US1585656A - Adjustable reamer - Google Patents

Description

F. o. WELL ET An.

'May 25 1926.

ADJ US TABLE REAMER Filed Dec. 18. 1924 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 f w 2 4 .o J g J l 6 wm w l J @WM a WFM Fd J ,J @i Wl L I f w1 1 z f Q i H *.0v J WW j E E. z: @QZUYEMAN May 25 1926.

F. o. -EWELL ET AL ADJUSTABLE REAMER Filed Dc. 1a. 1924 2 Shets-Sheet 2 all Patented May 25, i926.

SHUEY, OF EUMMELS- TOVJN, PENNSYLVANA'.

ADJUSTABLE BEAMER.

Application filed December la; 1324.

This invention relates to tools and machines for cutting and polishing circular bearings and is directed particularly to an improved tool for treating connecting rodv bearings.

One feature ofthe invention'includes the combinationy of a reamerA and burnisherin Which the parts are adjustable. VThis is par-v ticularly useful kas a fixed bench tool.

Another feature includes the arrangement in a device of the type described of adjustable and expansible arms extending from a fixed mounting which mounting also carries the adjusting mechanism.

Another feature relates tothe adjustment of the arms equally from a common center, the arms having cutting and polishing surfaces on the outer portions andV lengthwise of the arms.

rlhe above features and additional advan# tages of the invention are described and c-laimed in th-e following specificationV and claims, and illustrated inthe accompanying drawing, in which:

Figure l represents a side elevation of the tool mounted on a bench, illustrating,` the fixed head in the central portion, the combined reamer and broacher surfaces at the right, and the adjusting mechanism at the left;

Figure 2 is a fr'ont View in elevation loolr-A ing' directly at the center of the tool;

Figure 8 is a longitudinal sectional view of the tool taken on the line 3-3 of Figure 2;

Figure 3a is a modified vieiv of the parts shown in Figure 3 illustrating` the parts in the loosened position with the arms ready for adjustment;

Figure l is a sectional view taken on the line l1-#4 of Figure il;

Figure 5 a sectional view of the adjustable arms taken on the line 5--5 of Figure l Figure 6 .is a side view of the head portion with the retaining;` plate removed, lool;- ingl in the direction of the arrow in Figure 4; and

Figure 7 is an enlarged fragmentary, cross sectional vievv of one of the cutter' arms shovvn in section in Figure 5 and illus trating the respective position of thecutting` edge` and the burnishing surface. z

Like' reference numerals refer to like parts Iin the various figures. j

Referring' in detail. `to the drawingsal.' inl# Serial Eo. 755,744.

