US1571029A - Hydraulic jack - Google Patents

Description

Jan. 6 1926 W. J. WATERS HYDRAULIC JACK Filed Sept. 18, 1924 8 Sheets-Sheet J.

gwuo/nto'c William J Woim 01 5 mum/11 4 Y- Jan. 26 1926.

W. J. WATERS HYDRAULIC JACK 2 m t M e I .m IM m m 8 mom M w w m & .S m

Jan. 26 1926.

W. J. WATERS HYDRAULI C JACK Filed Sept. 18, 1924 8 Sheets-Sheet 5 w. J. WATERS HYDRAULIC JACK Filed Sept. 18 1924 B SheetS-Sheet 4 Q2 am OW OWN awwz/niioz William J Whiazs $32, Glam HZ/ 221a 0,2

Jan. 26,1926. 1,571,029

W. J. WATERS HYDRAULI C JACK F sent 1924 s Sheets-Sheet 5 0 new William J Mia/ s Jan. 26 1926.

W. J. WATERS HYDRAULIC JACK Sentawwemtoz Jan. 6 1926. 1,571,029

w. J. WATERS HYDRAULIC JACK Filed Sept. 18, 1924 8 Sheets-$heet 7 @uvemtoz William 17452373 W. J. WATERS HYDRAULIC JACK Filed Sept. 18, 1924 J an. 26 1926.

8 Sheets-Sheet 8 WWMJMW Patented Jan. 26,1926.

A UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM J. WATERS, OF ELIZABETH; NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO .THE WATSON- STILLMAN 00., OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

HYDRAULIC JACK.

I Application filed September 18, 1924. Serial No. 738,850.

paratus employed for removal and replacement of the wheels and axles or -other part; of locomotives, cars-or other vehicles and wherein the jack with its load may be caused to traverse the pit in a direction transverse to the vehicle.

One of the objects of my invention is to provide an apparatus wherein the jackmay be operated and the carriage supporting the same may be traversed from one motor also mounted on the carriage and supplied with a suitable motive power agent-such as compressed air or electricity.

The invention furtherpertains to an ap-' paratus of the character stated wherein the jack is hydraulically operated by apump also mounted on the carriage and driven by the .motor which operates the drive mechanism of the carriage to traverse the same.

My invention relates particularly to a pit jack of the character described wherein the load picked up and traversed by the carriage is received upon a transfer table or platform with which the jack head engages.

Another object of my invention is to provide suitable means whereby the transfer table or platform may be supported ,in stabilized position by engagement of the jack head therewith and during traverse of the carriage.

Another object of my invention is to provide suitable means whereby. the transfer table with its load may be properly guided ,in its up and down movements under the action of the jack and whereby also the said transfer table or platform with its load may he 1firmly supported independently of the ac J A further object of my invention is to provide for the operation and control of the jack and of the traversing movement of the carriage by an equipment all mounted upon the carriage.

A further object of the invention is to provide for a rapid movement of the hydraulically ofperated jack independently of the pump or thepurpose of bringing it into rapid engagement with the work for raising or lowerin it.

A further object of the invention is .to provide for ease of starting of the hydraulic pump by the motor and to allow the pump to idle when the jack is traversing by the power of the motor.

Another object of my invention is to provide suitable blocking stops or gibs which may be quickly and readily centered and brought into or out of o erative position with relation to a wheele load upon the transfer table.

A further object of the invention is to provide a safety device which will prevent traversing of the jack by the motor so long as the jack or jack head is in projected or extended position. v

A further object of the invention is to provide an. apparatus of the character described whic-hshall be durable, strong and safe in operation.

The invention consists in the improved constructions and combinations of devices as hereinafter more particularly described and claimed whereby the above objects and others referred to more particularly in the specification may be attained.

The invention will be described in connec-- tion with the. use of compressed air as the em loyed.

ig. 1 is a plan view showing a drop pit and transfer table or platform and the associated tracks or ways.

Fig. 2 is an elevation partly in crosssection of the drop it layout shown by Fig. 1 and showing t e raising and lowering mechanism of my invention located in the pit and a fragment of the running gear and lower portion of ,a body of a locomotive positioned over the drop pit.

Fig. 3 is a side elevation of the raising and lowering and traversing mechanism as shown positioned in the pit in Fig. 2 as viewed from the lefthan side of F gdevices appropriate for such motor being? drop Fig. 4 is another view of the mechanism as shown by Fig. 3, viewed from the same position but with many of the parts in crosssection so as to more clearly show internal construction.

Fig. 5 is a to plan view of the mechanism as shown by ig. 3.

Fig. 6 is an end view of the mechanisms as shown by Fig. 5, viewed from the righthand end as illustrated by Fig. 5. I

Fig. 7 is a view of the mechanisms of Fig. 5 from the same positionas that of Fig. 6, but with many of the parts in cross-section so as to more clearly show internal construction.

Fig. 8 is a top plan View of the transfer table as shown in Fig. 1 with'some of the parts in cross-section to more clearly show the construction.

Fig. 9 is a side elevational View of the transfer table and drop pit sides viewed from a position below Fig. 1.

