US1568865A - Casement window - Google Patents

Description

Jan. 5 1926.

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FCVED -W/TNESSES Patented: Jan. 5, '1926.

SIDNEY U. BARR, OF BROOKLYN', NEW YORK.

CASEMENT wntnow.

Application led November 25, 1982. Serial No. 603,310.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, SIDNEY U. BARR, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of the city of New York, borough of Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of New York, have invented a new and Improved Casement Window, of which the followingr is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to metal windows, particularly to im roved easement windows, and has for an o ject to provide a simple construction which may be arranged to open inwardly oriarranged to open outwardly.

Another object of the invention is to pro-` vide a easement window, in which the parts are so arranged that the molded members will be positioned exteriorly and formed s0 that the window panes may be placed in position from the interior.

A still further object of the invention is to provide a construction, wherein three or more contacts are presented, which will make a substantially airtight and watertight structure.

A further object more specically is to provide a construction of window wherein the various parts may be readily formed b y machinery whereby the construction is cheapened and at the same time presents a finished appearance.

In the accompanying drawings- 4 Figure 1 is a plan view of a easement window embodying the invention, together with the frame and partof the wall.

Figure 2 is a vertical section through Figure 1 approximately on the` line 2-2, the same being on an enlarged scale with certain parts broken away. t

Figure 3 is a fragmentary sectional view through Figure 2 approximately on line Y Figure 4 is a fragmentaryelevation taken approximately on the line 4.-4 of Figure 2.

'Figure 5 is a perspective view of one side of the window with one end of the various rails connected thereto.

Figure 6 is a fragmentary sectional view through Figure 8 approximately on line 6 6.

Figure 7 is a detail erspective View of a reenforcing shoeembo ying certain features of the invention.

Figure 8 is an enlarged horizontal sectional view approximately on the line 8--8 of Figure l.

Figure 9 is an enlar ed fragmentary sectional view through igure 1 on the line Figure 10 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view through Figure 1 on line 10-10.

Figure 11 is a perspective view on an enlarged scale of a splice shoe embodying certain features of the invention.

Figure 12 is a vertical sectional view similar to Figure 2, but showing a modified construction.

Figure 13 is a view similar to Figure 12, but showing a further modified construction.

Figure 14 is a view similar to Fi ure 12, but showing an additional modified orm of the invention.

Figure 15 is a horizontal sectional view through Figure 14 oii line 15-15.

Figure 16 is a view similar to Figure 12, but showing a modified form of invention when the windows swing inwardly on vertical hinges.

Figure 17 is a sectional view through Figure 16 on line 17-17.

Figure 18 is a horizontal sectional view through a further modified form of window similar to the structure shownin Figure 8, but illustrating a stationary mullion.

Figure 19 is a view similar to Fi re 18 but showing a modified form of mullion and associated parts, as that illustrated in Figure 18.

Figure 20 is a View similar to Figure 19, but showing a modified construction thereof.

Figure 21 is a fragmentary horizontal sectional view through a modified form of window wherein the striking stiles are hinged.

Figure 22 is a view similar to Figure 21, but showing an arrangement whereby the parts swing outwardly. 1

Figures 23, 23A, 24 and 25 are details of the joints between the muntins.

In constructing easement windows emf bodying the invention, the parts have been so formed and arranged as to produce an extremely simple construction and at the same time one which will efectively keep out the wind and rain. Also in forming the window embodying the invention, the parts have been arranged so that the windows may swing inwardly or outwardly and also either on vertical or horizontal hinges in pairs or individually, so as to accommodate the different wishes of diii'erent persons and also complying with certain requirements or con.-

ditions in different buildings. The structure is such that the windows may be readily converted from one form of window to tle other by a slight change in certain parts and when the change has been made, the general type of window will remain the same though complying With a particular requirement.

