US1589097A

US1589097A - Apparatus for continuously separating liquids from solids

Info

Publication number: US1589097A
Application number: US678542A
Authority: US
Inventors: Hans C Behr
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1923-12-04
Filing date: 1923-12-04
Publication date: 1926-06-15
Anticipated expiration: 1943-06-15

Description

J'une ,15 1926*..l

H. C. BEHR APPARATUS FOR CONTINUOUSLY SEPARATING LIQUIDS FROM SOLIDSl Filed Deo. 4, 1923 Ill 4 Sheets-Sh'et l III'HI June 15 1926.

H. c. BEHR v APPARATUS FOR CONTINUOUSLY SEPARATING LIQUIDS FROM SOLIDS 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Dec. 4

abbo/MW n0 *7 9 .u s IS 5Lt ,Oe 11S- WS m4 s D I hvv Q T. L G Nw I9 RTl A HR.. Em4. Bmg. C.; .mw Hwl ,Ui NFV I T N o C R O F 6s 2W 11A ,W 5A 1., e m ...o J @uw 22 fr4 Sheets-Sheet 4 H. c. BEHR Filed Dec. 4, 1923 WN@ Shi APPARATUS FOR CONTINUOUSALY SEPARATING LIQUIDS FROM SOLIDS June 15 1926.

in lFiguie 1, chiefly in section through" the main axis of the machine;

y Patented June 1,5, 19126.

UNiTED STATES rAT-ENT "OFFICE,

HANS c.y BEER, or scAnsnALE, iTEW Yonic.

' APPARATUS FOR CONTINUO'SLY SEPARATING lLIIQUIZS FROM SOLIDS.

'Application ledDecem'per 4, 1923. i Serial No'. 678,542.

This invention relates to a process of and .apparatus for the continuous separation of .liquors from small solid particles kin a centrifugal apparatus with a nonvertical axis, and hasfforits object to proyide for the expulsion of the liquor in two stages, the first, and generally the larger, partof the liquor being eliminated without applying `water or spray liquid, such as is usually employed for washing out the remaining liquor in the second stage of the operation.

With this and other objects in view, the

' invention consists in the novelsteps and combinations of steps constituting the process, and inthe novel parts and combinations of parts constituting the apparatus, all as will be more fully` hereinafter -disclosed and l particularly pointed out in the claims.

Referring to the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specificationyin which like numerals designate like parts in all the views;

Figure 1` is a vertical side elevational View partly in section, of an apparatus made in accordance with this invention; p Figure 2 is a plan view of the parts shown Figure 3 is an end elevational view of the machine as seen from shown in Figure 2; i

Figure 4 is an elevational view ofthe con- ,veying member shown in section in Figure 2 5.

and

Figure. 5 is an enlargedsectional detail view of a portion of' a slightly modified form of the invention.' 7 .Y

Referring more particularly to Figures 1 and 2, 1 represents the frameof the lmachine, formed on top with the

bearings

2 and 3 within which revolves the quill or sleeve 5 and Vassociated with the bear-ing 4,\which supports the hub 6 of gear 7. `Gear7 `is fixed on'the small end 8 'of shaft 9 by the feather 106 and nut 105. Shaft 9 is carried at its large end 31 by the bearing sleeve 10,' fixed in the end 11 of said quill 5. Quill 5 has fixed on it the pulley 12, which is rotated by a belt not shown from any suitable source of power. rllhe end 13 of quill 5 has fixed to it the gear 14, which meshes with a gear 15 mounted o'n a shaft 16 carried in bearings 17 and 18, forming extensions respectively of the bearings 3 and 4. Gear 15l is rigid with gear 19, which meshes with gear `7 the-left hand end fixed"on shaft 9, a's previously explained. G ear 15 is somewhat larger than gear 14, and gear' 7 is larger by the same amount] than gear 19, so that shaft 9 is compelled to rotate at a somewhat s'lowerfrate than quill60 5.- End 11 of quill 5 is `integral with disc 20, and the latterihas fixed to it the small end of the'conical mantle 21, having on its inner surface numerous grooves 22, at each of which said mantle is perforated with a circle of holes 23. Overlaying the inner sur- 'face of mantle 21Mis the conical screen.24,

fitting with its smaller end into the circular' groove 25, and having at its large end the w.