Fig. 10 is an end elevational view of the mechanisms of Fig. 9 viewed from a righthand side of Fig. 9.

Fig..11 is a view similar to Fig. 10, but with some of the parts in cross-section to more clearly show the construction.

Fig. 12 is a detailed view illustrating the locking of a control lever used in traversing the lowering and raising mechanism carriage.

Fig. 13 is a view similar to Fig. 12 but with the control lever shown in a difi'erent position.

Fig. 14 is a diagrammatic view illustrating in conventional form the functioning of valves used with my invention.

Tn Fig. 1 ll have illustrated the general layout of a drop pit. The drop pit is merely a hole. or cavity 1 having side walls 2. Leading up to the drop pit from either side is a line of tracks 3 and 4 and adjacent the tracks 3 and 4 is another line of tracks 5 and 6. The tracks 3 and 4 may be considered as those upon which the vehicle, as a car or locomotive, is positioned in order to remove the desired art. The tracks 5 and 6 may he considers as repair tracks or lines of track like 3 and 4 or 5 and 6 may be used in cooperation with the pit jack, the pit being correspondingly lengthened to permit the jack carriage to be traversed into position coinciding with any interruption.

The raising or lowering mechanism in the pit for removing or transporting the desire part is designated as a whole in Fig. 2 by J. This raising, lowering and transporting mechanism J is mounted suitably on a carriage having wheels as 7, 8, 9, and 10,

Two of the wheels are shown in Fig. 2. The others are best seen in Fig. 5. This mechanism J has its wheels resting upon a trackway 11 positioned in the bottom of the pit and transverse to the trackways 3, 4, 5 and 6. The mechanism J has a member 12 forming a jack head which by suitable mechanism hereinafter to be described may be raised or lowered. When the member 12 is in the raised position as indicated by dottedlines in Fig. 2 itengages with the transfer table or platform designated as a whole in Fig. 2 by T and is of suitable construction to receive the transfer table T and lower it bodily with any part of the vehicle which has been positioned thereon and freed from the remainder of the vehicle so that the part so removed may be the lowering of the transfer table T be removed from beneath the vehicle designated as a whole by V and moved by the traverse of J in the pit from position bridging the gap or interruption in tracks 3 and 4 for instance, from or to position between the interrupted ends of the sections 56 of another line of tracks.

Applicants invention pertains to the mechanism J which will be designated the pit jack and to the mechanism T which will be designated a transfer table, and to the combinations and arrangements and interconnections between the two and their method of mounting and assembling with the sides of the drop pit 1 and the tracks 3 and 4.

Referring first to Fig. 8 which is a plan View of the transfer table and shows also how the trackway 4 and the, trackway 3 having rails l3 and 14 communicate and aline with rails 15 and 16 on the transfer table: The rails 15 and 16 are adapted to support the load'and permit it to be rolled off and onto the transfer table. Each as shown in Fig. 9 is supported preferably by an T-beam or structural member, as 17, The T-beams 17 are cross-connected by the transverse members 24, as best shown in Fig. 8 and by rather broad and deep intermediate transverse member 25, both members 24 and 25 being rigidly connected to said beams 17. In order' to obtain increased rigidity of the transfer table diagonal bracing 26 is suitablyconnected with the several members by approved structural methods well known to structural steel workers.

By'the construction described it will be seen that a transfer table is provided which is of very substantial and rigid construction and is thorou hly braced so as to remain inflexible an rigid under the great loads which may be put upon it.

Secured to each end of each I-beam 17. as best shown in Fig. 9, are bearing plates as 18, one pair being located. at each corner and one of each pair being on one side of the I-beam l7 and the other of the same pair v both being securely fastened to. the I-beam 17 by rivets 19, best shown in Fig. 9, and suitably. formed as best shown in Fig. 8, with bearing surface projections 20 to engage with guides as 21. The guides 21 are secured in any suitable manner, as by bolting, to the upper ends of fixed upright I-beams or structural members 22 mounted in the sides of the pit and best shown in Fig.1 9 and also'shown in Fig. 8'. The guides 21 have bearing surface 23 cooperating with the bearing surface projections 20 of the members 18 so that as the transfer table is raised and lowered by means hereinafter more. fully described, it will traverse a strictly vertical path without side or end motion until it has so far descended that the and also in Fig. 8, is adapted to fit upon or I receive the head 53 of the jack. In case the jack is hydraulicallyactuated the head 53 is attached to a ram or plunger 54 which serves as a means for the raising and lowering of the transfer table and for supporting the same while it is being moved transversely to the trackways 3 and 4. The jack is mounted, operated, controlled and traversed in the manner to be presently described.

