US1571137A - Method and apparatus for annealing glassware - Google Patents

Description

Jan. 26 1926. 1,571,137

v. MULHOLLAND METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ANNEALING GLASSWARE Filed March 31. 1925 figg. f

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v. MULHOLLAND METHOD AND APPARATUS FR ANNELING GLASSWRE Filed March. 3l, 7 Sheets sheet 3 @er Mzzl @Z iz Q0 @ghn Azfy Jan. 26 1926.

V. MULHOLLAND METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ANNEALING GLASSWARE Filed March C51. 1925 '7 Sheets-Sheet 4 Wer Z? Jan. 26 1926.

V. MULHOLLAND l METHOD AND PPARATUS FOR ANNEALING GLASSWARE Filed March 31. 1925 '7 Sheets-Sheet 5 Jaim.` 26 1926. 1,571,137

v. MULHOLLAND METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ANNEALING GLASSWARE Flled March 31, 192:: 7 Sheets sheet 7 Patented Jan. 26, 1926.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

VERGIL MULHOLLAND, 0F WEST HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT. ASSIGNOB TO HART- FORD-EMPIRE COMPANY, OF HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT, .A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE.

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ANNEALING GLASSWABE.

Application filed March 31, 1925.

To nl? whom 'it may concern.'

Be it known that I, Venen. HULHOLLAND, a citizen of the United States, residin at vest Hartford, in the county of Hartgord and l@tate of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in lllcthods' and Apparatus for Annealing rlassware. of which the following is a specitication.

This invention relates to a method of and apparatus for annealing glassware and particularly for annealing a continuous succession of articles delivered from a Ware-shaping machine. More specifically, it relates to thc annealing of glassware in a lehr of the tunnel type in which the ware passes in procession through a tunnel whose temperature varies from end to end.

Glassware, after being shaped in a mold, is ordinarily7 removed therefrom while still very hot and is annealed by radually cooling it to atmospheric temperaure. If merely set out in the open air it will cool too rapidly and unevenly. lts outer surface will cool and contract more rapidly than its interior portions. thus altering the relative dimensions and locations of different portions of the piece and creating stresses therein, which fend to disrupt it. To avoid or minimize these stresses is the object of annealing. If not suflciently or properly annealed, so that undue internal stresses still exist therein, the article breaks easily when used or handled, and may even f ly into small pieces spontaneously.

l'n annealing glassware commerically, it is customary to pass the ware, disposed in several longitudinal rows side by side on a metallic conveyor, through a passage or tunnel heated to a low red heat at the entrance end for 20% or 25% of its length and having,r a gradually decreasing temperature toward the discharge end where it approaches atmospheric temperature. Such an apparatus is known as a tunnel lehr. In the usual practice of annealing with such tunnellehrs` the first step is an attempt at ualizingr the temperature in each article y re heating it to approximately a low red heat, or at least to a condition suliiciently plastlc to release any stresses existing therein. After this the article is gradually cooled as it asses through the tunnel.

n the construction of the usual lehrs Serial No. 19,615.

above described, the ware is carried through the tunnel on a conveyor, which may be composed of a series of slats or pans carried by chains. Whatever the construction of this conveyor, it is of necessity spaced from the floor ofthe tunnel, and the space between the conveyor and the floor forms, in effect, a flue through which air currents pass in one direction or the other and in which convection currents are continually in. circulation. No attempt has been madeV to control or regulate the air currents setup in the lehr below the conveyqrand above the tloor, and as the lehrs are usually horizontal, the longitudinal flow of air through this flue, formed below the conveyor, has been subject to constant variations during;r the operation of the lehr, depending upon outside circumstances, such as the direction of the wind.

The horizontal position of the lehr has caused the same result in the air currents in the space above the conveyor, that is, at one time there may be an out-draft al the receiving end of the lehr and at another time there may he an indraft. making a uniform treatment of the ware impossible. Thus, it is apparent that the structures heretofore employed have of necessity produced uncontrollable air currents at uncontrolled temperatures, which prevented uniformity in the continued operation of the lehr, and made it impossible to subject the articles in a single transverse row across the conveyor to the same heat conditions.

Such lehrs require a large amount of fuel. Moreover` the annealing done by them is frequently more or less uncertain and incomplete, due not only to inadequate control of the initial heating and the rate of subsequent cooling of the ware, but also to considerable differences in temperature between different points in the same transverse section or zone of the tunnel. This causes or permits too wide a difference in temperature between different ortions of the same article and between dlerent articles of the same transverse row as the articles advance through the lehr. Under these conditions, an extremely slow rate of cooling is employed in an attempt to anneal the particular articles under the most adverse heat conditions, Even with this slow rate of cooling these conditions tend toward faulty annealing of Various methods and apparatus havebeen provided for the purpose of maintaining all parts of each article and all of the ware in each transverse row in the lehr, at ap-V proximately the same temperature While cooling. If there is any substantial difference in temperature indifferent parts of the same article, itwill not be properly annealed and if one article in a transverse row varies greatly in temperature from another article, one or the other of the articles will not be properly annealed unless the temperature changes are made at such a slow rate as to accommodate the article at the abnormal temperature.

If all portions of a glass article, which is being annealed, are brought to a uniform annealing temperature, and are held at this temperature a sutlcient time to permit the release of strains, and if the subsequent cooling be kept uniform as to all portions of the article, it can be cooled and annealed perfectly, which result is not possible in the usual commercial lehr. This is an ideal condition for annealing and permits the article to be annealed and cooled in a minimum time, as for instance, with certain kinds of Ware, in less than one hour as cornpared With two andone-.half to five hours 1n the l. old-style lehr The nearer such ideal conditions can be approached in a tunnel lehr, the more etlicient and better` will be its annealing.

A more complete discussion of the abovementioned factors will be found in my copending application for Letters Patent, Serial No. 661,827, filed Sept. 1o, 1923, on many features of which the present application constitutes an improvement.

The general objects of the present invention are to produce better annealing of glassware, to save as much fuel as possible in the annealing, and to reduce the time of annealing, as well as to overcome or minimize various disadvantages of existing tunnel lehrs.

More specifically, the object is to create a proper environment through which the glassware may be moved continuously on a conveyor an'd in which it may be subjected, as nearly as possible, 'to the ideal cooling conditions to produce the best possible annealing and to reduce the time and cost of the operation.

Another object is to provide improved means and methods for controlling the temperature throughout the length of a lehr tunnel so as to produce as near the ideal environment for the ware as possible.