dicates the fixed head port-ion having a front face l, and a rearwardly ent-ending boss l projecting as a cylindrical portion. Supportingv means for rigidlyy securing ythe head l to a work bench is int icated at 2 by legs or braces fastened tothe under side of the head i by fastening sc-ev-.fs il and se cured by suitable bolts 2" to a Vhorizontal supportV 2. Adjustable cutter arms 3, 4 and 5 are mounted in the head l and project from the face l in a parallel arrangement. These arms7 as shown in Figure are formed as sectors positioned about a central member' which vvill be further described, and they capable of adjustment radially and equally from this central member. The head l is provided With a series of radially extending` slots, correspondino' in number to the number of the arms, and in` this case identified by the numerals G, 7 and 8, in which are mounted the respective cutter arms 3, l and 5. The side Walls of eachr slot in the figures are indicated by the numerals 6, T and 8, and the back wall is indicated'by the numeral 6, 7 and 8a. These slots are shown as having` square corriera and the corresponding portionxof the cutter arms is preferably formed to have a fairly close sliding fit With the Walls of the slot. rllhe arms are thus firmly and rigidly'mounted in the head and project from one face thereof. and in other Words, from one eXtreme side wall thereof, and the arms are thus supported at one end only by and project from the Walls of the slots in the face. This is in contrast to linovvntypes of radial movable cutters, such as pipe cutters or expanders, wherein the movable parts are slidable in a slot, the walls of'ivhic'h embrace both ends and possibly lalso the side portions of the. movable parts. Obviously the Walls of the slot might have some other` shape and this is immate rial so long as the cutter arms are firmly mounted therein for radial adjustment. The parallel arms must remain parallel in all adjustments for the reason that they are thus firmly held for radial movement only. rThe device includes particular means for providing] for ease in adjustment of the arms and also for renewing-the parts which may become Worn by frequent adjustment of th-e arms in the slots. This means ire cludes the 'use of a series ofkeyway memu` bers@ which substantially circular' liti " cross section and which are positioned one on either side or the cutter arms Within the slots. These members 9 are inserted in substantially the following manner. A half round lgroove is formed in the side Wall of the slot and Within the head portion, as indicated at 10, and a corresponding half round groove is formed in the arm portion, as indicated at 11. Together these grooves form a keyivay which is round and Which is capable ot receiving the cylindrical pin 9. The hai if round keyivays may be formed by drilling` a hole when the cutter arm is in `aosition in its slot. Each member 9 has a laterally extending' lug 9l engaging a corresponding depression in the member 1 to prevent: the key members from turning. lilhenever vrea r ot the parts tends to loosen the connection between the cutter arms and the key nieinbers, the key members may be renevvcd and lost motion eliminated. A retaining plate 12 is provided to bridge each ot theslots and to prevent the removal of the pins 9, and to limit the extreme radial movement of the cutter arms. These retaining plates 12 have depressions on their inner races indicated at 12EL which are substantially between the respective pairs ot key members 9. A corresponding depres- Vsion is termed in each of the cutter arms between the respective pairs ot key members as indicated at 3, 43 and 5, Tn each pair ot depressions is mounted a spring 13 Which thus entends in a position subtantially parallel to the key member in each slot. This spring 13 normally exerts a pressure on the cutter arm and tends to keep it in its central position and against the central actuating shatt. as will he described. Suitable :tastening` screivs 12" are provided for securing the plates on the head 1, and the head 1 may be provided u'ith a tlattened portion 1c adjacent each slot itl the under face ot' the plate member 19. is provided with a corresponding plane surface, as illustrated in the drawings. The hea d 1 has screiv threaded openings 12.c tor the reception ot the fastening screws 12h, and it also has a pin 12l Which is adapted to tit into corresponding hole in the plate to assist in the proper and ready posil Zouing o t the plate over the slot opening.

The ipieculiar shape of the cutterarmsivill be. understood by reiterring to the sectional views il and The cutter arms 3 and 1 are substantially identical in shape, and each has on it tivo relatively dat 'faces l/t which are not cutting faces and are not intended to come into Contact With any survtace treated. Cutting edges are indicated at 15. and these are similar to known forms of reainer cutting edges in that they extend lengthwise. lllork is reained when it is moved counter clockwise, looking at Figure 2. The cutting edges 15 lie in the arc of a circle passing through them and the center ot which is in the axial Work center of each of the arms Which happens to be the center ot the shaft 19, to be described. he present arrangement has radially adjustable arms, each provided With a cutting edge. Each arm has a burnishing surface 16 which serves to smooth and polish the metal treated Whenever the Work is moved clockwise, which is in a reverse direction from the usual reaming movement and which. is counter-clockwise looking at Figure This burnishing surface 16 extends from the cutting edge to the left end with a gradually decreasing curved surface which is less than that oit the curve ot the path ot tra-vel ot the cutting edge. The curvature of this surface is thus not the saine as the arc ot a circle Which would pass through the cutting edge 15 and have its center on the central Work axis of the arm. The cutter arm 5 has no cutting edge 15, but has its entire outer surface curved and smooth7 as indicated at 17. This surface 17, mentioned in the claims as a Work-engaging surface, extends lengthwise of the arm 5 and substantiallythe full length thereof. l t Will be noted that burnishing surfaces 16 lie alongside of the cutting edges terminating at one side in the cutting edge, and are substantially (2o-extensive with the length ot the cutting edges. Each of the arms 3, 1. and 5 has cut-ting portions 18 formed on the curve next adjacent the head end ot the arms, which cutting portion is a radial reamer :t'or treating the curved edges ot hearings. Each of the cutter arms has a shoulder in engagement With the face 1a of the head portion, which shoulder is merely a continuation of the arm on either side ot the slot opening.