In order to maintain the transfer table independently of the lifting devices in such position that rails 15 and '16 will be on the same level and properly aline with the interrupted lines of rails 13 and 14 while a vehicle is being positioned thereon or the load is being rolled onto or off the rails 15,-

16'. supplemental supporting means for the transfer table are provided. This consists preferably of bearing bolts as 27 well shown in Fig. v9 and also well shown in the lower lefthand corner of Fig. 8. One ,of these bearing bolts is positioned at each corner of the transfer table and slides on guideways or guide blocks one of which may be formed on or attached to a member 18 below the I- beam 17 and the other of which is formed by the bolt guide pieces 28, one of which is fastened to one side of the .I-beam and the other of which is fastenedtothe other side of the same I-beam, both being rigidly held together with through and through rivets both through the I-beam and at the lower ends of the guide pieces. Each of thebear ing bolts as 27 is. connected to one end of a link as 30. These links are shown in elevaport each a pair of brackets as 41.

on the under side of the I-beams.

A socket member 34 on the crank arm 31 is adapted to receive a bar by which the shaft'32 may be rocked and the links 30 caused to move longitudinally and thus throw both the bearing bolts into locking or unlocked position. If the bearing bolts are moved away from eachjother when the table is in elevated position they are guided by their guides so as to rest upon a suitable ledge or support as 35 which may form part of the uides 21. In this position the transfer ta do is supported rigidly and independently of the jack with the rails 15 and 16 on a level'with and in alinement with the rails 13 and 14. When it is desired to lower the transfer table the bearing bolts are withdrawn from contact with the bearing projections 35, but of course this cannot be done except when the table has been slightly raised by the jack as will be hereinafter more fully explained. Similar bearings or ledges are provided in the pit at the interruption of each of the two or more lines of track with which the pit jack cooperates.

As it is essential for proper and safe operation that any part having a tendency to roll when positioned on the transfer table and when the transfer table is being shift ed or traversed should be so blocked that it cannot move, blocking mechanism is provided. This blocking mechanism is positioned adjacent each rail as 15 and 16 of the transfer table and normally outside thereboth sides of the transfer table.

There are two blocking gibs 36 for each rail 15 and 16 and all four are shown in Fig. 8. Each blocking gib is supported by preferably on the table. The carriages 38 V are four in number and are positioned as clearly shown by Fig. 8, each resting upon its bracket-40.

of. It may be of the same construction on The I-beams 17 or other part of the table as best shown in Figs. 10 and 11. also sup- These brackets, four in number, are positioned as most clearly shown in Fig. 8. The brackets 41 are formed with an orifice which serves to shown in section in Fig. 11 and in plan in Fig. 8. The rock shafts 42 bear crank arms. Those on one side, as shown by-Fig. 11, and designated 43, extend upwardly -and have an enlarged upper end which fits in between the two rails 37. Preferably wear plates 44 are interposed between the rails and the enlargedhead of the arm-43. One 'of the crank arms 45 on the other side, as shown in Fig. 11, is in the form of a two-arm lever attached to the shaft 42. Its lower end serves as a connection by means of link 46 to arm 43 so that a movement of arm 43.

causes a simultaneous movement of the arm- 45 and so of the shaft 42 upon which it is mounted in an opposite direction to that imparted to the shaft upon which 43 is mounted. As shown by Fig. 10, the shaft 42 on the righthand side of the figure bears a socket arm '47. This socket arm is adapted to receive a radial operating bar operating in a vertical plane to cause an oscilla tion of shaft 42 and of its arms 43 and, by link 46, a simultaneous movement of shaft 42 on the lefthand side of Fig. 11 and the corresponding arms 43 of the latter. Thus the gibs carried by the rails 37 at opposite sides of the table are caused to move simultaneously toward and onto the rails 15 and 16 or off from and away from the rails.

When the blocking gibs 36 are positioned on the rails, they may be made to approach or recede one from the other by an operation of hand wheels as 48, shown in elevation in Fig. lO'and also shown in Fig. 8. The hand wheels 48 are each mounted on a shaft as 49, journaled in an arm 50, as best shown in Fig. 8, which is attached to a carriage as 38. Adjacent the gibs the shafts 49 are each formed with a screw thread which engages in a nut formed in or on the gibs. The screw threads adjacent one gib are righthanded and those adjacent the other gib on the same shaft 49 are lefthanded so that a rotation of shaft 49 by hand through 48 causes the gibs to approach to or recede from one another. Bythis means the gibs may be positioned on the rails 15 and 16 and as shown by Fig. 9, to closely engage and block any wheel on the rails. fragment of the periphery of a wheel is indicated by line 5 r By employing guiding means as described for each corner of the transfer table, the table when in vertical motion will describe a true vertical path. The bearing bolts which maintain the transfer table in position such that the rails thereonare on a level with and will aline with connecting lines of track obviously may be operated simultaneously bv-a single lever but might be operated singly or in pairs. Also it is obvious that the socket member 34 might be located to allow operation from other positions.

The traversing carriage supporting the jack, pump and motor for operating the pump and the drive for the carriage may be of any desired construction and provided with four wheels. The wheels are in pairs on axles as 55 and 56, which axles are journaled in a frame-preferably of cast steel which frame includes side members 57 and 57' joined about midway of the carriage by a transverse orificed member 58, shown in section by Fig. 4.

