US1582462A - Cooling system for internal-combustion engines - Google Patents

Description

A ril 27 1926. 1,582,462.

-J. v. GIESLER COOLING SYSTEM FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION-ENGINES Filed Feb. 8, 1917 Patented Apr. 27, 192 6.

I UNITED STATES PATENTS OFFICE.

JEAN V. GIESLER, OF KNOXVILLE, TENNESSEE, ASSIGNOR TO THE FULTON COMPANY, OF KNOXVILLE, TENNESSEE, A CORPORATION OF MAINE.

COOLING SYSTEM roe mrnanar-comausrron nnenms.

Application filed February 8, 1917. Serial No. 147,454.

To all whom z'tmay concern:

Be it known that I, JEAN V. GIESLER, a

citizen of the United States of America,

and a resident of Knoxville, Tennessee, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Cooling Systems for Internal-Combustion Engines, which invention is fully set forth in the following specification.

This invention relates to cooling devices or systems for internal combustion engines and, while capable of use with a wide variety of engines of this type, is especially designed as a cooling device or system for engines of automobiles.

One object of this invention is to provide an internal combustion engine with an improved system or device for maintaining the temperature of said engine substantially at a predetermined degree, preferably at that temperature whereat the engine operates most efficiently.

Another object of this invention is to provide a device or system of the type characterized, comprising means for governing the cooling of the engine, with improved operating means forthe governing means that may be actuated by, power derived from the engine itself;

It is a further object of this invention to provide an improved device or system of the type characterized, comprising means for governing the cooling of the "e'ngine,with thermosensitive means for regulating "the operation of said governing means-by controlling the operation of a self-contained pressure-motor system'which in turn controls -said governing means.

Another object of this invention is to vide an improved device or system of: the type characterized wherein a relatively'large power may be developed effectively, under the control of thermosensitive means if desired,- and efliciently to operate means for governing the cooling of an engine.

. Further objects relate to the provisionof 1 a device or system' 'of the type characterized that is simple in construction, easily installed, inexpensive ti) manufacture, and

efficient in operation.

Stated generally, the inventioni comprises, in combination with an internal. combustion engine, means for governing the cooling of .said engine, said means preferably taking;

the form of a device for governing the cooling effect of a system for-circulating a cool} pro-;

thermosiphon system of circulating cooling ing medium in heat-interchanging relation with said engine, and control means thereformcluding a conduit which is preferably comprised in a separate self-contained circulating system including means for forcing a fluid through said conduit, means for regulating the passage of fluid through said conduit Where y to vary the pressure developed therein, said means preferably being thermosensitively controlled, and a pressure-motor actuated by the pressure developed in said conduit and operatively connected to said governing means.

The invention is capable of receiving avariety of mechanical expressions, one of which is shown on the accompanying draw- 1ng, but it is to be expressly understood that such drawing is for purposes of illustration only and is not to be construedas a definition of the limits of the invention, reference being had to the appended claims for that purpose.

Said drawing illustrates, partly in diagram and partly in vertical cross-section, a cooling system for an internal combustion engine embodying the present invention.-

In the form shown on the drawing, 1 designates any suitable internal combustion engine, such for example as is commonly employed in automobiles. Said engine is provided with the usual jackets for the cyllnders, through which it is designed to circulate a cooling medium, such as water. 2 designates the outlet manifold, 3 any suitable radiator connected thereto, and 4 the inlet manifold' 5 designates any suitable pump in the connection between the radiator and the inlet manifold 4. Obviously the medium through the jackets of the engine could be employed in place of a forced system of circulation, if desired.

