US1563523A - Device for casting iron and other difficultly-fusible metals under pressure - Google Patents

Description

Dec. 1 I 1925. 1,563,523

E. PETERSSON DEVICE FORCASTINCT IRON AND OTHER DIFFICULT FUSIBLE METALS UNDER PRESSURE Filed Sept. 11. 1924 Patented Dec. 1, 1925.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ERNST PETERSSON, OF OREBRQ, SWEDEN.

DEVICE FOR CASTING IRON AND OTHER DIFFICULTLY-FUSIBLE METALS UNDER PRESSURE.

Application filed September 11, 1924. Seria1 1\T0. 737,196,

- To all 107mm it may concern:

Be it knownthat 1,.ERNS'1 Pnrnnsson, a subject of the King of Sweden, residing at Orebro, Sweden, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in' Devices for Casting Iron and Other Difliculty-Fusible Metals Under Pressure, of which the following is a specification. 4 r

This invention relates to a device for easting iron and other difficulty fusible metals under pressure, and particularly when producing the pressure by vacuum. The objectof the invention is to provide a tight connection between the molten'metal in a crucible and the mold during the casting operation.

The invention consists, chiefly, in this that a pipe consisting of an incombustible material, for instance, graphite or the like is provided in a crucible and extends from the bottom of said crucible or from the proximity thereof and outside the crucible above or at or substantially atthe rim of the crucible and through the melting furnace, and is at this end provided with or formed as a nozzle which is forced at the casting instant against the mold.

In the annexed drawing some forms of embodiment of a device according to the invention are shown. Fig. 1 shows a crosssection of a melting furnace and a crucible according tothe invention placed therein. Fig. 2 is a similar view, showing a somewhat modified form of embodiment of the crucible. .Fig. 3 shows'a suitable arrange ment of the casting nozzle. Fig. 4 is an end view of the nozzle according to Fig. 3. Fig. 5 shows a heating and insulating device for the part ofthe pipe extending from the crucible through the wall of the furnace.

Referring to Fig. 1, there is provided in the furnace 1 a crucible 2, in the wall of which there is formed a channel 3 extend ing from the rim of they crucible to the bottom thereof. Inserted in said channel 3 is a pipe 4 consisting of an incombustible material, such as for instance, graphite or the like, the lower'end of said pipe extending, as does the channel 3, to the bottom of the crucible, while the upper end of the pipe is bent and extends through the wall of the furnace. The pipe 4 forms at its outer end a nozzle 5 having a spherical shape and which is pressed at the casting instant against the mold. In' this case the inlet of the mold ought to have a conical form, so that, when pressing the mold against the nozzle 5, a tight connection is obtained between the mold and the molten metal in the crucible '2 independent of the location of the mold with relation to the nozzle. Obviously, this is of a great importance particularly in casting under pressure produced by vacuum in order to prevent'tlie formation of air-holes in the castings. l

In the modification shown in Fig. 2 there is formed at the rim of the crucible 2 from the material of the crucible proper a pipe 6, provided, as is the pipe 4 in the form of embodiment according to Fig. 1, with anozzle 5 having a sphericalshape, said nozzle extending outside the wall of the furnace.

-The said pipe 6 communicates directly with the channel 3 extending to the'bottom of the crucible, so that a tight connection will be obtained between the molten metal in the crucible 2 and the mold, when pressing the latter against the nozzle 5x I Supposing the inlet of the mold tohave whereby'the adjustment of the mold ought to be such that the said plane surfaces will be as parallel as possible. In order to compensate for slight inaccuratenesses as to the said adjustment and in order to perform a uniform distribution of the pressure between the said surfaces, either the mold or,

as shown in Figs. 3 and 4, the nozzle 5 with the pipe 4 (6) and the crucible 2 is according tothe invention suspended in a so-called Cardan suspension device 8, comprising a ring -11 surrounding the nozzle 5 and pivotally secured to said nozzle '5 by means of two diametrically opposed gudgeons 12, said ring 11 being further, pivotally secured to a fixed frame 13 or the furnace proper by -means of two further diametrically opposed gudgeons 14 located at right angles to the gudgeons 12, so that the nozzle 5 with the pipe 4 (6) will be free to swing in any direction. The plane surface 7 of the nozzle 5 will, thus, while pressed against the mold, be automatically adjusted in parallel with the corresponding plane surface of the mold, thus performing an effective tightening between the said surfaces.

In order to prevent cooling of-the pipe 4; (6) at the place, where it passes through the wall of the furnace, said pipe is, as apparent from Fig. 5, surrounded by a sleeve 9 consisting, preferably, of graphite and the fore end of which bears tightly against the pipe at the nozzle 5 and the interior of which is in communication with the melting chamber, so as to utilize the heat of radiation from said chamber. The said sleeve 9 is surrounded by a second sleeve 10 having interior flanges bearing tightly against the sleeve 9, so that a closed airchamber will be formed between the said sleeves preventing the radiation of heat from the sleeve 9 and the pipe 4 (6). If

desired, a heating device of a known type, for instance an electrical heating device, may, obviously, be used for heating the part of said pipe extending through the Wall of the furnace.

What I claimas new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States of America is 1. In a device for casting iron and other difiicultly fusible metals by forcing the molten metal into the mold by vacuum, the combination of a furnace, a crucible located in said furnace, a pipe extending into the metal bath in the crucible and consisting of an incombustible material and having a nozzle adapted to be pressed, at the casting instant, against the mold, said nozzle having a plane surface at the side to be pressed against the mold, and a self-adjusting suspension device carrying said nozzle and its pipe and permitting the said plane surface of the nozzle, when pressed against the nozzle, to automatically adjust itself in alignment with the inlet side of the mold,

so as to perform an air-tight connection between the nozzle and the mold.

2. A device according to claim 1, characterized by the nozzle suspension device comprising a ring hinged to the nozzle by means of two diametrically opposed gudgeons and to a stationary part by means of two further diametrically opposed gudgeons, said latter gudgeons being located at right angles to said first-mentioned gudgeons.

In testimony whereof I aifix my signature.

ERNST PETERS-SON.

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