. outward flange 26, which fits into the groove "p 27, formed inside the large end 28of mantle 21. The snap ring 30, extending outward beyond flange 26 into a groove316, secures the screen 24 iny place.

,The large end 31 of shaft .9 has formed 75 oii it the disc 32, rigid with the ring 33,

the conical tube 34, and its cylindrical-ex. teiis-ion 35. At'the center of disc 32, opposite shaft 9, isfthe conical boss 36. Ring 33, as shown in Figure 2, isperfora'ted with 80 numerousv holes 39, the solid. part 40` between them serving as impeller blades to impart velocity to the material fed totheir inner ends.

Where conical tube 34 joins ring 33 it has 85 `on its outside a cylindrical part 41, over which is. fitted the annular end plate 42, rigid with the conicalscrew conveyer 43,

v shown in section in'Figure 2 Kand in side elevation iii Figure 4. The conical shell 43 has fixed to its outer surface one or more helically disposed ribs 44, surrounding the shell 43 like the thread of a screw and Vvforminfr the conveying element/"for the material being treated, and causing it to move over the screen 24 from the small tothe large end of said shell 43. The inner periphery of end plate 42 isextended into or is rigid with the conical shell 45 provided with the thickened cylindrical part 46. This end or part 46 as 100 shown in Figure 2 fits over the tube 35, which is threaded at its' free end and fitted with the nut 47 securing the entire conveyer structure in place. A dowel pin 48 prevents the conveyer structure from turning on.

the ring 33. i i l rlhe large end of'conical shell 43 is rigid with or terminates in an inwardlyextending disc 49, and in the space between this said disc 49 and end plate 42 are fixed the fan N0' i blades 50, which by their vrotation force air through the holes 51 in mantle 43, through the material being treated on screen 24, through said screen and through the holes f 23 in mantle 21, this said air thus escaping with the separated liquor. Air is admitted to the inner edges of fan blades through the cylindrical shell `52, forming a lateral extension from the inner edge of disc 49. Water, or other liquid, or steam, is, or may be admitted through a stationary tube 53 longitudinally `movable in its support by jets 317, tobe caught up by the fan blades 50 nearltheir larger diameter and is likewise driven through the material and-*the mantle 21 near its larger end. A division plate 318 may be employed to'oniinetheliquid coming from tube 53 to the largeend of cone 43. The fan blades 50 are here `for simplicity of illustration shown radially disposed; but in' an actual machine they may preferably have their inner edges-curved forward in the vdirection of rotation, so as tol pick up? the air and liquid moreieiciently.

comes through the lexiblewtube 59 attached to the free -end of the elbowi. y

-As best shown inv Figure 2, disc 20 isw piercedwby a number ofholes 300,' forming a circle'a little inside the peripheryf disc 32. Holes 300 provide an. escape for material', which mi ht-come over the edge of disc 32 and enter t e space 319 between disc 32 and disc 20 in case thefsupply .of material came to the machine at. a greater rate than the conveyer blades are designed to handle. Without these saidLholes 300 under abnormal conditions the. material would be under great pressure between discs 20. and 32,`tend\ingy to separate them with such force that an e'Xces-.l

sive endthrust' and any abnormal friction would be produced between 4the adjacent faces-301 of the hubs of gearsgand 14. The holes 300, however, afford an escapeJ for the said .material when under pressure, `and thus prevent its getting between, discs 20 ande 32 and at the same time said-holes enable themachine to give warning that it is being loaded beyond its capacity.

The liquor discharged through .holes 23 inmantle 21 is eventually caught in two re' ceivers 637and '164, two-such receivers being Y `used, because in most cases of separating liquors from granular solid material, it is desiredto separate and lead away as much of the liquor as possible, in its pure state,'in

-of mantle 21 for the diluted liquor.

the first stage of treatment, and thereafter,y 1n asecond stage, to wash ofi' the remaining A,

liquor, which can not be otherwise se arated, and lead it olf to a separate receptac e, all as will appear more fully hereinafter.

