US1583557A - Steam generation in two stages - Google Patents

Description

I May 4 1926.

Filed August '3, 1922 vwemtoz Patented May 4, 1926.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.-

EMIL JOSS E, OF BERLIN, GERMANY, ASSIGNOB T0 AKTIEBO-LAGET VAPORAOKUMULA- TOR, OF STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN} A CORPORATION.

STEAM GENERATION IN TWO STAGES.

To all whom it mag concern:

Be it known that I, EMIL J ossn, a sub ect of Germany, residingat Berlin, Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Steam Generation in Two Stages, of which the following is a specification.

' My invention relates to steam plants and more particularly to plants. equipped Wlth' steam accumulators in which steam is stored at times when there is a surplus of steam generation over steam consumption and from which steam is delivered into the steam lines of the plant for purposes of low pressure steam consumption at times'when the demand for steam exceeds the steam generation; Y

My invention has for its primary object to generate steam in two stages and in the referred embodiment-this is accom lished y generating high pressure steam or use in the plant in a boiler of ordinary type and generating lowpressure steam in a separate container which constitutes an accumulator. A further object of my invention is to obtain a better utilization of the heating surfaces and the flue ases than has hitherto.

been possible. This is accomplished by the arrangement of a feed -heater, preferably heated by flue gases, an accumulator, and a primary boiler in a novel way as hereinafter set out.

apparent as the description proceeds.

The accompanying drawing shows-more or less diagrammatically, one form of my invention.

Referring to the drawing 1 designates the primar steam generator which may constitute aboiler of any known type. In this primary steam generator h gh presseure steam is generated for use in high pressure steam consumers of any kind, the

high pressure-section H .of a turbine being shown byway; of illustration, 2 1s a fluegas feed water'preheater which is so amply dimensioned that the feed water will be pre-' heated to a high temperature, for example,

300 F. at a normal load. Feed water is forced into the preheater 2 by means of the pump 4, and conduits ,6 and 7. The water passing into the preheater, as is customary in steam lants,jhas a temperature of approximate y 100 to 120 F. The pump 4 forces the feed water through the condult 7 and through the tubes of the preheater 2 in countercurrent to the flow of flue" gases through the waste heat flue 22. The feed water on leaving the preheater passes through conduit 8. From this conduit/the feed water flows into the accumulator 3.

The accumulator 3 is, in effect, an auxiliary steam generator for low pressure steam in which there is a partial generation of steam by means of a drop in pressure. At the lower pressure, the heat 'of'liquid contained in the feed water is less- The difference in heat content ofthe liquid between the respective ressures is used to cause an evaporation o a partof the feed water.

The low pressure, steam thus generated in the accumulator by flash is used in the low pressure consumers of the plant. A second boiler feed pump 5 draws water from the accumulator 3 and forces the same through the'conduit 10 to the primary generator.

If desired a valve 16 may be inserted in conduit 8, the said valve operatingto' maintain the pressure in the preheater constant preferably at the maximum value of the steam pressure in the accumulator, so that the pressure in the preheater is not subject to variations in the pressure of the accumu- I labor. I have shown, in the drawings for purposes of explanation, one form of valve which will perform the function ascribed to it but it is to be understood that any type of valve which will perform this function may be used. By means of valve 16 the feed .water delivered to the accumulator from preheater 2 contains more heat of liquid than if the pressure in the preheater is the same as and varies with the pressure in the accumulator, thus allowing a greater steam generation byflash in the accumulator. Furthermore'valve 16 constitutes a protection against boiling and evaporation in thepreheater. 2, allowing a higher water temperature in-the preheater. \Vhen the valve 16 is not used, the pressure of the preheater is the same as the pressure in the auxiliary generator and varies therewith.

The accumulator 3 supplies low" pressure steam by means of the conduits 13 and 23 to the low pressure consumers of the plant. This steam may be used for heating purposes as indicated at R or for generation of power in theintermediate stages of a steam engine or steam turbine, as indicated at M. It is obvious that the steam -drawn off sure. 1

through conduit 13, may be used in any consumers using steam of relatively'low pres- ;higher than the pressure in the auxiliary generator 3, thus allowing a higher temperature of water in the preheater 17 To take'care of surplus steam generation in the primary generator '1 a conduit 12 connects the steam dome of the primary genervator with the water space of the accumulater, and in this'c-onduit is inserted a valve 11, the operation of which is similar'to that of thevalve 16. This valve 11 is set to open at a somewhat lowerpressure than the safety valve 24 on the boiler 1, and when the pressure in the boiler exceeds the'pressure 'at which the valve 11 opens, the excess of steam generated is admitted into the water space of the accumulator whereb the water contained in the. accumulator is heated and the pressure therein is raised, so that this heat stored can be withdrawn at some other 1 time in the form of low pressure steam,

by dropof pressure.

When the quantity of water delivered by reheater 2 is greater than the demand for eed water in'the primary boiler the auxiliary generator 3 constitutes a feed water accumulator; when there is a greater absorption ofheat in preheater 2 than there is a demand for lowpressuresteam, the auxiliary generator 3 constitutes a heat accumulator:

when there is a surplus of steam generation in the primar generator, and the excess steam is store in the auxiliary generator 3, it constitutes a steam accumulator.

vIn order to avoid heat losses due to radiation the accumulator may be insulated by non-conducting material indicated at 25.

While I have. shown .and described one form of my invention I wish it understood that the inventionis not-limited tothe pre cise emobdiment set forth but, may be modified within the scope of the appended, claims. What I claim as new and desire to secure byLetters Patent of the United States of America is: Y

1. In a steam plant, means to generate tween said preheater and said boiler, in which container a drop in pressure is utilized to flash said low pressure steam and a .through the preheater over the boiler demand a conduit conducting water from said accumulator to said primary boiler, a pump in said last mentioned conduit,-a consumer,

and a conduit conducting steam from said accumulator to said consumer.