As shown, means are rovided for governing the coolingeffect of said system for circulating the cooling medium in heat-interchanging relation to the engine. This governing means maytake any suitable form and is shown as consisting of a plurality of .shutters 6 pivotally mounted in a. housing 7 that is designed to fit over and enclose theforward portion of the radiator 3. Said shutters 6 are operatively connected by links 8 to an operating bar 9 to-which is pivotally connected a link 10for' adjusting the extent of opening of said shutters. When the shut- 1| tor shall function. While this governing.

means has been illustrated as comprising a plurality of pivoted shutters, it will be apparent that any other suitable form of shutters or any suitable form of damper could be employed with equal facility, or, in place of said shutters or damper, a curtain of the type described and claimed in the application of W. M. Fulton, Serial No. 146,964, filed February 6, 1917, might be substituted.

In accordance with the present invention, a pressure motor is provided for operating the shutters heretofore described. Any suitable form of pressure-motor may be employed, that illustrated comprising a housing 11 suitably supported, 'as by a bracket 12, on the rear of the radiator 3, said housing enclosing an expansible and contractible, corrugated, resilient vessel 13, the movable wall of which is connected by rod 14 to lever 15, which lever is pivotally connected at its op posite end to link 10.

To develop the requisite pressure for operating said pressure-motor, housing 11 is in communication, through a pipe 16 of relatively small diameter, with a conduit 17,

4 through which a fluid is forced under pres sure. This conduit 17 is comprised in a circulating system through which is forced any suitable fluid, as oil, water, or air, such system being either specially installed as a separate, self-contained system for the development of the requisite pressure or as respects certain features of my invention said conduit may be a part of or communicate with one of the systems commonly employed for circulating or distributing oil, water, etc., to the operating elements of the engine. In the form shown, said system also comprises a tank 18, any suitable form of pump 19, and a conduit 20 connecting said tank and pump,

the pump 19 delivering to the conduit 17 heretofore referred to. Pump 19 is motor driven in any suitable way, as from any suitable-part of the engine. In the embodiment illustrated, said pump is driven by a belt or chain drive 21 from the driving element of pump 5. To regulate the passage of fluid through this circulating system, a valve of any suitable type is directly associated with the pipe 17 at 22, and means are provided for operating said valve to vary the extent of opening thereof and therefore the freedom with which said fluid may be circulated through said-system. Such means for opcrating, valve 22 is preferably in the form of a. thermosensitive, device and is shown as comprising a bulb 23 subjected to the cooling medium flowing to the radiator from outlet manifold 2, said bulb being in communication through a flexible pipe 24 with an expansible and contractible vessel 25, the displaceable wall 26 of which is operatively connected to said valve 22. Said vessel 25, pipe 24, and bulb 23 are charged with a volatile thermosensitive fluid. \Vhile bulb 23 is shown as subjected to the cooling medium flowing through the cooling system, it will be apparent that it could, with equal facility, be subjected to the air passing through the radiator. I

To insure, in case of leakage of the thermosensitive device and therefore failure of the temperature control, that the means governing the cooling of the engine shall assume that position WhlCh admits of the maximum cooling thereof, the thermosensitive device and its connections to the valve 22 are so constructed that, upon such leakage, the valve will move to that position corresponding with the maximum opening of shutters 6. In the preferred construction, vessel is constructed of resilient metal and said vessel, together with bulb 23 and pipe 24, is charged with said thermosensitive fluid at a pressure below-that of the surrounding medium, so that said fluid exerts a pressure interiorly of said vessel less than the pressure to which said vessel is exteriorly subjected. Vessel 25 is therefore normally partially collapsed against an elastic force inherent in the walls of said vessel, and, upon equalization of the internal and external pressures acting thereon, such elastic force, becoming un alanced, moves valve 22 to its position of safety. Obviously vessel 25 might be constructed of non-resilient niaterial and a spring be provided on the inside or outside of said vessel to normall urge the displaceable wall 26, together with the valve 22 connected therewith, to its position of safety.

To prevent the pressure within this circulating system from increasing to an extent that might injure any of the parts, a by-pass may be provided about the pump and controlled by a relief valve. In the form shown, a by-pass 27 is provided in the pump casing and a relief valve in the form of aball 28 normally closes said by-pass under the .pressure of aspring 29.