Since it is desirable generally to keep the diluted .and pure liquors more cli'ectuall from commingling, even to a small extent, 1t will`be of advantage to discharge the said diluted and pure liquors in narrow zones spaced preferably some distance apart, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, where to this endl the outer mantle 2lis-enclosed circumferentially by a shell 302 attachedat one end with its flange 303 bybolts 304 to the disc 2O vat the small end offmantle 21. The other end 305 of shell 302 is/inserted in a. groove 306 atthe back ofthe-enlarged end 28 of mantle 21. lAt the zone selected for the discharge of pure liquor the said shell 302isperforated with a ring of discharge holes ,307, c lspaced close together. A similar circle of/ holes 308 is provided at the zone selected for the discharge of the diluted liquor. At a zonejntermedi'ate to the circles of holes 307 and A308thereis provided adivision ring 309, separating-with 'its inner edge 5313 the space between. 'mantle 21 and shell 302 into two circular c ambers, one, 310, for the pure liquor, and the other, 311at the large -r`1i1d e inner sectional contour Iof shell 302, as will be seen from Figure 2, is so shaped that the circles of holes-307 and' 308 'are at the largest internal diameters of, saidchambers 310 -and 311, so that the liqubr discharged from holes 23 vwill flow more readily to the

holes

307 and 308, but said contour may be cylindrical if desired; Outside of the division ring 309 the shells of the chambers 310 and 311are vision ring 309 is made a separate part;so that differently shaped lrings may be inserted, bringing the division edge 313 at different points along mantle 21, thereby varying at will the position of the zone of separation between the diluted and pure liquors' along the slopeof conical mantle 21. The insertion .ofnew divisiongrings 309 in the construction shown `in Fig. 2, maybe /accomplished bymaking said-rin in segmental sections, removing nthe shel member .302 from the machine after. unscrewing its fastening means such as 304,-.removing the ring y 12 the said member 302, and inserting a seg-v mental ring having the desired different thickness. In the case of the modified form fastening means 312 and thering 309 from of invention shown in Fig. 5, an entirely new shell member' 400 having the desired dimensions/and disposition of .its division rim. or edge 313 is substituted for the one in4 use upon removing the latter member after unscrewing its fastenin means 304.

Surrounding the .largeAk end of t e pure liquor 10 connected by the annular disc 312.v The rdi-,

chamberl 310 is -the inner edge 320 of the stationarydeflectingl ring 321, having a concave inner face 322, forming a part of the receiver ,63,- .Opposite deflector 321 is the plane wall 323 connected to ring 321 by the semicircular shell 77, see Figure 1, at the top oftwh-ichis the air .vent 76. Extending inward from'gwall 323 is the circular channel 326 with the end ridge `327. It will be clear from Figs. 1 and 2 there are three

receivers

63, 164, and 66, which are respectively provided with the

vents

76, 176, and 276, and with vhthe outside circular rims 77, 177 and 277, each being of the same construction, and therefore a description of the outside of receiver 66, will serve for the others. Ref rring more particularly to the outside of receiver 66, the edges of the semicircular rim or shell 277, as appears from Fig. 3, are continued down vertically as at 278, and provided with flanges 279, resting on forward extensions 80 of frame 1, to which they are secured by bolts 281. Below the center line, the vouter edges of said rim or shell 277 are extended as la rectangular plane sheet 324, as shown. The upper semicircular part of receiver 66 abovethe center lineisunade removable, b'eing attachedxtothe lower part by bolts 274 passing through flanges V27 3. The bottom 275 of receiver'66 is left open forthe escape ofthe products of separation.

Thel diluted liquor chamber 311 at the large end of mantle21 is surrounded by said stationary receiver '164 similar to receiver 63, with detlecting plate 328having its inner edge 329 near the largest diamete-rof said chamber, and itsinner concave face 330 con- .,nected to the opposite plane wall 331 by said semicircul-ar shell 177. Similarly there is extending from wall 331 the circular channel 333 with end ridge 334.` fAs shown in Figures 1 and 2, the plane of discharge holes.

308 falls between ridge 334 and theinner deflector edge 329. yT e upper semicircular part of receiver 164 is also connected lby' langes 173 and bolts 174 to the lowerv rectangular part having an open bottom 175 and resting with lateral flanges 179 on the eritensons 80 of frame 1.