Referring to the drawings, 11 indicates a wall which is provided with an opening for receiving the window frame 12, which frame is divided into a lower section 13 and an upper section 14, said sections being identical except for size. A division of the frame into these two sections is desirable because sometimes a transom is desired or other times it is omitted. The upper section 14, as shown in Figure 1, accommodates the transom 15, while the lower section accommodates the windows 16 and 17. The window frame 12, as indicated in Figures 2 and 5, is provided with a jamb 18, an upper rail 19 and an intermediate rail 20. The jamb and the two rails are connected by .vertical sections 21, there being one section forming each of the vertical members of the frame and each section being constructed in crosssection, as illustrated in Figure 8. It will be noted that the jamb 18, as shown in Figure 2, is provided with shoulders or contacts 22, 23 and 24, the latter two contacts being formed by the way the jamb is bent, while the contact is formed partially by the extruded metal or flange 25. This arrangement provides for three contacts for receiving the respective flanges 26, 27 and 28. This threecontact structure makes a watertight and airtight arrangement. The air chambers 29 and 30 assist materially in preventing air and moisture from passing from the outside to the inside. It will also be noted that there are provided two depending flange members 31 and 32, which act as drip flanges to cause the water to drip off before it has an opporunity to enter the flange 26. Exteriorly of the flange 25 the j amb is provided with inclined sections 33 and 34 arranged at different levels, so that the water may freely drain off. Exteriorly the jamb 18 is provided With a depending flange 35 for engaging part of the wall 11 and interiorly is provided with a depending flange 36 for engaging part of the wall or any buil-t-up structure adjacent the window so as a finished appearance will be produced. The top rail 19 is constructed, as shown in Figures 2 and 5, with longitudinally arranged grooved sections 37 and 38 for receiving cement, or other means, whereby the rail is held in place. An anchoring member 39 may be used, if desired, which is anchored in the wall 11 and is secured to the section 37 by a suitable screw or rivet 40. The lower face of the rail 19 is constructed so as to present contact shoulders 41, 42 and 43, the shoulder 41 being formed by the way the material is bent.,

while shoulders 42 and 43 are formed by reason of the flanges 44 and 45. The respective shoulders 41, 42 and 43 are designed to engage the flanges 46, 47 and 48 of the upper rail of the upper sash in similar manner to the way the lower rail of the lower sash engages the various shoulders on the jamb 36. The middle rail 20 is formed in two parts. The upper part 49 is formed with shoulders 50, 51 and 52, the shoulder 5l engaging the flange 53 of the bottom rail 54 of the transom, while the shoulder 52 coacts with the depending flange 55 of the bottom rail of the transom, whereby tight connection is made. lt will be noted that the part 49 is also provided with an upstanding flange 56 designed to either touch or almost touch the rail 54 when the flange 55 is engaging shoulder 52, whereby two substantially airtight compartments 57 and 58 are provided. A horizontal hinge 59 is secured to the part 49 near shoulder 50 and is also secured to the inwardly extending flange 60 of the bottom rail 54 of the transom, whereby the transom may swing in a vertical plane inwardly. The lower part 49 of the rail 20 is a separate member from part 49 and is secured thereto by suitable screws 61, said lower part being formed with shoulders 62, 63 and 64, shoulders 63 and 64 being formed by snitable flanges upstanding from part 49. These shoulders engage flanges 65 and 66 on the upper rail of the lower sash. It will, therefore, be noted that there is a three-point contact between the respective parts and -there are provided two enclosed chambers 68 and 69. This will produce a watertight and substantially airtight structure. The three horizontal members; namely, jamb 18, rail 19 and rail 20 have been just described. In Figures 5 and 8, the sections 21 are illustrated. In Figure 8 particularly it will be noted that the respective sections 21 are each provided with grooved sections 70 and 71, which may be connected in any desired manner t0 the wall 11. These sections are also provided with a front face in which shoulders 72, 73 and 74 are provided. The shoulder 73 is produced by the flange 75 and shoulder 74 is produced by flange 76. The flange 74 is engaged by the flange 77 of the window sash. Also the window sash, as illustrated in Figure 8, is provided with a hinge 78, whereby the sash may swing in a horizontal plane inwardly. The two vertical sections 21 are secured together by a tension bolt 79 and also by certain fastening means coact- Aing with the jamb 18 and rail 19` as hereinafter fully described. The tension bolt 79 extends through approximately the center ot' the metal rail 20, as shown in Figure 2. A reenforcing shoe or plate 8O arranged at each end of the bolt and coacting with rcspective section 21 to distribute the strain thereon and to stillen the construction. Each lll of` these plates is provided with a central body 81 from whlch a fiange 82 extends from one face, together with a thickened portion 83. From the opposite face flanges 84, 85, 86 and 87 extend. The flange 82 tits against part of the flange 7 6 while the enlargement or thickened portion 83 tits against part of the face of the section 21 and the anges 84 and 87 lit into the socket `sections 88 and 89 of section 21. The large flanges 85 and 86 are riveted or bolted to the grooved sections and 71. This plate acts as a stil'ening and reenforcing structure so that the bolt 79 may be brought under proper tension without bending or distorting any parts of the sections 21. The metal rail 20 will act naturally as a spacing sleeve for this bolt so that the parts may be clamped rigidly together Without injuring any parts and without leaving any parts loose. At the outer end each of the sections 21 is provided with a slight extension 90 projecting through a suitable slotin lthe rail 19 ear the end. In addition a plate 91 is riveted or otherwise secured to the section 21, Said plate having a flange 92 for stifening purposes, and an upwardly extending section 93 adapted to receive the straddling Vclip 94 which has its edges fitted against certain parts of the upper face of the rail 19. Wedges 95 and 96 are then driven in through apertures in the clip 94 and me P aperture in the extension 93 so that the rail 19 is drawn down tightly against the part of the section 2l which does not proJect upwardly through the rail. It will be understood that only a small section projects upwardly through the rail 19 the same width as the projection 93 indicated in dotted lines in Figure 2. A fastening member of this character, as shown in Figures 3 and 5, is provided adjacent each end of the rail 19 and each end of the jamb 18 so as to rigidly lock the upper rail and the jamb to the vertical members or sections 21.

