US1563421A - Stove polish - Google Patents

Description

Patented Dec. 1, 1925.

UNITED sass PATENT OFl lfiE.

MANUEL LEVIN, 013 BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

STOVE POLISH.

No Drawing. Application filed May 8,

Z 0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, MANUEL LEVIN, a citizen of the United States of America, and resident of Boston, in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented new and useful Improvements in Stove Polishes, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to polishes, either liquid or paste, particularly intended for imparting a glossy black finish to metallic surfaces and thus of an especial value as a stove polish.

Objects of the invention are to provide a polish adapted to fill the pores or inequalities in the metal so as to provide a smooth surface to receive the gloss; capable of imparting a dense black coloration to the metal; which will adhere firmly to the metal during the polishing process and remain in good condition for a relatively long time thereafter; which may be applied to the metal whether cold or hot; which will not give off inflammable or disagreeable fumes during its application; which may be made cheaply and of almost any desired consistency; and whose ingredients will remain mixed without substantial separation for long periods.

One combination of substances which 1 have found to be well adapted for attaining the above objects comprises graphite, carbon black, resin and a petroleum distillate having a specific gravity of at least .77 testing not over 54 Baum and having a flash point above 100 F.

In this mixture the graphite serves the double purpose of filling the minute openings .or inequalities in the surface of the metal and of imparting a part at least of the desired gloss. The carbon black imparts the desired pigmentation to the surface of the metal, concealing the grayish tone of the graphite and, owing to its relatively light character, acting to some degree to prevent settling of the ingredients of the polish when the latter is allowed to stand for a long time.

The resin is strongly adhesive and tends to bind the other ingredients of the polish firmly to the metal while it also imparts body to the polish, thus also tending to prevent separation of the solid and liquid elements when the polish is allowed to stand.

The petroleum product, preferably one of the distillates lying between gasoline and 1923. Serial No. 637,589.

paraffin, and having a specific gravity of at least .77 and testing not over 54 Baum,

and an end point below 450 F. is employed as a vehicle for the graphite and carbon black and as a solvent for the resin. As a solvent for the resin and vehicle for the other ingredients the relatively light distillate known commercially as varnoline is found to give excellent results.

Petroleum products lying within the range above mentioned do not give 05' dangerously inflan'u'nable fumes at temperatures below 100 F. but slowly evaporate when exposed in thin films to the atmosphere. The use of such a vehicle thus avoids the formation of streaks or brush marks in the polish re sulting from its too rapid evaporation and such as are commonly observed when the solvent employed is of a kind which evaporates with great rapidity.

While petroleum products or distillates constitute desirable vehicles for the other ingredients due to their cheapness and availability as well as their ability to form solutions with the resin, other liquids or semisolids having similar characteristics may under proper circumstances be substituted therefor.

The graphite employed is preferably of flake or amorphous form and pulverized sufficiently line to pass a 200 mesh sieve.

The carbon black may be of usual commercial type such as is commonly made from natural gas and consisting of substantially pure amorphous carbon in a very finely divided state, but other similar forms of carbon, such for example as lamp black, bone black, etc. are regarded as equivalents and acceptable substitutes for the carbon black if desired, while it is further contemplated that other coloring substances, such as some of the synthetic coal tar pigments may be employed if circumstances should Warrant.

The resin used is preferably one of the harder varieties, its color being of little or no importance. The term resin, as here employed, is used in the broadly generic sense to comprise any of the harder organic gums also including the fossil gums, but excluding the mineral gums such as the asphalts or bitumins.

I preferably employ from about 1.0 to 10% by weight of carbon black, from about 20% to 36 by weight of graphite, from about 1.8% to 18% by weight of resin, and from this formula I dissolve about pounds of resin broken into small pieces in approximately 10 gallons of oil without the application of heat, but with constant stirring sufficient to insure a thorough and homogeneous solution. l0 pounds oi graphite and 12 pounds of carbon black are then incorporated in the resin solution and the mixture is stirred to "form a smooth paste. The remainder of the oil, approximately 15 gallons. is then added and stirred in the paste until the mixture has attained a uniform and proper consistency.

The proportion of resin is varied in accordance with the variety employed and the degree of viscosity or body which it is desired to impart to the compound.

The amount of carbon black or its equivalent is varied in accordance with the color of the graphite, the use of the grayer graphites necessitating a larger amount of pig ment than the darker ones. Likewise the quantity of petroleum distillate is varied to suit requirements. By varying the proportion of the distillate used the consistency of the compound may readily be varied from a comparatively thin fluid to a thick paste.

The polish may be applied by placing a small quantity upon a cloth and spreading it evenly over the metal surface to be treated so as thoroughly to coat the latter and fill all its pores and minute depressions. The gloss is then obtained by rubbing the surface briskly with a cloth, pad, brush or other usual polishing appliance.

The liquid vehicle employed slowly evaporates but gives oil' no dangerous or offensive fumes, while the resin makes the polish adhere firmly to the metal. The graphite and carbon black permit a high and intensely black luster to be obtained while the body provided by the resin and the relatively light weight otthe carbon black serves eiiectively to prevent separation of the in redients upon standing.

As the materials employed are all abundant and relatively cheap and as no special apparatus is necessary for the preparation of the polish, no heat l'ieing required, the polish may be made at relatively low cost and without the. danger from fire which is so imminent in the preparation of many polishes employing highly inflammable substances which are necessarily combined at high temperatures.

I claim:

1. That process of making stove polish which comprises dissolving resin in cold mineral oil, stirring pulverized graphite and av pigment into the solution, and reducing the mixture to the desired consistency by ad ding more oil.

That process of making stove polish which comprises dissolving an organic resin in a cold petroleum distillate, stirring a pulverulent filler together with carbon black into the solution, and adding more of the distillate to reduce the mix to the desired consistency.

3. That process of making stove polish which comprises dissolving an organic resin in cold petroleum distillate having a flash point of at least 100 F., and stirring amorphous, finely divided graphite and carbon black into the solution.

Signed by me at Boston, Massachusetts, this 3rd day of May, 1923.

MANUEL LEVIN.