Another object of the invention is to overcome the uncontrolled air currents which. as previously mentioned, have heretofore existed both above and below the conveyor. This object is accom lisled by arranging the lehr at a slight inclination which induces a draft of l`air toward the higher, hot end, thus preventing any air currents from flowing in the opposite direction and securing control -of such convection currents as may exist. In order to prevent air currents from owing belovvr the conveyor the present lehr provides a conveyor in 'direct contact with the lehr Hoor on one side and the Ware on the other.

Another object is to control the local convection currents within the tunnel and utilize them in producing the desired thermal environment for the ware and in producing as nearly a uniform temperature as possible throughout any article or transverse row of articles.

Another object is to provide a lehr tunnel composed of standard sections which may be placed end to end to any desired length. More specific objects are to provide various structural features to be pointed out below.

In carrying out the foregoing objects` I provide a lehr having a plurality of lower fines extending longitudinally beneath the tunnel and a plurality of upper ilues extending longitudinally above the tunnel, all of said Hues being provided with dampercontrolled openings arran ed at spaced intervals throughout their length and communicating with the outside atmosphere.

Heated gases are passed through the lovvert .dues from the receiving yend of the lehr toward the delivery end thereof, and the temperature of the gases, and therefore the temperature of the floor of the tunnel throughout its len h, is controlled at will by adjusting the ampers in these flues to dilllute the gases with air at selected interv s.

Cooling air is passed through the u )per tlues in a direction opposite to that o the flow of the heated gases, and the cooling effect of the air is also regulated to control the temperature of the top of the tunnel throughout its length by adjusting the dempers in these tlues to permit more or lessof the air .to escape to the outside atmosphere at selected intervals.

By properly adjusting the dampers in both the upper and lower-fines, the temperatures atthe bottom and at the top of the tunnel may be independently regulated so as to control the circulation of local heatconvection currents in the tunnel thereby rendering it possible to distribute the heat uniformly both vertically and transversel)v of the tunnel. ""v

Ware is carried through the tunnel by an endless conveyor, preferably composed of dexible Woven Wire fabric, the ware-bearing strand of which rests directly upon the Hat floor of the tunnel. By reason ofethe light weight and open construction of the conveyor, it has low heat capacity and relatively great surface area in proportion to its mass, and therefore follows very closely the tem erature of its environment.

T e roof or upper wall of the tunnel is constructed of metallic sheets provided with a plurality of parallel, longitudinally-extending corrugations substantially V-shapc in cross-section. These corrugations provide the coolinr lues, mentioned above, for conducting coo ing air adjacent to the top of the tunnel, and they also provide a top of relatively great heat-radiating surface in com iarison with the width of the tunnel.

The angularity of the sides of the corrugations is such as to disperse transversely the radiated heat reflected from their surfaces and also to produce a transversely distributed effect in absorbing radiated heat. In this way they tend to produce a uniform distribution of heat throughout any transverse zone of the tunnel.

These features, as Well as additional features of novelty to be hereinafter pointed out, will be best understood from the following desci'iption, together with the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a diagrammatic side View of a lelii constructed in accordance with my invention;

F ig. 2 is a vertical longitudinal section through the receiving end of the tunnel and the tire box, taken on line 2 2 of Fig. 6;

Fig. 3 is a similar view through a succeeding section of the lehr;

Fig. 4 is a View partly in side elevation and partly in vertical section of the exit end of the lehr;

Fig. 5 is a horizontal step section through the entrance end of the tunnel and the fire box;

Fig. 6 is a vertical transverse section taken on line 6 6 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 7" is a similar View through the delivery end of the lehr;

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary plan view of the receiving end of the lehr, illustrating the ware-spacing device"for the conveyor;

Fig. 9 is a side elevation of the conveyor 'driving mechanism Fig. 10 is a vertical longitudinal Section thiiugh the mechanism shown in Fig. 9; an Y Fig. 11 is a vertical transverse section through one of the supports for the top of the lehr, showing the expansion oint between the metallic plates which orm the roof of the tunnel.

The present lehr comprises in general, as

indicated in Fig. 1, an entrance or receiving section A; an exit or delivery section B; a plurality of intermediate sections C, of an desired number; a fire box D, located beneath the receiving section A; a delivery table or platform E located at the exit end of the tunnel; an endless belt conveyor F the Ware-bearing strand of which traverses the tunnel and the table E, and the idle strand of which returns to the receiving or hot en'd of the tunnel beneath the lehr; and a conveyor-driving mechanism G.

The several sections of the lelir are supported in end-toend relation to form a tunnel,` by suitable frame-Work 1, which may be adjusted vertically, as by the bolt-andslot construction l shown in Fig. 3. The tunnel is slightly inclined downwardly from the hot or receiving end to the cool or delivery eiid to cause a tendency for air to flow through the tunnel, in an opposite direction to the ware movement that is barely sutlicient to prevent an inllow of cold air at the hot end of the tunnel without necessarily exerting a material cooling influence upon the Ware. Such a cooling infiuence b v a longitudinal current of air may be employed to a slight extent, if desired, provided the longitudinal current is sutliciently broken up by local transverse convection currents to prevent an injurious effect from stratification of air at different temperatures. In this Way, the local convection currents moving transverse to the longitudinal current will permit the cooling effect of the longitudinal current and lstill tend to produce a uniform temperature throughout any transverse Zone of the tunnel. The bottom wall of the receiving section A, and several of the succeeding intermediate sections C, may be constructed as shown in Figs. 2 and 3, of heat insulating brick 2 laid on a bed of heat-insulating cement The cement bed 3 is, in turn, supported bv a bed plate 4 and side channel bars 5 (Fig. 6) which latter constitute a part of the frame-Work 1.