Actuatiug means for adjusting the. position ot the arms 3, 4 and 5 is provided by a, central shaft 19 which has a tapered porti on extending from the head 1 in engagement with a correspondingtapered.

opposite end of the shaftt 19 is provided With screw threads 9.0 in engagement with corresponding threads in the head, and movement ot the threaded portion serves to advance or retract the conical portion 19. Between the portions 19 and 20 is au inter mediate cylindrical portion 21 which is litted into a corresponding circular bearing portion in the head, and which serves to maintain the alineinent of thev actuating shaft ivith respect to the head and arms. The eXtreme end portion oi the shal't 19 is provided with screiv threads 22, ou which are mounted the fastening means for securing the free ends of the cutter arms, as will be described. The rear end or threaded end of the shaft is provided With a grip or handle portion 23 which is keyed at 23a to the shaft 19, and Which is provided with a.

surface on the central side oit each oli the cutter arms. The A lil) fastening screw 3, thus effectively preventing relative rotation or endwise movement of the part 23 withy respect to the shaft. The grip portion 23 hasY a forward portion 23c formed as an annular shell adapted to encircle the cylindrical surfaceofthe part- 1", and also adapted to receive thereon calib ations to assist inthe accurate'adjustment of the parts. On the'cylindrical outer surface of the portion 1b is provided a lengthwise extending line 1, which serves as an index for use with" the calibrations on the part 23C. Extension gripping means is provided by the screws 23d fitted into the grip portion 23 and thus constituting a star wheel. In order that wear may be eliminated and lost motion prevented, the shaft 19 is provided with a removable sleeve 1e, which is fitted into'the head portion 1 from the rear end thereof. This portionk 1e con'- tains the threads for engagement with the thread 2O and the cylindrical bearing surface in which the portion 21 slides.

The parallel cutter arms extend from the head and terminate with substantially free ends. Fastening means for securing the free ends ,in any predetermined position is provided by the following combination of parts. The ends of the cutter arms 3, 4 and 5 are tapered down sharply providing the inclined surface 24- on each arm. The inside of each arm is likewise tapered down from the outer' end inwardly providing corresponding inner inclined surfaces 25 on each arm. On the threaded portion. of the shaft is a cone shaped nut 26 having the small end thereof adapted to fit into the inner inclined faces of the cut-ter arms. This nut 26 has a rear portion 26'r1 which is screw threaded to the threaded portion of the shaft, and a forward portion 26b which is not screw threaded, but is provided with a cut awayjportion next to the shaft so as to enable it to move along the shaft and to project part way over the tapered portion of the member 19. This nut 26 is thus adapted to support the free ends of the cutter arms against movement centrally. Locking means for holding the free ends of the cutter arms firmly against the conical nut 26 is provided by an annular cup shaped member 27, which is loosely fitted over the threads 22 of the shaft 19 and has a central opening 273. an .inclined face 2T" on the inner surface thereof which slopes outwardly and which is adapted to rest on the inclined faces 24 of the cutter arms. A locking nut 28 is screw threaded to the portion 22 of the shaft and is adapted to hold the annular member 27 firmly against the outer ends of the cutter arms and to press them against the conical nut 26. Adjustment outwardly ofthe parallel arms is effected solely by means oftheinanipulation of' the grip mem- It also has v ber 3' operatingy through the cam of the shaft. 19. The springs 13 tend to return theE arms centrally and hold them against.

