US1578818A - Air turbine - Google Patents

Description

March 30 1926. v v J. J. FITZGERALD AIR TURBINE Filed Out. a, 1924 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 A'ITORNEY March 30 1926.-

' J. J. FITZGERALD AIR TURBINE F'il ed Oct. 8. 1924 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 I INVEIQTOR' M id/g5;

ATTORNEY Patented Mar. 30, 1926.

1 UNITED? sra Es ATEN ormos 2 JAMES J. FITZG RALD, or New YORK, N. Y. r

em TUR IN Applicatien filed October 8, 1924. Serial No. 742,281.

heavier than air flying machines, and: the objects of my improvement. are to provide a constructlon of compact form and highpower which will lift itself and the structure of which it is a part straight up 1nto the air without traction or the necessity of running horizontally for any distance prior to leaving the surface of the earth;

This is accomplished by the use of a series of suction blades or vanes housed in a rotatable cylinder and secured at their peripheries to the wall of the said cylinder,-

with a second series of similar blades free at their peripheries from the cylinder wall,

1 but attached to a central shaft which may be rotated in either direction.

In this structure the concentrated power of the compression which is governed by a valve like arrangement operated by the compression creates through the driving force I of the induced air a lift of high power due to the direct thrust of the upwardly driven air.

Other advantages will appear in the following specification and drawings in which I Fig. 1 is a plan view of a flying machine with my structure mounted thereon.

' Fig. 2 is a side view of same.

Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional view of one f the cylinders showing two of the vanes in front elevation.

Fig. 4 is a sectional viewtaken on the line 44 of Fig. 3. V

As shown in Figs. 1 and 2 the reference numeral 10 indicates the body of the machine on which are mounted the housings 11-11 for the cylinders 12. the latter hav- .ina a gear 13 meshing with a driving gear 14 hooked to a motor of the usual type. Within the said cylinder 12 are two series of vanes or blades the first series 15-15 be- "inrz secured attheir peripheries to the wall ofrthe cylinder 12. and free from attachment to the shaft 17 and'the second series of vanes or blades 1616 beingrigidly at tached to the shaft 17 and'free of attachment at their outer edges to the wall 10f the cylinder 12. f1 a As shown at 18 and 19 inFig 1' these vanes are formed with channels 20 running from the periphery to the hub, the openings atthe-peripherybeing curved and the said curves running in reverse directions on the alternate vanes. It will also be noted The shaft 17 is provided at its lower end with a gear 21 which meshes with a driving gear 22 in turn connectedwith a motor of any usual type whereby the vanes 16 may be driven in the opposite direction to that in which the vanes 15 are rotated. At the -.-that these channels are wider-at their lower sections than at the top upper end of the shaft 17 a spring 23. is

mounted to. permit its functioning as a valve the adjustment being such that the spring will be operated by the compression force at a point below the pressurestrength of the walls of thecylinder 12.

1 The operation of the device is as fol ows:-

The cylinder 12 is first rotated whichdraws in air through the opening 24 at the upper end of the housing 11 and passes" downwardlv between the cylinder and the housing-and into thecylinder where the compression begins immediately, from the rotation of'the vanes 15.15. When the compression reaches a certain determined point as indicated by a gauge (not shown), the

vanesi16-16are brought-into operation 'rotating in the o posite direction .to-that of the vanes'15 15 thereby increasing the com pression and also causing a lift of marked power. 7

To prevent the force of the compressed air from rending the wall of the cvlinder'12. the spring 23 has only suflicient strength to hold the shaft 17 in its closed position until the compression force reaches a point considerab v'less than the pressure strength of the said wall and consequent y theshaft can be lifted by the pressure on the under side of the vanes 16-16 thereby permitting the air to escape through the opening 2tywhere it will ae'ain be inducted to the bottom of the cylinder.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is: r 1. In an air turbine'the combination of the following elements: a housing: a rotatable cylinder mounted therein; a shaft mounted in the said cylinder; a'series of blades secured to the Wall of the said cylinder and adapted torota-te around said shaft; a second series of blades mounted on the said shaft and adapted to rotate Within the said cylinder and in the opposite direction to that in which the first series of blades is rotated; means adapted to rotate the said cylinder and first series of blades; means adapted to rotate the said shaft and the said second 581185 of blades; and means adapted to permit the longitudinal movement of saidshaft by-compressedair. v

2. In .an air turbine the combination of the following elements; a housing, a rotatable cylinder mounted therein; means adapted to draw air into the said cylinder and thereafter to compress the said air; means adapted to cause a reaotio'n in the movement of the said inwardly drawn air and thereby create a lifting force; and means adapted to permit the. escape of the said compressed air at a predetermined pressure point.

3. In an air turbine the combination of the following elements; a housing; a rotatable cylinder mounted therein; means adapted to draw air into the said cylinder and thereafter to compress the same and comprising" a seriesof blades secured to the Wall of the said cylinder; a shaft mounted in the said cylinder and adapted to be rotated in either direction; means adapted to cause the reaction in the movementof the said air and comprising va second series of blades mounted on the said shaft; means adapted to rotate the said cylinder and the bladessecured thereto; and means'adapted to rotate the said shaft and the blades mountedthereon in either direction.

JAMES J. FITZGERALD.

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