Within the orifice formed in the transverse member 58 of the carriage frame is p0- sitioned a cylinder 59, best shown in Fig. 4. This cylinder has an open lower end as shown, which-lower end is closed by a plug 60, the connection being formed by screw threadson the plug and screw threads on the cylinder. The plug 60 has a screwthreaded reduced portion at its upper end with which engages a screw-threaded annulus 61 which holds the gasket 61 in place. he plug 60 also has a central orifice 62 therethrough which connects with a pipe 63, wh ch pipe, hereinafter more fully described, dehvers the fluid under pressure. When fiuld is delivered under pressure to the orifice 62 it forces the ram upwardly. When the ram has been forced upwardly so far that the shoulder 64 thereon contacts with shoulder 65, then the elongated annulus or sleeve 66 starts moving upwardly and continues to move upwardly until the shoulder 67 thereon contacts with the shoulder 68. The head 53 is then at the very highest point to which it can be raised. In order to insure as long life as possible before repairs are needed and to prevent leakage as much as possible, applicanthas provided a guide bushing 69 preferably of metal of high wear resisting characteristics such as bronze at the point where the ram 54 emerges from the sleeve 66 and just above this bushing a packing or gasket is positioned, which is held in place by another bronze bushing 71, which in' turn is held in place by a threaded sleeve 72 threaded for engagement with the upper threaded end of the outer member of the-telescoping sleeve 66. By means of the shoulder 73 cooperating with a like shoulder of the bushing 71, the bushing 71 is forced down a ainst the packing so as to prevent fluld from flowing 11 past the packing.

In order to prevent le alitage and to insure long life, the upper end of the cylinder 59 is provided with a guide bushing for the outer telescoping member of the ram and preferably of bronze, designated 74 and above this bushing is'an enlargement of the cylinder which receives a packing or gland 75. In'order to retain the packing in place a flanged annulus 76 is provided and attached by means of cap screws 77 to the cylinder 59.

As air will at times be trapped above the flange of the outer or sleeve member 66 a lic jack is a tank 79 holding the operating liquid which can be either water or oil and which supplies liquid to the-hydraulic pump by which the jack is hydraulically lifted.

The liquid is supplied from the tank to the pump through any suitable pipe as for instance pipe'80 joined'to the inlet of the pump. The pump itself being provided with a plurality of plungers 89and 90, said con nection is made to a manifold having suitable inlet valves, one for each plunger. One of said inlet valves is indicated at 81. A similar manifold carriesthe outlet valves one for each plunger, one of' said outlet, valves being marked 82 in Fig. 4. From the outlet manifold of the-pump, pipe 83 connects as shown in Fig. 5 with the body 84 of a valve having an operating valve handle 85. This valve serves in one'position to pass the fluid leaving the pump under pressure through the outlet manifold, to -a valve 87 by means of which the liquid under pressure may be passed through the pipe 63 connected with the bottom of the cylinder in which the telescopic hydraulic ram or plunger carrying the jack head 53 works. When the valve is in one position the hydraulic pump and ram work in the normal fashion to apply lifting force to the head 53. In the other position the two-way valve 84 which cuts off the connection from the pipe 83 to a valve 87 or whose handle is indicated at 87 opens up the connection between pipe 63 and a (pipe 86 joined to the tank 79 so that the liqui forced into the pipe 63 by the action of the pump will be returned directly to the tank instead of passing to the hydraulic ram portion of the apparatus through pipe 63.

Fig. 14 shows in diametric fashion and in conventional form the connections between the various pipes 83, 86 and 64 and valves 85 and 87 adapted to function in the manner just described.

-In the position shown in Fig. 14 it is obvious that the liquid passes from'pipe 83 to pipe 86 and to the tank, the connection from 83 to valve 87and pipe 63'-being blocked. Obviously the valve 87 might be turned to shut off the connection with pipe 63. By controlling, however, the valve 85, connection with pipe 86 may be shut off and connection established between 83 and, through valve 87, when properly set, with pipe 63. By setting the valve 85 or 84 to connect pipe 83 directly with the tank through pipe 86 a bypass is rovided whereby the fluid takenfrom tie tank to and through the pump may circulate back through the tank so that the pump may idle when its driving motor, as w ll be presently described, is applied to operating the driving mechanism for traversing the carriage in the pit. Furthermore, this bypass is useful in starting the motor since less power is re quired when the pump is ractically idling than when it is loaded an is forcing liquid against the ram.

By shifting the valves 85, 84, the fluid passes directly from the pump under pressure into the pipe 63 and the jack head is raised by the fluid pressure. When the jack head has been raised it may be lowered with the load by adjusting the valves 87 and 85 so that the plunger may drop and cause the liquid beneath the same to be returned to the tank through pipe 63, valve 87 and valve 85 .and pipe 86, the latter valve having been turned to establish the connection from 87 to 86 and preferably to close the connection from 83 leading fromthe pump. During this operation it will be understood that the pump is not operated. When the valve 87 is turned to close the connection to pipe 63 it will be obvious that the liquid under pressure of the ram will be trapped and the head will beheld in lifted position by the confined body of li uid which is practically incompressible. ing the load lifted is obtained by simply setting the valve 85 to'position shown in Fig. 14, the pump in-such case idling as before described whilethe power of the motor is applied tothe driving mechanism for traversing the carriage.