3. In a steam plant, a primary boiler generating steam at substantially constant pressure, a igh pressure consumer, .means to conduct steam from said primary boiler to said high pressure consumer, an accumulator, means .to force water from said accumulator to said primary -boiler,-a preheater, a conduit'conducting water fromsaid preheater to'said accumulator, a' valve in the last-mentioned conduit operating to maintain a higher pressure in said preheater than in said accumulator, a low pressure consumer, and a conduit leading steam from said accumulator to said low pressure consumer thus allowing a drop of pressure between said preheater and said accumulator and in said accumulator to flash steam for low pressure consumption in the plant.

4. In a steam plant, a primary boiler gen-iadapted to flash steam and to operate under '\"arying'pressurcs, a preheater, a conduit leadingwater from said preheater to said accumulator, means to force water from said accumulator to said pr mary boiler, a low pressure consumer, means to lead steam from said accumulator to said low pressure mm sumer, and means to mamtam'the pressure in the p'reheater constant.

5. In a steam plant, a primary boiler generating steam at substantially constant pressure, an accumulator adapted to flash steam and to operate under varying pressures, a. preheater, a conduit leading water from said.

prehea-ter to said accumulator, means to force water from said accumulator to said primary boiler, a consumer, means to lead steam from said accumulator to said consumer, means to maintain the pressure in the preheater constant, a second preheater, conduits connecting said secondjpreheater with said accumulator. and means to main}: tam circulation. in said second preheater,

accumulator andconduits connected therebetween, I

6. In a steam plant, a primary boiler generating steam at substantially constant pressure, a high pressure steam consumer, means to conduct steam from said primary boiler to said steam consumer, an accumulator adapted to flash steam and to operate under varying pressures, a preheater, means to supply Water to said preheater a conduit leading water from said preheater to said accumulator, means to force water from said accumulator to said primary boiler, a low pressure consumer, means to. lead steam from said accumulator to said low pressure consumer, means to maintain the pressure in the preheater constant, a steam conduit extending between said primary boiler and primary boiler, 21. consumer, a conduit lead v ing steam from said accumulator to said consumer, a second preheater in said flue, and means to cause circulation through said accumulator and said second preheater.

' 8. Ina steam plant, a primary boiler, an accumulatofla preheater, a conduit conducting water from said preheaterto said accumulator, and a conduit conducting water from said accumulator to said boiler.

9. The method-of operating a steam plant which comprises preheating feed water, discharging the preheated water into an'accu mulator, flashing steam from said water, utilizing the steam thus-generated for low pressure consumption in the plant, and

pumping the remainder of the water to a primary boiler for the generation of high pressure steam.

10. The method of operatinga steam plantwhich comprises preheating feed Water by means of flue gases, dischargingthe preheated water into an accumulator, flashing steam from said water, utilizing the steam thus generated for low pressure consumption in the plant, and pumping the remainder of the Water to a primary boiler for the generation of high pressure steam,

11'. The method of operating a steam plant which comprises preheating feed Water at constant pressure, discharging the preheated water into an accumulator and storing the same therein, flashing steam from said water, utilizing the steam thus generated for low pressure consumption in the plant, and'pumping the remainder of the water to a primary boiler for the generation of high pressure steam at a rate'dif ferent from and independent'of the rate of discharge of Water into the accumulator.

12. The method of '-operating a steam plant which comprises preheating feed Water, discharging the preheated water into an accumulator, flashing steam from said water, utilizing the steam thus generated for low pressure consumption in the plant, pumping water from the accumulator to a boiler for generation of high pressure steam and storing surplus steam generated'in the accumulator. 1

13.,The' method of generating steam in two stages which comprises conducting water ina path, delivering heat to the water,

causing a generationof low pressure steam from part of the-water, utilizing the steam for low pressure consumption, raising the pressure of the water which has not been converted into steam and applying heat to this water at higher pressure vto generate high pressure steam therefrom.

14. Themethod of generating steam in two stages which comprises heating a quantity of water, lowering the pressure in the 1 water and causing a partial generation of steam therefrom by drop in pressure, conducting the steamgenerated to .use in low pressure consumers, raislng the pressure of v the remaining water applying heat therego and generating hig pressure steamthererom.

15. The method of generating steam in two stages which comprises conducting'ww ter through a feed water preheater, apply ing heat to the preheater, flashing a part of the water into steam, leading the low pressure consumers, raising the pressure of the remaining water, and generating high pressure steam therefrom by the application of eat.

16. In a steam plant, a primary boiler, an accumulator, a consumer, a preheater, a conduit conducting water from'said preheater to said accumulator, a conduit conducting water from said accumulator to said boiler, a conduit leading steam irom said accumulator to said consumer, and additional means to supply'heat to the accumulator.

- In testimony whereof I ailix my signature.

EMIL JossE.

Certificate of- Correction.

It is hereby certified that in Letters Paten upon the application of Emil Jesse, of Be Steam Generation in Two Sta es,

requiring correction as follows: age 3, line 105, claim 15, before the word 10W insert the words low pressure steam til/us generated to," and that the said Letters Patent should be read with this corre rlin, Germany, for an improvement in v ction therein that the same may conv form to the record of the case in the Patent Oflice.

. Signed and sealed this 8th day of June, A. D. 1926.

[SEAL] M. J. MOORE, I Acting Commissioner of Patents.

t No. 1,583,557, granted May 4, 1926,

an error appears in the printed specification

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