving mold adapted to be intermittently submerged and elevated with relation to a pulp containing tank, a pulp drying mold elevated with relation to the tank and movable with relation thereto, means for transferring pulp from the receiving tothe drying mold, and means for maintaining the drylng mold at a substantially predetermined-drying temperature by maintaining a flow of warm dry'air throug the pulpand the mold.

1l. In .a machine of the character described, a pulp receiving mold adapted to be intermittently submerged' and elevated with relation to a' pulp containing tank, a pulp drying mold elevated with relation to the tank and movable with relationv thereto,

vthe pul and the mold, and means for momentan y passing a reverse air blast through .the mold to blow olf the ul when dry.

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