As applicants construction of a pit jack embodies a movable carriage and as" applicant prefers the use of air to operate the motor supplying power for moving the carriage and operating the ram, there has been provided apipe 129 or other conduit for a motive power agent to which connection may be made to a source of compressed air or other motive power agent in any. of the .well known and thoroughly understood ways, such as by a coupling 130 for a flexible air hose. The air entering pipe 129 may be passed to'valve 127 and be used as hereinafter described to operate the ram or it may pass to valve 131 and if such valve is open, to pipe 132 and thence to the air motor 101.

In order to raise the jack head quickly to position to engage the work without op 127 which serves to open the direct connection between the conducting pipe supplying the motive power medium such" as compressed air to the motor and. a pipe 128. leading into the air space in the tank. If at such time the valve controlledby handle 87 is properly positioned or in position bviously the same effect of holdsuch time the valve 127 is of course placed in proper position to cut off the supply of air under pressure to the air space of the tank. The liquid pump as shown in Fig.7 is of the two-plunger type but obviously any number of plungers may be employed. The plungers work in cylinders which communicate each with its own set of inlet and outlet valves 81, 82 and they are mechanically operated in any desired way from a shaft 97 suitabl coupled with the driving motor 101 on tie carriage. For operation from shaft 97 the plungers are preferably connected at their upper ends to cross-heads 91, 92 which are joined by suitable wrist pins with eccentric straps 93, 94 cooperating with eccentrics 95 and 96 mounted on shaft 97. The pump and the driving mechanism referred to may be mounted on the traversing carriage by attachment to a frame 99 which may be bolted by bolts 100 to the side of the ram cylinder 59 as better shown in Fig. 4. I

The pump and its attachments might, however, be secured by other means to any other portion of the carriage or parts mounted thereon so as to traverse with the carriage jack. The motor 101' has a drive connection with the pump of any suitable kind or form which will be presently described. A drive connection with the wheels for the carriage is also provided.

The air motor, the details of which are not shown, is of any desired form suitable for being driven by compressed air and is also of the type hav'in a control rod 102 as shown in Fig. 4 w ereby through the action of a manually operated rod 103 the direction of rotation of the motor shaft 104 may be reversed. Such matters being oldand well known in the art, it is not necessary to illustrate ,and describe the details thereof. The air motor is also supported on the traversing carriage in any desired wayas for instance by the lugs 105 carried by a base 106 which is secured in any desired way to the central portion 58 of the carriage or carriage frame. The drive whereby the air motor operates the hydraulic pump may be of any desired construction or form suitable for the purpose. It may be constructed as follows:

The shaft 104 of the motor-at one end of sprocket chainindicated in dotted lines tarmac at 104' drives sprocket chain wheel 10'? keyed to shaft 97 so that a rotation of shaft 104 is communicated to shaft 97, and so to the eccentrics 95 and 96 thereon thereby causing an operation of the pump plungers.

From the description given above it will be readily understood then that in drder to raise the head 53 of the jack it is merely necessary, assuming that air is supplied to motor 101, to manually operate the control rod 102, whereupon the air motor 101 will cause its shaft 104 to revolve and this in turn will cause an o eration. of the pumps which will draw iquid from the tank .79 and forcethe same through the pipe 63, assuming valves 85 and 87 are properly positioned, and so cause the operation of raising the head 53..

T The drive for the carriage wheels or some of them and whereby the carriage may be traversed in either direction may likewise be of any desired character and controllable preferably by an attendant on the carriage. A form suitable for this part of the apparatus comprises the following parts:

Gear wheel 108 is mounted on one of the carriage axles 55 and is adapted to mesh with a pinion 109 positioned on the shaft 110 journaled for rotation in protruding ends 111 and ,112 of the side frames 57 and 56. A sprocket wheel 113 onshaft 110 at the other end thereof has a sprocket chain 114 driven from sprocket wheel 115, whose drive connection with shaft 97 is controlledby a clutch designated as a whole by 116. When the clutch is thrown, the shaft 97 communicates motion to sprocket wheel 115 and this in turn, through sprocket chain 114, sprocket wheel 113, shaft 110, pinion 109 and gear wheel 108, transmits motion to axle 55r'to move the carriage in a direction predetermined by the setting of motor control'device 102 and resultant direction of rotatioh'of the motor shaft 104.

The operation of clutch 116 is effected by lever 117 pivoted at 118 and engaging at 119 with the clutch, This lever by means of handle 120 may be manually operated, but in order to prevent operation of the carriage while the head 53 of the ram is in a position other thanthat shown by Figs. 3, 6 and 7, the lever 117 is provided with an extension at right angles thereto, designated 121 and provided as shown byrFigs. 12 and 13, with a semi-circular cutout portion designated 122. This semi-circular cutout portion 122 is of the proper size to allow pin or plunger 123 to reciprocate vertically therein, but a movement of the lever 117 isprevented except when the projection 121 is in the same plane with a slot 124, indicated in Fig. 13. This slot is only in the same plane with the projection 121 of the lever 117 when the head 53 is in its lowest position, as shown by Fig. 6. At that time thehead 53 pressing against plunger 123,

forces it downwardly against the tension of the spring 125 and bearing against the collar 126 attached to plunger 123. This construction provides a safety feature in i that unless the head 53 is at its lowest point,-

it is impossible to move the lever 120 to cause the clutch 116 to so engage the shaft 97 and the sprocket wheel 115 as best shown in Fig. 5, as to cause the s rocket wheel 115 to rotate and so through t e con-- nections hereinbefore described cause the pit jack carriage wheels to revolve and valve 135, Fig. 5, which may be of any of the usual or preferred forms and serves to relieve excessive air pressure in tank '19.

