US1569967A

US1569967A - Oil burner

Info

Publication number: US1569967A
Application number: US15944A
Authority: US
Inventors: Wilhelm G Danielsen
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1925-03-16
Filing date: 1925-03-16
Publication date: 1926-01-19
Anticipated expiration: 1943-01-19

Description

Jan. 19 1926. 1,569,967

w. G. DANIELSEN OIL BURNER Filed March 1e, 1925 2 sheets-sheet 2 In/vento@ g4 O if flor muy;

Patented Jan. 19, 1926.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

mm G. D, 0l' INDEPENDENCE, IIBBOUBI.

011| BURNER.

Application med laren 16, 1985. Serial Io. 15,944.

To all whom it may concern: e

Be it known that I, WILHELM G. DAN- IELsEN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Independence, in the county of Jackson and State of Missouri, have invented a new and useful Oil Burner, of

which the following is a specification.

vThis invention relates to oil burners of that type designed primarily for use in the furnaces and stoves of domestic heating systems and also in cook stoves, although it is to be understood that the burner will be found equally useful in manufacturing and power plants. A

Heretofore oil burners of this nature have generall been objectionable for several reasons. any of them have produced an undesirable noise while in operation. Thorough mixing of air and oil has not been satisfacposits.

torily attained and in many instances heavy fuel .such as crude oil can not be used without the employment of mechanically operated stirring mechanism. The cost of operation has usually been in excess of that of coal burning stoves and furnaces and, because of incomplete combustion, the burners quickly Abecome clo ged by carbon de- It has been di cult to control the size of the flame so as to reduce the heating action of the burner. Furthermore the several have een exposed to the intense heat of the burning fuel and have not been able to stand .u thereunder for any considerable length of) time.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a burner which will overcome all of the objections hereinbefore enumerated by utilizing a means whereby air, under pressure, is ejected in a swirling body from the burner. and about the fuel delivered from the burner, this Cyclonic action serving not only to maintain the walls of the burner relatively cool and clean, but also effecting a thorough mixture of oil and air-which willpresult in practically complete combustion and the production of a swirling flame of large proportions which lwill sweep the inner surface of the fire box in which it is located.

Another object is to provide oil spreading means for delivering 011 into the air vortex,A

means being utilized for deflecting the air so that it will sweep over the marginal portion of the spreading means and pick up fuel therefrom and thoroughly mix with the fuel.

arts of the burners4 generally used `A still further object is to provide a burner the parts of whlch -can be readily taken apartwhen desired and which does not require the use of any special mechanical agitating or mixi means.

A further object is to provide a burner which is so efficient in action as to reduce the cost of operation below or, 'at most, equal to that of a coal burning apparatus.

Another object is to provide/a spreading plate or distributor so constructed as to maintain the fuel thereon within selected bounds so that the size of the resultant llame can be corresondingly regulated.

A still furt er object is to rovide a burner which can be installed eas' y and to which air can be supplied either from a blower or from a pressure tank or the like.

With the foregoing and other objects in view which -will appear as, the description proceeds, the invention resides in the comination and arrangement of parts and in the details of constructionv hereinafter described and claimed, it being understood that changes in the precise embodiment of the invention herein disclosed may be made within the scope of what is claimed without departing from the spirit of the invention.

In the accompanying drawings the preferred form of the invention has been shown.

In said drawings Figure 1 is a erspective view of the burner, a portion t ereof .being broken awa and the action of the currents being indicated by arrows.

Figure 2 is a vertical transverse section through the burner.

Figure 3 is a plan view of the burner, the deflecting ring being removed.

Figure 4 is a section through a ortion of the burner, said section being. t en on the line 4-4, Fi re 2.

Referring to t e figures by characters 0f reference .1 desi ates thel base of the burner, the same ing formed with kan upstanding wall 2. This base is substantially circular except f for an inlet extension 3 extending from the wall 2, one wall of this extension being disclosed tangent to the wall 2 as shown'at 4 in Figure 4. The other side wall of the extension 3 has been indicated at 5 and converges inwardly toward the wall 4 up to the wall 2 so as to define, with wall 4, a throat which contracts inwardly as shown particularly in Figures 1 and 4. Inwardlyextending flanges 6 canbe provided at the outer ends of the walls 4 and 5 so as to constitute abutments for a closure plate 7 in which is provided an opening 8. pipe 9 for supplying alr under pressure to the burner is adapted to be seated 1n this opening and, obviously, air delivered therefrom under pressure will be pro]ected into the base 1 along lines parallel with the wall 4 and thence against the curved wall 2. This, obviously, will result in setting up a swirling action of the air within the base. At this time it might be stated that, should it bc desired to connect the burner to an air blower, the closure plate can be removed and the outlet flue of a fan casing can be attached to the open end of the extension 3.

The bottom of the base 1 is preferably convex as shown at 10 in Figure 2 and, if desired, ears 11 may be extended radially from the base for engagement by longitudinally adjustable supports 12. By providing the convex bottom 10 the air is deflected more or less away from the center of the base toward the wall thereof although this is in fact not essential because the centrifugal force developed will be ample to cause the air to hug the wall 2 as it swirls withm the base. The primary advantage in having a convex bottom 10 is that any surplus or unconsumed oil which may, through some defect or lack of care, overflow within the burner, will drain into an outlet pipe 13 connected to the bottom close to the wall 2. This outlet pipe may be provided with any suitable means not shown, whereby, when the overiiow reaches predetermined proportions, the suppl of oil to the burner will be cut ofi". This operation is usually effected by the use of a cut oif valve operated by a cup into which the overiiow is directed. Such a device is well known in the art to which this invention relates and constitutes no part of this invention.

