US1584764A - Drying mechanism and the like - Google Patents

Description

May 18 1926.

5. GERTZ DRY ING MECHANISM AND THE LIKE Filed Oct. 26. 1922 INVENTOR. 5am 2162 G'erlf;

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SAMUEL GEETZ, OF CLEVELAND, 0510, SSIGNOR TO THE C. O. BARTLETT & SNOW COMPANY, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO, A CGR-PORATION OF OHIO.

DRYING MECHANISM AND THE LIKE.

Application filed October 26, 182-2. Serial No. 597,150.

lhe present improvements, relating as indicated to drying mechanism, have more particular regard to so-called rotary cylinder driers, but are equally applicable to kilns or retorts of such rotary cylinder type. In driers of the type in question, the rotary cvlinder is usually supported at a slight incline in a furnace chamber, the gases from the furnace coming into contact only with the outside of the cylinder and the vapors or gases evolved inside the cylinder belng withdrawn through an opening at either end of the latter. A serious difliculty, however, arises in the-operation of such a drier where finely coinminuted or powdered materials are being treated due to the dust created by the passage of the vapors or gases through the cylinder in the usual longitudinal direction. The velocity of such current, at least at certain points in the cylinder, becomes suthcient to carry off a measurable quantity of the material, which must be recovered, if erious loss is to be avoided, quite aside from the nuisance which such dust constitutes. A similar situation is of course presented where avapor of any hind or a is given off from the material being treated in a rotary cylindrical kiln or retort and such vapor or gas requires to be educted.

The object of the present invention, accordingly, is the provision of means for use in such rotary cylinder driers, kilns or retorts, whereby part or all of the moisture or other vapors or gases, given off from the material being treated, may be withdrawn transversely of the cylinder instead oi in the usual longitudinal direction, thus avoiding the creation in any part or the cylinder of a current of such velocity and direction as will carry with it dust from the material. Another object is to provide for the regulation of the rate of withdrawal to suit the needs of a particular operation.

To the accomplishment of the foregoing and related ends, the invention, then, consists of the means hereinafter fully described and particularlypointed out in the claims, the annexed drawing and the following description setting forth in detail certain mechanism embodying the invention, such disclosed means constituting, however, but

one of various mechanical forms in which the principle of the invention may be used.

In said annexed drawing a Fig. 1 is a longitudinal central section of a rotary cylinder drier wherein my present improvements have been incorporated; Fig. 2 isa transverse section of the drier cylinder at a point intermediate of its ends; Fig. 3 is a transverse section, on a larger scale, of a duct within such drier cylinder that forms a feature of the present inven tion; Fig. a is a. broken longitudinal section or such duct, the plane of the section being indicated by the line 4rti, Fig. 3; and Figs. 5, 6 and '7 are sectional views, similar to that of Fig. 3, but showing modified forms of the duct in question.

As shown in Fig. 1, the rotary cylinder that constitutes the drying chamber proper is of usual elongated form, being rotatably mounted on suitable bearings 2 and 3 adj acent its respective ends. Such cylinder inclines slightly from the horizontal so that material supplied to its interior at the higher end, e. g. the left, as shown in Fig. 1, will gradually move under the influence of gravity towards the opposite end as the cylinder is rotated. Any suitable form of feed device may of course be employed to supply the material to such first mentioned,

end of the cylinder, a screw conveyor a being shown by way of illustration. It will be understood that save for such feed device, the end in question is otherwise closed, as by means of a fixed head 5, while the opposite end is connected with a closed chamber 6 adapted to receive the material as it is discharged from such end. For rotating the cylinder an annular gear 7 is enteriorly attached thereto, preferably at the front end, such gear being driven "from a suitable pinion 8 as need not be further described-i Substantially the entire portion of the cylinder lying between the bearings 2 and 3 is located within the walls of a heating chamber 10, the detailed construction of which likewise is not of present interest, such ch amber being shown, byway of illustration, as being heated by means of a grate ll-located at the end adjacent the forward or upper end of the cylinder, while a flue 12 connected with the opposite end of the chamber serves to conduct the smoke and gases of combustion a vay therefrom after such gases have circulated around the cylinder. A series ot longitudinally extending ribs 13. secured to the inner wall of the vlindcr, is provided to keep the n'iaterial iroin collecting in the bottom.

Extending longitudinally oi a cylinder, pret'eral'ih all of its length, and preferably lying in the upper portion thereof, is a pipe or duct l t. One end of this duct is supported in the stationary head at the forward end of the cylinder, while the other end of said duct is supported in the housing (3 at its lower end oi the cylindr when said duct extends the entire lei 5th of the cylinder as shown in Fig. 1. Such duct, in other words, is supported independently of the cylinder and is stationary relatively thereto. A fan 15, or equivalent n'icans tor producing the suction within said duet ll, is con nected with the forward end of the la. and such duct is pro 'ided in that portion which lies within the cylinder witl a series of openings 16. The suction produced by fan 15, as aforesaid, will accordingly he cts from the insuch openthence dist'ective to draw 'apors or ase tcrior of the cylinder through ings 16 into the duct and charge them.

The number of openins; spacing, thereof, may he particular use to which the drier is being put. Furthermore, means may he provided to 'ary the size of the openings, either he size of all such openings simultaneously or of ditl'ercnt openings or group of openings independently of the others. Preferably the duct 1% will he of the rectangular cross-scction shown in Figs. 2 and 3, with one of its longer dimensions disposed rertically, and the openings 16 will he formed in the downwardly directed sides of the duct. For the puroose of regulating; such openings. slides 17 will he sccuret. against the inner races of the same walls, respectively, such ocs having openings corresponding with tie openings 16 so that the latter may he left entirely unohstructed in one position oi the slides. hut by moving the latter longitudinally of the walls against which they rest, the openings 16 may be more or less co1ngletely closed. Any suitable means ina he, of course. provided for operating the slides, the means shown comprising a handled rod 18 at the forward end of the duct that is attached to each one of the slides.