For the operator of the pit jack a. standing board 134 as best shown in Fig.4 may be provided. This standing board is supported by the pit jack carriage, frame and allows the operator tostandthereon and to be transported together with the parts removed from a vehicle. All of the controls are positioned in suchwise that they may be readily reached by the operator while standing upon the standing board 134 and from his position on this board he may also insert the lever required to operate the socket lever 34 as shown in Fig. 9 for the purpose of unlocking the transfer table so that it may be lowered and he may likewise, from the same position, operate the hand wheels 48 for the'purpose of adjusting locking gibs 36 to proper position, although this would perhaps best be done by the workman situated on the level of the trackway 3 and 4, who would also operate the socket lever 47 to throw the. gibs onto the rails.

It is to beunderstood that when the head 53 is raised by the ram it contacts with and fits snugly within the member 52 of the transfer table and that the parts are of such size and so disposed that when the transfer table is loaded it will in spite of its load rest securely upon the head 53 without danger of overturning. In order to be quite certain of this the member 52 is recessed quite fairly deeply as shown in Fig 10.

Applicant has described his iack as being operated by air motor, but of course it is to be understood that any other suitable type of motor and any other motive power agent therefor may be substituted therefor. It is also to be understood that the fluid contained in tank 79 is present in such quantity method of use.

as tdsupply the maximum requirements of the device and that it may be water or any of the well known fluids usable for such purpose as hydraulic jack operation.'

'It is also to be understood that applicants jack may or may not be provided with a head as 53. In some cases the jackmay be used without the transfer table T. In such case'a suitable member would be placed upon the plunger 59 to provide for the diflerent In Figs. 8 and 9 applicant has illustrated an I-beam 22 as belng positioned at each corner of the transfer table. This is the preferred construction since it provides a substantial bearing for the ends of the rails as 15 and 14 of the approaching trackway and insures that the rails of the transfer table and the rails of the approaching trackway will be maintained permanently in alinement and at the same level as the locking bolts and principle thereof, it is to be understood that the invention might be embodied in other forms of apparatus.

What I claim as my invention is 1. In a drop pit jack, in combination a wheeled carriage, a motor supported by the wheeled carriage, means for driving the wheeled carriage by the motor, an hydraulic jack supported by the carriage, a transfer table above the jack carrying loadreceiving rails and adapted to be engaged and lifted by the jack or disengaged at will and means for operating the jack by the motor.

2. In a drop pit jack, in combination a wheeled carriage, a motor supported by the wheeled carriage, means for driving the wheeled carriage by the motor, a jack supported by the carriage, a transfer table above the jack carrying load-receiving rails and adapted to be engaged and lifted by the'jack or disengaged at willand means for operating the ack by the motor.

' 3. In a pit jack of the character described,

the combination of a carriage, supporting. rails in said plt upon Whlch the carriage may be traversed, means on the carriage for supporting a pair of rails upon which the lines .of track and means on' thecarriage for lifting said load-receiving'rails.

5. In a pit jack of the character described, the combination with two or more lines of track interrupted at a pit, of a track in said pit running transversely to 'said' lines of track, a transfer table including load-receiving rails adapted to bridge the interruptions and working in said pit, a carriage running on the tracks in the pit and supporting the transfer table and a jack on the carriage for lifting the transfer table with the bridging rails.

6. In a pit jack of the character described, the combination of a-transfer table, vertical guides for the transfer table in the side of p the pit, a carriage supporting the transfer table and adapted to be traversed in said pit on rails therein and a jack on the carriage for lifting and lowering the transfer table.

7. Ina pit jack of the character described, the combination with a transfer table working vertically in the pit, of vertically disposed guide members mounted in the sides of the pit and adapted to guide the transfer tabl in its movement, supporting ledges on each said guide member for temporarily supporting the transfer table, a traversing carriage on which the transfer table 1s mounted and means on the carriage for lifting and lowering said'transfer table.

8. In a pit jack of the character described, the combination with a transfer table working vertically in the pit, of vertically d1sposed guide members mounted 1n the sides of the pit and adapted to guide the transfer table in its movement, supportin ledges inthe sides of the pit for temporari y supporting the transfer table, a traversing carriage on which the transfer table is mounted and means on the carriage for lifting and lowering said transfer table.