The side walls of the sections A and C of the lehr each comprise spaced inner and outer parallel sheet metal plates 6 and 7, respectively (Fig. 6) which provide a hous-` ing for insulating material 8, such as powdered kieselguhr or mineral wool. Outer plates 7 at each side of the lehr are rigidl secured together, but the inner plates 6, which are subject to the heat of the tunnel, 'overlap each other for sliding movement to permit their longitudinal .expansion without buckling, and may be provided with bright heat-reflecting inner surfaces. The thin sheet-inetal plates 6 may be quickly heated up to their working temperature with a minimum amount of heat, since their heat capacity'is very low. The insulation Soutsi e of these plates reduces the dissipation of heat to the outside, so that only a Lminimum amount of heat is required to maintain the lehr tunnel at the desired temperature. The bright inner surfaces of the plates 6 reflect the heat radiated from the ware and together with the outer plates 10, form a vide two parallel longitudinal heating lurality of longitudinal and parallel coollng iues 13, whlch project into the tunnel space, as best shown in Figs. 6 and 7. The upper bends or corrugations of the lates 9 may, if desired, be slightly spaced elow the upper plates 10, so as to permit an exchange of air between the several cooling dues, which tends to equalize the pressure and temperature therein. In addition, the corrugatlons provide a root` for the tunnel having a relatively large heat-absorbing Surface in comparison to the width of the tun nel. The angularity of the sides of the corrugations 12 is such as to reliect the radiated heat downwardly at an angle to the vertical and to absorb heat radiated from points to o'ne side of the vertical, thereby tending to equalize the temperature transversely of the tunnel. The beams 11 are formed with a series of V-shaped depressions to accommodate the corrugations 12 and provide seats therefor. The upper surfaces of the beams 11 are also formed, as best shown in Fig. 11, with parallel channels 14 adapted to contain an insulating packing 15 upon which the edges of the plates 9 and 10 are secured for a limited degree of sliding movement by metallic strips 16 and bolts 17 threaded into the beams 11. Sufficient clearance is provided between the opposed edges of the plates 9 and 10 to permit their longitudinal expansion when heated.

The top of the lehr above the heated end and above several of the succeeding sections is insulated, to retard the cooling of the Ware, by several layers of fibrous insulatingr material in the form of superposed slabs 18, the number of layers of which is reduced toward the cold end ofV the lehr. The side walls and top of the delivery section B of the lehr are not insulated, as at this point it is desired to accelerate the dissipation of heat from the ware as much as is possible. I

Within' the lehr and sup orted by the refractory bottom 2 are a p urality of in verted Achannel members 19, which are preferably constructed of cast iron, and are arranged in end-to-end relation in pairs longitudinally of the tunnel. These members form the floor of the tunnel and ro' ues 20. The channel members 19 are maintained against displacement by cli s 21 which engage lips 22 formed in the sides of the members, and by bolts 23 (Figs. 3 and 5) which extend through bosses 24 provided near the central portion of one end of each of the members 19. The bosses 24 also act as additional supports for the bottom of the tunnel and assist in preventing the working thereof.

For the purpose of rovidin expansion joints between the mem ers 19, t e top edge wof the fixed end of each of these members overlaps a channel 25 (Fig. 2) which is formed in the adjacent edge of the next `succeeding' member and which is {ille-d with a gas-tight packing 26. Sufficient clearance is allowed between the opposed edges of the members 19 to permit their longitudinal expansion when heated. Since the members 19 are anchored to the bottom of the Vlehr at one of their ends only, they are free to ex and toward the opposite end without warping or buckling.

The lehr is heated by a burner 27 (Fig. 2) which projects a flame forwardly through an opening 28 into a combustion chamber 29 provided in the lire box D. Thisvcbamber is provided with an inner liningl 30 of refractory material and with an outer covering 31 of heat-insulating brick supported by transverse channel bars 32 secured to the frame 1 of the lehr. 2

The character of the combustion in the chamber 29 may be observed through two ports 33 disposed one on eaclgl side of the burner inlet 28, as best shownin Fig. 5. As the products of combustion from the burner pass forwardly. they enter a relatively wide portion 34 of the chamber 29, where thev are diluted. to lower their temperature. by air from the outside atmosphere which is admitted through two parale lol ducts 35 provided in the bottom of the chamber. Observation ports 36 are also provided in the side walls of the chamber 34. The amount of diluting air that is admitted to the chamber 34 through the ducts 35 is regulated at will by dampers 37 which may be manipulated. if necessary, to admit more or less air to one side or to the other of the chamber, thus distributing the heat equally transversely of the chamber.

As the products of combustion pass forwardly they encounter a bale 38 (Figs. 2 and 5) provided on the bottom of the chamber 34. over which they pass through spaced' ed transversely of the lehr as they emerge from the ports 4 by reason of their tortuous passage from the combustion chamber 29. The heated gases in this condition then rise through spaced vertical fines 42and encounter an angle plate 43 which forms a continuation of the metallic bottom of the tunnel and which deflects the heated gases rearwardly into the heating tlues 20, beneath the lehr tunnel. The construction of the fire box D and its arrangement beneath Athe receiving end of the lehr not only insures that the products of combustion are thoroughly mixed before they are admitted to the heating ilue 20, but reduces the size of the lehr, and permits easy access to the entrance 0f the tunnel and to the conveyor.

The heated gases are drawn throu li the lues :20 by a motor-driven exhaust an 44 shown in Figs. 1 and 4, which is mounted on an overhead frame Astructure 45. This fan communicates, through a pipe 46, with a pair of vertical flues 47, disposed one on each side of the lehr and communicatin at their lower ends, through a transverse uct 48, with both of the lues 20.

The temperatures in the flues 20 are regulated by the admission of regulated amounts of air from the outer atmosphere at suitably spaced points lengthwise of these lues. Such admission of air is controlled b means of dampers 49 provided at openings 50 which are located at intervals along the tlues 20 and which communicate with the outside atmosphere. One of these openings, with its damper arrangement, is shown `in Fig. 3, and others are indicated in Fig. 1. A damper 51 is also provided in the pi e 46 to regulate the draft produced by tlie fan 44.

Cooling air is forced through the ilues 13 in the top of the lehr tunnel, in a direction opposite to that of the flow of the heating gases in the l'lues 20, by means of a fan 52 shown in Figs. 1 and 4. This fan is mounted on the blower-sup orting frame 45 and communicates with all) pf the lues 13 through a common flue or conduit 53 provided with a damper 54.

, The temperature adientor curve in the portions of the cooling fines 13 adjacent to the cooling zone of the tunnel, that is to say, the rate aud degree of variati-ons` iu temperature longitudinally of these fines, may be alsorcgulated by dampers 55 rovided in spaced stacks 56 (Figs. 1 :ind2 3) which communicate `with the outside atmosphere through the top of the lehr.