The form of the duct 16 may he varied rithoul; departing 'ZGJD. the spirit of the invention. Thus, in F 5, I show a duct. ll of similar rectangular cross-section and Similarly disposed. However, the upper walls of the duct are formed with overhanging extensions 20 that serve to protect the openings ill in the lower valls against the entrance of dust or ine material 'lron'i the cylinder. In Fig. (3, a duct 22 of circular cross-section is shown, the openings :23 there- I rolaiahle t and adaplcrwcd in cro.-;s-s.-ction. while the louver parti I1 is angular so as to present two inclined walls similar to the lO'i'fOl' w; lls ol the first described duct 16. As before, the openings I will preferably lZO formed in such inclined walls since su h dust as is produced in the rotation oi the cylinder will have that much less tendency to enter the duct. ln any event, the dusting produced in the ope! zz-lioa o1 the drier will he greatly lessened due to the reduction in the velocity of the currents drawn ll1l0l""fll the several openings in the duct 16, or its equivalent, as compared with the base where the entire current oi air or gas is drawn len 'thwise through the cylinder. Such currents as an produced will furthermore he transverse of the axis ol the cylinder and hf. sh din the openings in the duct, the dust .l in 1211 e part he returned to the hodj. ol natcrial in the cylinder instead of hein g drawn oli". Finally. by providing dilli'ercntsizing or spacing of the openings in the duct lengtliv.'is-:, thereof, as well as by providing for the :djustinent of the size of such opciings. the rate at which the gases are withdrawn from dil'lerent portions ol the cylindcfs interior may be exactly regulated to suit conditions. Thus, ohviousy where the operation is a simple drying one. moisture or water vapor being expelled from the material, the volume of such vapor will ordinarily he much greater in the initial stage of dry-in" i.

I "-77 at the upper end of the cylindcr, than in the linal stage where the material is heated niost higlny in order to drive ol' rho last traces of inoisluik. lly incans o in improved ('(HlrlllltilO'Q. i an: enabled to vary the suction in such dillereut portions ol the cylinder as to talcc are of the moisture present, and a vcrv small amount of suction n'iay he :tiuuul suuicicnt in the liual stage which is the one where dusting is, i' culll'tjl, iuost liable to occur.

In order to prevent COl'KlQHSHllOII o? iuois turn in or on the duct, the latler may lasuitahly insulated, as for I'll niple with asbestos or iaguesia. 'ith the same ohjecl; in view, i. e., the prevention of condensation, a certain amount of preheated air may hc introduced into the duct and mixed with the vapors. thereby maintaining the latter at a teinperatue above that at which condensation would occur. The source from which such preheated air is obtained is a matter of inditl'erence, but, as shown in Fig.

inter-- the following claims or the equivalent of such stateo steps or means be employed.

I therefore particularly point out and distinctly claim as my invention:

1. In a method of abstracting the vapors or gases arising from material being heated in a rotary cylinder, the step which consists in Withdrawing part or all of such vapors or gases transversely oi the axis of such cylinder and in dilierent amounts at different points longitudinally of such axis.

2. In a method of abstracting the vapors or gases arising irom material being heated in a rotary cylinder, the steps which consist in Withdrawing part or all of such vapors or gases tran versely of the axis of such cylinder, and supplying a current of preheated air into which such vapors or gases are thus withdrawn.

3. in a method of abstracting the vapors or gases arising from material being heated in a rotary cylinder, the steps which consist in Withdrawing part or all of such vapors or gases transversely of the axis of such cylinder and in different amounts at different points longitudinally of such axis, and supplying a current of preheated air into which such vapors or gases are thus Withdrawn.

4L. In mechanism or the character described, the con'ibination of a heating chamber; a rotary cylinder located therein; and means for abstracting the vapors or gases that arise from material being treated in said cylinder, said means including a rel atively stationary duct extending longitudinally of said cylinder adjacent the upper Wall thereof and provided with a series of shielded spaced openings.

5. In mechanism of the character described, the combination of a heating chamber; a rotary cylinder located therein; and

6. In mechanism of the character described, tic combination or a heating chainher; a rotary cylinder located therein; and means for abstracting the vapors or gases that arise from material being treated in said cylinder, said means including a relatively sta ionary duct extending longitudinally of said cylinder adjacent the upper Wall thereof and provided With series of spaced openings of adjustable size.

7. In mechanism of the character described, the combination of a heating chamher;- a rotary cylinder located therein; and means for abstracting the vapors or gases that arise from material being treated in said cylinder, said means including a relatively stationary duct extending longitudinally of said cylinder adjacent the upper Wall thereof, the under side of said duct comprising angularly related Walls each provided with a series of spaced openings.

8.111 mechanism of the character described, the combination of a heating chamher; a rotary cylinder located therein; and means for abstracting the vapors or gases that arise from material being treated in said cylinder, said means including a relatively stationary duct extending longitudinally 0]": said cylinder adjacent the upper Wall thereof, the under side of said duct comprising angularly related Walls each provided with a series of spaced openings, and a slide cooperative with each such wall adapted to adjust the size of the openings therein;

9.1n mechanism of the character described, the combination of a heating chamber; a rotary cylinder located therein; and means for abstracting the vapors or gases that arise from material being treated in said cylinder, said means including a rel atively stationary duct extending into said cylinder, and connections for supplying preheated gases to said duct.

Signed by me, this 23rd day of October,

SAMUEL GER-TE.

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