9. In a pitjack of the character described,- the combination with a transfer table working vertically in the pit, of vertically disposed guide members adapted to guide the transfer table in its movement, supporting ledges for temporarily supporting the transfer table, a traversing carriage on which the transfer table is mounted and means on the carriage for lifting and lowering said transfer table. I,

10. In a drop pit jack of the character described, a drop pit having four vertically disposed structural members anchored in its sides, one at each corner of a rectangle, a transfer table including two spaced crossconnected parallel structural members, bearing members attached on eachside of each end of each of the spaced parallel members and guides cooperating with said bearing members, and attached to'said-vertical structural members.

11. In a drop pit jack of the character-described, a transfer table working vertically therein in combination with four vertically disposed guide members arranged in the sides of said pit to form corners of a rectangle, ledge members on each guide member for carrying the load of the transfer table and slidable bolts mounted on the transfer table and adapted to be slid into and out of position for engagement with the ledge members.

12. In a drop pit apparatus of the characted described,-the combination of a verti'cally operable transfer table and jack therefor, a traversing carriage supporting said jack, vertically disposed guides in the sides of the pit arranged to form corners of a rectangle and operating as guides for the transfer table in its vertical movement, slidable locking bolts one on each corner of the transfer table adapted to rest upon a suitable support when projected for sustaining the transfer table and load in any of the positions of transfer of the carriage and means for operating said locking bolts simultaneously.

13. In a pit jack of the character described, the combination of a transfer table, a traversing carriage, means on the carriage for lifting and supporting the table and laterally shiftable bolts and cooperating bearings therefor forming independent supporting means for sustaining the table in lifted position independently of the lifting means.

14. In a pit jack of the character described, the combination of a traversing carriage, a transfer table, lifting means on the carriage adapted to enga e and support the transfer table and shiftab e bolts on the carriage adapted to be shifted into position for engaging a support whereby the table may be sustained independently of the lifting means. I

15. In a pit jack, the combination of a traversing carriage running in the pit, a jack and operating mechanism therefor mounted on the carriage, lines of track running transversely to the traverse of the carriage and interrupted at the pit anda transfer table carrying rails adapted to aline with said lines of track, said transfer table being adapted to be engaged and supported by the jack during traverse of the carriage.

16. .In a pit jack, the combination of a traversing carriage running inthe pit, a jack and operating mechanism therefor mounted on the carriage and a rail supporting transfer table, the rails of which run transversely to the line of travel of the carriage and adapted to be engaged and supported by the jack during traverse of the carriage.

17. In a pit jack, the combination of lines of track interrupted at the pit, a traversing carriage running in the pit transversely to said lines of track, a jack and operating mechanism therefor mounted on the cara pit sides for ta ria e, a transfer table ada ted to be engaged an supported by the jac 'during traverse of the carriage and carrying rails adaptedv to aline with said tracks, and means in the pit for supporting the table'independently of the jack. Y

18. In a drop pit jack of the character described, the combination with a transfer table having two spaced cross-connected parallel structural members and bearin members attached on each side of each end of each of said spaced parallel members, four vertically disposed structural members anchored in the sides of the pit one on each corner of a rectangle and guides attached to said vertical structural members and cooperatin with said bearing members.

19. n a pit jack of the character described, the combination with a transfer table having rail supporting beams structurally embodied therein, of su porting bolts workin in sockets beneath t e beams" and adapte to engag; with fixed supports in the 'ng the load on the'rails when the jack is not in action.

20. In a pit jack of the character described, the combination of a single jack head, a nonrotatable transfer table adapted to be lifted, and supported solely by said jack head and laterally adjustable means for supporting thetable fixedly in position as a brldge across the pit and independently of the action of the'jack.

21. In a pit jack of the character described, the combination with a transfer table carrying two spaced parallel rails or tracks, blocking gibs 1n spaced pairs, one pair positioned adjacent and outslde of each rail, and reciprocating means for reciproeating the gibs on to and off the ad acent rails.

22. In a pit .jack of the character described, the combination with a transfer table carrying supporting rails for the load of a pair of space blockmg g1bs positioned adjacent and outside of a red and means for reciprocating the said gibs on to and off of the rail from position for blocking the wheels running on said rails.

23. In a pit jack of the character described, the combination with a transfer,

table carrying two spaced parallel rails, of blocking gibs in spaced pairs one pa1r supported adjacent and outside of each rail, reciprocatin supporting means for the g1bs whereby t e members of each pair may be moved towards and away from one another of blocking gibs slide towards and away from one another, supports for said rails and means for reciprocating the supports to move the gibs on to and off of the rails.

25. In a pit jack of the character described, the combination with a transfer table and two spaced load-supporting rails carried thereby, of blocking gibs'in spaced pairs one pair adjacent and outside each rail, two spaced parallel rails supporting each pair of gibs, carriages supporting the latter rails and movable to and from said load-supporting rails and means on the table for supporting said carriages.

26. In a pit jack of the character described, the combination with a transfer table carrying two spaced parallel load-supporting rails, of blocking gibs in spaced pairs one pair positioned adjacent and ontside of each supporting rail, rails supporting each pair of gibs, carriages supporting the latter rails and movable to and from the load-supporting rails and a screw-threaded shaft for each pair of gibs, having right and lefthand screws engaging the two g1bs of a pair respectively to cause them to approach or recede from one another.