By ropeily adjusting both the dempers 49 and) 55 in the heatinfrflues 2Q `and the cooling flue 13 respectively, the desired teinperat-uregradients may beobtained in these fines and the portions of the ltunnel'adjacent thereto. That is to sa ,uthe character 0f the temperature curves o tained by plat- Athe same time that he is regulating'and observting temperatures as ordinates against distance along the lehr as absciss, in both the heating flue and in the cooling flue is determined by the number of the damper-controlled openings, b' the amount that the dampcrs are opene to the outside atmosphere, and also by the location of the dampers. For example, the less the amount of cooling air from the outer atmos here that is permitted to enter the `forwar or hotter gortions of the heating lues 20, the greater t istance will the heat in these flues influence the temperatures therein; and the less the amount of cooling air that is allowed to escape from the rear or cooler ends of the cooling flues 13, the greater distance will the cooling air traverse these flues. It therefore follows that by regulating the amount that the gases in the eating {lues are diluted and cooled by outside air, and by regulating the amount of cooling air escaping to the atmosphere from the cooling lues 13 and'by also determinin the location of the dampers that are adJusted, the resultant temperature tgradients of the top and bottom portions o the tunnel may not only be controlled at will, but the point or zone of maximum drop in the temperature curves may be shifted longitudinally of the tunnel. p

By thus heatingv the floor of the tunnel to cause upwardly moving convection currents and by cooling the top of the tunnel to cause downwardly moving convection currents and by independently regulating the degree of heatin and cooling, the rate of movement of the convection currents in the tunnel maybe controlled at will, thereby rendering 1't possible to obtain a substantially uniform temperature, so far as its eil'eet upon the ware is concerned, in a vertical direction in any transverse section or zone in the tunnel. v

The draft in the combustion chamber may be controlled independently of the dam er 51 by a dam er 57 which, as shown in 11g. 3, is provide in a transverse U-shapedwluct- 58 which is formed in the bottom et the lehr and which establishes communication between the parallel heating flues 20. This damper, for convenience, is operated by means of n suitable serew-threaded rod provided with a lian'd wheel 59 (F ig. l) that is lo ated at a point adjacent to the [ire box Dttpspermitting the operator to regulate aft in the combustion chamber at the lng the character of the flame delivered by the burner.

The receiving table E consists of a plurality of spaced parallel longitudinal bars or rails G0 Figs. 1, 4 andAlO) which are supported at their forward ends by the frame of the deliverv section B of the lehr` and at their rear ends by a frame 61 of the ioo beit driving mhmim G. This 4time p vides a support 'for the conveyor as it together with einer from the tunnel bear" the anneale ware, and is of suicient ength to permit severaliersons to standside by side on each side o the table to inspect and remove the ware from the conveyor for ack- The conveyor F and the table are :u ciently narrow to it easy access. from either side of the table, to ware located in the central portion of the conve or.

The conveyor F is an endle belt of exible o structure, the ware-bearing strand of which lies dat vupon the cast iron inverted channel members 19,v which constitute the bottom of the lehr tunnel. and u n .the rails of the receiving table E. prefer that the conveyor belt be composed of woven bo wire fabric, as the relatively small amount of metal employed in a conveyor of such its openwork structure, insures a low heatl capacity, a large heatradiating suracearea in comparison with its mas, maximum radiation of heat through the openinthe conveyor, and minimum contact with both the bottom of the tunnel and with the'ware. 4

As best shown in Figs. 9 and 10, the con veyor. as it advances over the end of the receiving table E, passes over a roller 6'2 journaled in the frame 61 and thence forwardly and around a4 drivin drum 63 which i n an idler roller 83`and is mounted on a shaft 64 Journaled in the frame 61.v At the point where the beltA leaves the drum 63 it passes-over and rearwardly around a roller 65 which is journaled at its ends in side blocks 66, mounted in ways 67. The drum 63 and the roller 65 are provided with resilient anti-slippin coverings 68 and 69 respectively, compose of rubber or the like, so as to' present a tractive surface, to the belt and insure a ositire driving contact-therewith. The ro er 65 is maintained in 4grip ing contact with the belt F by jackscrews lit) which are threaded Vin the waysl 64 and '6T and which bear against the side blocks 66. Y

The drum 63 and the roller 65 are rotated by a. sprocket wheel 71, which is driven in any preferred manner. The s rocket wheel 71 is mounted ona shaft 72 w ich carries a worm`,73 mesh? with a worin wheel 74 carried by a sha 75. A inion 76 is also keyed to the shaft 75, an

gear wheel 77 mounted on a shaft 78. A

' pinion 79 is also keyed ,to the shaft 'I8 and meshes with a gear wheel 80 carried by the drum 63. The gear wheel 80 meshes with a ar wheel 81 on the roller 65`whereby both edmm and roller are driven at the same peri heral speed.

Tge conveyor belt F, after around the roller 65-passes forward ly an around upwardly and .lehr tunnel into meshes with a over a roller 84 carried. by the frame 61. The idler roller 88 isv carried by arms 85 which are pivotally connected to a shaft 86 carried by the frame-Bland may be augusted to take u any slack in the belt by means of adlustable rods 87, which are secured at their rear ends to the arms 85, and at their forward ends to the frame 1 ofthe delivery section B of the lehr. After leaving the roller 84, the. belt F wardly beneath the lehr and is supported at intervals by rollers 88 which are mounted passes forv on the frames 1 of the several .sections of v supported, as shown-AinFig. 2, by a guidetrack 89 disposed beneath the fire Y* As the belt leaves this track, it passes around a. roller 90 and u wardly parallel to the front end of the fine ox and way or thence over a roller 93 disposed a 4 'acent to the entrance of the tunnel. From e roller` 93 the belt passes over the an le plate `43 and into the front end of theehr tunnel. In order to faclitatethe ton of heat from the anglelate 43 'to the conve or, this element is pre ably rovided witlia ribbed upper surface'94 ig. 5), mg a be the case if the baille 43 resented a at surface to the conveyor be t. The ribbed surface also reenforces the baille and tends to prevent any warping Vof this element through expansion and contraction`.`

The-upper portion of tlieentranee of the tunnel is closed by ablock or slab 95 of insulating material, the lower edge 'of which terminatesat a suicient distance from the conveyor to permitthe .passa of ware therebeneath. An insulating bFe ned' hva forwardly and rearwardly adjust` able 2- late 96* is mounted on the bottom of the le at` a slight distance from the timnel o ing and maycari'ya plurality of spaeemi'ertical wire mesh partitions 9 7. These partitions separate the width: of the equal spaces, each of sollicient width to accommodate ,a bottle, thus insurin that the ware is verse y of the tunnel en placed. on the conveyorbelt by the carrying-in boy in in stallations not equipped with a mechanical lehr-stacking device.