the shaft 19. The arms cannot move from the parallel position because they are securely held in the radial slots 6, 7 and 8. To adjust the arms outwardly, it is necessary that the cup shaped member 27 and its locking nut 28 be loose and free from the ends of the arms. To adjust the arms centrally, it' is equally necessary that the cone shaped nut 26 be withdrawn so that the arms may close freely to the desired position, after which the nut 26 may be returned to snugly support the ends of the arms, and then the member 27 and the nut 28 may clamp the ends of the arms against the nut 26. The nut 26 and the parts 27 and 28 should not be used to distort the arms from their parallel positions.

Claims to the locking feature are presented in the cojiending application Serial No. 550,082 to Ewell, Shuey and Vandergrift.

The manner of using the tool will now be explained. A circular bearing, such as a connecting rod bearing mounted in a connecting rod, is moved endwise over the outer end of the cutter arms and the arms are then expanded to the proper operating position by manipulation of the grip member 23. The purpose of this tool is to reduce the metal in any Babbitt or other bearing when the latter is moved in a connter clockwise direction about the cutter arms, presuming that the operator stands facing the side 1a of the head member 1. The cutting effect is obtained by means of the 1Knife edges 15 on the cutter arms 3 and 4, sufficient clearance being allowed so that the bearing metal will not be ont, torn or pulled, but will be formed into a hardened, smooth, cylindrical surface. This is due not only to the angle in which the edge 15 is cut into the arm but also to the fact that the portion 16 of the arm., directly behind the edge or the heel of the cutting edge, is in contactwith the Babbitt metal holding it down and cutting it without tearing or pulling and also compressing it to some extent. In other words, the effect is the same as if a breach had been used. Then, after the arms have been expanded a few thousandths of an inch, the bearing is moved in a clockwise direction, bringing into use the smooth surfaces 16, and there is produced a burnished effect on the bearing metal. No other subsequent treatment is necessary before placing the bearing on its journal. The arms may then bc contracted and the bearing slipped off of the end of the arms.

It is important to note the difference between a hand scraped bearing and the effect produced bythe tool-lof this inven-i ldd LIt)

tion. rllhe use of a hand scraping process leaves a comparatively soft spongy surface which must be hardened and seated by actual contact with the journal while in operation, and subsequently the bearing should be adjusted in order to malre it fit properly. lith the use of this tool, however, the bearing metal has been seated and the surface glazed to such an extent that the bearing should not require adjustment after operation. The glaze produced on the surface of the bearing by the use of this tool is a live, compressed glaze and not a` dry, hard, brittle glaze such as is ordinarily produced when a bearing is burned in with oil.

One of the chief advantages of the use of this tool is the amount of time saved in fitting bearings. In practice it has been found that a set of four connecting rod bearings has been fitted in fifty minutes, as compared to the usual live to ten hours required in fitting hand scraped bearings. rlhe wearing of the bearing produced by the use of this tool is not as rapid as that common to hand scraped bearings.

It is obvious that by means of differentsised sets of cutter arms this tool will be capable of use in a wide range of different size bearings.

die claim:

l.. in a tool, a cutter arm having thereon a cutting edge, extending lengthwise of Said arm, and said arm having an axial work center lengthwise thereof, and a curved and smooth burnishin g surface extending lengthwise of said cutting edge immediately adjacent thereto, and the curvature t-hereof being different than the are of a circle which passes through the cutting edge and has its center in said axial center.

ln a tool, a cutter arm having .thereou a cutting edge, extending lengthwise 0f said arm, and said arm having an axial work center lengthwise thereof, and a curved and smooth' burnishing surface extending lengthwise of said cutting edge immediately adjacent thereto, and terminating at said cutting edge, and the curvature thereof being different than the arc of a circle which passes through the cutting edge and has its center in said axial center.

