US1569855A - Process of treating oil - Google Patents

Description

Jan. 19 1926.

G. EGLOFF ET AL PROCESS OF TREATING 'OIL Filed August 20, 1920 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Jan. 19 1926.

G. EGLOFF El AL PROCESS OF TREATING OIL Filed August 20, 1920 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented 19, 1926.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ousrav nenorr AND HARRY r. Barman, or mnnrnnnnucn, KANSAS, ns'srenons 'ro UNIVERSAL on. rnonuc'rs comrnnxor CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION'OI' SOUTH DAKOTA.

rnocnss or TREATING OIL.

Application fl led August 20, 1920. Serial Ho. 404,902.

To whom it may concern: Y Be 11: known that we, GUSTAV Eonorr and HARRY P. BENNER, citizens of the United States, and residing in the city of Independence, county of Montgomery, and State of Kansas, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Processes of Treating Oil, of which the following is speciheating zone; to provide a, process of the character referred to in. which the vapors are preferably subjected to this cleansing action prior to reflux condensation; to provide a process in which the vapors are subjected to said cleansing action Whilein superheated condition, thereby obtaining more efiective and more rapid cracking 1n the presence of said filtering material; to provide a simple and efl'ective a paratus for carrying out" said process, and in general to provide improvements of the character referred to. a

In the drawings, Fig. 1 is a view partly in side elevation and artly in section of our improvement in said apparatus. Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an enlarged scale taken through lines B-.,.B of Fi 1. Fig. 3 is an enlarged plan view of t e. foramilfi fited filter plate taken on lines .A--A of ig. 1. z

Referring to the drawings, 1 designates the furnace, provided with burner 2, bridge wall 3, flue 4, stack 5. In this furnace is mounted a still which in the present .instance takes the form of two superimposed spaced cylinders 6 and 7, connected to .each other through conduits 8. The shell members 6 and 7 are provided with man hole plates 9, 10 and 11, and with liquid draw ofi pipes 12, controlled by valve 13. Oil is fed to the still from. the charge pump 14 by means of line 15, connected to the erforated delivery pipe 16, Which extends iih'rough the upper drum 7 as shown. A valve 17 is interposed in the delivery line 15. Vapors pass out of the still through the conduits 18 to a dephlegmator 19. The upper end of the pipe 18 is provided with a spaced cap member 20, the arrangement being such as to permit the vapors passing into the dephle mator to prevent the reflux condensate rom returning to the pipe 18. The reflux condensate is returned to the still through the line 21, in which is interposed a check valve 22. The pipe 21 is also provided with throttle valve 23. Vapors pass out of the upper end of the dephlegmator through line 24,

controlled by valve 25 to condenser coil 26, seated in water condenser box 27. Condenser coil 26 is connected to receiver 28, which receiver is provided with liquid draw ofi pipe 29, having throttle valve 30 and gas outlet pipe 31, having control valve 32. This receiver also has liquid level gauge 33 and.pressur e gauge 34.

Describing now moreparticularly the important features of our invention, in the upper part of the drum 7 is positioned and suitably supported as shown a filter support or foram'inated filter plate 35, which plate extends throughout the length of the drum and is rivetedon bracket supports 36. The apertures or openings in this filter plate are preferably closed by wire mesh 37. The

late is covered with a relatively thick filter lied 38, which may be fullers earth, boneblack, animal charcoal, cocoanut charcoal or other analogous filling material. This bed may be from a foot to eighteen inches in thickness, and in fact, if desired, the entire \upper part of the drum 7 may be filled with deep for the reason that these oils produce morecarbon and sulphur compounds than do Eastern oils. It is desirable that this filtering bed prevent such sulphur compounds and colloidal carbon content from passing out with the vapors. We have dis covered that where gas oil from California crude petroleum is cracked,-that' the pressure distillate, instead of being a normally yellow color, is deep winered, indicating the presence of undesirable constituents. By using this filtering bed, we have been able to produce pressure distillate from California gas oil of the usual very light yellow color. It is well known to those skilled in the art that the'pressure distillate obtained from'the cracking of Kansas or Oklahoma gas oils by the usual commercial method now in use, is of a yellowish color and precipitates a resinous material in the storage tank. .By causing the vapors obtained from the cracking of this Kansas or Oklahoma gas oilsto pass through our filter bed, preferably while in superheated condition, a nearly water white pressure distillate may be obtained, and which, upon standing, does not deposit this resinous matter. lhe production of substantially water white pressure distillate obviates the necessity of subjecting the pressure distillate to the usual sulphuric acid, caustic soda and water wash treatments to produce water white gasoline and kerosene.