Upon starting the engine, the cooling medium circulates through outlet manifold 2, radiator 3, inlet manifold 4, and the jackets of the engine. As the cooling medium is now cold, the thermosensitive fluid in the thermosensitive device is condensed, vessel 25 is collapsed, and valve 22 is wide open. Pump 19 draws fluid from the tank 18 through pipe 20 and returns it to said tank through conduit 17. Expansible vessel substantiilzlvlg and pump 13 is fully expanded under its own resiliency and shutters 6 are maintained closed,

excluding air from the radiator 3. en the cooling medium flowing through the cooling system approximates that temperature at which the engine operates most efliciently, the thermosensitive device responds to the increase of temperature, vessel 25 expands, and valve 22 is partially closed to throttle the passage through conduit 17. Now, the fluid cannot be returned through conduit 17 to tank 18 with the same freedom with which it is withdrawn from tank 18 owing to the constriction of the passage through conduit 17 by the valve 22, 19, forcing the fluid through said conduit 17, accordingly develops or builds up an increased pressure therein, substantiallyall of which pressure is transmitted from the conduit 17 on the high-pressure side of the valve 22 through pipe 16 to housing 11, collapsing vessel 13 and partially opening the shutters 6. A further increase of temperature in the cooling system produces a still further closing of valve 22 with a. greater increase of pressure Within conduit 17 and a resultant wider opening of the shutters 6. Thereb Y the extent to which the shutters 6 are opened depends upon the temperature within the cooling system, and said shutters are opened and closed in response to variations in temperature within said system.

In case the pressure developed in the circulating system exceeds a predetermined amount, ball 28 rises from its seat against the tension of spring 29 and the fluid is pumped through by-pass 27 around the pump. In case of a leak in the thermosensit1ve device, the pressure within and'w-ith sides of the displaceable wall 26, becomes equalized, and the unbalanced force consisting of the elasticity against which said displaceable wall is normally collapsed moves valve 22-to its position of safety, i. e., to that position closing the conduit 17 and developing the maximum pressure within the circulating system, thereby actuating the pressure-motor to maintain'the shutters 6 in their wide-open position.

lVhile the governing device has been i1- lustrated and described as comprising means for varying the passage of air through a radiator, it will be apparent that the invention is not restricted to such a construction, as the governing device might be a valve in the cooling system itself or any other suitable device for governing the cooling effect of the engine. Furthermore, certain features of the invention are susceptible of use without other features thereof. Therefore, reference is to be had to the appended claims for a definition of the limits of this in-. vention.

o'ut vessel 25, and-therefore upon opposite for governing the cooling effect of said system, a separate, self-contained circulating system associated with said engine, means controlled by the pressure in said circulating system for operating said governing means, and means for regulating'the pressure in said circulating system.

3. In combination with an internal combustion engine and its cooling system, means for governing the cooling efi'ect of said system, a separate, self-contained circulating system associated with said engine, means controlled by the pressure in said circulating system for operating said governing means, and thermosensitive means for regulating the pressure in said circulating system.

4. In combination with an internal combustion engine and its cooling system, means for governing the cooling effect of said system, a circulating system, means controlled by the pressure in said circulating system for operating said governing means, and means directly controlled by the temperature of the medium in said cooling system for regulating the pressure in said circulating system.

5. In combination with an internal combustion engine, movable means for governing the cooling of said engine, a separate self-contained system for circulating a fluid and including circulating means operative only when said engine is in operation, means for constricting the passage through said system, and means controlled by the pressure developed by the constriction of said passage for operating said governing means.

6. In combination with an internal com bustion engine, movable means for governing the cooling of said-engine, a separate self-contained system for circulating a fluid and including circulating means operative only when said engine is in operation, means for constricting the passage through said system, means controlled by the pressure developed by the constriction'of said passage for operating. said governing means, and thermosensitive means for operating said constricting means.