Upstandng from and preferably cast integral with the bottom 10 is a central tubular core 14 extending preferably to the same height as the wall 2 and formed in the upper edge of this core is a rabbet 15 corresponding with another rabbet 16 formed in the upper edge of the wall 2. The rabbet 15 is designed to receive the reduced lower end of a tubular support 17 extending downwardly from a spreading disk 18. This disk is concentric with the support 17 and is provided, at its center, with a convex or raised portion 19 throu" h which extends an opening 20. Concentric grooves 21 are formed in the upper face of the disk and said disk also has an upstanding marginal rib 22. An oil supply pipe 23 extends upwardly throughthe center of the bottom 10 and has a threaded upper end engaging the wall of the opening 20. This pipe serves to hold the

parts

14 and 17 properly assembled and also acts as a means for directing fuel onto the convex portion 19 of the disk 18. Pipe 23 is connected to a suitable supply tank or the like not shown and which can be located at an suitable point relative to the burner. It is preferably so positioned that fuel will gravitate therefrom to the outlet end of the pipe and onto the disk 18, it being understood, of course, that a valve may be em loyed for regulating this flow.

'lhe rabget 16 is adapted to receive the reduced lower edge of a base ring 24 provided with an extension late 25 at its lower edge adapted to fit within rooves in the upper edges of the walls 4 an 5, thereby to constitute the top of the extension 3. This plate 25, can, if desired, be reinforced by webs 26 formed .integral therewith and with the ring 24.

A rabbet 27 s formed in the circular upper edge of ring 24 and is designed to receive the lower edge of a deflecting ring 28. This ring is curved upwardly and inwardly so as to overhang the marginal portion of disk 18 and the upper portion of the ring is preferably cylindrical and extended upwardly a short distance to provide a burner outlet as indicated at 29.

When fuel is admitted to the burner it will overflow ont-o the convex portion 19 and thence into the inner groove 21. From this groove it will spread to the next groove and finally to the rib 22. The oil is ignited by any suitable means and air, under pressure is directed into the base 1 as heretofore explained. This air will swirl within the base and its rin 24 and will raduall rise within the air c amber forme in sai base and ring. As the swirling body of air ascends it will be deflected inwardly by ring 28 and the film of air assing under this ring and rotating at a high speed will suck up that portion of the fuel nearest the periphery of the disk 18 so that it will pass out of the burner with the air. As the swirling body com osed of air and oil leaves the cylindrical out et 29 it will expand outwardly away from the burner and sweep the walls of the lire box in which the burner is located. This swirling mixture will of course be ignited and result in a lar e body of moving flame which, because'of t e thorough mixing of the air and oil, will roduce practically perfect combustion. he fuel continues to be delivered into the vortex of air and oil and, as has been illustrated in Figure 1, the swirling gases issuing from the burner will be made u of an outer annular film of air surrounding a ra idly rotating ring comprising a mixture o? air and oil and lwhich ring, in turn, surrounds a central space into which the oil is delivered and spreads radially. The film of air tends to hug the walls of the burner from the inlet to the outlet thereof and thus keeps the fuel (oil) out of' contact with said walls. Conlll sequently the walls are kept clean through- Out the operation of the burner and al1 danger of clogging is eliminated. As the swirllng air rises wlthin the air chamberits temperature increases so that by the. time it comes into contact with the oil, on the spreading disk, it is so hot as to insure rapid vaporization of the oil and thorough mixing therewith.

Should it be desired to maintain a very small flame at the burner, the supply of fuel can be cut down so that it will/not flow beyond the innermost groove 21, the action of the air being such as to pick up the oil when it reaches that point. A larger flame can be produced by increasing the oil supply to enable it to reach the second groove 21 before being stopped and carried off by the swirling air current. When the burner is operating at full capacity the oil is supplied in sufficient quantity to enable it to reach the rib 22 before being sto ed and carried off by the air current. (gbviously the larger theamount of oil supplied 'to the air the larger and more efiicient will be the fiame produced by the burner.

What is claimed is:

1. An oil burner including a stationary disk for receiving and spreading a film of oil, fixed means for deflecting an air current to set up an air vortex below and upwardly past the disk, and means for deiiecting the vortex over the disk and the film of oil thereon.

2. An oil burner including an oil spreading disk having concentric oil retaining means and a central supply opening, means for settin up an air vortex about and beyond the isk, and means for deflecti the vortex over the marginal portion of the disk.

3. An oil burner including an air chamber, means for directing air under pressure thereinto to set up an air vortex, a s reading disk su ported in vsaid chamber or receiving an spreading oil, and means overhanging the air chamber and the disk for deflectin the vortex over the marginal portion of t e disk.

4. An oil burner including an air chamber, means for admitting air under pressure to said chamber at a tan ent to set up an air vortex, a spreading isk supported in the upper portion of said chamber and having a central supply opening and concentric oil retaining means, and a ring concentric with the disk for deflecting the vortex over the marginal portion of the disk, said ring having an outlet above the disk for the escape of the deflected vortex.

5. An oil burner including a base having an air chamber, means for directing air underpressure tangentially into said chamber, a central core within said chamber, a spreading disk sup orted by the core in the upper portion of t e air chamber and having a central supply yopening and concentric oil retaining means, a deflecting ring su ported by the base and overhanging t 1e marginal portion of the disk, said ring having a central outlet above the disk.

In testimon that I claim the foregoing as my own, I ave hereto aixed my signature.

WILHELM G. DANIELSEN.