The transom 15 is formed with a bottom rail 54 as heretofore described, and formed with a top rail 97 provided with flanges 46, 47 and 48 as heretofore described. Both the top and bottom rails are formed at their exterior parts with a molding structure 98 which presents shoulders 99 for receiving a glass 100 from the interior. These two rails also are each provided with horizontal sections 101 for receiving the respective angle plates 102 for clamping the glass 100 in position, said plates being held in position by suitable clamping screws, or other means. The vertical end members or Stiles of the transom are constructed identical with the top rail 97, so as to coact partly with the sections 21 when the transom is closed.

As illustrated in Figure 9, the center muntin 103 is wider than the intermediate members or muntins 104 and 105. As indicated in Figure 9, a reenforcing or splicing shoe 106 is provided which has an extension 107 projecting through a suitable aperture 108 (see Figure 10) 1n the bottom rail 54, While a clampin plate 109 is provided for clamping the en s of glass againstthe laterally extending flanges-.110 vof the muntin.

The windows 16 and 17 are of identical construction, except they c are provided to swing in opposite directions on the vertical hinges 111 and 112. The description of one will, therefore, equally apply to both. As indicated in Figures 2 and 8, the Window 16 is provided with a top rail 113 and a bottom rail 114 provided with various flanges and other structures as heretofore described. These rails are connected b the two vertical stiles 115 and 116. It will be noted that the stile 115 is of the same construction as the rail 54, except that it is arranged vertically and coacts with one of the sections 21. The moving stile 116 is provided with shoulders 117, 118, 119 and 120, making four contacts, whereby the passage of water and air is prevented. The stile is pr vided with suitable enlargements and akes for producin the shoulders, as clearly indicated in igure 8. This stile, as well as the stile 115, is provided with a molded section 121 which coacts with the clamping plates 122 for clamping a glass in osition. The intermediate muntin 103` is ldentical with the muntins in the transom and forms substantially a Maltese cross in cross-section, to which one of the clamping strips 122 is secured. The ends of this muntin may be secured in place and in any suitable manner, as for instance, in substantially the same manner as shown in Figure 10.' Where the muntins cross, the arrangement is shown in Figure 23. It will be noted that each of the muntins is provided with a notch or cut-out portion, so that they will interlock and permit the various Webs 123 to have surfaces arranged on the same plane, whereby the yvarious strips 122 may be properly secured thereto by any suitable form of screw or other fastening means. The meeting stiles are connected with the respective top and bottom rails by angle bars 124 shown more particularly in Figure 6, which are constructed to conform to the shape of the Stile and the rail to which they are secured by suitable screws 125. arrangement will not only connect the meeting stile with its top rail, but will stiften and reenforce the parts of the window at this point. At the point where the hinge stile joins the top and bottom rail, a structure is provided as illustrated more particularly in Figure 3. As illustrated in this figure, a tongue 126 extends upwardly from the center part of the stile 115, said tongue having an aperture arranged therein formed as an inverted cross. The bottom part of vrs Cil