il. ln a tool, a stationary head, means to secure said head to a support, adjustable members mounted in said head and projecting therefrom and lixed against endwise movement with respect to said head, and parallel cutting edges on the outer faces of said members, and means mounted for endwise movement with respect to said head and adJ able members to adjust said members into expanded or contracted positions.

la In a tool, a stationarj7 head, a plurality of parallel adjustable arms mounted in said head and projecting therefrom, one of said arms having a curved. smooth contact surface, and each of the others of said arms having a cutting edge extending lengthv-:ise thereof and parallel to the next adjacent cutting edge.

5. In a tool, a stationary head, a plurality of parallel adjustable arms mounted in said head and projecting therefrom, at least one of said arms having a curved smooth contact surface extending lengthwise thereof.

6. In a tool, a stationary head, and a plurality of adjustable arms mounted in said head, at least one of said arms having a combined cutting` portion extending in a straight line and a burnishing portion extending lengthwise thereof.

7. In a tool, a stationary head, and a plurality of adjustable arms mounted in said head for adjustment radially, at least one of said arms having a combined cutting portion extending in a straight line and a burnishing portion extending lengthwise thereof.

S. A tool comprising a head portion. a plurality of cutter arms mounted in said head and projecting therefrom and at least one of which is movahe with respect to said head, and actuating means carried by said head and coacting with said movable critter arm to move said arm with respect to said head and the other of said cutter arms, and resilient means for normally and yieldiugly7 holding said arm against the action of said actuating means.

9. A tool comprising a stationary head portion, a plurality of parallel cutter arms mounted in said head and projecting therefrom and fixed against endwise movement with respect to said head, and l'iaving parallel cutting edges lengthwise on said arms, at least one of said arms being` movable with respect to said head, and actuating means carried by said head and mounted for endwise movement with respect to said head and cutter arms and coacting with said movable critter' arm to move said arm with respect to said head and the other of said cutter arms.

l0. A tool comprising a head portion, a plurality of parallel cutter arms each movably mounted in said head for adjustn'ient radially and j'n'ojecting therefrom, actuating means carried by said head and coaeting with said cutter arms to adjust them radially with respect to each other and raid he il and resilient means for normally u! yic. lingly holding said arms against sind actuating means.

ll. A tool comprising a head portion, a plurality of parallel cutter arms each movably mounted in said head for adjustment radially and projecting therefrom, an actuating shaft mounted in said head and projecting from said head centrally between said cutter arms and arranged to move said arms radially, and resilient means for normally ien ltl5

Fil

and yeldingly holding said arms against said actuating shaft.

12. A, tool comprising a head portion, plural of parallel cutter arms each moyably mounted in said head `for adju radially and projecting therefrom, an actuating shait having a screw threaded engagement with respect to said head andhavone end projecting vfrom said head centrally as a tapered portion between said cutter arms and arranged to move said arms radially, the opposite end of said shaft prosaid head having a rearwardly extending cylindrical portion, and grip means mounted on said opposite end and constituting actuating means 'for said shaft, and calibrations on said grip means.

13. A tool comprising a head portion, a plurality of parallel cutter arms each movably mounted in said head for adjustment radially and projecting theretrom, an actuating shaft-having a screw threadedY engagement with respectto said head and having;` one end projecting trom said head centrally as a tapered `portion'between said cutter arms and arrangedto move said arms radially, the opposite end of said shaft projecting from the opposite side of said head, said head having a rearwardly extending cylindrical portion, and grip means mounted on said opposite end land adaptedto encircle said cj-,flindrical portion of said head, and

.alibrations on said grip means.

