US156592A - Improvement in apparatus for hardening artificial stone - Google Patents
Improvement in apparatus for hardening artificial stone Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US156592A US156592A US156592DA US156592A US 156592 A US156592 A US 156592A US 156592D A US156592D A US 156592DA US 156592 A US156592 A US 156592A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- carbonic acid
- artificial stone
- improvement
- gas
- hardening artificial
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000002969 artificial stone Substances 0.000 title description 3
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 4
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000011089 carbon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
- B01D3/08—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping in rotating vessels; Atomisation on rotating discs
- B01D3/085—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping in rotating vessels; Atomisation on rotating discs using a rotary evaporator
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J3/00—Processes of utilising sub-atmospheric or super-atmospheric pressure to effect chemical or physical change of matter; Apparatus therefor
- B01J3/006—Processes utilising sub-atmospheric pressure; Apparatus therefor
Definitions
- This invention is made for facilitating the reconversion of hydrate of lime into carbonate of lime.
- the carbonic acid evolved in the burning of limestone is cooled and purified, and forced by. a pump into a storage-tank, and then supplied into chambers in which articles are placed that are made of a mixture of hydrate of lime and sand, so as to facilitate the absorption of carbonic acid, and the reconversion of the hydrate of lime into limestone.
- the limestone is burned in lime-kilns according to the best system.
- the volatile carbonic acid thereby produced is drawn off by means of pumps erected at the egress of the kiln, conducted through the so-called laveurs or washers, consisting of gravel filters and water, thence through pipes and the accumulator, tending to cool and purify the carbonic acid, and, lastly, to the chambers of impregnation.
- the manipulation in the chamber of impregnation is as follows:
- the chamber into which the material is inserted is, when completely filled, closed bya door as hermetically as possible, whereupon the carbonic acid is introduced near the center of the ceiling by means of conduct of pipes with stopcocks or faucets.
- the carbonic acid is introduced the same will, by its specific weight, settle to the bottom, thus gradually filling the space from below upward, the atmospheric air escaping through numerous openings in the ceiling, the same being covered with layers of sand.
- Each of these openings is supplied with an ignited gas-flame, and as soon as the space is entirely filled with carbonic gas, and the same begins to escape through the said openings, such carbonic gas, by means.
- a is the lime-kiln.
- the carbonic acid produced in this kiln is drawn oil by the pump 0.
- the washing device I On the way to the pump 0 the carbonic acid passes the washing device I), in which the acid is cooled, purified, and moistened or dampened.
- the carbonic acid is conveyed by the pump 0 to the accumulator or reservoir d, from which reservoir the acid is distributed into the impregnation-chambers e.
- g are the pipes conducting the carbonic acid from the kiln a through the Washing device I), pumpc, reservoir d into the impregnation-chambers e. fare the valves to regulate the entrance of the carbonic acid into the respective chambers e.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Compounds Of Alkaline-Earth Elements, Aluminum Or Rare-Earth Metals (AREA)
Description
F. PREUSSER.. Apparatus fur Hardening Artificial Stone. N0.i56,592. i Patented Nov. 3,1874.
, E shame wnmmam 4| PM; PLACEJLY.
UNITED STATES,
PATENT OFFICE.
FELIX PREUSSER, OF LEIPSIG, SAXONY.
IMPROVEMENT IN APPARATUS FOR HARDENING ARTIFICIAL STONE.
Specification forming part of Letters Patent N 0. 156,592, dated November 3, 1874 application filed August 8, 1874.
To all whom it may concern:
Be it known that I, FELIX PREUSSER, of the city of Leipsic, in the Kindom of Saxony, have invented an Improvement in the Manufacture of Artificial Stone, of which the following is a specification:
This invention is made for facilitating the reconversion of hydrate of lime into carbonate of lime. The carbonic acid evolved in the burning of limestone is cooled and purified, and forced by. a pump into a storage-tank, and then supplied into chambers in which articles are placed that are made of a mixture of hydrate of lime and sand, so as to facilitate the absorption of carbonic acid, and the reconversion of the hydrate of lime into limestone. I
The limestone is burned in lime-kilns according to the best system. The volatile carbonic acid thereby produced is drawn off by means of pumps erected at the egress of the kiln, conducted through the so-called laveurs or washers, consisting of gravel filters and water, thence through pipes and the accumulator, tending to cool and purify the carbonic acid, and, lastly, to the chambers of impregnation.
The manipulation in the chamber of impregnation is as follows: The chamber into which the material is inserted is, when completely filled, closed bya door as hermetically as possible, whereupon the carbonic acid is introduced near the center of the ceiling by means of conduct of pipes with stopcocks or faucets. As the carbonic acid is introduced the same will, by its specific weight, settle to the bottom, thus gradually filling the space from below upward, the atmospheric air escaping through numerous openings in the ceiling, the same being covered with layers of sand. Each of these openings is supplied with an ignited gas-flame, and as soon as the space is entirely filled with carbonic gas, and the same begins to escape through the said openings, such carbonic gas, by means. of its wellknown quality, will extinguish the flames, whereby is proved that the space is entirely filled with carbonic acid, and the openings are then tightly closed by layers of sand or otherwise. The chamber is now left closed for twelve hours, whereupon the manipula tion is repeated at intervals during about five days. At the end of this time the supply of carbonic acid is entirely out off, the openings in the ceiling are uncovered, as well as the door of insertion opened, all being suffered to stand open until the carbonic acid present has entirely escaped.
In the drawing a plan is represented of the arrangement which I propose in order to carry out my invention.
a is the lime-kiln. The carbonic acid produced in this kiln is drawn oil by the pump 0. On the way to the pump 0 the carbonic acid passes the washing device I), in which the acid is cooled, purified, and moistened or dampened. The carbonic acid is conveyed by the pump 0 to the accumulator or reservoir d, from which reservoir the acid is distributed into the impregnation-chambers e. g are the pipes conducting the carbonic acid from the kiln a through the Washing device I), pumpc, reservoir d into the impregnation-chambers e. fare the valves to regulate the entrance of the carbonic acid into the respective chambers e.
I do not claim, broadly, a pump and cooler between a gas-generator and a, gas-holder, as the same has been employed in the manufacture of illuminating-gas.
I am aware that carbonic-acid gas has been used in the manufacture of artificial stone, and that the gases escaping from a fire have been employed for this purpose.
I claim as my invention- In combination with a kiln for burning limestone the purifier and cooler 12, condensingtank 0, provided with a force-pump, and the impregnating-chambers e e, the Whole being connected by the tubes 9 g, all as and for the purposes set forth.
This specification signed by me this 19th day of May, 1874.
FELIX PRE USSER.
Witnesses:
KARL KNooP, ED. J Us'rUs THODE.
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US156592A true US156592A (en) | 1874-11-03 |
Family
ID=2226002
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US156592D Expired - Lifetime US156592A (en) | Improvement in apparatus for hardening artificial stone |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US156592A (en) |
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0
- US US156592D patent/US156592A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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