Hector ring 336, pertaining to the said solids receiver 66 and connected by the semicircular shell 277 above the center lineto thefront wall 337 .and below the center line by the

vertical parts

278 and 324, as shown in .Figures 1, and 3. The bottom 275 of receiver 66, like the bottoms of

receivers

63 and 164, is left open for the escape of the solids, while the part above the center line is also preferably made removable iand con' nected to the lower part by flanges 273 and bots 274. The said flanges 279 'are suitably connected to the said extensions 80 of frame l., by the bolts 281, as shown. The front wall 337 has a large central circulary open- 1' ing 338, around `the edge of which lis bolted the flange 70 of the front plate 58, as previously described.

The operationr` of this machine, so far now described, is as follows:

Power being appli dto the pulley 12'by a A'suitable bolt, the quill' with attached disc the proportions of the

gear train

14, 15, 19

and 7. `At the same time material to be separated is'econtinuously supplied`at a uniform rate throughthe hose 59, elbow 56 and feed tube 54, issuing in an annular spreading jet over the cone 36 from the expanded ltube mouth 55, and in proceedingoutward is caught by the inner surface of cone 34, and through frictionalfcontact is driven by centrifugal force to the large end of said cone. At the same time, and since the inner^ surface of the part 34 is necessarily truly centered from the axis of rotation, if there exists at any plane of rotation a difference in the thickness of material, the hydrostatic pressure due to such difference will cause an equalization of such thickness, so that the materialv will be distributed 4to the inner edges of blades 4l) in practically equal amounts.

The of blades 40-as described, is further accelerated by them in a positive manner, ,and moved outward by centrifugal force, attain ing the velocity of their outer circumference 60, at which velocity it is delivered on to the curved surface 61 at the junction of disc 20 with the small end of mantle 21.'F Frictional 'contact with 61 still further accelerates the material, carrying itoutward and forward into thespace 62 between conveyer` y 'mantle 43 and screen 24, occupied by the Surrounding the enlarged end 28 of mantl@ 21 is'the inner edge 335 of the conical deconveyer, helices 44, which now pick it up aterialldelivered to the inner edges -4 and screw it forward towa'eds the large end 4material is driven out through screen 24 'and holes 23'at the small end of mantle 21, aided air' drawn into the interior of conveyer cone 43 by the action of the fan blades 50, which drive it outward -through .the holes 51 in'said cone 43 into the space62', whence it yis vdriven further out withk the vliquor through the holes 2.3the r air aiding the laoj iol

kcleaning process by blowing ofi' liquid films' adhering to the solid grains of the material.

Generally the action'will be to drive the bulk of the liquor off undiluted by any washing liquid at the small end of mantle 21 up to a point fixed by the position along said mantle of the division edge 313, and chosen to suit the characteristics of kthe particular material being treated. The pure liquor thus entering the` rotating chamber 310 gathers" at and is thrown outward from the circle of holes 307 in aplane sheet through the gap 340 betweendcflector edge 320 and ridge 327. This sheet of liquor strikes the deflector oface 322 on a tangent within the plane of rotation, so as to be thrown tangentially against wall 323, and loses by frictional contact lwith these surfaces most of its energy of motion, so that it comes practically to rest and flows down, escaping either directly at the open bottom 75 or it may strike onto the circular channel 326, and from the sides of said channel it may drip off through said bottom 75. The stilling of the commotion in the liquid in the manner disclosed also permits the air blown in with the liquorto separate out and to escape also at the bottom 75 or at the vent 76 at the top.

The liquor still adhering to the solid par- .Y `ticles,-after the bulk of the'liquor has been driven off in themanner just described, is subjected at t'hc large end of mantle 21 to a wash of water, or other liquid, or steam, supplied through pipe 53, and directed in sprays 317 into the large end of conveyer mantle 43, separated from the rest of the interior space in said mantle by the division plate 318. The wash water thus gathered inside the large end of mantle 43 isforced out centrifugallyl through the holes 51, through the material treated while washing ofil the films or liquor from the solid particles, and through screen 24 and holes 23 into chamber 311; From chamber 311 the mixture of liquor and wash water is thrown outward in a thin plane sheet through the gap 341 between the ridge 334 and the inner edge 329 of deflectorplate 330, and is deflected tangentially against opposite wall n 331, its energy of motion being thereby destroyed' as in the Vcase of the pure liquor described above as being discharged into receiver 63. )The diluted liquor also flows down in a similar manner, escaping at the open bottom 17 5 with some air, while some ofthe air escapes at vent 176.