1li. fr tool comprising a stationary head portion having a plurality or radially extending slots in yone end Yface-thereof, a separate cutterl arm movably mounted in each slot and rigidly supported by the Walls thereof and extending at right angles from said head and constantly parallel with the ext adjacent arm, and actuating means for adjusting said arms radially in said slots.

l5. i tool comprising a. stationary head portion having a plurality oit radiallyeX- tcnding slots in one end tace thereof, aseparate cutter arm moyably mounted in each slot and rigidly supported by the Walls thereof and extending at right angles 'from *aid head and constantly parallel Wit-hthe next adjacent arm, and actuating means for adjusting said arms comprising a lshatteritending through said head andcentrally between said arms and having a tapered portion engaging said arms to adjust them radially.

1G. ri tool comprising stationary head portion having a plurality of radially extending slots in one end ace'thereol', aseparate cutter "in movably mounted in each slot and rigidly supported by :thel walls thereof and extending at right angles from .raid head and constantly parallel with the next adj acent arm, and actuating means tori adjusting said arms comprising aisnaft exclination ot the tapered portion ot' said shaft.

17. A tool comprising a head portion lhaving a plurality of radially extending slots, 'a separate cutter arm adjustabiy lmounted in each slot and projecting trom jectrng Yfrom the opposite side ofv said head, I

of each ot said slots, a second set of corresaid head, a lirst set of keyways lin the walls spending keyways in the adjacent faces ot each cutter arm Within said slots, and a key member fitting in the keyways of said slot Wall and said cutter arms, said keys constituting combined keys and guideways for said adjustable cutter arms.

18. A tool .comprising a head portion haying a plurality of radially extending slots, a separate cutter arm adjustably mounted in eachslot and projecting from said head,

a first set or' keyways in the Walls of each ot said slots, a second set of corresponding keyways in the adjacent races ot each cutter arm -Within said slots, said first and said second keyWays being substantially semicircular, and a key member substantially circularI in cross section littling in the said keyways, said keys constituting combined keys and guideways for said adjustable cutter arms.

19. tool comprising a head portion having a plurality 01"' i 1ially extending slots, a separate cutter aim adjustably mounted in each slot and projecting from said head, a first set or keyways in the Walls olf each of said slots, a second set of corresponding keyways in the adjacent laces of each cutter arm Within said slots, a key member iitting in the keywaysotl said slot Wall and said cutter arms, said keys constituting combined keys and guideways for said adjustable cutter arms, and a plate mounted on said head and bridging the outer ends ot' said slots and covering the outer ends' ot said key members.

20. A tool comprising a head portion haying a plurality ot radially extending slot-s, a separate cutter arm adjustably mounted in each slot and projecting` 'from said head, a first set of keyways in the Walls ot each ot said-slots, a second set ot corresponding key- Ways in the adjacent faces of each cutter arm Within said slots, a key member littinal in the keyways of said slot Wall and said cutter arms, said keys constituting combined keys and guideways for said adjustable cutter arms, a plate mounted on said head and bridging the outer ends ot said slots and covering the outer ends of s id key members, and fastening means 'for securing said plate to said head.

2l. A tool comprising a head portion having a plurality of radially extending slots, a separate cutter arm adjustably mounted in each slot and projecting from said head, a first set of keyways in the walls of each of said slots, a second set of corresponding keyways in the adjacent faces of each cutter arm within said slots, a key memberlitting in the keyways of said slot wall and said critter arms, said keys constituting eombinedkeys and guideways for said adjustable cutter arms, a plate mounted on said head and bridging the outer ends of said slots and covering the outer ends of said key members, and a spring between said key members and in engagement with the inner face of each of said plates and the cutter arms and normally yieldingly holding said cutter arms away from said plates.

22. A tool comprising a stationary head portion, expansible critter arms mounted in said head portion and rigidly supported therefrom and adjustable radially and fixed against endwise movement with respect to said head portion, and an actuating member for adjusting said arms mounted in said head and having one portion thereof screw threaded with respect to said head and another portion cylindrical in shape and slidably mounted in a corresponding bearing portion of said head.