7. In combination with an internal com bust-ion engine, movable means for governing the cooling of said engine, a separate, self-contained circulating system, a pump in said system operative only when said engine is in operation for forcing a fluid through said system, a valve in said system for building up pressure therein, means controlled by the pressure on the high-pressure side of said valve for operating said governing means, and means for operating said valve. 8. In combination with an internal combustion engine and its system for circulating a cooling medium in heat-interchangmg relation therewith, 'means governing the cooling effect of said system, a conduit separate from the circulating systems of the engine, means for forcing a fluid through said conduit, means for regulating the flow of fluid through said conduit, means actuated by the pressure developed in said conduit by said last-named means for operating sald governing means and a thermostat directly cont-rolled by the temperature of said cooling medium for operating said regulating means.

9. In combination with aninternal combustion engine, means for cooling said englue, means for governing'the cooling effeet of said first-named means, a separate, self-contained circulating system including means for developing pressure therein, a pressure-motor in said circulating system and operatively connected to said governing means, and means for regulating the pressure in said circulating system.

10. In combination with an internal combustion engine, means for cooling said engine, means for governing the cooling effect of said first-named means, a separate, self-contained circulating system including means for developing pressure therein, a pressure-motor in said circulating system and operatively connected to said governing means, and thermosensitive means for regulating the pressure in said circulating system.

11. In combination with an internal combustion engine, means for cooling said en- "inc, means for governing the cooling effect of said first-named means, a circulating system, a pressure-motor in said circulating system and operatively connected to said governing means, and means directly controlled by the ten'iperature of the cooling medium for regulating the pressure in said circulating system.

12. In combination with an internal combustion engine and its system for circulating a cooling medium in heat-interchanging relation therewith, means for governing the cooling effect of said system, a pressuremotor operatively connected to said governing means, a conduit in communication with said motor, means for forcing a fluid through said conduit, avalve in said conduit for constricting the passage therethrough, connections whereby the pressure developed in said conduit by said valve are directly transmitted to said pressure-motor, and means directly controlled by the temerature of the cooling medium for operating said valve.

13. In combination with an internal combustion engine, a conduit means for forcing a fluid through said conduit, means for regulating the passage of fluid through said conduit, one position of said regulating means being a position of safety, means actuated by the pressure developed in said conduit for governing the cooling of said engine, and thermosensitive means for operating said regulating means, said thermosensitive means being so constructed as to move said regulating means to its position of satiety upon failure of the temperature contro 14. In combination with an internal combustion engine, a conduit, means for forcing a fluid through said conduit, means for regulating the passage of fluid through said conduit, one position of said regulating means being a position of safety, means actuated by the pressure developed in said conduit for governing the cooling of said engine, and

.thermosensitive means for operating said regulating means, said thermosensitive means comprising a vessel provided with a wall 'displaceable against an elastic force and charged with a fluid exerting a pressure intriorly thereof less than the pressure to which said vessel is exteriorly subjected, said wall being adapted to move said regulating means to its position of safety upon equalization of the internal and external pressures acting thereon.

15. In combination with an internal combustion engine and its coolin system, means for governing the cooling e ect of said system, a circulating system, means controlled by the pressure in said circulating system for controlling said governing means, means for regulating the pressure in said circulating system, one position of said regulating means being a position of safety, and thermosensitive means for operating said re lating means, said thermosensitive means i ing so constructed as to move said regulating means to its position of safety upon failure of the temperature control.

16. In combination with an internal combustion engine and its coolin system, means for governing the cooling e ect of said 5- tem, a circulating system, means control ed by the pressure in said circulating system i or controlling said governing means, means for regulating the pressure in said circulating system, one position of said regulating means being a position of safety, and thermosensitive means for operatin said regulating means, said thermosensitive means comprising a vessel provided with a wall displaceable against an elastic force and charged with a fluid exerting a prewure interiorly thereof less than the pressure to which said vessel is exteriorly subjected, said wall being adapted tomove said regulatin means to its position of safety upon equalization of the internal and external ressures acting thereon.

