US1587290A - Incubator - Google Patents

Description

June 1,1926. 1 1,587,290

MLFANDERS I INCUBATOR Filed Nov. 15.. 1923' 2 Shets-Sheet i HARM/v FA/YDf/PSINVENTM.

vvdl ATTORNEY June 1 1926.

M. FANDERS INCUBATOR Filed NOV. 13 1923 2 Sheets-Sheet MARIE/V Fl/YflER-SINVENTOR.

A TTORNEY' Patented June 1 1926.

'PfIENT FFtE.

MARTEN FANDEBS, or DILLER, nsnnnsxa.

INCUBATOR.

Application filed November 13, 1923. Serial No. 674,480.

My invention relates to incubators, and more particularly to the type of incubators in which hot water is employed as the heating medium,

I have found as the result of many years use of incubators that most if not all of the incubators now on the market are not sufficiently responsive to sudden changes in temperature and that this defect is reflected both in the reduced percentage in the hatch and in the lowered vitality of the chicks which are hatched.

My efiorts have been directed toward designing a more perfect thermostat and connections, a more perfect boiler, and a double damper, the boiler being so designed that the temperature of the water can be more quick- 1 y raised and lowered, and the double damper facilitating the deflection of the draft of heated air through or away from the boiler. The invention hereinafter described has for its main objects the provision of the three features above enumerated. Other objects will appear in the description.

Referring now to the drawings which are part of my application, and in which like numerals refer to like parts in the description,

Figure 1 is a view in perspective of the incubator, showing particularly the lamp, boiler, and the external portions of the thermostat connections.

Figure 2 is a vertical section on the line 22 of Figure 1.

Figure 3 shows the thermostat and the connections which are inside the incubator.

Figure 4. is a perspective view of a portion of the thermostatic control rod and its connections.

Figure 5 is a view of the lateral passageway and its shield.

Figure 6 is a sectional View of the lower damper.

Figure 7 is a view of the boiler alone, as it appears when viewed from above,

Figure 8 is a diagrammatic view of the flue and boiler in vertical section, and showing the directions of the hot air currents when both dampers are closed.

Numeral 1O designates the incubator. The hot water pipes 11 carry the heat to the interior of the incubator, these pipes being connected with the boiler 12. The water in the boiler is heated from any convenient source of heat such as the kerosene lamp 13. The hot air currents from the lamp are deflected exterior walls of the boiler.

toward or away from the boiler by means of dampers which are actuated automatically by a thermostat in the chamber of the of the flue is enlarged into more or less of.

a globular form and a short neck projecting upwardly from the globular portion serves as a passage for the heated air from the flue into the boiler. The neck at its upper end supports a flanged collar 14, the upright flanges of which overlap the lower edges of the boiler, The collar 14: has a slightly larger diameter than the boiler 12 and the vertical walls of the collar are preferably corrugated or crinkled. I may however corrugate or crinkle the lower portions of the he neck also carries a heat deflector or shield 15.

In the interior of -the globular portion of the flue is a lateral passageway 16, shown in Figures 2 and 8 and in enlarged view in Figure 5. The lateral passageway 16 has an upper horizontal opening on the inside of the globular portion of the flue and then passes out through the side of the flue to permit the escape of any excess of heated air.

Since this lateral passageway is in the direct draft of heated air, it has beer found desirable to provide a jacket 17 of asbestos or similar heat insulating material. The jacket 17 may be secured to the walls of the flue by means of any suitable fastening device and when thus secured the acket performs a secondary function in supporting the lateral passageway.

Dampers 18 and 19- are provided for opening and closing the upper openings of. the boiler and by-pass respectively. These clamp crs are connected by means of a wire 20 or the like, with the wire projecting above the damper 1S. Lengthwise movement of the wire 20 results in simultaneous movement of the openings.

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In my thermostat I employ a pair of expanding waters 21 since the range or movement is greater in the pair than it would be in a single wafer, The importance of this resides in the fact that very slight Variations in temperature will more readily affect the movements of the dampers. These waters are positioned relatively near the bottom of the egg tray. They are secured to an arm 22 which is carried by the tubular support- 23, the tube 23 passing through an aperture in the side of the incubator where it is secured in rigid relation to the incubator in a inanner hereinafter described. The rod 24 passes through the tube 23 and projects beyond both ends of the tube. At its inner end the rod 24: is bent to form a rocker arm 24 which is preferably flattened and is adapted to rest on the central part of the upper wafer 21.