Thesolids escaping over the edge of the large end of mantle 21 fly outward in the form of a plane sheet and the particles strike onto the conical surface 336'in a tan'- gential direction, being thereby deflected aterally and caused to strike at an angle against. front wall 337, whence they dro downward, some escaping directly throng onto the inner conical surface 338 of front plate 58 and therefrom down and out at 275.

The injectorlike action of the disc shaped discharge from the circles of

holes

307 and 308, respectively through the

gaps

340 and 341, will have the effect of causing inward currents of air to pass at each side of said jets and through said gaps, therebyitending to prevent any liquid from escaping outward from the

receivers

63 and 164 at these places.

The process of continuously separating the liquors from the solids in a mixture in 'two stages, with a liquid wash in the second stage, has been herein specified to be carried out in a continuous centrifuge of the horizontal type, because with this typethe separate collection of more than two products of separation can be eficiently provided for. In the proposed vertical axis types of centrifuges, the discharged products are, by virtue of the vertical arrangement, necessarily col- (lected in annular receivers arranged one within the other and at the same time enshrouding high class driving mechanism, so as to make the mechanism `difficult of access. The difficulty is already serious when only a single liquid receiver is required. The horizontal type of continuousicentrifuge, on the other hand, with itsY `separating elements overhung at one side of the high speed bearings, gears and other delicate parts have herein been shown to be specially adapted for a simple-and accessible arrangement of separate receivers for products.

VVhenAthe solids are solublein the liquor of the mixture, like sugar or salt, by feeding the material cold. less of the solids will generally be carried in solution by the liquor and expelled therewith in the first stage of the liquor separation. The removal of the remaining liquor adhering to the solid particles may thereafter be pei-formel more easisly inthe second stage with a smaller quantity of hot liquid or steam than with a larger quantity of cold wash with perhaps less waste in dissolved solids. l

In the somewhat modified form of the invention illustrated in Figure 5, the construction is-substantially the same as that disclosed in Figures 1, to 4, with the following exceptions: The removable partition 309 between the two chambers 310 and 311 has more than twobeen dispensed with, and the cones or shells 302"'enclosing the perforated mantle 21 have likewise been changedin construction, as illustrated. Further, the escape orifice 300 has bcensomewhat modified and there are other '.dit'erenceawhich will now appear in detai Referring to the said shells forming the chamberslland 310 the pure liquid shell 400 is provided with substantially a cylinadapted to be secured bv the bolt 304 to thef said mantle 21.

Washers

350 and 351 are placed on each side of ,said flange 402 so that 'the said shell 400 may be adjusted longitudinally of'- the axis of the mantle 21, by varying the dimensions of said

washers

350 and 351. An orifice 403 is provided in said flange or end 402. in order to` vfacilitate the manipulation ofthe parts. t

At its smaller end 354 the said shell 400 is provided with a thin rim 313 which may or may not contact with the cut away substantially cylindrical portion or surface 356, with which the said mantle 21 is provided. This said thin rim 313 serves to prevent the pure liquid from escaping from the chamber 310 into the chamber 311.

The shell 405 which forms the chamber 311 is conveniently rigidly secured to the enlarged end 28 of the mantle 21 by means of the annular groove 306 and other suitable fastenings not shown, so that it likewise rotates with the said mantle 21. Said shell 405 is also provided with a portion 406 similar to the portion 401, and the open end of said shell 405 is provided with a downwardly deflected rim portion 358 to the mantle 21 is made o-f a ysufficient axial aid in preventing the escape of liquid therefrom. The cylindrical surface 356 of length to enable the operator to adjust the rim 313 to suitable distances to eflectually separate the pure liquid' from the washed liquids. The holes or perforations 307 with which the shell 400 is provided and the holes 308 with which the shell 405 is provided are preferably located at the greatest diameters of said shells, in order to facilitate the discharge of liquid from the chambers 310 and 311.

The open end of the shell 405 extends preferably well over the smaller end 354 ofthe shell 400 as shown in order topmore effectually separate the pure from the impure liquids.

I The/disc 20 in this said modified form of the invention shown in -Figure 5 is separated from the disk portion 32 by thepspace 319 as in the construction illustrated in Fig- `ure 2, butin addition to this said space 319 the disc/20 is provided with the

annular groove

36,0 into which any oil that may collect in the space 319 will be received. In

placeable separating means such as the partiother words, any oil flowing outward from the bearing 10 along the opposing surfaces of the

discs

20 and 32, will be caught in the circular roove 360 and from said groove it may rea ily escapey into the holes 300.

