US1583163A - Nail-sealing roofing unit - Google Patents

Description

May 4 1926.

' J.. H. MUNRO NAIL SEALING RooFING UNIT Filed Feb: '7, 19.24

Patented May 4, 1926.

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JAMES H. MUNRO, PEN ARGYL, PENNSYLVANIA.

NAIL-SEALING ROOFING UNIT.

Application led February 7, 1924. Serial No. 691,263.

To all whom, t may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES H. MUNRo, a citizen of the United States, residing at Pen Argyl, in the county of Northampton and State `oi Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Nailing sheet coated with yieldable Sealing Roofing Units; and I do declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to roofing units employing one or more shingles, and has reference more particularly to such units in which fragile material, such as slate, is used in constructing the shingle or shingles. When nails are driven through shingles of this fragile nature, they are prone to fracture theshingles, and to overcome this diiculty, nail holes have been formed through the shingles, through which to drive the attaching nails. W'hen this is done however, as the nail heads cannot be driven into water-tight contact with the shingles without injuring the latter, there is danger of water leakage around the nails. It is the principal object of my invention however to provide a yieldable adhesive material exposed at the nail holes, throu h which the nails must be driven, therey forming a water-tight seal around said nails.V

A further object is to utilize as the nailsealing means, portions of adhesive layers of asphalt or the like, which secure the shingles to backing sheets. I Y A. still further aim is to provide an effective 'process for the production of the im-` proved rooing unit.

With the foregoing in view, the invention resides in the novel subject matter herein-v after described and claimed,the' description being supplemented by the accompanying drawings.

Figure 1 is an elevation showing a backadhesive material, which coating constitutes a step in carrying out one form of the process of manufacture.

Figure 2 is an edge view of the coated backing sheet shown in Fig. 1.

Figure 3 is a plan view of the shingle with nail holes formed therein, preparatory to mounting said shingle upon the coated backing-sheet shown in Fig. 1. Y

Figure 4 is an elevation showing the shingle mounted on the backing sheet.

Figure 5 is a sectional view on line 5 5 of Fig. 4, illustrating the manner in which a portion of the adhesive coating enters the nail holes of the shingle.

Figure 6 is a sectional view of a portion of the complete roofing unit, illustrating more clearly the manner in which the attaching nails are water-sealedwhen they are driventhrough the nail holes and the sealing means associated therewith. y i

Figure 7 is a detail sectional view showing a slightly different form of construction.

Figure 8v is a sectional view similar to Fig. 5, but showing a still further form of construction.

Figure 9 is a detail elevation 'of a part of the device of Fig. 8.

In constructing the form of shingle shown in Figures 1 to 6, a ieXible backing sheet l of felt or any other desired material, is coated on one side with asphalt or any other desired yieldable, adhesive material, the coating being preferably extended over the area of the sheet as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. As

-an advantageous manner of manufacture, a

long strip of the backing material is preferably coated at al single operation and this strip is then cut upl into pieces of desired size. Simultaneously with the coating operation, by the'use of a suitable shaper (not shown), I prefer to tion 3 as an integral part of the coating 2. This ridge performs a useful function hereinafter set forth fully.

I have illustrated only one' shingle 4 for application t-o the lower portion of the coated backing sheet, but I wish it understood at this point that if desired, a plurality of such shingles could be applied to a singlesheet. The shingle 4 may be considered as formed of slate or any other 'desired material which would have a tendency to fracture if a nail were driven directly therethrough. Through the upper edge portion of this shingle, I form a suitable number of nail holes 5 which are by preference somewhat larger than the nails to be driven through them. TheA shingle, with its pre-formedV nail holes 5, is applied to the coating of the backing sheet 1, in such a position that the ridge 3 is at the openings. In bringing the coating and shingle into contact, sufficient pressure is exerted to cause material from the rib 3 to be displaced, causing it to enter the nail holes 5, thereby providing yieldable, adheform a ridge or projecsive sealing nipples 6 through which the valtogether essential, although it is desirable.