The blocks 95 and 96 together practically close the entrance end of the tunnel in a horizontal direction and tend to retard the flow' of air through the tunnel. Bv reason of theotl'set dis thus givbetween them in a vertical direction in de-.. ositing it on the conveyor. block 4320i Alieat insulating material is disposed ad1a` greater heat-radiating area than would l ock 96 car-` r ially spaced translll l ition of these bloclxs relal tive to each ot er, 'ware mav be inserted` cent to the member 43 andpreventa air from" entering the tunnel beneath the blpk the tunnel at 'any desire Sufficient space is, however, provided between the blocks. 43 and 96 to permit the conveyor to pass therebetween.

The Ware is prevented from contacting with the inner side Walls 6 of the tunnel by means of longitudinal ribs 98, which are secured to the side ,Walls of the tunnel adjacent to the surface of the conveyor belt.

Pyrometer elements ma be inserted into points for indicatin the temperatures within the tunnel. For t iis purpose, pipe sections 99 are shown on Figs. and extending through the top of the lehr and held in place by nuts 100. Similar inlet pipes for inserting pyrometer elements may be provided in the side walls4 as shown at 101, Fig. 7, for the purpose of determining the temperature in the heating lues.'

In operation, the ware is deposited on the conveyor F and is carried by the conveyor into the tunnel. During the first part of its travel through the tunnel, the ware is subjected to a temperature necessary to bring it to a uniform temperature and to hold it at this temperature for a snlicient time to permit of the release of strains. After the strains have been relieved the Ware is carried by the conve or into an environment of a gradually ecreasing temperature through which Vit passes until it emerges from the tunnel at the delivery end thereof the glass is set by this time, it ma be, 1n some cases, still too hot to be hand e and it is therefore carried for a short distance along the table E where it is subjected to the coolinor etl'ect of the outside atmosphere and rapid .y loses its heat.v The openwork structure of the conveyor and the table E, permits heat to dissi ate from the Ware, in all directions', by ra iation and convection. As soon as the Ware reaches a temperature where it can be comfortably handled, it is removed from the conveyor, inspected and packed b operators stationed on each side of the ta le E. After passing,over the end of the table E, the conveyor passes throu h the drivin mechanism 4 G heretofore escribed an thence forwardly beneath the tunnel to its entrance end.

By properly adjusting the various dampers 1n the Vup er and lower fines, the temperature of t e tunnel may be regulated to suit the particular requirements of the e of Ware being annealed. or exam le, if the initial heat contentof the ware at t ie time that it is delivered to the lehr is insutlicient, after having become -uniformly ldistributed throughout the ware, to permit the strains existin in the glass to be effectively relieved, additional heat must be supplied to the ware from an external source. In such cases the temperature in the fines 20 in an annealed condition. Although is maintained suiiiciently high, through a portion of their length, to maintain the environment of the tunnel for a corresponding distance at a temperature at which strains in the Glass may relax within a reasonable time. 'he flues 2O throunfhont this particular portion oftheir length function as heating flues.

After the Ware reaches this temperature, the cooling operation may be begun, and the rate at which the ware is cooled from this Vpoint on is determined byV proper adjustment of the various dempers. It may occur that, owing to thcrparticular character of the ware, the coolin operation may be accelerated and in suc instances the ilues 20 mav be utilized throughout the remainder of their length as cooling lues b adjusting the dempers 49 so as to lower t etemperature in these fines below that of the ware.

In other cases suiicient initial heat is retained in certain portions of the ware, so that after it has become uniformly distributed throughout the ware, the temperature thereof is suiciently high to permit the strains to be relieved. Under such condi tions, it is unnecessary to supply additional heat to the ware and the temperature in the iiues 2() ma consequently be maintained lower than that of the ware, and these tiues may thus function as cooling flues throughout their entire length. In such instances, the temperature in the flues 20, while being lower than that of the Ware, is maintained sufciently high to restrict the dissipation of heat therefrom to the proper rate.

The dempers 49 in the lues 20 permit a very flexible control of the temperature in these fines, as the bottom of the tunnel, being of metalli;- construction, follows very closely the temperature in these lues. It, therefore, follows that b v properly manipulating the dampers 49 in the lines 20, the exchange if heat between the Ware and the metallic bottom of the tunnel may be also verv accurately controlled.

y means of the above-described features, such as the tunnel Wall construction, which provide for roper insulation. radiation and reflection of lient; the corrugated top or wall, adapted to uniform transverse thermal effects: andthe fines above and below the tunnel separatedtherefrom by their metal walls, which control the rate of movement of convection currents; the temperature of the ware throughout any transverse section or zone of the tunnel is made so nearly uniform as to approximate the ideal environment. The temperature in any transverse Zone of the tunnel is substantially the same, so far as its effect upon the ware is concerned, in the top, bottom, sides and corners of that zone.

Thus, as the articlespass through the Successive zonesof the tunnel, they retain or Yacquire the progressively falling temperatures of those zones, and all portions of every article A through any-zone acquire apxiniately the temperature of that zone with suilicient uniformity for practical annealing. By this a paratus and method of temperature contro average glass articles may be annealed in a verv short time, re-

uiriiig in many cases less than one hour for t e annealing-and final cooling. as against the usual time. of two and one half to five hours required by the best previous commarcial annealin lehrs.

The various tur@ of the invention herein described` as incorporated in a single organized apparatus may be used separately` or inpother combinations, and various modifications may be made in the arrangement and construction of the parts, and in the method of cooling the article to be annealed. For some uses, as for example for the haiidling of only one kind of ware, some of the adjustments and other provisions for handling varied kinds of ware may be dispensed with. The lehr tunnel may be made integral throughout its length. In this and in other ways the method and apparatus herein described and shown may be modified within the scope of the appended claims.

I claim 1. The method of annealing glaware, which comprises passi a series o glass articles throu h a tunne heating a wall of said tunnelrliy passing a current of heated gases adjacent thereto, and regulating the heating of said wall by cooling said gases at predetermined intervals in the path of travel thereof.

2. The method of annealing glassware, which comprises passing a series of glass articles through a tunnel, heating the bottom of said tunnel by assing a. current of heated gases therebenea and regulating the heating of said bottom by coo ing said gases at predetermined intervals longitudinally of said tunnel. a a

3. The method of annealing glass ware, which comprises passin a series of glass articles througlli a tunne heating a wall of said tunnel y passing a current of heated gases adjacent thereto, and regulating the heating of said wall by diluting said gases with cold air from the outer atmosphere at predetermined intervals in the path of said gases.