. ItA further constitutes an important feature of the invention that-there is provided a retion 309 or the edge 313 shown in Figure 5, for the replaceable feature of these devices enables the operator tovreadily vary the proportion or pure-liquor. .to-,be separated out 'to a very.. high degree.-

' Of course, excellent results can be attained without the foregoing features ljust mentioned, but the presence of such features in a machine of this character greatly adds to its efficiency.

It is obvious that those skilled in the art may vary the details of construction, as well. as the arrangement of parts without departing from the spirit of the invention, and therefore, I do not wish to be limited tothe above disclosure except as may be required by the claims. y i

lVhat is claimed is:

1. In an apparatus for continuously sepa.- rating aA liquid from a solid material containing the same, the combination of means. for expelling a portion of the liquid by centrifugal force; means for treating the partially depleted material with a fluid to aid in expelling another portion of said liquid from sai-d material; mean for acting upon saidother portion by centrifugal force to expel the vliquid whilebeing so treated; removable means for varying the proportion of liquid thus treated; means for receiving each of said liquid portions in a separate container; means .to facilitate the expulsion by centrifugal force of each of said portions from said containers into separate receptacles; and means for separately recovering the individual liquid portions thus produced from said receptacles.

2. In an apparatus for continuously separating a liquid from a solid material containing the same, the combination of means comprising a rotating foraminous surface for `expelling a portion of the liquid bycentrifugal force; vmeans for treating the partially depleted material with a fluid to aid in expelling another portion of said liquid fromsai'd material; means comprising a second foraminous surface rigidwith said first named surface for. acting upon said other ortin by centrifugal force to expel the iquid while being so tated; a plurality of containers for separately receivin 4the individual liquid portions thus pro uced; removable means for varying the proportion of liquid thus treated; means to facilitate y the jexpulsion of said portions from said' containers by centrifugal force; and means for collecting said portions for use. 3. In an apparatus for continuously separating a liquid from a solid .material containing the same, the combination of means comprising a rotating foraminous surface for subjecting said material to the action of 130 centrifugal forces; a Second foraminous surfacerlgid with said first named surface also adapted to subject said material to the action i said surfaces for continuously moving said material while said centrifugal forces are acting.

4. In an apparatus for continuously separating a liquid from a solid material containing thesame, the combination of means comprising -a rotating foraminous surface for subjecting said material to the action of 'centrifugal forces; a second foraininous surface rigid with said first named surface also adapted to subject .said material to the action of centrifugal force; removable means dividing said surfaces the one from the other to vary at will the relative proportions of liquid passing` through said firstand second name surfaces; separated collecting chambers associated with said surfaces; means to facilitate the expulsion of liquid from ysaid chambers through the action of centrifugal forces; a liquid receiving Vmeans associated With each collecting chamber; and screw means associated with said surfaces for lcontinuously moving said material `While said `centrifugal forces are acting.

5. In an apparatus for continuously separating a liquid from afsolid Amaterial containing the same the combination of means comprising a rotating foraminous surface for subjecting said material to the action of centrifugal forces; a.V second foraminous surface rigid with said first named surface also adapted to subjectsaid material lto the action of centrifugal force; removable means dividing said surfaces the one from the other to -vary at Will the relative proportions of liquids passing through said surfaces; separated rotating collecting chambers rigidlyl associated With said surfaces; an annular liquid receiving means associated with each.

c 'llecting chamber; and screw means assoelated with said surfacesn for continuously moving said material while said centrifugal forces are acting.