In this connection, attention is directed to Fig. 7.

' In the figure last referred to, a backingsheet 1a is used, provided with a yieldable, adhesive coating 2a which is not initially formed with a rib or projection such as that above described. When -the shingle La is applied however, the coating 2a extends across the opening 5'r1 and may slightly enter this opening as indicated at 6a. l/Vhen a nail is driven through the opening 5a, the coating 2a and the backing la, some of said coating is of course displaced and it oozes up into the opening around the nail, thereby tightly forming the desired seal.

In Figs. 8 and 9, I have shown a flexible backing sheet lb having a coating 2b of yieldable, adhesive material, such as asphalt. To the front or upper portion of this coating 2", a shingle 4" of slate or the like, is applied, said shingle having nail holes 5b through which portions of the layer 2b are forced to form nail-sealing projections 6b which ill the holes 5b and protrude beyond the shingle 4b, the protruding portions of these projec` tions being flattened upon the upper or outer surface of the shingle as indicated at 7, pro#A viding cushions against which the nail heads lare driven, so that there is no danger of said heads fracturing the texture of the slate. The, layer 7 .also assists in providing a tight nail seal. 'In order to have a sufficient surplus of material to force through and be,- lyond the opening 5", the layer 2b may be initially formed with a projecting portion such as 3 of Figs. l and 2.

It is of course understood that during the manufacture of the device, the coating 2 is somewhat fluid, as it is usually heated when it 1s being applied. Thus, it effectively binds the shingles to their backings but later loses its 'fluid nature, but retains yieldable and adhesive qualities toperform the desired functions. Any of the well known materials commonly used for similar purposes,such as asphalt, may well be used.

As excellent results may be obtained from the subject matter disclosed, the articles and processes herein described may well be followed, but within thescopev of the invention as claimed, numerous changes may be made.

I claim:

1. A shingle having" a nail hole larger on the lower side of said shingle, said layer having an integral protruding portion within said nail hole through which to drive the nail, said material serving to form a seal around the nail to prevent entrance of water.

2. A shingle having a nail hole larger than the nail to be driven therethrough, a backing sheet under said shingle, and a layer of yieldable adhesive material between and securing'said shingle and sheet together, said layer lia-ving an integral protruding portion within said nail hole, whereby the nail will be water sealed when driven.

3. A structure as specified in claim l; said protruding portion of said layer projecting above the upper side of the shingle and being flattened upon the latter to cushion the blow when the nail head is driven tightly down a-nd to further seal the nail.

4. A structure as specified in claim 2; said ing flattened upon the latter to cushion the blow when the nail head is driven tightly down and to further seal the nail.

5. The process of forming a roofing unit consisting in effecting contact of a yieldable adhesive layer with a shingle having a nail hole, and pressing the two together to cause a. portion of said layer to enter .the nail hole.

6. The process of forming a roofing unit, consisting in coating a backing sheet with a yieldable adhesive, and effecting Contact of said coating under pressure with4 a shingle having a nail hole causing a portion of the -coating to enter the hole.

7. The process of forming a roofing unit, consisting in forming a yieldable adhesive layer with a projection at one side, and effecting' contact of said layer vunder pressure with a shingle having a nail hole while said projection is at said nail hole, causing naterial Vfrom said projection to enter said iole. r Y 8. .The process of forming a roofing unit, consisting in coating a backing sheet with a yieldable adhesive and formin the outer side of the coating with a projection, and effecting contact of said coating under pressure with a shingle having a nail hole while said projection is at said nail hole, causing material from the projection to enter said hole.

9. The process of forming a roofing unit f consisting in effecting contact of a yieldable adhesive layer with a shingle having a nail hole, pressing the two together to cause' a portion of the yieldable adhesive material to project entirely through and beyond the nail liole, and flattening the protruding portion of the projection upon the shingle.

In testimony whereof I have hereun/to aflixed my signature. l

JAMES H. MU N RO.

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