US1580189A - Cellulose nitrate composition - Google Patents

Description

Patented Apr. 13, 1926.. I

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

STEWART J. CARROLL, OF ROCHESTER, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO EASTMAN KODAK COMPANY, OF ROCHESTER, NEW YORK, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

CELLULOSE NITRATE COMPOSITION.

No Drawing.

'1 '0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I,

a citizen of the United States of America,

residing at Rochester, in the county of Monroe and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Cellulose-Nitrate Compositions, of which the followingis a full, clear, and exact specification. 1 v

This invention relates to nitrocellulose compositions containing chlorinated deriva-' tives of the cyclic hydrocarlmns C ll and their homologues,

()ne object of the invention is to provide acon'ipositiou of this kind in which the presence of eamphor is not required. An-

other object oftho invention is to provide arelatively inexpensive composit-ion in which the flowing and setting properties are enhanced by the use of one or more of the mouohydroxy aliphatic alcohols containing more than I and less than 6 carbon atoms. Other objects will hereinafter appear.

In U. S. Patent No. 1 342 602 Seel June 8, 1920; cellulose nitrate composition, there is disclosed a flowable fihn-forming composition in which cellulose nitrate is combined with a chlorinated derivative of certain cyclic hydrocarbons, such as naphthalene, the combination being eflected with the aid of both camphor' and a monohydroxy aliphatic alcohol, such as butyl alcohol or fusel oil. I have found that the composition may be simplified and rendered less expensive by on'iitting the caniphorentirely of Technology of Cellulose Esters by E. C.

Worden, published in New York, N. Y., by D. Van Nostrand Company in 1921. While I shall hereinafter give specific examples of my invention, it will be understood that these are for purposes of illustration and that the invention is'not restricted to these details, except as indicated in the appended claims.

STEWART J. CARROLL,

Application filed July 9, 1924. Serial No. 724,935.

A flowable film-forming composition suitable ,for the manufacture of films for photographic purposes comprises 100 parts of nitrocellulose. from 20 to 50 (say 40) parts of butyl alcohol or tusel oil, 10' to 50 (say 20) parts of commercial monoehlornaphthalene dissolved in 300 to 450 parts of a-volaor acetone, or a mixture of these in any proportion (say equal parts by weight of f each). The proportion of fusel oil or butyl alcohol is, of course, below that whieh'will cause a precipitation ofthe other ingredicuts, the range of percentage just given being particularly useful. The butyl alcohol may be any one of the isomers comprised under that name or a mixture thereof. Normal butyl alcohol is preferred. The fusel'oil maycomprisc chiefly one or more of the isomeric amyl alcohols. Of course, a small amount of lower alcohols, such as propyl alcohol or isopropyl alcohol. can be present, provided the bulk of fusel oil or butyl alcohol comprisesthe ingredients stated above. The monochlornaphthalene may be of the commercial type, the bulk of it boiling between 250 C. and 275 C. (say chiefly around 265 C.). lVhere it is desired to have a more freely flowable composition, as in lacquers and varnishes, the amount of acetone or methyl alcohol may be increased until the proper degree is reached.

In place of monochlornaphthalene I may wholly or partially substitute a more highly chlorinated body, such as the commercial translucent waxy tetrachlornaphthalene. This contains other chlornaphthalenes, but

-tile common sol vent, such as methyl alcohol its chief boiling range is between 310 C.

and 340 C. When used alone, instead of displacing onlya small part of the monochlornaphthalene, the maximum amount which is recommended is less than the maximum proportion of monochlorna-phthalene named hereinabove. When employed as the sole chlorinated body in the mixture,.it is preferable to keep it at about 10% of the weight of the cellulose nitrate.

These solutions are sufiieiently viscous to flow properlyduring sheet or film manufacture, the volatile ingredients passing off at the right rate to permit the rapid setting of the films without impairing or pitting the product. The resulting films containing the unvolatilized ingredients are flexible, smooth,

transparent and uniform sufficiently for use as photographic film. The relatively larger proportion of higher alcohols increases the flexibility.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desireto secure by Letters Patent is:

'1. A composition of matter consisting of cellulose nitrate, a chlor-nucleo substitution product of the hydocarbons C l-Lag and their homologues, an alcoholic ingredient weighing more than 20% of the weight of the cellulose nitrate, said alcoholic ingredient comprising chiefly a monohydroxy aliphatic alcohol containing more than 3 and less than 6 carbon atoms and sufiicient volatile liquid, which is a common solvent of the three hereinabove named ingredients, to render the 'mixture flowable.

2. A simplified composition of matter, substantially free from camphor and highboiling ester substitutes therefor, comprising cellulose nitrate, a chlor-nucleo substitution product of the hydrocarbons (Lil-I and their homologues and an alcoholic ingredient weighing from 20 to 50% of the weight of the cellulose nitrate, said alcoholic ingredient comprising chiefly a monohydroxy aliphatic alcohol containing more than 3 and less than 6 carbon atoms.

3. A simplified flowable film-forming composition of matter, substantially free from camphor and high-boiling ester substitutes therefor, comprising cellulose nitrate, a chlornucleo substitution product of the hydrocarbons C H and their homologues, an

alcoholic ingredient weighing, from 20 to I position, substantially free from camphor' and high-boiling ester substitutes, therefor comprising cellulose nitrate, monochlornaphthalene and butyl alcohol. V

5. A composition of matter consisting of 100 parts by Weight of cellulose nitrate, from 20 to 50 parts of butyl alcohol, from 10 to 50 parts monochlornaphthalene and 300 to 450 parts of methyl alcohol.

6. As an article of manufacture, a deposited or flowed film, substantially free from camphor and high-boiling" ester substitutes therefor, comprising cellulose nitrate, a chlor-nucleo substitution product of the-hydrocarbons C H and their omologues, and a monohydroxy aliphatic alcohol containing more than 3 and less than 6 carbon atoms.

7. As an article of manufacture, a flexible, transparent film, substantially free from camphor, consisting of cellulose nitrate, monochlornaphthalene, and a monohydroxy aliphatic alcohol containing more than 3 and less than 6 carbon atoms.

Signed at Rochester, New York this 26th day of June 1924.

STEWART J. CARROLL.