4. The method of annealing glass ware. which comprises passing the ware throuth a tunnel, heating the lower portion of e tunnel to cause upwardly moving convection currents, cooling the u r portion of the tunnel to cause downwarl)e moving conyection currents, and inde gently regulating both the heating and ncoolin o said portions of the tunnel at intervalsongitudinally thereof to control the reteof movement of said convection currents.

A 5: The method of annealing glassware, which comprises passing the ware through a tunnel. heating the lower portion of said tunnel to cause upwardly moving convection currents. cooling the up r portion of the tunnel to cause downward y moving convec tion currents, and inde ndently regulating both the lieatingan the coo 0f said portions of the tunnel at interv in the path of travel of the ware to selectively retard and accelerate the movement of said convection currents to obtain a substantially uniform temperature in said portions of the tunnel and to vary at will the temperature gradient in said tunnel.

6. The method of annealing aware, which comprises paing ware ugh a tunnel, directing a current f heated gases adjacent to the tunnel! and diluting said current at intervals with atmospheric air to lower the temperature of said tunnel below that of the ware and to control at will the tem rature gradient in said tunnel.

7. A. ehr for glaware comprising a-tunnel, a liuc asociated with said tunnel, means for causing a heating medium to flow through said flue, and means for reducing the temperature in said flue selectively at an one of a plurality of intervals along said ue, and for thereby changing at will the temperature within said tunnel.

8. A lehr for annealing glassware oomprising a tunnel, a flue associated with said tunnel, means for c using a heating medium to llow through saiV flue, the said flue being divided into a plurality of independently controllable heating zones, and means for increasing or decreasing at will the temperature in any of the said zones.

9. A lehi` foi' glassware comprising an annealing tunnel, a heated'ilue disposed beneath said tunnel, a cool flue dis osed above said tunnel, and means for in ependentl regulating the temperature gradient in eac of said lines longitudinall of the tunnel to vary the temperature gra ient in said tunnel.

10. A lehr for glassware comprising an annealing tunnel, a heating flue and a cooling ilue associated with said tunnel, damper controlled openingsin said flues communieating with the outside atmosphere for independently regulating the temperature gradient in each of said ilues to vary the temperature gradient in said tunnel.

11. A lehr for glassware comprising a tunnel, a line associated with said tunnel, means for causing heated to llow thro ugh said flue, and means for dilutinn the in said line with air to vary at the tem ure gradient in said tunnel.

12. l for lasswareoom "atunnel, alue exteiiug longitueeth of said tunnel, and

tervals to vary at will p produced in said said tunnel, means for causing hot gases to How through said Hue, and means for introducing atmospheric air into said Hue at inthe temperature gradient in -said tunnel.- v

13. A lehr for glassware com rising a tunnel, a Hue extending longitudinally beneath said tunnel, means for causin heated gases to How through said Hue, an means or diluting said gases with air from the outside atmosphere at intervals in the of travel of said gases to regulate the temperature drop in said Hue and tunnel.

14. A Ylehr for glassware comprising a tunnel, a Hue extending longitudinally beneath said tunnel, means for causing heated gases to How through said Hue, and a plurality of damper-controlled openings arranged at intervals longitudinally of said Hue, and capable of being selectively opened to admit air into said Hue to vary at will the temperature gradient in said Hue and tunnel.

15. A lehr 'for glassware comprising a tunnel, a Hue extending longitudinally beneath said tunnel, means for causin heated ses t0 How through said Hue to eat the ower portion of said tunnel, a Hue extending longitudinally above said tunnel, means for causing cooling air to How through said last-mentioned Hue to cool the upper portion a plurality of dampercontrolled openings arranged at intervals longitudinally of both of said Hues and coinmunicating with the outside atmos here to va at will the temperature gra ient in sai tunnel.

16. A lehr com rising a tunnel, said tunnel being inclinedpdownwrdly from its receiving end to its delivery end to cause a tendency for the heated air therein to accumulate adjacent to the entrance thereof, a Hue extending longitudinally beneath said tunnel, means for causing a How of heated gases through said Hue, and means for admitting regulable quantities of air from the outer atmosphere into said Hue at intervals longitudinally thereof to dilate the gases in said Hueand vary at will Jthe temperature gradient in said tunnel.

17. A ehr comprising an annealin tunnel, a heating Hue extending longitu inally benath said tunnel, a fire box located bebeneath said tunnel, a fire box located bemeans for causing products of combustion fire box to How vtoward the receiving endof said tunnel, and then in the op osite direction through said flue.

18. lehr comprising an annealin tunnel, a heating Hue extendin longitucnally beneath said tunnel, a lire gbox located beneath the receiving end of said tunnel, means for causing roducts of combustion produced in said fire ox to How toward the receiving end of said tunnel and then in the opposite direction through said Hue, and means for path combustion chamber controlling the How of said products of combustion.

19. A lehr comprising an annealin tunnel, a heatingHue extendin lon itu inally beneath said tunnel, a fire ox ocated beneath the receivin end of said tunnel, means for causing prodgucts of combustion produced in said fire box to How toward the receiving end of said tunnel and then in the opposite direction through said Hue, and means for causing the said products of combustion to traverse a tortuous path while passin fromV said fire box to said Hue.

20. lehr comprising an annealing tunnel, a heating Hue extending lon itudinally beneath said tunnel, a fire box ocated beneath the receiving end of said tunnel, a in said fire box, means for causing products of combustion produced in said combustion chamber to How toward the receiving end of said tunnel and then in the opposite direction through said Hue and a plurality of baille elements in the path of travel of said products of combustion to cause a tortuous How of said prodcts in passing from said chamber to said 21. A 'lehr comprising an annealin tunnel, a heating Hue extending lon itu inally beneath said tunnel, a fire box lgocated beneath the receiving end of said tunnel, a combustion chamber in said fire box, means for causing products of combustion produced in said fire box to How toward the receiving end of said tunnel and then in the opposite direction through said Hue, and means for introducing atmospheric air into said fire box to dilute the said products of combustion and regulate the temperature thereof.

22. A lehr comprising an annealing tunnel, a heating Hue extending longitudinally beneath said tunnel, a fire box located beneath the receiving end of said tunnel, a combustion chamber in said lire box, means for causing the products of combustion roduced in said combustion chamber to ow toward the receiving end of said tunnel and then in the opposite direction through said Hue, and means for regulating the draft in said combustion chamber to uniformly distribute the heat therein transversely thereof.