23. A tool comprising a stationary head portion, a plurality of expansible cutter arms mounted in said head portion and rigidly supported therefrom and adjustable radially and fixed against endwise movement with respect to said head portion, said arms being parallel to each other and having parallel cutting portions extending lengthwise thereof, and an actuating shaft for adjusting said arms mounted in said head and movable endwise therein and ha 7ing a tapered portion in contact with and movable lengthwise of said cutter' arms.

2li. ln a tool, a stationary head, and a plurality of adjustable arms mounted in said head for adjustment radially, each of said arms having a burnishing portion extending in a straight line lengthwise of said arm and at right angles to the path of adjustment of said arms and substantially parallel to the burnishing portion on the next adjacent arm.

in a device of the class described, an arm having a guide surface conforming substantially to a segment of a cylinder', and a longitudinally extending cutting edge located at the same radial distance from the axis of the cylinder as said guide surface, but at the opposite side of said axis, and a burnishing surface adjacent said cutting edge, said burnishing surface being curved transversely of the arm and disposed on an arc passing through said cutting edge but lying inside of an arc centered on said axis.

26. In a tool, a head portion and a plurality of parallel cutter arms having a culling edge extending lengthwise thereof, and having a curved and smooth burnishing surface extending immediately adjacent to and lengthwise of said cutting edge.

27. In a tool, a head portion, and a plurality of parallel cutter arms adjustably mounted in said head portion, at least one of said cutter arms having a cutting edge extending lengthwise of said arm and having a curved and smooth burnishing surface extending immediately adjacent to and lengthwise ot' said cutting edge and terminating at said cutting edge.

28. In a tool, a head portion, and a plurality of parallel arms extending from said head and grouped about a common center from which the extreme outer portions of said arms are equi-distant, said plurality of rms including a plurality of cutter arms having cutting edges extending lengthwise thereof, a work engaging surface on one of said arms and parallel to said cutting edges, at least one of said cutter arms having also a curved and smooth burnishing surface extending immediately adjacent to the cutting edge and curved from said cutting edge inwardly from the circumference of the circle which would pass through said cutting edges and said work engaging surface.

29. In a tool, a head portion, anl a piurality of parallel arms adjustably mounted in saidlhead and extending from said head ant grouped about a common center from which the extreme outer portions of said arms are equi-distant, at least one of said arms constituting a cutter arm and having a cutting edge extending lengthwise thereof, a work engaging surface on one of said arms and parallel to said cutting edge, said cutter arm having also a curved and smooth burnishing surface extendin r immediately adjacent to the cutting edge and curved transversely of the cutter arm and disposed on an arc passing through said cutting edge but lying inside of an arc centered on the common center and passing through the eutting edge and the work engaging surface.

30. A tool comprising a stationary head portion having a plurality of radially extending slots, a separate cutter arm movably mounted in each slot, each cutter arm having one end only in its respective slot and rigidly supported by and from the walls of its slot.

8l. A tool comprising a stationary head portion having a plurality of radially extending slots, a separate cutter arm movably mounted in each slot, each cutter arm having one end only in its respective slot and rigidly supported by and from the walls of its slot, the plurality of cutter arms extending from said head in substantially parallel arrangement and with the cutting portions parallel.

32. A tool comprising a combined cutter and polisher of elongated form having a cutting edge extending` lengthwise thereof, said edge arranged to eut in one direction only, and said tool having an opposed polishing surface disposed at the other side of the axis thereof from said edge, and that side of the axis carrying the polishing surface being free from cutting edges.

33. A combined reamer and polishing 1oar having thereon a cutting edge extending lengthw of said bar, and said bar having an axial work lei thwise thereof, and a curved l smeotn hurnishing surface extending lengthwise of' said cutting edge and immediately adjacent thereto, the curvature of said hurnishing smface beine' different 't3 t ian the arc of a circle which passes through ie cutting e and has its center in said a; work een .Y

34. A combined reamer and polishing bar having thereon a cutting edge extending lengthwise of said har, and said bar having an axial work center .lengthwise thereof, and a curved and smooth burnishing surface extending lengthwise of said cutting edge immediately adjacent thereto, and terminating at said cutting edge, the curvature of said burnishing surface being different than the arc of a circle which passes through the cutting edge and has its center in said axial Work center.