17. In combination with an internal oombustion engine, means for governing the cooling of said engine,'a circulating system, means controlled by the pressure in said circulating system forf'controlling said governmeanscontrolled by the pressure in said circulating system for controlling said'governing means, means for regulating thepressure in said circulating system, one position of said regulating means being a position of and thermosensitive means for operating said regulating means, said thermosensitive means comprising a vessel provided -force and charged with a fluid with a wall .displaceable againstan elastic I exerting a pressure interiorly thereof less than the pres sure to which saldivessel is exteriorly subjected, said wall being adaptedto movesai'd 'regulatingmeans to its position of safety upon equalization of the internal and exter- 19. In combination with an'internal combustion engine, means for cooling saidengine, means for governing the cooling effect of said first-named means, a pressure-motor for operating said governing means, means for regulating-the degree of pressure transmitted to said 'pressuremotor, one position of said regulating means being a position of safety, and thermosensitive means for operatmg said regulating means, said thermosensitive means being so constructed as to move said regulating means to its position of safety upon failure of the temperature control.

20. In combination with an internal combustion engine, means for cooling said engine, means for governing the cooling effect of said first-named means, a pressure-- motor for operating said governing means, means for regulating the degree of pressure transmitted to said pressure-motor, one position of said regulating means being a position of safety, and thermosensitive means for operating said regulating means, said thermosensitive means comprising a vessel provided with a wall displaceable against an elastic force and charged with a fluid exerting a pressure interiorly thereof less than the pressure to which said vessel is exteriorly subjected, said wall being adapted to move said'regulating means to its position of safety upon equalization of the internal and external pressures acting thereon.

-21. In combination withan internal combustion engine, means for cooling said engine, means for governing the cooling efi'ect of said first-named means, a separate, selfcontained circulating system, a pressuremotor in communication with said circulating system and operatively connected to said governing means, means for regulating the pressure in said circulating system, one position of said regulating means being a posltion of safety, and thermosensitive means for operating said regulating means, said thermosensitive means being so constructed as to move said regulating means to its posltion of safety upon failure of the temperature control.

22. In combination with an internal combustion engine, means for cooling saidengine, means for governing the cooling effect of said first-named means, a separate, selfcontained. circulating system, a pressure motor in communication with said circulatmg system and operatively connectd to said governing means, means for regulating the pressure in said circulating system, one position of said regulating means being a position of safety, and thermosensitivemeans for operating said regulating means, said thermosensitive' means comprising a vessel provided with a wall displaceable against an elastic force and charged with a fluid exerting a pressure interiorly there of less than the pressure to which said vessel is exteriorly subjected,.said wall be- J pressure developed in said conduit for operating said governing means, and thermosensitive means'for operating said 113%- latmg means, said thermosensltlve means eing so constructed as to move said regulat-.

ing means to its position of safety upon failure of the temperature control. v

24. In combination with an internal combustion engine and its cooling system, means governing the cooling effect of said system, a conduit, means for forcing a fluid through said conduit, means for regulating the passage of fluid through said conduit, one position of said regulating means being a position of safety, means actuated by the pressure developed in said conduit for operating said governing means, and thermosensitive means for operating said regulating means, said thermosensitive means comprising a vessel provided with a wall displaceable against an elastic force and charged with a fluid exerting a pressure interiorly thereofi less than the pressure to which said vessel is exteriorly subjected, said wall being adapted to movesaid regulating means to its sition of safety upon equalization of the internal and external pressures acting thereon.

25. In combinationwith an internal combustion engine and its cooling system including a radiator, means for governing the passa of air through said radiator, a system or circulating a fluid operative only when said engine is operating and otherwise independent of said engine and its cooling system, means for regulating the pressure in said circulating system, and means controlled by the pressure in said circulating system for operating said governing means.