the apertures accommodates a tongue 127 projected from the center part of the top rail 113, while the remaining part of the slot accommodates a key 128, said ke being in the form of a wedge having a s otted portion 129, whereby the parts are drawn together and locked. By the arrangement connecting the top and bottom rails with the hinge stile and with the angle brackets 124connecting the top and bottom rall w1th the meeting stile, a rigid framing is pre sented, which readily receives the various 1ntersecting bars or muntins and their clampilg plates for holding the various panes of ass gr we ge 128 could be raised in place after once properly fitted, as well as the keys or wedges 95 and 96.

It will be noted that in the structure shown in Figures 1, 2 and 8, an inwardly swinging transom has been provided, sa1d transom Swinging in a vertical plane. Below the transom inwardly swinging windows have been provided swinging in horizontal planes. Under some circumstances, different arrangement may be desired, as f or instance, it may be desired to swing the windows outwardly or to swing them in a vertical plane instead of a horizontal plane. It also might be desirable to swing the windows from the center of the window opening or to swmg the transom outwardly in a vertical plane, or either outwardly or inwardly in a horizontal plane. With a slight modification the respective parts heretofore described may be changed to present these various c onstructions and answer these various requirements and, at the same time, provide three or more contacts to prevent water or air from entering.

In Figure 12 a construction is presented which is identical with that shown in Figures 1 and 2, except the respective windows swing outwardly in a horizontal plane on suitable vertically arranged hinges. It will be noted that the part 49 is merely reversed and the hinge is placed on the outside. In addition, a different form of jamb 18 is presented, said jamb being provided with shoulders 130 and 131 formed by the bend in the material of the jamb and a third shoulder 132 is provided by reason of.

the flange 133. In this form of the invention there are no drip flanges similar to flanges 31 and 32 and the outer flange 134 of the rail 114 acts as a drip flange in addition to acting as a contact flange. The rail 114 is also provided with flanges 135 and 136 coacting with shoulders 131 and 132. It will be noted that in this form of the invention the rail 114 isidentical in structure with the rail 113. Therefore, in order to produce this window, it will be necessary to provide a different jamb 18 from that shown in Figure 2, and to substitute roperly in place. It desired, the key a rail similar to the top rail 113, for the bottom rail and then move the hinges exteriorly.

In Figure 13, the transom 15 is carried by a hinge 137, whereby the transom will swing in a vertical plane, but will swing outwardly. The top rail in this form of the invention is identical with the section 21, while the bottom rail is identical with the rail 114 shown in Figure 12. In the lower part of this figure, the windows are swung on suitable hinges 138, whereby they may move in a vertical plane as they swing outwardly. To accomplish this result, the part 49 shown, for instance, in Figure 12, is changed to agree with the top rail 139 of the window, said change causing the part 49 to be identical in shape with the face of the section 21. The jamb 18 is identical with that shown in Figure 12. In fact, all of the parts are constructed either as shown in Figure 12 or Figure 2, but are arranged so that the hinges may be located at the top of the transom and at the top of the windows and thereby permit the transoms and the windows to swing outwardly in a vertical plane.

In Figure 14 a further modified form of the invention is shown, wherein the rails and other parts are of the same construction as heretofore described, but rearranged so that the hinges 140 and 141 are exterior of the window and are arranged vertically so that the transom and the windows will swing in horizontal planes.

In Figures 16 and 17 another form of the invention is provided which is the same as Figures 14 and 15, except that the hinges 142 and 143 are arranged interiorly, so that the transom and the windows will swing inwardly in horizontal planes. In addition. the window in this form of the invention is provided with the drip flanges 31 and 32 and with the jamb 18 instead of the jamb 18.

In Figure 18, a fragmentary view is Shown disclosing a structure somewhat similar` to the center of the structure shown in Figure 8, except that instead of having the stiles forming part of the windows and swinging therewith, a mullion 144 is pro vided which is stationary and to one side of which a window 15 is hinged, while the other side is provided with a plurality of shoulders foi receiving the flanges of the window 15, which flanges are identical with those, as seen in Figure 2. It will be noted that the mullion 144 is divided into parts 145 and 146 secured together by suitable rivets or screws 147.