225i. combined reamer and polishing har for treating bearings, said bar having a first work engaging portion extending lengthwise of said bar adapted to operate on the metal of a bearing when moved in a given direction, and a second work engaging portion extending lengthwise of and alongside of said first portion and adapted to operate on the metal of a bearing when the relative direction of movement of the tool and bearing` are reversed from said gi direction, said har having an axial work center lengthwise thereof, and said second work engaging portion extending heyond the plane of revolution having its center in said axial work center and its circumference passing' through and ineluding said first work engaging portion.

3G. ln a tool, a straight cutter arm havinf thereon a straight cutting edge extending lengthwise of said arm, and a curved and smooth burnishing surface extending lengthwise of said cutting edge immediately adjacent thereto.

Si". ln a tool, a straight cutter arm having thereon a straight cutting edge extending lengthwise of said arm, and a curved and smooth burnishing surface extending lengthwise of said cutting edge immediately adjacent thereto, and terminating at said cutting edge.

38. In a tool, a head portion and a plurality of parallel straight cutter arms having a straight cutting edge e-ztcnding lengthwise thereof, and having a curved and smooth burnishing surface extending immediately adjacent thereto and lengthwise of said cutting edge.

89. ln a tool, a head portion, and a plurality of parallel straight cutter arms adjustably mounted in said head portion, at least one of said cutterarms havinstraight cutting edge extending lengtli\\":e of said arm and having a curved and sino-in burnishing surface extending immediately adjacent to and lengthwise of said cutting edge and terminating atsaid .cutting edge.

40. ln a tool, a. head portion, and a plurality of parallel arms extending from said head and grouped about a common .center from which the extreme outer portions of said arms are equi-distant, said plurality of arms including a plurality of cutter arms each having straight cut-ting edges extending lengthwise thereof, a work engaging surface on one of said arms and parallel to said cutting edges, at least one of said cutter arms having also a curved and smooth burnishing surface extending immediately adjacent to the cutting edge and curved from said cutting edge. inwardly from the circumference of the circle which would pass through said cutting edges and said work engaging surface.

4l. In a tool, a head portion, and a plurality of parallel arms adjustably mounted in said head and extending from said head and grouped about a commen center from which the extreme outer portions of said arms are equi-distant, at least one of said arms constituting a cutter arm and having a straight cutting edge extending lengthwise thereof, a work engaging surface on one of said arms and parallel to said cutting edge, said cutter arm having also curved and smooth burnishing surface extending iminediately adjacent tothe cutting edge and curved transversely of the cutter arm and disposed on an are passing through said cutting edge but lying inside of an are centered on the common center and passing through the cutting edge and the work engaging surface.

42. A tool comprising a combined cutter and polisher of straight elongated form having a straight cutting edge extending lengthwise thereof, said edge arranged to cut in one direction only, and said tool having an opposed polishing surface disposed at the other side of the axis thereof from said straight cutting edge.

43. A combined reanier and polishing bar of straight elongated form having thereon a straight cutting edge extending lengthwise of said har7 and-a curved and smooth burnishing surface extending lengthwise of said cutting edge and immediately adjacent thereto.

said Work center, said first work engaging portion being adapted to operate on the metal of a bearing when moved in n given direction, and a second Work engaging poi'- tion extending lengthwise of and zilongside of said first portion and adepte-d to operate on the metal of a bearing when the relitiri;` direction of movement of the tool and hearn ing are reversed from said given direction.

In testimony whereof We :illix our sig` natures.

FRANK O. EWELL. VILLIAM MEADE SHUEY.

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