26. In combination with an internal combustion engine and its cooling system including a radiator, means for governi g the passage of air through said radiator, a system for circulating a fluid operative only when said engine is operating and otherwise independent of said engine and its cooling system, means controlled by the pressure in said circulating system for operating said overning means, and thermosensitive means or regulating the pressure in said circulating system.

27. In combination with an internal combustion engine and its system for circulating a cooling medium in heat-interchanging relation t erewith, said system including a radiator, means for governing the passage of air through said radiator, a conduit, means for forcing a fluid through said conduit, means for constricting the passage through said conduit, a thermostat directly subglected to the temperature of said cooling me 'um for operating said constricting means, and means actuated by the pressure develo d in said conduit by the constriction thereo for'operating said governing means.

28. In combination with an internal combustion engine and its cooling system including a radiator, means for governing the passage of air through said radiator, "a pressuremotor for operating said governingmeans, a conduit in communication with said pressure-motor, engine-driven means for developing pressure in said conduit and pressure-motor, a valve associated with said conduit to regulate the degree of pressure developed in said conduit and pressure-motor, said pressure-motor" communicating with saidconduit on the high pressure side of said valve, and thermosensitive means direct- 1y controlled by the temperature of said cooling medium for operating said valve.

29. In combination with an internal combustion engine and its cooling system including a radiator, means for governing the passage of air through said radiator, a pressuremotor for operating said governing means, means for regulating the degree of pressure transmitted to said pressure-motor, one posi tion of said regulating means being a posi-' tion of safety, and thermosensitive means for operating said regulating means, said thermosensitive means being so constructed as to move said regulating means to its position'of'safety upon failure of the temperature control.

30. In combination with an internal com bustion engine and its system for circulating a cooling medium in heat-interchanging relation therewith, means governing the cooling effect of said system, a self-contained circulating system separate from the engine and its associated parts a pressure-motor in said circulating system and operatively related to said governing means, and means regulating the degree of pressure transmitted to said pressure-motor.

'31. In combination with an internal combustion engine and its system for circulating a cooling medium in heat-interchanging relation therewith, means governing the cooling effect of said system, a self-contained circulating system separate from the engine and its associated parts, a pressure-motor in said circulating system and operatively related to said governing means, means regulating the degree of pressure transmitted to said pressure-motor, and thermosensitive means for operating said regulating means.

32. In combination with an internal combustion engine and its system for circulating a cooling medium in heat interchanging relation therewith, movable means for governing the cooling of said engine, a circulating system, means for forcing a fluid through said system, a valve for building up pressure in said system, means controlled by the pressure on the high-pressure side of said valve for "operating said governing means, and thermosensitive means directly controlled by the temperature of said cooling medium for operating said valve.

33. In combination with an internal com bustion enginefmovable means for governing the cooling of said engine, a circulatin "system, means for forcing a fluid througfi said system, means for building up pressure in said system, means controlled by the pressure developed in said system for operating said governing means, a by-pass around said Ill a by-pass around said means for forcing fluid through said system,

and a pressure-controlled valve in said byass.

P 34. In combination with an internal combustion engine, movable means for. governing the cooling of said engine, a circulating system, means for forcing afluidthrough said system,'means for building up pressure in saidsystem, thermosensitive means for controlling said last-named means, means controlled by the pressure developed in said system for operating said means for forcing fluid through said system, and a pressure- 15 controlled valve in said by-pass.

governing means,

35. In combination with an internal combustion engine and its able means for governing the cooling efl'ect of said system, an expansible and collapsible vessel operatively connected to said governing means and constituting a pressure motor, a separate, self-contained circulating system with which said pressure motor'communicates, and means for building up pressure in said circulating system and pressuremotor to actuate said governing-means. I

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification.

' JEAN v. GIESLER.

cooling system, movv

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