The process may be carried out as follows: California gas oil ,of 24 Baum gravltymay be fed :into thestill and heated to an oil temperature of 740 deg. F., and subject to a vapor pressure of 105 pounds to' the square inch. [A'll of the vapors must pass through the filter bed before they leave the still, thus removing the impurities therein, such as those previously referred to. Be

cause of the peculiar arrangement of the still here'shown, thesevapors are super: heated in their passage through said filter bed, it being noted that the vapor space of the still is directly subjected to the action of the products of combustion in the furnace. The pressure may be maintained in the entire system by opening the valve 25,

or a pressure may be maintained only in the still and dephlegmator by regulating the valve 25 and by opening the valves 30 and '32, or a differential pressure may be main tained in the system, as for example, 105 pounds on the still and dephlegmator and 50 pounds in the condenser and receiver, or. combustion may take place at atmospheric pressure. Furthermore. a still further differential pressure may be obtained by plauing a valve 25' in the conduit 18. Branch case, a pressure of 200 pounds might be maintained on' the still, 100 'pouudsin'the dephlegmator, and E 5Q d pheric pressure on the condenser. In any ass through the save the system.

32% of gasoline of 58.Baum gravlty, having an initial boiling pointof'llO deg. F., and an end point of 435 as determined b the United States Bureau of Mines, stun ard method. The 32% referred to is based on the original 32% of the total gas oil treated.

We claim as. our invention:

1. A process of treating hydrocarbon oils, comprising introducing a supply of oil to a still, in heating the still, in passing the vapors generated from the oil in the still through a filtering bed located in the vapor space of the still above the oil level and above the oil inlet tl1ereto, in subjecting the vapors to dephlegmation in discharging uncondens'ed vapors and in' returning reflux condensate to the still below the filter bed.

2. Aprocess of treating hydrocarbon oils.

comprising" introducing a bulk supply of oil to a still and subjecting the same to heat, in passing the vapors generated from the oil in the still through a filter bed in the vapor space of said still located above the oil inlet to the still.- in discharging vapors that pass through the filter bed from the still into a reflux condenser. and in returning the refluii condensate to the still below said filter bed.

3. A process of treating hydrocarbon oils. comprising introducing a bulk supply of oil to a still and subiectin'g thesame to ,heat, in passing the vapors generated from the oil inthe still through a filter bed located in the vapor space of the still above the oil inlet to the still, in discharging vapors that pass through the filter bed into a reflux condenser, and in returning the reflux condensate to the still below said filter bed, and in maintaining a super-atmospheric pressure onnthe oil undergoing distillation in the sti 4. A process of treating hydrocarbon oils. comprising introducing a supply of oil to a still having communication with a second still located adiacent thereto. in applying heat to both of said stills to vaporize the oil therein. in passing the generated vapors produced in said stills through a bed of filtering earthv'material overlying the feed to said first mentioned still and in discharging the vapors that have passed through. Said filtering] bed into a dephlegmator. in returning the reflux condensate to the first mentioned still below said filtering bed, and in maintaining a super-atmospheric pressure on the oil undergoing distillation.

A process treating hydrocarbon oil. consisting in maintaining a bulk supply of oil at a conversion temperature in an enflux condensate separated from the vapors larged zone, in passing the vapors enerated to 1 point below the filter bed to be again from the oil in the enlarged zonet rough a subjected to a conversion'te'mperature, and 10 filter bed in the vapor space of said enlarged in maintaining a superatmospheric pressure 5 zone, in discharging vapors thathave assed on the oil undergoing treatment.

through the filter. bed from said on arged GUSTAV EGLOFF. zone to a reflux condenser, in returning re- HARRY P. BENNER.

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