27. In a pit jack -'of the character de-.

scribed, the combination with 'a transfer table provided with load-carrying rails spaced apart. spaced blocking gibs 1n pairs one pair positioned adjacent each rail, means carried by the transfer table for simultaneously moving all the gibs on to or off the rails and means for adjustin the spacing of this1 g1bs of each pair wlth relation to one an- 0 er.

28. In a pit jack of the characterv described, a transfer table having two spaced parallel load-supporting rails and comprismg two structural supporting members one for each ra1l, cross-connections between said supporting members at their ends and an intermediate crossing member provided with a cavity in its bottom adapted to receive and nest the head of' the jack and hold the table against overturning. V

29. Ina drop pit jack of the character described, the combination of a transfer table carryingspaced load-supporting rails, meansfor lowering and raising the table, means for guiding the transfer table while being lowered or raised, independent means for holding the table in raised position independently of the jack and vertical structural members located in the pit adjacent each corner of the table for supporting the table and the guiding'means therefor.

30. In a pit jack of the character described, the combination with, a transfer table and traversing jack forliftingv the same, of a central supporting member on the bottom of thetable, centering and det-achablcy interfitting with the jack head and adapte to take the full pressure thereof.

the jack head.

32. In a traversing jack, the combination of a carriage, traversing mechanism,'a motor, means for actuating either the jack or the traversing mechanism from said motor and means for preventing actuation of the traversing mechanism from said motor while the jack-is extended.

33. In a traversing jack, the combinationv of a carriage, a motor supplying power to operate the jack, power shifting mechanism for shifting the power of the motor to operation of the carriage and means connected to the jack for locking the power shifting mechanism while the jack is extended.

34. In a traversing jack,'the combination of a lifting ram, a motor supplying power to operate the ram, a carriage supporting the jack and provided with a suitable driving gear for moving the carriage to traverse the jack, means for connecting the motor to said driving gear and means governed by the rar'nfor locking said connecting means out of action when the ram is lifted.

35. In a jack, in combination a wheeled carriage, a motor supported by the carriage, an hydraulic jack supported by the carriage and operated by said motor, means for driving the carriage by the motor and means for reventing the driving of the carnage by the motor except when the ack is retracted.

36. In a jack, in combination a wheeled carriage, a motor supported by the carriage, means connecting the motor and the wheels of the carriage whereby the carriage is driven by the motor including a manually.

operable lever and a clutch for operation by the lever, an hydraulic jack having a ram supported by the carriage and means controlled by the ram for controlling the operation of the lever.

37. In an hydraulic jack, the combination of a traversing carriage, a pump and motor mounted thereon, means for connecting the motor to the carriage drive and a pump bypass for ease of startingand to allow the pump to idle while the ]3.Ck 1s traversing under the power of the motor.

38. In a drop pit jack, in combination a fluid tank, a pump, a cylinder closed at one end and having a ram therein projecting from the other end, fluid conducting connections between the tank and the pump and between the pump and the closed end of the cylinder, including a controlling valve whereby the operation of the pump draws fluid from the tank and forces it into the cylinder to operate the ram, a motor connected to the pump for operation thereof, a wheeled carriage supporting said cylinder, pump, motor and controlling valve and means operated by the motor for driving the carriage.

39. In a drop pit jack, a traversing carriage supporting the jack, a standing ,board on the carriage, a hydraulic pump and means for raising the jack head hydraulically by the action thereof also su ported on the carriage, an air motor on t e carriage, means for connecting the motor and driving mechamsm for traversing the carriage, an airconducting pipe, a carriage adapted to be coupled ma. SQurce of compressed air, controlling means controlling the drive of the carriage and the direction of rotation of the motor shaft, means controlling the application of the compressed air to the motor, means controlling discharge of the pump and the charging and discharging of the hydraulic jack, all said means being .positioned within reach of the operator on the standing board.

40. In a drop pit jack, the combination with a traversing carriage, of a hydraulic Jack and pump mounted on the carriage, a motor on the carriage, means for connecting the motor with the pump and with the drive for traversin the carria e, a conduit on the carriage t rough whic a motive power agent may be fed to the motor, means for coupling said conduit to a source of motive power outside the carriage, a standing board on the carriage and means on the carriage within reach of the o erator on said standing board for control mg the application of the motive power agent to the motor, the drive of the carriage from said motor and fluid connections of the pump and a hydraulic jack to control for raising and lowering the jack.

41. In a drop pit iack, in combination four wheels connected by axles in airs, two side frames supported at each end y an axle and cross-connected intermediate the axles by an orificed web and a cylinder fitting in the orifice, supported by the web and containing an hydraulic ram.

42. In a drop pit jack, in combination wheels connected by axles in pairs, two side frames each supported on the axles adjacent the wheels and each side frame having an extension, a shaft journaled in the extensions, a pinion on the shaft, a gear Wheel on an axle meshing with the pinion, a motor supported by the side frames and means for operating the shaft by the motor.

Signed at New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, this 17th day of September, A. I). 1924:.

WILLIAM J. WATERS.

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