The arm 25 shown in Figures 1 and at, has an aperture which fits over the protruding end of the tube '28, to which the arm 25 may be secured by means of the set screw The arm 25 is secured to the wall of the incubator by means of screws, bolts or other suitable fastening devices. The rocker arm 27 is secured to the outer end of the rod 2%, the set screw 28 being my preferred securing device. At the outer end of the arm 25 is a support for the rocker 29, the support being adjustable both angularly and vertically on the arm 25. The rocker 29 carries the rocker rod 30, which is adjustable in position on the rocker, there being also provided means for securing the rod 30 in adjusted position. The vertical link 31 is looped at its upper end and in assembling the device the rod is passed through this loop. The lower end of the link 31 passes through an aperture in the outer end of the rocker arm 27 and is held there by means of a'nut or similar device on the lower threaded end of the link 31. One end of the rod 80 is slightly downturned and is connected with the upper end or the wire 20. The free end of the rod 30 is provided with a counterbalancing weight 32, the weight being adjustable on the rod to bring about a condition of equilibrium in the rod 30 on its pivot.

Changes in temperature on the inside of the incubator cause the wafers 21 to expand or contract. W hen the temperature is below normal they contract. The parts being slightly oi'l' balance, the arm 2th is always held in contact with the wafers, so that when the waters contract the arm 2-4 drops slightly to a lower level. This causes he arm 27 to rise which in turn causes a loweringr of the wire 20 carrying the dampers 18 and 19. When thus lowered to their extreme position the two dampers completely air is forced to travel in the channels indicated by the arrows in Figure 8 and to find the exit at the sides of the boiler. This of course directs the heated air against the maximum amount ct surface 01'' the lower portion or the boiler thus causingthe rapid heating of the water in the boiler. As the temperature in the incubator increases wafers expand and thus lift the arm 2 the motion oi the arm 24 being: communicated to gradually lift the dampen; 1S and 19.

The current of heated air will then be deflected by the damper 19 through the lateral passageway 16, and in its e7;- treme upper position the damper 19 will entirely close the opening through which the heat d air reaches the boiler. it the same time a reverse current or cooler air will be set up, the airot the room entering at the sides of the boiler and )assin first l e which may be increased by spacing: the

jacket from the lateral passageway with an air space between. It the lateral passageway were permitted to absorb much heat it would tend to set up a strong current of heated air and to thus result in liuctuations in temperature that would be some what difiicult to control. Likewise the heat shield 15 deflects the outside cu rents of heated air coming from the walls of the chimney so that they will not reach the 5 boiler and disturb the temperatures oi the boiler which are otherwise under perfect control.

Having thus described my invention in terms which will be readily understood by others skilled in the art to which it pertains, what I believe to be new anddesire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is 1. In combination, a vertically positioned due for conducting a current of heated air or gas and being provided with a damper at the outlet thereof, horizontally positioned means in said. flue for conducting the excess of heated air or gas outwardly, said means 1 0 seing also provided with a damper, and thermostatic means tor simultaneously opening or closing both of said dampers, said flue being also provided with an outlet for the discharge of the heated gas and air 1 when both or said dampers are in their closed positions.

2. In combination, a flue for conducting an upwardly moving stream of heated gas,

said flue having an outlet at the upper e The lateral passageway 16, despite its trcrnity thereotl and a second outlet at the side thereof, dampers for both outlits, means for simultaneously actuating said two dampers to opening or closing position, said flue being also provided with a third outlet for the discharge of heated gas when said two dampers are in. their closing positions, the portion of said tine above the third outlet beino; adapted to be surrounded by an incubator boiler whereby the contents of the incubator boiler are heated by the heated gas flowing through the third outlet.

3. In combination, a fine having an outlot at the upper extremity and a second outlet intermediate its upper and lower extremities, a damper device for simulta neously opening; or closing both outlets, thermostatic means for actuating said damper device, said flue being also provided with a third outlet which permits the escape of the heated gas when said damper device is in its closing position, and a disc surrounding said flue, said disc being so positioned to deflect currents of heated air on the outer side of the fine away from the third outlet.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature.

MARTEN FANDERS.

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