23. A lehr comprising an annealing tunnel, a heating Hue extending lon 'tudinally beneath said tunnel, a fire box ocatcd beneath the receiving end of said tunnel, a combustion chamber in said fire box, means for causing roducts of combustion4 produced in said combustion chamber to How toward the receivin end yof said tunnel and then in the opposite direction through said Hue, and means for shifting the draft in said combustion chamber transversely thereof.

24. A lehr comprising a tunnel, a member for closing the upper portion of the entrance cud of said tunnel, and a member for closing the lower portion of the entrance end of said tunnel, said members being disposed in different vertical planes to permit ware to be inserted between said members in depositing it in` said tunnel.

Q5. A lehr comprisinor an inclined tunnel a member for closing the upper portion o the upper end of said tunnel, and a member for closing the lower portion of the upper end of said tunnel, said members being ofiset relative to each other longitudinally of said tunnel and adapted to retard the flow of air through said tunnel and to permit ware to be inserted vertically between said members in depositing it in said tunnel.

26. A lehr comprising an inclined tunnel, means for retarding the ow of air through the entrance of said tunnel, said means including a baiile member closing the up er portion of the entrance and a bailiemem er closing the lower portion of the entrance, said baille members being otlset with respect to each other to permit Ware to be inserted therebetween indepositing it in said tunnel.

27. A lehr comprising a'tunnei, a member for closing the upper portion of the entrance end of said tunnel, and a member for closing the lower portion of the entrance end of said tunnel, said members being oil'- set with respect to each other to permit ware to be inserted between said members in depositing it in said tunnel.

28. A lehr comprising a tunnel and a plurality of iues dis osed adjacent a wall thereof, and eac having a portion projecting bodily` into said tunnel and exposed to the air in the said tunnel.

29. A lehr comprising a tunnel having a plurality of iues disposed adjacent to a wall thereof, and in spaced relation with respect to each other,to ermit the air in said tunnel to circulate etween said tlues.

30. A lehr comprising a tunnel having a iue depending from the top thereof to expose the sides of said Hue to the air in said tunnel.

31. A lehr comprising a tunnel having a wall including a member provided with a plurality of corru ations, said corrugations forming a series o fines on one side of said member and a series of heat-reflecting surfaces on the other side thereof.

32. A lehr comprising a tunnel having a wall thereof formed of a plurality of sheet metal members provided with a plurality of corrugations, said corrugations forming a series of liues on one side of said members and a series of heat-retiecting surfaces on the other ,side thereof.

33. A lehr comprising a Atunnel having a wall thereof formed of a plurality of sheet metal members, each rovidediwith a plurality of longitudine y extending corrugametal members arranged in end-to-end relation longitudinally of the tunnel, each of said members being rovided with a plurality of longitudinal y extending corrugations, said corrugations forming a series of fines on one side of said member and a series of heat reflecting surfaces disposed at an angle to each other on the other side thereof.

35. A lehr comprisin a tunnel, a wall of which is constructe of a plurality of sheet metal members, each having a plurality of corrugations formed therein, and a sheet metal member arran ed to extend across said corrugations to bridge the same to form a plurality of lues.

36. A le r comprising a tunnel, the top wall of which consists of a plurality of sheet metal members, each having a plurality of corrugations formed therein, a sheet metal member bridging said corrugations to form a plurality of spaced lues, and an outside layer of insulating material.

37.7A lehr comprising a tunnel the to-p wall of which consists of a plurality of sheet metal members. each having a plurality of longitudinally extending corrugations formed therein, a sheet metal member bridging said corrugations to form a plurality of-spaced flues, and an outside layer of insulating material.

38. A lehr comprising a tunnel the top wall of which consists of a plurality of inner sheet metal members, each having a plurality of corrugations formed therein, a. sheet metal member bridging said corrugations to form a plurality of spaced Iiues, and an outside layer of insulatingr material supported by said bridging member.

39. A lehr comprising a tunnel the top wall of which consists of a pluraiity of lin sheet metal members, each having a plui rality of corrugations formed therein, a sheet metal member bridging Asaid corrugations to form a plurality of spaced ues, an outside layer of insulating material, and expansion joints provided between said members.

40. A lehr com' rising a tunnel having a bottom constructe of a plurality of metallic l members having a sliding connection with each other to permit of their independent expansion.

41. A lehr bottom consisting of material and a plurality of metallic memcomprising a tunnel having a a bed of refractory bers each having one end secured to said bed to permit said members to expand inl a longitudinal direction.

faov

42. A lehr comprising a tunnel, the bottom of which consists of a pluralityof inverted longitudinally extending metallic channel members arranged in vend-t/o-end relation to provide a flue beneath said tunnel, and means for causing gas to flow through said flue.

43. A lehr comprising a tunnel; the bottom of which consists of a plurality of inverted metallic channel members arranged in end-to-end relation in pairs longitudinally of said tunnel to provide a plurality of lues beneath said tunnel, and means for interconnecting said lues to equalize the draft therein.

44. A lehr comprising a tunnel, the bottom of which consists of a plurality of inverted metallic channel members arranged in overlapping relation with each other longi# tudinally of said tunnel, and means for permitting independent longitudinal expansion of each if said members.

45. A lehr comprising a tunnel, the bot- A tom of which consists of a bed of refractory material, a s lurality of inverted metallic channel mem ers mounted on said bed and arranged in end-to-end relation longitudinally of said tunnel to pro-vide a flue beneath the same, means for securing each of said members to said bed at one end of said member, to permit said member to expand longitudinally in an opposite direction, and a yleldable joint between said members.

46.*A lehr comprising a tunnel having a bottom composed of a plurality of members arranged in end-toend relation, an edge of each of said members being provided with a flange oii'set relative to the top plane of said members, and adapted to underlie another edge of an adjacent member, and forming therewith a sliding connection to accommodate movement of said members in a horizontal direction caused b the expansion and contraction of said mem ers.

47. A lehr comprising a tunnel having a bottom composed of a plurality of members arranged in end-to-end relation, an edge of each of said members being provided with a flange olf-set relative to the top plane of said members, and adapted to underlie another edge of an adjacent member and support a refractory packing, said flange forming a sliding connection with the edge of said adjacent member, to accommodate movement 'if said members in a horircontal direction caused by the expansion and contraction of said members. i

48. A lehr comprising a tunpel havin a bottom composed o f a plurality of metallic members arranged in end-to-end relation longitudinally of the tunnel, an edge of each of said members being provided with a horizontal Harige offset relative to the top plane of said member and adapted to underlie the edge of the oppositey end of the adjacent member and support a refractory packing therebetween, said flange and packing forming a sliding joint with the edge of said adjacent member to accommodate longitudinal movement of said members caused by expansi'on and contraction.