6. In an apparatus for separating a liquid' from a solid aggregate material containing the same, the combination of'mea-ns comprising rotating foraminous surfaces adapted to pass li uids and having a substantially horizontal y disposed axis in common;

means to -vary at will the relative propor'l tlons of liquids passed through said sur-r faces; a plurality of liquid collecting chambers rotating with said surfaces having exits; a receiving means associated with each chamber in register with said exits; and ro- `tating means for forcibly moving said material longitudinally of said axis. i Y

7. In an apparatus for separating a liquid from a solid aggregate'material containing the same, the combination of means comprising rotating foraminous surfaces adapted to pass liquids and having a substantially horizontally disposed axis in common; means to vary at will the relative proportions of liquids passed vthrough said surfaces a plurality of liquid collecting chambers rotating with said surfaces each having a plurality of exits; an annular receiving means associated with each chamber in register with said exits; and a rotating screw means for forcibly moving said material longitudinally rotating surfaces adapted to pass liquids.

andhaving'a substantially horizontally disposed axis in common; means to vary at Will the relative proportions of liquids' passed through said surfaces; means to rotate and move said material longitudinally of said axis beneath said surfaces; a ring like collecting chamber rotating With and connected to each of said surfaces; an annular receiving chamber connected to each of said collecting chambers; and means to receive said solid material after its removal from beneath said surfaces.

9. In an apparatus for separating a liquid from solid lmaterial associated Wit-h the same, the combination of a plurality of foraminous rotating surfaces adapted to pass liquids having a substantially horizontally disposed axis in common; means to rotate and move said material longitudinally of `said -axis beneath said surfaces; means to treat/said moving material While being rotated with a fluid under pressure; a ring like collecting chamber rotating With and connected to each `of said surfaces; mea-ns to vary at will they ,for rotating said cones about saidaxis as a center; a screw conveyer on the inner one ofsaid cones adapted to move the said material over the interior surface of the outer foraminous cone from the small to the large end by a: ditlerence in the v. rotation of -said cones; means, integral with said outer cone and rotating therewith adapted to gatherl and expel outward in a narrow zone, pure liquor separated at the small partA of said outer cone; a receiver for the liquor thus expelled at said zone; a' second means, in-

tegral' with said Kout-er cene, adaptedtoJ gather and expel outward, in ii. narrow zone spaced apart from said firstnained zoneydiluted said diluted liquor; a removgible partition for varying at will-thc relative proportions of diluted and undiluted liquors thus obtained; and althird receiver for the washed solids discharged over thelarge end of said l2. InA an apparatus for continuously sep,

arating .a-'liquid from a solid material con-v taining the same,

the combination of means for 'expelling a pluralityiofn'portions of said liquidy by centrifugal force; means to vary at will the relative proportions of the .portions of liquids thus expelled; rotatin means A to collect said expelled portions and y centrifugal force project the `same in limited zones; yand separate .receivers each having an inlet registering with one :of said zones to receive said expelled portionsot'l liquid.

13. In an apparatus forcontinuousl sep-` arating a liquid from a1 solid materia containing the saine, the combination of means for expelling a 1i uid from said material; means to vary at will the relative pro' ortions of the portions led; a plurality ofrorot liquids thus expe tatiiig means for segregating and recovering liquor separated at the large part oit'- 4 said outer cone; a second receiver for the plurality loi. portionsof saidv said separate liquid portions ;and means for collecting and segregating any oil that might otherwise find its way into said` material.

lll.' In an apparatus Jfor continuously separating a liquid from a solid material containing tlie same, the combination of means for expelling a plurality of portions of said liquid Jfrom said material; means to vary at will the .relative proportions of the portions of liquids thus expelled; a plurality of rotatiiiggmeans for segregating said separate liquid portions; a plurality of annular means for receiving said segregated liquid portions;`and means comprising an annular groove for collecting and segregating any oilthat might otherwise find its way'into said material.

15S In an apparatus for continuously separating a liquid from a solid material containing thesame, the combination of a cone shaped foraininous mantle 'through which said liquid may -be expelled by centrifugal force; a plurality of rotating collecting cone shaped chambers surrounding said mantle for thel reception of the expelled liquid;

Q 16. In an apparatus for continuously sepairating" a liquid'from a solid material con-l taining tlie same, `the combination of a cone shaped oraminous mantle through which said'liquid may be expelled by centrifugal force; a plurality of rotating collecting cone shaped chambers surrounding saidrmantle for the reception of the expelledi liquid;

means to vary at "Will the relative proportions 'of liquids passed through said mantle and collected by said chambers; annular shaped means for receiving and recovering liquid from said chambers; and means for delivering said liquid from said chambers into said receivers in the form of relatively thin ringsy In testimony whereof I af'ixvmy signature.

' l HANS o; y BEHR.

by said chambers; and station-