In Figure 19 a structure similar to that shown in Figure 18 is illustrated, except that the mullion 144 is provided with shoulders on each face instead of an arrangement for receiving a hinge, whereby it will act as a.

jamb against which the stiles of the respective windows may strike. The stiles of the windows are identical with that shown in Figure 2 and coact with similarly formed shoulders on the mullion 144', so that additional description thereof will not be necessary.

In Figure 20, the mullion 144" is provided with v-two vertical hinges; namely, hinges 148 and 149, which support the respective windows 15 and 15, whereby they may swing outwardly. It will be noted that in Fi res 18, 19 and 20 a centrally positione iXed member is provided which may be slightly adjusted to act as a jamb structure, against which the windows may press when closed, or may act as a supporting member for receiving either one or two hinges for hingedly supporting the windows.

In Figures 21 and 22 additional forms of stiles are shown to that illustrated in the center of Figure 8. lIn Figure 1 the stile 150 carries a vertical hinge 151, to which the window 15 is secured, so that one window is hinged to the other and consequently may be opened or closed without affecting the other window. The structure shown in Figure 1 is designed to swing inwardly, while the same structure is illustrated in Figure 22, except that the hinge 152 is arranged eXteriorly, so that the window 15 may swing outwardly. It is, of course, understood that the window 15 in these two figures may be hingedly mounted, as shown at the right of Figure 8, so that the two windows may swing bodily or window 15 may swing over against window 15 and then the two windows swung to an open position. It will be noted that the Stiles shown in this arrangement are identical with certain of the other stiles and that they are merely rearranged to secure this particular swinging structure. It will also be noted that the various rails, stiles, jambs, and the like are made in a limited number of outlines and are merely rearranged to secure the various results illustrated in the different figures. This limitation of the number of outlines is important, in that it permits the manufacturer to readily construct a window to answer certain requirements without providing` new dies or new machinery.

What I claim is 1. In a easement window of the character described, a frame provided with a jamb,

said jamb being formed with a plurality of shoulders arranged in different planes and inclined sections extending from one of the shoulders for directing water to a discharge oint, and windows formed with sashes iiaving shoulder members adapted to engage the shoulders on said jamlgand a plurality of drip flanges overhanging said inclined sections, said shoulders on said sashes being spaced from said inclined sections.

2. In a Casement window of the character described, a window frame provided with vertical sections, a top rail, a jamb -at the bottom andan intermediate rail for dividing a window opening into a window section and a transom section, a clamping bar extending through said intermedlate rail and through said vertical sections, reinforcing plates carried by said vertical .sections co-acting with said bar for distributing the strain, a transom mounted in the space between said top rail and said intermediate rail, and a window `structure arranged in the space between the jamb and the intermediate rail.

3. In a metallic Casement window ofthe character described, a window frame provided with an intermediate rail, said intermediate rail being formed in two parts, one part having a bent structure for producing a plurality of shoulders while the other part is removably secured with the first mentioned part and provided with a plurality of shoulders, said first mentioned part being adapted to receive removable parts of different face constructions 4. In a metallic easement window, a window sash comprising a pair of Stiles, a top rail and a bottotm rail, said stiles and rails beingformed with a molding structure on the exterior edge merging into a iiange, a plurality of muntins exten ding from one stile to the other formed withmolding sections )corresponding with the molding sections on said stiles and rails, each of said muntins being provided with anges for receiving glass,` and metal glass holding stri s for clamping panes of glass against sai mun-` tins and the flanges on the rails and stiles.

,5. In a metallic easement Window of the character described, a sash provided with a muntin formed with a pair of anges recciving the panes of glass, a splicing shoe carried at the respective ends of the muntin, each of the shoes being provided with an interlocking projection for interlocking with lthe rails of the sash, and a pane clamping stripy removably secured to one face of `the muntin.

, 6. In a metallic easement window of the character described, a window frame, a muntin secured to said frame, said muntin being provided with a plurality of shoulders on opposite faces, one of said faces being adapted to receive project-ing flanges of a window and the other being adapted to receive a hinge and projecting flanges.

SIDNEY U. BARR.

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