49. A lehr comprising a tunnel having a bottom composed of a plurality of metallic members arranged in end-to-end relation, an edge of each of said members being provided with a channel adapted to contain a refractory packing, said channel being adapted to underlie an edge of the adjacent member and forming therewith a sliding joint to accommodate movement of said members in a horizontal direction caused by the expansion and contraction of aid members.

50. A lehr comprising a tunnel having a bottom composed of a plurality of inverted metallicchannel'members arranged in endto-end relation longitudinally of the tunnel to form al flue beneath said tunnel, the horizontal portion of each-of said members bein provided with a channel offset relative to the plane of said horizontal portion and adapted to contain a refractory acking and to underlie the opposite end e ge of the horizontal portion of an adjacent member and forming therewith a. sliding connection between said members to accommodate movement of said members in a longitudinal direction caused by expansion and contraction. i

51. A lehr for annealing glassware comprising a tunnel, a flue associated with said tunnel, means for causing a heatin to flow through said flue, the said ue being divided into a plurality of independently controllable heating zones, and means, including spaced dampers, for increasing or decreasing, of the said zones.

Signed at Hartford, Connecticut, this 30th day of March, 1925.

VERGIL ML FHOLLAND.

medium at will, the temperature in any Logins? 4Q. A lehr comprising a tunnel, the bottom of which consists of a pluralityvof inverted longitudinally extending metallic ychannel members arranged in end-to-end relation to provide a liue beneath said tunnel, and means for causing gas to flow through said flue.

43. A lehr comprising a tunnel; the bottom of which consists of a plurality of inverted metallic channel members arranged in end-to-end relation in pairs longitudinally of said tunnel to provide a plurality of fines beneath said tunnel, and means for interconnecting said iiues to equalize the draft therein. 44. A lehr comprising a tunnel, the bottom of which consists of a plurality of inverted metallic channel members arranged in overla ping relation with each other longi-` tudina ly of said tunnel, and means for permitting independent longitudinal expansion of each` )t said members.

45. A lehr comprising a tunnel, the bottom of which consists of a bed of refractory material, a lurality of inverted metallic channel mem ers mounted on said bed and arranged in end-to-end relation longitudinally of said tunnel to provide a flue beneath the same, means for securing each of said members to said bed at one end of said member, to permit said member to expand lon itudinally in an opposite direction, and a yieldable joint between said members.

46."A lehr comprising a tunnel having a bottom composed of a plurality of members arranged in end-to-end relation, an edge of each of said members being provided with a flange offset relative to the top plane of said members, and adapted to underlie another edge of an adjacent member, and forming therewith a sliding connection to accommodate movement of said members in a horizontal direction caused by the expansion and contraction of said members.

47. A lehr comprising a tunnel having a bottom composed of a plurality of members arranged in end-to-end relation, an edge of each of said members being provided with a flange olf-set relative to the top plane of said members, and adapted to underlie another edge of an adjacent member and support a refractory packing, said flange forming a sliding connection with the edge of said adjacent member, to accommodate movement r' "t said members in a horizontal direction certificate of cori-36am.

It is hereby certified `'that 1926,V u

h in Letters Patent No. l 571 13;? pon the application of Vergil Mulholland, of,

caused by the expansion and contraction of said members. i

48. A lehr comprising a tunnel havin a bottom composed of a plurality of meta lic members arranged in end-to-end relation longitudinally of the tunnel, an edge of each of said members being provided with a horizontal flange oi'set relative to the top plane of said member and adapted to underlie the edge of the opposite end of the" adjacent member and support a refractory packing therebetween, said flange and packing forming a sliding joint with the edge of said adjacent member to accommodate longitudinal movement of said members caused by expansi'on and contraction.

49. A lehr comprising a tunnel havino a bottom composed of a plurality of metallic members arranged in end-to-end relation, an edge of each of said members being provided with a channel adapted to contain a refractory packing, said channel being adapted to underlie an edge of the adjacent member and forming therewith a sliding joint to accommodate movement of said members in a hori zontal direction caused by the expansion and contraction of, said members.

50. A lehr ciimprising a tunnel having a bottom composed of a plurality of inverted metallic channel'members arranged in endto-end relation longitudinally of the tunnel to form a flue beneath said tunnel, the horizontal portion of each'of said members being provided with a channel offset relative to the plane of said horizontal portion and adapted to contain a refractory acking and to underlie the opposite end e ge of the horizontal portion of an adjacent member and forming therewith a sliding connection between said members to accommodate movement of said members in a longitudinal direction caused by expansion and contraction.

5l. A lehr for annealing glassware comprising a tunnel, a lue associated with said tunnel, means for causing a heatin medium to flow through said lue, the said ue being divided into a plurality of independently controllable heating zones, and means, including spaced dempers, for increasing or decreasing, at will, the temperature in any of the said zones.

Signed at Hartford, Connecticut, this 30th day of March, 1925.

VER-Gl L ML T HOLA ND.

, granted January 26 West Hartford, Connecticut;

for an lmprovement in Methods and Apparatus for Annealing Glassware, errors yappear in the printed s ilication re uir 52, claim 17, fonthe missp'iilled word beCiiat f, -Word and hyphen be; same page and claim` `instead beneath iw receiving end of said tunnel, and; and that the these corrections therein that the same may conform to the ing correction as follows: h s

.Page 9, line strike out the 53 and insert said Letters Patread beneath; same line, strike out present line D M. J. MOORE,

Actmg Uowwbzsxz'oner of Pate/nts.

Certificate of Correction.

It is hereby certified 'that in Letters Patent No. 1,571,137, grunted January 2G, 1926,v upon the application of Vergil Mulholland, of VVe'st Hartford, Connecticut, for an improvement in Methods and Apparatus for Anneulinglr Glassware. errors :appear in the printed Specification requirin correction as follows: .Page 9, line 52, claim-17, for: the misspelled word benath read beneath; same line, strike out the word and hyphen be; same page and claim` strike out present line 53 and insert 4instead beneath the nocivi@ emi of said tun/rml, amd; and that the said Letters Patent should be read with these corrections therein that the same may conform to the record 'of the cse in the-Patent Olice.

Signed and sealed this 6th day of April, A. D. 1926.

[5mn] M. J. MOORE,

Acting Gamm/issioner of Polenta.

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